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Feasibility Demonstrations of Liquid Turbine Power Generator Driven by Low Temperature Heats

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2016年第8期4卷 59-67页

作者： Seiichi Deguchi Norifumi Isu Hidenori Kato Saeko Miwa Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Kitchen and Bathroom Technology Research Institute LIXIL Corporation Noda Japan

Lower temperature waste heats less than 373 K have strong potentials to supply additional energies because of their enormous quantities and ubiquity. Accordingly, reinforcement of power generations harvesting low temperature heats is one of the urgent tasks for the current generation in order to accomplish energy sustainability in the coming decades. In this study, a liquid turbine power generator driven by lower temperature heats below 373 K was proposed in the aim of expanding selectable options for harvesting low temperature waste heats less than 373 K. The proposing system was so simply that it was mainly composed of a liquid turbine, a liquid container with a biphasic medium of water and an underlying water-insoluble low-boiling-point medium in a liquid phase, a heating section for vaporization of the liquid and a cooling section for entropy discharge outside the system. Assumed power generating steps via the proposing liquid turbine power generator were as follows: step 1: the underlying low-boiling-point medium in a liquid phase was vaporized, step 2: the surfacing vapor bubbles of low-boiling-point medium accompanied the biphasic medium in their wakes, step 3: such high momentum flux by step 2 rotated the liquid turbine (i.e. power generation), step 4: the surfacing low-boiling-point medium vapor was gradually condensed into droplets, step 5: the low-boiling-point medium droplets were submerged to the underlying medium in a liquid phase. Experiments with a prototype liquid turbine power generator proved power generations in accordance with the assumed steps at a little higher than ordinary temperature. Increasing output voltage could be obtained with an increase in the cooling temperature among tested ranging from 294 to 296 K in contrast to normal thermal engines. Further improvements of the direct current voltage from the proposing liquid turbine power generator can be expected by means of far more vigorous multiphase flow induced by adding solid powders a

关键词： Liquid Turbine Power Generator Low Temperature Heats Recovery Phase Changes Biphasic Medium Energy Harvesting Technology

Development of Instantaneous Hot Water Dispenser Based on Water Source Heat Pump

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第10期8卷 1703-1711页

作者： Satoshi Yoshida Ryozo Ooka Toshiyuki Hino Kazuo Kodama Research Strategy Planning Department LIXIL Corporation Tokyo 136-8535 Japan Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo 153-8505 Japan

Natural energy use is important to reduce the energy consumption of buildings. However, further reducing energy consumption with traditional systems is difficult. Therefore, we proposed a MMHP （multi-source and multi-use heat pump） to achieve higher efficiency than traditional systems. The MMHP system connects multiple heat sources such as solar heat, the ground, and air and multiple heat uses such as cooling, heating, and a hot water dispenser with a water loop. Each type of heat use side can utilize heat efficiently. However, there is a distinct lack of highly efficient hot water dispensers available. Therefore, we developed the IHWD WS （instantaneous hot water dispenser based on a water source） heat pump. In this study, we developed a prototype of the IHWD WS heat pump. The coefficient of performance of the IHWD WS heat pump was 5.2-8.5 throughout a year. When it is improved, COP （coefficient of performance） is expected to be 9.3-9.9.

关键词： Heat pumps hot water efficiency COP ground source.

Piezoelectric Power Harvesting via Acoustic-Pressure Driven by Low-Speed Wind-Force with Resonating-Tube and Wind-Collector

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2018年第11期6卷 53-64页

作者： Seiichi Deguchi Hiroya Taguchi Hajime Arimura Noriyuki Kobayashi Norifumi Isu Kentaro Takagi Tsuyoshi Inoue Takashi Nozoe Seigo Saito Takahiko Sano Department of Chemical Process Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Analysis & Assessment Center LIXIL Corporation Noda Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Fuji Ceramics corporation Fujinomiya Japan

Wind-driven power harvestings attract attentions since their target wind speeds are quite low less than the so-called cut-in wind speed, which is generally recognized as around 3 m/s. The extant power harvestings driven by wind-induced-air-column-resonations (i.e. acoustic-pressures) are still lacking simplicity, scale flexibility and solid strategies for practical applications. Therefore, the piezoelectric power harvesters via acoustic-pressures driven by low-speedwind-forces with resonating-tubes and wind-collectors were invented so as to complement all the lacks. The wind-collector as well as the resonating-tube contributed to upraise the power harvesting density. The champion power harvesting density of 19.5 nW/dm2 could be procured at 2.3 m/s of an artificial wind and the optimal resonating-tube and wind-collector. Power harvesting proofs from the natural wind with low mean speeds down to about 0.6 m/s were successfully obtained. The cut-in wind speed of the prototype piezoelectric power harvester was found to be quite low as about 0.4 m/s, signifying its ubiquity. Finally, a multi-bundle pendant-type piezoelectric power harvester was specifically presented together with professing the solid and multiple strategies for practical applications.

关键词： Piezoelectric Power Generation Low Wind Speed Resonating Tube Wind Collector Power Harvesting Practical Demonstration

Further Stabilization and Power Density Improvement of Stack-Type Thermoelectric Power Generating Module with Biphasic Medium by Using Various Flexible Metals as Electrodes

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2018年第11期6卷 78-86页

作者： Seiichi Deguchi Shoichiro Imaizumi Hajime Arimura Keisuke Sawada Noriyuki Kobayashi Norifumi Isu Kenji Sakai Kentaro Kimoto Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Kitchen and Bathroom Technology Research Institute LIXIL Corporation Tokoname Japan Materials System Division Toshima Manufacturing Corporation Ltd. Saitama Japan

In order to realize further stability of a stack-type thermoelectric power generating module (i.e. no electrical connections inside), flexible materials of metal springs and/or rods having restoring forces were installed between lower-temperature-sides of thermoelectric elements. These flexible materials were expected to play three important roles of interpolating different thermal expansions of the module components, enlarging heat removal area and penetration of any media through themselves. Then, a low-boiling-point medium (i.e. NOVEC manufactured by 3M Japan Ltd.) was also applied for a high-speed direct heat removal via its phase change from the lower-temperature-sides of the thermoelectric elements in the proposing stack-type thermoelectric power generating module. No electrical disconnections inside the module were confirmed for more than 9 years of use, indicating further module stability. The power generating density was improved to about 120 mW·m-2 with SUS304 springs having 0.7 mm diameter. Increasing power generating density can be expected in terms of suitable selection of flexible metal with high Vickers hardness, cavities control on the spring surface, more vigorous multiphase flow with adding powders to the medium and optimization of the module configurations according to numerical simulations.

关键词： Thermoelectric Power Generation Stack-Type Module Flexible Section Biphasic Medium Phase Change Multi-Phase Flow Heat Transfer Enhancement Module Stabilization

Piezoelectric Power Harvesting Process via Phase Changes of Low-Boiling-Point Medium Together with Water for Recovering Low-Temperature Heats

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2018年第11期6卷 65-77页

作者： Seiichi Deguchi Akinori Miyajima Hajime Arimura Haruna Banno Noriyuki Kobayashi Norifumi Isu Kentaro Takagi Tsuyoshi Inoue Takashi Nozoe Seigo Saito Takahiko Sano Department of Chemical Process Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Analysis & Assessment Center LIXIL Corporation Noda Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Fuji Ceramics corporation Fujinomiya Japan

Low-temperature thermal energy conversions down to exergy zero to electric power must contribute energy sustainability. That is to say, reinforcements of power harvesting technologies from extremely low temperatures less than 373 K might be at least one of minimum roles for the current generations. Then, piezoelectric power harvesting process for recovering low-temperature heats was invented by using a unique biphasic operating medium of an underlying water-insoluble/low-boiling-point medium (i.e. NOVEC manufactured by 3M Japan Ltd.) in small quantity and upper-layered water in large quantity. The higher piezoelectric power harvesting densities were naturally revealed with an increase in heating temperatures. Excessive cooling of the operating medium deteriorated the power harvesting efficiency. The denser operating medium was surpassingly helpful to the higher piezoelectric power harvesting density. Concretely, only about 5% density increase of main operating medium (i.e. water with dissolving alum at 0.10 mol/dm3) came to the champion piezoelectric power harvesting density of 92.6 pW/dm2 in this study, which was about 1.4 times compared to that with the original biphasic medium of pure water together with a small quantity of NOVEC.

关键词： Piezoelectric Power Generation Low-Temperature Heat Recovery Biphasic Medium Phase Change Multiphase Flow Power Harvesting

Enhancement of Photocatalytic Water Splitting Rate via Rayleigh Convection

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2014年第2期4卷 80-86页

作者： Seiichi Deguchi Ben Kariya Norifumi Isu Shoji Shimasaki Haruna Banno Saeko Miwa Keisuke Sawada Junki Tsuge Shoichiro Imaizumi Hidenori Kato Kyota Tokutake Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Kitchen and Bathroom Technology Research Institute LIXIL Corporation Tokoname Japan School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette USA

In order to enhance photocatalytic water splitting rates with Pt/TiO2 powder, sufficient agitation of the biphasic medium is required to switch surficial reactions to volumetric reactions. Additionally, agitation is conducive to higher diffusion rates of the generated hydrogen and co-produced oxygen, hindering their ability to re-couple to water on Pt loaded to TiO2 powder. In order to create agitation without consuming any electricity, a novel technique utilizing Rayleigh convection was applied, and its ability to enhance photocatalytic water splitting rates was evaluated. Higher Rayleigh convective flow rates resulted in higher photocatalytic water splitting rates. Utilization of Rayleigh convection approximately doubled the photocatalytic water splitting rates, despite relatively low convective flow velocities (obtained through simple thermo-hydrodynamic simulations). The rate enhancement achieved through Rayleigh convection is a result of its ability to disperse the ultrafine Pt/TiO2 particles throughout the whole medium, leading to volumetric reactions.

关键词： Photocatalytic Water Splitting Pt/TiO2 Powder Rate Enhancement Volumetric Reaction Thermal Treatment Rayleigh Convection Thermo-Hydrodynamic Simulation

Effect of TiO2 Crystallite Diameter on Photocatalytic Water Splitting Rate

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2014年第2期4卷 87-94页

作者： Haruna Banno Ben Kariya Norifumi Isu Muneaki Ogawa Saeko Miwa Keisuke Sawada Junki Tsuge Shoichiro Imaizumi Hidenori Kato Kyota Tokutake Seiichi Deguchi Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Kitchen and Bathroom Technology Research Institute LIXIL Corporation Tokoname Japan School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette USA

The effect of (Pt-loaded)TiO2 crystallite diameter (i.e. Scherrer size) on the photocatalytic water splitting rate was investigated. (Pt-loaded)TiO2 powders with a wide range of crystallite diameters from about 16 to 45 nm with a blank region between about 23 and 41 nm were prepared by various annealing processes from an identical TiO2 powder. Water splitting experiments with these powders were carried out with methanol as an oxidizing sacrificial agent. It was found that the photocatalytic water splitting rate was sensitively affected by the crystallite diameter of the (Pt-loaded)TiO2 powder. More concretely, similar steep improvements of photocatalytic water splitting rates from around 15 and a little over 2 to about 30 μmol·m-2hr-1?were obtained in the two (Pt-loaded)TiO2 crystallite diameters ranging from 16 to 23 and from 41 to 45 nm, respectively.

关键词： Photocatalytic Water Splitting TiO2 Crystallite Diameter Scherrer Size X-Ray Diffraction Critical Water Anneal

Direct Production of High Pressure Hydrogen at Great Rate from Glycerol/Water/Metal Mixture

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2016年第3期6卷 136-142页

作者： Seiichi Deguchi Norifumi Isu Noriyuki Kobayashi Hajime Ohtani Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Kitchen and Bathroom Technology Research Institute LIXIL Corporation Tokoname Japan Department of Chemical Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan

One of the key issues facing the global society today is to find renewable and sustainable energy sources. Hydrogen has gained much attention in recent years since it is one of fuels for fuel cells. It emits no carbon dioxide when it is used and so on. In this study, a great rate production of high pressure hydrogen rich gas from glycerol/water/metal mixtures was developed since glycerol has become one of the enormous industrial by-products, especially from biodiesel processing plants. It was found that cobalt was the optimum metal additive among tested metals of aluminum, cobalt, magnesium and nickel in terms of a hydrogen producing rate, a hydrogen partial pressure and a conversion ratio from 50 mol% glycerol/water mixtures under an operating temperature of 723 K. Concretely, hydrogen rich gas with concentration about 64%H2 and high partial pressure about 4 MPaN,H2 could be produced at the great producing rate of 42.9 LN,H2 dm-2min-1 and high conversion ratio about 60%H2. All the produced hydrogen rich gases from glycerol/water/metal mixtures were by no means inferior to pure hydrogen as a fuel for the polymer elec-trolyte fuel cell.

关键词： Great-Rate Hydrogen Production High Pressure Hydrogen Glycerol Reforming Sustainable Energy

Effects of dry and mist saunas on circulatory and thermoregulatory functions in humans

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Health 2013年第2期5卷 267-273页

作者： Satoshi Iwase Yuko Kawahara Naoki Nishimura Hiroki Takada Mayumi Nagata Yuki Niimi Chihiro Miwa Aichi Medical College for Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Kiyosu Japan Department of Human & Artificial Intelligent Systems Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui Japan Department of Neurology Tsushima Municipal Hospital Tsushima Japan Department of Physiology Aichi Medical University Nagakute Japan Group of Home Systems & Appliance R&D Department of Home Systems & Appliance Sales Toho Gas Co. Ltd. Nagoya Japan Plumbing Fixtures Technology Research Institute Kitchen & Plumbing Fixtures Company LIXIL Corporation Tokoname Japan

To test the hypothesis that mist sauna is a safer way of bathing than dry sauna, we compared changes in circulatory and thermoregulatory functions during 10 min sauna bathing in mist sauna at 40℃ with relative humidity of 100%, and in dry sauna by infrared ray at 70℃ with relative humidity of 15%. Subjects were seven healthy young men aged 29 ± 6 yrs (mean ± SD). We measured blood pressure, heart rate, skin temperatures at chest, forearm, thigh, and leg, tympanic temperature (Tty) by thermistors, skin blood flow at forearm by laser Doppler flowmetry, and sweat rate by ventilated capsule method at 1 min intervals throughout the experiment. Total sweating and change of hematocrit were also measured for dehydration analysis. Blood pressure was elevated more and changes in heart rate and total sweating were larger in dry sauna than mist. A significant hematocrit increase was observed in dry sauna bathing only. Mean skin temperature and Tty in dry sauna were elevated higher than those in mist. Heat stress of the dry sauna may be stronger than that of the mist, leading to dehydration and hypovolemia by sweating. Percent plasma volume loss was significantly larger in the dry than mist sauna. Changes in skin blood flow and sweat rate/Tty during mist sauna were significantly larger than those during dry sauna bathing despite heat stress of the mist sauna. The mist sauna bathing may thus be safer physiologically, and provide more effective vascular dilatation and sweating than the dry sauna bathing.

关键词： Sauna Bathing Mist Sauna Dry Sauna Heat Stress Hemodynamic Change Thermoregulatory Function