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Meso-Archean to Mid-Paleozoic Granitoids in Oulad Dlim Massif(the Pericratonic Terrane of the Reguibat Shield,West African Craton,Morocco):Petrology,Geochemistry,Geochronology and Geological Implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1152-1165页

作者： Haissen Faouziya Montero Pilar Molina Jose Francisco Lodeiro Francisco Mouttaqi Abdellah Chaib Mustapha Bea Fernando lgage Département de GéologieFacultédes Sciences Ben M’sikHassan II University of CasablancaB.P.5366MaarifCasablancaMaroc Department of Mineralogy and Petrology University of GranadaCampus FuentenuevaGranada18002Spain Office National des Hydrocarbures et des Mines 5 Avenue Moulay HassanRabatMaroc

The Oulad Dlim Massif,adjacent to the Reguibat Shield in South Morocco was considered up to now as part of the Variscan belt(Mauritanides)with a polyphase geologic history and a complex geodynamic evolution implicating oceans closures and accretion of exotic terranes(Avalonian and Meguman)during the Variscan-Alleghanian orogeny.The use of modern technology to characterize the petrology,the geochemistry and the geochronology of the lithological units forming this region,combined to field surveys has led to an updated geological architecture and different geological history.The Oulad Dlim Massif is mainly a deformed Archean terrane,as recorded by its eastern and western sectors,dominated in its central part by a bimodal felsic-mafic magmatism forming the Ediacaran sector.The study of these magmatic complexes supports strongly the intracontinental origin of this bimodal magmatism vs.the oceanic origin published before in literature.The exploration of this massif conducted also to the identification of a Silurian-Devonian sector in the western part.Therefore,up to date,different magmatic events lasting from the Meso-Archean to the Cretaceous are recorded in the Oulad Dlim Massif rocks,among them different generations of granitoids are reported.New data on granitoids from the Ediacaran sector are presented in this paper.This recent data demonstrates that Oulad Dlim Massif has been affected by the main Ediacaran–Cambrian extensional event widely documented in other structural domains of Morocco and other parts of North Gondwana.Additionally,the study of the Silurian-Devonian sector rocks highlighted the presence of a Caledonian tectonic event challenging the ideas about the paleogeography of this part of northwestern Africa and its geological evolution during the Paleozoic.However,despite the significant contribution of this extensive survey and the abundance of data on the Oulad Dlim Massif,more studies are required to reconstruct the puzzle at plate tectonic scale.

关键词： Archean Ediacaran bimodal magmatism extension intracontinental rifting Caledonian tectonic event petrology geochemistry

Copper Mineralization in the Lower Cambrian Cover of Jbel N’Zourk (Central Anti Atlas, Morocco): Tectonic-Mineralizations Relationships

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第11期13卷 1195-1219页

作者： Achraf Ait Yazza Ismail Bouskri Mohamed Raji Faouziya Haissen Noura Zoraa lgage Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik Hassan II University Casablanca Morocco SOMIFER Managem Group/Al Mada Casablanca Morocco

The Moroccan Anti-Atlas is a vast geological region composed of a Precambrian basement covered by a late-Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic sedimentary sequences. More than 200 copper occurrences are listed in these sequences. The copper mineralization of the Jbel N’Zourk (Central Anti-Atlas) is observed into the lower Limestones of the lower Cambrian (Adoudou formation), just above the volcanic formations of the Jbel Boho between Bou Azzer El Graara and Zenaga inliers. The region is by an E-W shortening resulting in an overlapping structure with vergence associated with folds. Generally, the mineralization is hosted along the principal fault of Jbel N’Zourk and sometimes in the anticlines hinges. The petrographic study showed that the mineralization can be observed in several aspects, either in the fractures and veins, in small karsts or rarely disseminated in calcite and dolomite minerals. These observations host new arguments who contribute to a later reconcentration of the copper mineralization of Jbel N’Zourk, trapped on faulted and folded structures attributed to Variscan deformation.

关键词： Central Anti-Atlas Lower Cambrian Cover Copper Mineralization Structural

Plio-Quaternary Volcanism in Northeastern Morocco: Petrography and Geochemistry of Outcrops with High Geothermal Potential

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第11期12卷 829-869页

作者： Redouane Meryem Haissen Faouziya Zhang Cong Sadki Othman Raji Mohammed lgage Faculty of Sciences Ben Msik Casablanca Morocco Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China National Office of Hydrocarbons and Mines Rabat Morocco

Cenozoic volcanic activity in Morocco started in the Miocene and proceeded, after a short break, during Pliocene and Quaternary. Calc-alkaline magmatic activity occurred first and was accompanied by the eruption of transitional lavas, followed by Plio-Quaternary alkali basaltic activity, which was emplaced within Neogene sedimentary basins of the Rif belt and its foreland. From calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism, passing through a transitional term, volcanic activities in Morocco formed magnificent outcrops, very diversified in their affinities, their mineral compositions and their geochemistry. The petrographic study and geochemistry of Plio-quaternary volcanic rocks in the areas with high geothermal potential in northeast of Morocco show a dominance of Na-rich basaltic rocks (basanites, basalts, tephrites and basaltic trachy-andesites), followed by trachy-andesites. Most of the samples exhibit an enrichment of large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) over high-field-strength elements (HFSEs). These results were used to test the global model of Circum-Mediterranean Anorogenic Cenozoic Igneous Province (CiMACI) and the regional model of [1].

关键词： Cenozoic Basaltic Activity Northeast of Morocco Alkaline CiMACI

Integrating Aster Images Processing and Fieldwork for Identification of Hydrothermal Alteration Zones at the Oumjrane-Boukerzia District, Moroccan Anti-Atlas

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第2期13卷 171-188页

作者： Lhoussayn Ouhoussa Abdessamade Ghafiri Lakhlifa Ben Aissi Brahim Es-Sabbar lgage Laboratory Department of Geology Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sick University Hassan II Casablanca Morocco Applied Geology Laboratory Department of Geosciences Faculty of Sciences and Technics Moulay Ismail University Errachidia Morocco

Mapping from remote sensing has become more effective in the field of geology, mainly in lithological discrimination and identification of hydrothermal alteration zones. The use of this technique consists in obtaining information about the rock mass and the main ones existing in the inaccessible areas. Satellite data from the ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) sensor represent a favorable potential for detecting the spectral signatures of mineral zones and identifying their nature. These data are more reliable in places where the climate is arid with less abundant vegetation, as at the Oumjrane-Boukerzia mining district. This region which is part of the Eastern Anti-Atlas, is composed of several mineralized veins which still require detailed studies and exploration by the technique of remote sensing. In this work we applied several processing techniques on ASTER imagery such as Colored Composition, Principal Component Analysis and Ratio Bands. The use of the reports of the specialized Bands makes it possible to identify some hydrothermal alteration minerals within the mining district of Oumjrane Boukerzia. These minerals are represented mainly by iron oxides and hydroxides (Hematite, jarosite, limonite and goethite), carbonate minerals (dolomite, calcite), clay minerals (Illite, kaolinite and chlorite) and quartz minerals. This work allows us to produce a map of hydrothermal alteration zones which can be used as a valuable reference in the strategy of mining exploration for the base metals (Cu, Pb, Zn and Ba), in the mining district of Oumjrane-Boukerzia and in the entire Eastern Anti-Atlas.

关键词： Anti-Atlas Oumjrane-Boukerzia Alteration Mineral ASTER Remote Sensing

Lineaments Extraction and Analysis Using Landsat 8 (OLI/TIRS) in the Northeast of Morocco

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第5期12卷 333-357页

作者： Meryem Redouane Hicham Si Mhamdi Faouziya Haissen Mohammed Raji Othman Sadki lgage Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sik Hassan II University of Casablanca Casablanca Morocco LAG Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Moulay Isma&#239 l University Errachidia Morocco National Office of Hydrocarbons and Mines Rabat Morocco

Northeastern Morocco is made up of several units belonging to the Alpine belt and its foreland. Miocene to plio-quaternary volcanic rocks with variable mineralogy and geochemistry dominate the geology of this region. The presence of active faults in different directions explains the high tectonic instability and the high frequency of earthquakes. This study contributes to the effort of understanding the geothermal potential of the Northeast of Morocco. Heat source and permeability are both key factors in the geothermal process. Indeed, lineaments analysis constrains the structures and their directions and indicates severely faulted zones, which are the most promising areas for geothermal exploration. For this purpose, we used Landsat data combined with geological and structural maps available in this region. Different image processing techniques were applied including band ratio (6/2) and directional filters. To validate the results, we conducted a comparative study between linear structures, available geological data, and previous studies. Results of the automatic extraction method of lineaments from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS indicate three main lineament systems: 1) a NE-SW system ranging from N40 to N70;2) an N-S system ranging from N10 to N45;3) an EW to WNW-ESE systems ranging from N80 to N120. Most of lineaments extracted are localized in Kebdana, Amejjaou, Nador and Melilla regions. Compared to previous studies, the NE-SW system is consistent with an extensive period (Tortonian to Pliocene);the NW-SE system is consistent with the last compressive episode (Pliocene);the N-S system is consistent with the first compressive period (Late/End Tortonian).

关键词： Northeastern Morocco Rif Belt Faults Miocene-Plio Quaternary Volcanism Permeability Lineaments Landsat 8 (OLI/TIRS)

Meso-Archean to Mid-Paleozoic granitoids in Oulad Dlim Massif(The Pericratonic terrane of the Reguibat Shield， West African Craton， Morocco): Petrology， Geochemistry， Geochronology and geological implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年

作者： Haissen F Montero P Molina JF Lodeiro F Mouttaqi A Chaib M Bea F lgage， Département de Géologie， Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik， Hassan II University of Casablanca Department of Mineralogy and Petrology， University of Granada

The Oulad Dlim Massif， adjacent to the Reguibat Shield in South Morocco was considered up to now as part of the Variscan belt (Mauritanides) with a polyphase geologic history and a complex geodynamic evolution implicating oceans closures and accretion of exotic terranes (Avalonian and Meguman) during the Variscan-Alleghanian orogeny. The use of modern technology to characterize the petrology， the geochemistry and the geochronology of the lithological units forming this region， combined to field surveys has led to an updated geological architecture and different geological history. The Oulad Dlim massif is mainly a deformed Archean terrane， as recorded by its eastern and western sectors， dominated in its central part by a bimodal felsic-mafic magmatism forming the Ediacaran sector. The study of these magmatic complexes supports strongly the intracontinental origin of this bimodal magmatism vs the oceanic origin published before in literature. The exploration of this Massif conducted also to the identification of a Silurian-Devonian sector in the Western part. Therefore， up to date， different magmatic events lasting from the Meso-Archean to the Cretaceous are recorded in the Oulad Dlim Massif rocks， among them different generations of granitoids are reported. New data on granitoids from the Ediacaran sector are presented in this paper. This recent data demonstrates that Oulad Dlim Massif has been affected by the main Ediacaran-Cambrian extensional event widely documented in other structural domains of Morocco and other parts of North Gondwana. Additionally， the study of the Silurian-Devonian sector rocks highlighted the presence of a Caledonian tectonic event challenging the ideas about the paleogeography of this part of Northwestern Africa and its geological evolution during the Paleozoic. However， despite the significant contribution of this extensive survey and the abundance of data on the Oulad Dlim Massif， more studies are required to reconstruct the puzzle at plate tectonic scale.

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