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Pivotal Role of PGE_2 and IL-10 in the Cross-Regulation of Dendritic Cell-Derived Inflammatory Mediators

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2006年第4期3卷 271-277页

作者： Hedi Harizi Norbert Gualde cnrs umr 5540 Bordeaux Université Bordeaux 2France

Exposure to pathogens induces antigen-presenting cells （APC） such as macrophages and dendritic cells （DC） to produce various endogenous mediators, including arachidonic acid （AA）-derived eicosanoids, cytokines, and nitric oxide （NO）. Many secreted products of activated APC can act by themselves in an autocrine manner and modulate their function. Moreover, the cross-interaction between endogenous bioactive molecules regulates the function of professional APC with important consequences for their ability to activate and sustain immune and inflammatory responses, and to regulate immune homeostasis. Although neglected for many years when compared to their role in cardiovascular homeostasis, cancer and inflammation, the importance of eicosanoids in immunology is becoming more defined. The role of prostaglandin （PG） E2 （PGE2）, one of the best known and most well studied eicosanoids, is of particular interest. It modulates the activities of professional DC by acting on their differentiation, maturation and their ability to secrete cytokines. Uniquely among haematopoietic cytokines, interleukin-10 （IL-10） is a pleiotropic molecule that displays both immunostimulatory and immunoregulatory activities. IL-10 has attached much attention because of its anti-inflammatory properties. It modulates expression of cytokines, soluble mediators and cell surface molecules by cells of myeloid origin, particularly macrophages and DC. We previously reported that PGE2 is a potent inducer of IL-10 in bone marrow-derived DC （BM-DC）, and PGE2-induced IL-10 is a key regulator of the BM-DC pro-inflammatory phenotype. BM-DC may be considered as an important model to study complex interactions between endogenous mediators, and autocrine IL-10 plays a pivotal role in the crossregulation of AA-derived lipid mediators, cytokines, and NO, with critical effects on immune and inflammatory responses.

关键词： BM-DC IL-10 PGE2 feed-back regulation cytokine inflammation

Toward automatic comparison of visualization techniques:Application to graph visualization

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Visual Informatics 2020年第2期4卷 86-98页

作者： L.Giovannangeli R.Bourqui R.Giot D.Auber LaBRI umr cnrs 5800 University of BordeauxFrance

Many end-user evaluations of data visualization techniques have been run during the last *** results are cornerstones to build efficient visualization ***,designing such an evaluation is always complex and time-consuming and may end in a lack of statistical evidence and *** believe that modern and efficient computer vision techniques,such as deep convolutional neural networks(CNNs),may help visualization researchers to build and/or adjust their evaluation *** basis of our idea is to train machine learning models on several visualization techniques to solve a specific *** assumption is that it is possible to compare the efficiency of visualization techniques based on the performance of their corresponding *** current machine learning models are not able to strictly reflect human capabilities,including their imperfections,such results should be interpreted with ***,we think that using machine learning-based preevaluation,as a pre-process of standard user evaluations,should help researchers to perform a more exhaustive study of their design ***,it should improve their final user evaluation by providing it better test *** this paper,we present the results of two experiments we have conducted to assess how correlated the performance of users and computer vision techniques can *** study compares two mainstream graph visualization techniques:node-link(NL)and adjacency-matrix(AM)*** two well-known deep convolutional neural networks,we partially reproduced user evaluations from Ghoniem et *** from Okoe et al..These experiments showed that some user evaluation results can be reproduced automatically.

关键词： Visualization Machine learning Deep learning Automatic evaluation Graph drawing

Porous media grain size distribution and hydrodynamic forces effects on transport and deposition of suspended particles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第3期29卷 161-172页

作者： Nasre-Dine Ahfir Ahmed Hammadi Abdellah Alem HuaQing Wang Gilbert Le Bras Tariq Ouahbi Normandie University UNIHAVREUMR 6294 CNRSLOMC76600 Le HavreFrance GeM UMR 6183 CNRSUniuersite de NantesBP 42044606 Saint Nazaire CedexFrance

The effects of porous media grain size distribution on the transport and deposition of polydisperse suspended particles under different flow velocities were investigated. Selected Kaolinite particles （2-30 μm） and Fluorescein （dissolved tracer） were injected in the porous media by step input injection technique. Three sands filled columns were used： Fine sand, Coarse sand, and a third sand （Mixture） obtained by mixing the two last sands in equal weight proportion. The porous media performance on the particle removal was evaluated by analysing particles breakthrough curves, hydro-dispersive parameters determined using the analytical solution of convection-dispersion equation with a first order deposition kinetics, particles deposition profiles, and particle-size distribution of the recovered and the deposited particles. The deposition kinetics and the longitudinal hydrodynamic dispersion coefficients are controlled by the porous media grain size distribution. Mixture sand is more dispersive than Fine and Coarse sands. More the uniformity coefficient of the porous medium is large, higher is the filtration efficiency. At low velocities, porous media capture all sizes of suspended particles injected with larger ones mainly captured at the entrance. A high flow velocity carries the particles deeper into the porous media, producing more gradual changes in the deposition profile. The median diameter of the deposited particles at different depth increases with flow velocity. The large grain size distribution leads to build narrow pores enhancing the deposition of the particles by straining.

关键词： Suspended particlesPorous mediaGrain size distributionStructured heterogeneityStrainingParticle size distribution

On visualization techniques comparison for large social networks overview:A user experiment

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Visual Informatics 2020年第4期4卷 23-34页

作者： Bruno Pinaud Jason Vallet Guy Melancn University of Bordeaux CNRS UMR 5800 LaBRIFrance

Visualizing social networks,especially an overview emphasizing their structure,i.e.,communities and their interconnections,is known to be a challenging *** this paper,we present a set of design rationales to build such overview visualizations of social networks and our solution called *** evaluate its performances against two of the most wide-spread visualization techniques(matrix and node-link diagram)in a human–computer controlled experiment based on community-related *** none of the techniques emerge as the overwhelming winner,Jasper appears to be one of the best methods for each task;a fact sustained by the marks given by the ***,Jasper can be seen as an all-encompassing solution for quickly producing legible and compact overviews of large social networks on a single modern computer.

关键词： Overview visualization User evaluation Graphs andnetworks Social networks

Noncoding RNAs as additional mediators of epigenetic regulation innonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第35期28卷 5111-5128页

作者： Mohamed Zaiou Institut Jean Lamour UMR CNRS 7198CNRSUniversity of LorraineNancy 54011France

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common causeof chronic liver disorder worldwide. It represents a spectrum that includes acontinuum of different clinical entities ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholicsteatohepatitis, which can evolve to cirrhosis and in some cases tohepatocellular carcinoma, ultimately leading to liver failure. The pathogenesis ofNAFLD and the mechanisms underlying its progression to more pathologicalstages are not completely understood. Besides genetic factors, evidence indicatesthat epigenetic mechanisms occurring in response to environmental stimuli alsocontribute to the disease risk. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs,long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are one of the epigenetic factors thatplay key regulatory roles in the development of NAFLD. As the field of ncRNAsis rapidly evolving, the present review aims to explore the current state ofknowledge on the roles of these RNA species in the pathogenesis of NAFLD,highlight relevant mechanisms by which some ncRNAs can modulate regulatorynetworks implicated in NAFLD, and discuss key challenges and future directionsfacing current research in the hopes of developing ncRNAs as next-generationnon-invasive diagnostics and therapies in NAFLD and subsequent progression tohepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： MicroRNAs Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Steatohepatitis Noncoding RNAs Circular RNAs Biomarker

Prediction of Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat of Native Maize Starch and Comparison with HMT Treated Starch

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第6期7卷 535-546页

作者： Aklouche Leila Monteau Jean-Yves Rezzoug Sid-Ahmed Maugard Thierry Guihard Luc Cohendoz Stephane Maache-Rezzoug Zoulikha LaSIE UMR CNRS 7356University of La RochelleAvenue Michel Crépeau17042 La RochelleFrance GEPEA UMR CNRS 6144ONIRISRue de la Géraudière44322 NantesFrance LIENSs umr cnrs 7266 Universitéde La RochelleFrance

Specific heat(Cp)and effective thermal conductivity(λ)of native maize starch(NS)were measured by DSC and transient heat transfer method,respectively,at different moisture contents and *** dependency of temperature(T)and moisture content(W)on the two parameters were *** thermophysical properties of treated starch(TS)by four hydrothermal processes(RP-HMT,IV-HMT,DV-HMT and FV-HMT)were measured and compared to native *** treatments were performed at 3 bars(133°C)for 10 *** Cp andλmeasurements,moisture content varied for NS from 5 to 21.5%*** from 8.8 to 25%d.b.,respectively,and was fixed at 6%*** *** models were developed to specific heat and effective thermal conductivity,using a multiple regression algorithm with subsequent statistical *** proposed models for NS based on T and W predict Cp andλwith a mean absolute error of 3.5%and 1.3%,*** differences in specific heat were observed between TS and *** a temperature range of 40 to 160°C,Cp values varied from 1.964 to 2.699 for NS and 1.380 to 2.085(J.g-1.°C-1)for *** contrast,the conductivity of NS was almost identical to that of treated starch by FV-HMT,followed in an increasing order by those treated by DV-HMT,RP-HMT,and IV-HM processes.

关键词： Starch HMT treatment specific heat effective thermal conductivity

Organic photodetectors based on supramolecular nanostructures

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SmartMat 2020年第1期1卷 56-71页

作者： Yifan Yao Yusheng Chen Hanlin Wang Paolo Samorì ISIS umr 7006 CNRSUniversity of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance

Self‐assembly of semiconducting(macro)molecules enables the development of materials with tailored‐made properties which could be used as active components for optoelectronics *** nanostructures combine the merits of soft matter and crystalline materials:They are flexible yet highly crystalline,and they can be processed with low‐cost solution *** are devices capable to convert a light input into an electrical *** achieve high photoresponse,the photogenerated charge carriers should be transported efficiently through the self‐assembled nanostructures to reach the electrodes;this can be guaranteed via optimalπ–electron overlapping between adjacent conjugated ***,because of the high surface‐to‐bulk ratio,supramolecular nanostructures are prone to enhance exciton *** qualities make supramolecular nanostructures perfect platforms for photoelectric *** review highlights the most enlightening recent strategies developed for the fabrication of high‐performance photodetectors based on supramolecular *** introduce the key figure‐of‐merit parameters and working mechanisms of organic photodetectors based on single components and p–n *** particular,we describe new methods to devise unprecedented planar and vertical devices to ultimately realize highly integrated and flexible *** incorporation of ordered mesoscopic supramolecular nanostructures into macroscopic optoelectronic devices will offer great promise for the next generation of multifunctional and multiresponsive devices.

关键词： organic crystalline photodetector phototransistor self‐assembly supramolecular electronics

Locally Enhanced Flow and Electric Fields Through a Tip Effect for Efficient Flow‑Electrode Capacitive Deionization

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 1-17页

作者： Ziquan Wang Xiangfeng Chen Yuan Zhang Jie Ma Zhiqun Lin Amor Abdelkader Maria‑Magdalena Titirici Libo Deng College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji University1239 Siping RoadShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585Singapore Department of Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyBournemouth UniversityTalbot CampusFern BarrowPooleEngland BH125BBUK Institut de Chimie de Nice UniversitéCôte d’AzurUMR CNRS 727228 Av.Valrose06108 NiceFrance Department of Chemical Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusExhibition RdLondon SW72AZUK

Low-electrode capacitive deionization(FCDI)is an emerging desalination technology with great potential for removal and/or recycling ions from a range of ***,it still suffers from inefficient charge transfer and ion transport kinetics due to weak turbulence and low electric intensity in flow electrodes,both restricted by the current ***,a new tip-array current collector(designated as T-CC)was developed to replace the conventional planar current collectors,which intensifies both the charge transfer and ion transport *** effects of tip arrays on flow and electric fields were studied by both computational simulations and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,which revealed the reduction of ion transport barrier,charge transport barrier and internal *** the voltage increased from 1.0 to 1.5 and 2.0 V,the T-CC-based FCDI system(T-FCDI)exhibited average salt removal rates(ASRR)of 0.18,0.50,and 0.89μmol cm^(-2) min^(-1),respectively,which are 1.82,2.65,and 2.48 folds higher than that of the conventional serpentine current collectors,and 1.48,1.67,and 1.49 folds higher than that of the planar current ***,with the solid content in flow electrodes increased from 1 to 5 wt%,the ASRR for T-FCDI increased from 0.29 to 0.50μmol cm^(-2) min^(-1),which are 1.70 and 1.67 folds higher than that of the planar current ***,a salt removal efficiency of 99.89%was achieved with T-FCDI and the charge efficiency remained above 95%after 24 h of operation,thus showing its superior long-term stability.

关键词： Flow-electrode Capacitive deionization Current collector Tip effect Desalination

Validation of a conductometric bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as marker of organic matter in river samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期21卷 545-551页

作者： KHADRO Basma NAMOUR Philippe BESSUEILLE Franois LEONARD Didier JAFFREZIC-RENAULT Nicole University of Lyon Laboratory of AnalyticalCNRS UMR 5180 69622 Villeurbanne France Cemagref of Lyon

This article describes a conductometric bi-layer based bienzyme biosensor for the detection of proteins as a marker of organic matter in rivers. Proteins were chosen to be used as indicators of urban pollution. The working mechanism of the bienzyme biosensor is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins into several fractions （peptides and amino acids）, which results in a local conductivity change depending of the concentration of proteins. In this work, we began with the optimization of biosensor response using bovine serum albumin （BSA） as standard protein. For this objective seven enzymatic biosensors were prepared： four enzymatic sensors with only one layer of enzyme （proteinase K, trypsin, pronase or protease X） and three other enzymatic sensors with two layers （first layer： membrane containing proteinase K; second layer： one of the three other enzymes： trypsin, pronase or protease X）. The biosensors were obtained through the deposition of enzymatic layers and the cross-linking process between enzymes and BSA in saturated glutaraldehyde vapour. The response of the various biosensors, described previously, were compared with the values of total organic carbon （TOC）, and those of organic nitrogen （No~）, as determined by the laboratory accredits （CEMAGREF of Lyon） using the traditional method of analysis （NF EN 1484, infrared spectroscopy） and （NF EN 25663, mineralization/colorimetry assay） respectively for each water sample obtained from different sites in Lyon （France）. The linear correlations obtained with the response of the seven biosensors showed the most important indices of correlations for the biosensor with two enzymatic layers： proteinase K ＋ pronase （pkp）. The optimum conditions for the preparation of the pkp biosensor increased the sensitivity and gave a limit of quantification of 0.583 μg/L for TOC and 0.218 μg/L for Norg in water samples. This sensor shows good reproducibility （2.28%）, a capacity to be used at temperatures range 10-- 30℃ （dependi

关键词： conductometric biosensor proteins enzyme natural water analyses total organic carbon organic nitrogen