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The biosynthetic pathway of the hallucinogen mescaline and its heterologous reconstruction

Molecular plant 2024年第7期17卷 1129-1150页

作者： Paula Berman Luis Alejandro de Haro Ana-Rita Cavaco Sayantan Panda Younghui Dong Nikolay Kuzmich Gabriel Lichtenstein Yoav Peleg Hila Harat Adam Jozwiaki Jianghua Cai Uwe Heinig Sagit Meir Ilana Rogachev Asaph Aharoni Department of plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Life Sciences Core Facilities Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel The Maurice and Vivienne Wohl Institute for Drug Discovery Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Present address:Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Molecular&Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami Miler School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA Department of Botany and plant Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA Laboratory of plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

Mescaline,among the earliest identified natural hallucinogens,holds great potential in psychotherapy ***,despite the existence of a postulated biosynthetic pathway for more than half a century,the specific enzymes involved in this process are yet to be *** this study,we investigated the cactus Lophophora williamsii(Peyote),the largest known natural producer of the phenethylamine *** employed a multi-faceted approach,combining de novo whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing with comprehensive chemical profiling,enzymatic assays,molecular modeling,and pathway engineering for pathway *** identified four groups of enzymes responsible for the six catalytic steps in the mescaline biosynthetic pathway,and an N-methyltransferase enzyme that N-methylates all phenethylamine intermediates,likely modulating mescaline levels in ***,we reconstructed the mescaline biosynthetic pathway in both Nicotiana benthamiana plants and yeast cells,providing novel insights into several challenges hindering complete heterologous mescaline *** together,our study opens up avenues for exploration of sustainable production approaches and responsible utilization of mescaline,safeguarding this valuable natural resource for future generations.

关键词： mescaline Lophophora williamsi Peyote biosynthetic pathway de novo genome sequencing mo-lecular modeling

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Decoding the biochemical dialogue: metabolomic insights into soybean defense strategies against diverse pathogens

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2234-2250页

作者： Min Qiu Mengjun Tian Yaru Sun Huaibo Li Wenwen Huang Haibing Ouyang Shaoyan Lin Chen Zhang Ming Wang Yuanchao Wang Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University Department of Plant PathologyNanjing Agricultural University The Key Laboratory of plant Immunity Nanjing Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Nanjing Agricultural University China State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University

Soybean, a crucial global leguminous crop, confronts persistent threats from diverse pathogens, exerting a profound impact on global *** genetic dimensions of soybean-pathogen interactions have garnered attention, the intricate biochemical responses remain poorly elucidated. In this study, we applied targeted and untargeted liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry(LC-MS) metabolite profiling to dissect the complex interplay between soybeans and five distinct pathogens. Our analysis uncovered 627 idMS/MS spectra,leading to the identification of four main modules, encompassing flavonoids, isoflavonoids, triterpenoids, and amino acids and peptides,alongside other compounds such as phenolics. Profound shifts were observed in both primary and secondary metabolism in response to pathogenic infections. Particularly notable were the bidirectional changes in total flavonoids across diverse pathogenic inoculations, while triterpenoids exhibited a general declining trend. Noteworthy among the highly inducible total flavonoids were known representative antipathogen compounds(glyceollin I), backbone forms of isoflavonoids(daidzein, genistein, glycitein, formononetin), and newly purified compounds in this study(prunin). Subsequently, we delved into the biological roles of these five compounds, validating their diverse functions against pathogens: prunin significantly inhibited the vegetative growth and virulence of Phytophthora sojae; genistein exhibited a pronounced inhibitory effect on the vegetative growth and virulence of Phomopsis longicolla; daidzein and formononetin displayed significant repressive effects on the virulence of P. longicolla. This study underscores the potent utility of metabolomic tools, providing in-depth insights into plant-pathogen interactions from a biochemical perspective. The findings not only contribute to plant pathology but also offer strategic pathways for bolstering plant resistance against diseases on a broader scale.

关键词： metabolome soybean soybean-pathogens interaction secondary metabolites triterpenoids flavonoids isoflavonoids antimicrobial compounds

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Identification and Analysis of the WRKY Transcription Factor Gene Family in Verbena bonariensis

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PHYTON-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024年第8期93卷 1875-1896页

作者： Yuan, Dandan Cai, Ju Zhang, Tao Wang, Sisi Yang, Xiuliu Li, Yan Guizhou Univ Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Germplasm Inno Minist Educ Guiyang 550025 Peoples R China

The WRKY transcription factor gene family is one of the unique gene families in plants. It plays an important role in response to abiotic stresses such as cold and drought, hormone signal transduction, regulation of biosynthesis, leaf senescence seed germination, etc. However, little information is available about WRKY transcription factors in Verbena bonariensis. . In this study, 70 VbWRKY genes were identified fi ed from the whole genome. The phylogenetic analysis of the WRKY gene family in V. bonariensis and Arabidopsis shows that the WRKY genes in V. bonariensis can be divided into three groups: I, II, and III, which contain 13, 47, and 10 members, respectively. Group II can be further divided into fi ve subclasses: IIa (5), IIb (10), IIc (18), IId (6), and IIe (8). Conservative motif analysis showed that 64 proteins encoded by the VbWRKY gene had conserved motifs 1, 2 and 3, and the same subclass motif elements were approximately the same. The collinearity analysis showed that there were 44 homologous gene pairs among the VbWRKYs, , and these homologous gene pairs may have the same function. Promoter sequence analysis showed that the VbWRKY gene has multiple cis- acting elements, including not only cis-acting elements related to low-temperature and light responses, but also cis-acting elements related to hormone regulation, Among them, most VbWRKY genes contain response elements about low-temperature, and 30 VbWRKY genes contain low-temperature response elements (LTR), and 61 VbWRKY genes contain abscisic acid response elements (ABRE), indicating that VbWRKY plays a crucial role in plant growth and abiotic stress. According to the expression of VbWRKY in the cold stress and different tissues transcriptome, 70 VbWRKY genes played their respective roles in various tissues and stages to regulate plant growth, Also, some of them participated in the process of cold stress tolerance, 52 VbWRKYs showed significant fi cant differences in expression under cold stress, a

关键词： Verbena bonariensis WRKY gene family cold resistance DNA-BINDING RESPONSIVE GENES EXPRESSION ARABIDOPSIS STRESS RESISTANCE TOLERANCE EVOLUTION PROMOTER ELEMENTS

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Effect of Apis mellifera on community composition of local pollinator bees and their pollination network in Qinling Mountains and surrounding areas

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Entomotaxonomia 2024年第3期46卷 167-205页

作者： Cheng'en ZHONG Qingle XIE Yaoyao SI Yalin ZHANG Key Laboratory of plant Protection Resources and Pest Management Ministry of EducationEntomological MuseumCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The Qinling Mountains, known for their rich vegetation and diverse pollinating insects, have seen a significant decline in bee species richness and abundance over recent decades, largely due to the introduction and spread of Apis mellifera. This decline has caused cascading effects on the region's community structure and ecosystem stability. To improve the protection of native bees in the natural and agricultural landscape of the Qinling Mountains and its surrounding areas, we investigated 33 sampling sites within three habitats: forest, forest-agriculture ecotones, and farmland. Using a generalized linear mixing model, t-test, and other data analysis methods, we explored the impact of Apis mellifera on local pollinator bee richness, abundance, and the pollination network in different habitats in these regional areas. The results show that(1)Apis mellifera significantly negatively affects the abundance and richness of wild pollinator bees,while Apis cerana abundance is also affected by beekeeping conditions.(2)There are significant negative effects of Apis mellifera on the community structure of pollinator bees in the Qinling Mountains and its surrounding areas: the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, and Margalef richness index of bee communities at sites with Apis mellifera influence were significantly lower than those at sites without Apis mellifera influence.(3)The underlying driver of this effect is the monopolization of flowering resources by Apis mellifera. This species tends to visit flowering plants with large nectar sources, which constitute a significant portion of the local plant community. By maintaining a dominant role in the bee-plant pollination network, Apis mellifera competitively displaces native pollinator bees, reducing their access to floral resources. This ultimately leads to a reduction in local bee-plant interactions, decreasing the complexity and stability of the pollination network. These findings highlight the need for

关键词： Apis mellifera Pollinator bees Species richness Abundance Interaction networks

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A signaling cascade mediating fruit trait development via phosphorylation-modulated nuclear accumulation of JAZ repressor

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1106-1125页

作者： Wei Wang Jinyao Ouyang Yating Li Changsheng Zhai Bing He Huahan Si Kunsong Chen Jocelyn K.C.Rose Wensuo Jia College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthaca14853NYUSA Institute of Horticulture Crops Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumqi 830000China

It is generally accepted that jasmonate-ZIM domain(JAZ)repressors act to mediate jasmonate(JA)signaling via CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1(COI1)-mediated ***,we report a cryptic signaling cascade where a JAZ repressor,FvJAZ12,mediates multiple signaling inputs via phosphorylation-modulated subcellular translocation rather than the COI1-mediated degradation mechanism in strawberry(Fragaria vesca).FvJAZ12 acts to regulate flavor metabolism and defense response,and was found to be the target of Fv MPK6,a mitogen-activated protein kinase that is capable of responding to multiple signal ***6 phosphorylates FvJAZ12 at the amino acid residues S179 and T183 adjacent to the PY residues,thereby attenuating its nuclear accumulation and relieving its repression for FvMYC2,which acts to control the expression of lipoxygenase 3(FvLOX3),an important gene involved in JA biosynthesis and a diverse array of cellular *** data reveal a previously unreported mechanism for JA signaling and decipher a signaling cascade that links multiple signaling inputs with fruit trait development.

关键词： defense response JAZ repressor phosphorylation strawberry subcellular translocation

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A vicinal oxygen chelate protein facilitates viral infection by triggering the unfolded protein response in Nicotiana benthamiana

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1481-1499页

作者： Zhihong Guo Ning Jiang Menglin Li Hongfang Guo Qi Liu Xinyu Qin Zongying Zhang Chenggui Han Ying Wang Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Vicinal oxygen chelate(VOC)proteins are members of an enzyme superfamily with dioxygenase or non-dioxygenase ***,the biological functions of VOC proteins in plants are poorly ***,we show that a VOC in Nicotiana benthamiana(NbVOC1)facilitates viral ***1 was significantly induced by infection by beet necrotic yellow vein virus(BNYVV).Transient overexpression of NbVOC1 or its homolog from Beta vulgaris(BvVOC1)enhanced BNYVV infection in ***,which required the nuclear localization of *** with this result,overexpressing NbVOC1 facilitated BNYVV infection,whereas,knockdown and knockout of NbVOC1 inhibited BNYVV infection in transgenic *** ***1 interacts with the basic leucine zipper transcription factors bZIP17/28,which enhances their self-interaction and DNA binding to the promoters of unfolded protein response(UPR)-related *** propose that bZIP17/28 directly binds to the NbVOC1 promoter and induces its transcription,forming a positive feedback loop to induce the UPR and facilitating BNYVV ***,our results demonstrate that NbVOC1 positively regulates the UPR that enhances viral infection in plants.

关键词： beet necrotic yellow vein virus bZIP17/28 Nicotiana benthamiana unfolded protein response VOC1

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Basal defense is enhanced in a wheat cultivar resistant to Fusarium head blight

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1238-1258页

作者： Xinlong Gao Fan Li Yikun Sun Jiaqi Jiang Xiaolin Tian Qingwen Li Kaili Duan Jie Lin Huiquan Liu Qinhu Wang State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Fusarium head blight(FHB),mainly caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum,is one of the most destructive wheat *** directly affecting the yield,the mycotoxin residing in the kernel greatly threatens the health of humans and *** 979(XN979)is a widely cultivated wheat elite with high yield and FHB ***,its resistance mechanism remains *** this study,we studied the expression of genes involved in plant defense in XN979 by comparative *** found that the FHB resistance in XN979 consists of two lines of *** first line of defense,which is constitutive,is knitted via the enhanced basal expression of lignin and jasmonic acid(JA)biosynthesis *** second line of defense,which is induced upon *** infection,is contributed by the limited suppression of photosynthesis and the struggle of biotic stress-responding ***,the effective defense in XN979 leads to an inhibition of fungal gene expression,especially in the early infection *** formation of the FHB resistance in XN979 may coincide with the breeding strategies,such as selecting high grain yield and lodging resistance *** study will facilitate our understanding of *** interaction and is insightful for breeding FHB-resistant wheat.

关键词： Fusarium head blight Xinong 979 lignin jasmonic acid photosynthesis Fusarium graminearum

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Enhancement of ionic conductivity and fracture toughness by infiltrating porous Li_(0.33)La_(0.56)TiO_(3) pellets

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 392-398,I0006页

作者： Xiaojuan Lu Mingyang Duan Jingyu Xiang Yuning Liang Songtao Liu Hebei Key Lab of Power plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding071003China

Although solid-state lithium electrolytes have the potential to reduce the safety issues associated with organic liquid electrolytes,disadvantages such as low total conductivity,large interface impedance,and delamination of the interface due to cyclic stress still need to be *** solid-state lithium-ion conductor Li_(0.33)La_(0.56)TiO_(3)(LLTO) was prepared via a hydrothermal route by using CTAB as templates in this *** LLTO with micro-porous channels was obtained and the total conductivity is comparable to the non-porous *** LLTO pellets are infiltrated with the non-porous LLTO precursor solution,and the total conductivities of the infiltrated porous LLTO are all higher than those without *** infiltration,the porous LLTO calcined at 600℃ achieves the highest total conductivity,7.88×10^(-5) S/*** fracture toughness of the infiltrated LLTO is higher than that of the non-porous *** results demonstrate a new way to prepare solid-state lithium-ion conductors with high ionic conductivity and great tolerance to cyclic stress.

关键词： Perovskite Porous material Infiltration Ionic conductors Fracture toughness Rare earths

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Challenging the term symbiosis in plant-microbe associations to create an understanding across sciences

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 7-11页

作者： Anna Neubauer Daniela Aros‐Mualin Vicente Mariscal Péter Szövényi Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany University of ZurichZurich 8008Switzerland Zurich‐Basel plant Science Center Zurich 8092Switzerland Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis CSIC y Universidad de SevillaSevilla 41092Spain

THE IMPORTANCE OF WELL DEFINED TERMINOLOGY,Effective communication across fields and disciplines relies on well defined *** use of accurate definitions has been advocated by scientists across various disciplines(PySek... 详细信息

关键词： terminology definition fields

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A unique role of the pyrimidine de novo synthesis enzyme ODCase in Lysobacter enzymogenes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3066-3077页

作者： Mingming Yang Yunxiao Tan Jiabing Ma Yingjia Zhao Xia Yan Nana Wang Pingping Wang Jiaqi Tan Suilong Ai Xiaofei Liang Bangshuai Chang Obadah E.A.Yousif Chao Zhao Bo Wang Guoliang Qian Lili Huang State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of plant Protection Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Shaanxi Provincial Tobacco Corporation of China National Tobacco Corporation Xi’an 710061China Institute of plant Protection Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China College of plant Protection Laboratory of Plant ImmunityNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Bacterial species of the genus Lysobacter are environmentally ubiquitous with strong antifungal biocontrol ***-stable antifungal factor(HSAF)secreted by the biocontrol bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes OH11 has broad-spectrum and highly efficient antifungal *** the biosynthetic regulations of HSAF would lay an important foundation for strain engineering toward improved HSAF *** this work,we demonstrate that Le0752,an orotidine-5´-phosphate decarboxylase enzyme(ODCase)catalyzing a pivotal step of the UMP de novo biosynthesis pathway,is vital for HSAF-mediated antimicrobial activities and growth of *** OH11,but not for twitching *** gene regulates the production of HSAF by affecting the expression of lafB,a key gene in the HSAF biosynthesis operon,through the transcription factor ***,bioinformatics analysis revealed that Le0752 belongs to the Group III ODCases,whereas its homologs in the closely related genera Xanthomonas and Stenotrophomonas belong to Group I,which contains most ODCases from Gram-positive bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria and ***,the Group I ODCase PXO_3614 from the Xanthomonas oryzae *** PXO99A strain complemented the Le0752 mutant in regulating HSAF-mediated antagonistic ***,these results highlight the important requirement of de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes for antibiotic HSAF production in ***,which lays an important foundation for improving HSAF production via metabolic flow design and for dissecting the regulatory functions of bacterial ODCases.

关键词： ODCase pyrimidine de novo synthesis secondary metabolite HSAF Lysobacter enzymogenes

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