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Proactive Resilience Enhancement of Power Systems with Link Transmission Model-based Dynamic Traffic Assignment Among Electric Vehicles

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1320-1330页

作者： Haoyuan Yan Tianyang Zhao Zhanglei Guan Energy Electricity Research center Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Energy Research Institute Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore IEEE

The rapid development of electric vehicles(EVs)is strengthening the bi-directional interactions between electric power networks(EPNs)and transportation networks(TNs)while providing opportunities to enhance the resilience of power systems towards extreme *** quantify the temporal and spatial flexibility of EVs for charging and discharging,a novel dynamic traffic assignment(DTA)problem is *** DTA problem is based on a link transmission model(LTM)with extended charging links,depicting the interaction between EVs and power *** models the charging rates as continuous variables by an energy boundary *** consider the evacuation requirements of TNs and the uncertainties of traffic conditions,the DTA problem is extended to a two-stage distributionally robust *** is further incorporated into a two-stage distributionally robust unit commitment problem to balance the enhancement of EPNs and the performance of *** problem is reformulated into a mixed-integer linear programming problem and solved by off-the-shelf commercial *** studies are performed on two test *** effectiveness is verified by the numerical results,e.g.,reducing the load shedding amount without increasing the unmet traffic demand.

关键词： Coupled transportation and power network link transmission model resilience enhancement

LDAS&ET-AD:Learnable Distillation Attack Strategies and Evolvable Teachers Adversarial Distillation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2331-2359页

作者： Shuyi Li Hongchao Hu Xiaohan Yang Guozhen Cheng Wenyan Liu Wei Guo National Digital Switching System Engineering&technological R&D center The PLA Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou450000China

Adversarial distillation(AD)has emerged as a potential solution to tackle the challenging optimization problem of loss with hard labels in adversarial ***,fixed sample-agnostic and student-egocentric attack strategies are unsuitable for ***,the reliability of guidance from static teachers diminishes as target models become more *** paper proposes an AD method called Learnable Distillation Attack Strategies and Evolvable Teachers Adversarial Distillation(LDAS&ET-AD).Firstly,a learnable distillation attack strategies generating mechanism is developed to automatically generate sample-dependent attack strategies tailored for distillation.A strategy model is introduced to produce attack strategies that enable adversarial examples(AEs)to be created in areas where the target model significantly diverges from the teachers by competing with the target model in minimizing or maximizing the AD ***,a teacher evolution strategy is introduced to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of knowledge in improving the generalization performance of the target *** calculating the experimentally updated target model’s validation performance on both clean samples and AEs,the impact of distillation from each training sample and AE on the target model’s generalization and robustness abilities is assessed to serve as feedback to fine-tune standard and robust teachers *** evaluate the performance of LDAS&ET-AD against different adversarial attacks on the CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 *** experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a robust precision of 45.39%and 42.63%against AutoAttack(AA)on the CIFAR-10 dataset for ResNet-18 and MobileNet-V2,respectively,marking an improvement of 2.31%and 3.49%over the baseline *** comparison to state-of-the-art adversarial defense techniques,our method surpasses Introspective Adversarial Distillation,the top-performing method in terms of robustne

关键词： Adversarial training adversarial distillation learnable distillation attack strategies teacher evolution strategy

Full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 92-99页

作者： Yuan Gao Yu Luo Jingjing Zhang Zhengjie Huang Bin Zheng Hongsheng Chen Dexin Ye Interdisciplinary center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University CNRS-InternationalNTU-Thales Research Alliance Nanyang Technological University Institute of Electromagnetic Space Southeast University State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University International Joint Innovation center The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices&Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang University Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University

Transformation optics(TO) provides an unprecedented technique to control electromagnetic(EM) waves by engineering the constitutive parameters of the surrounding medium through a proper spatial transformation. In general, ideal transformation optical devices require simultaneous electric and magnetic responses along all three dimensions. To ease the practical implementation, previous studies usually made use of reduced parameters or other simplified approaches, which inevitably introduce extra reflection or unwanted phase shift. Up to today, experimental realizations of full-parameter transformation optical devices in free space are still quite limited. Here, a general design strategy is proposed to solve this *** a specific example, a full-parameter spatial-compression TO medium with constitutive parameters taking the diagonal form diag(a, a, 1/a) for the TM wave incidence was designed and realized experimentally. Such spatial-compression TO media were then applied to the implementation of an ideal omnidirectional invisibility cloak capable of concealing a large-scale object over a wide range of illumination angles. Both the simulation and experiment confirm that the cloak allows for nearly unity transmission of EM waves in the forward direction without introducing extra scattering or phase shift. This work constitutes an important stepping stone for future practical implementation of arbitrary full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices.

关键词： transformation optical devices omnidirectional impedance matching full-parameter invisibility cloak

Combining reinforcement learning with mathematical programming:An approach for optimal design of heat exchanger networks

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 63-71页

作者： Hui Tan Xiaodong Hong Zuwei Liao Jingyuan Sun Yao Yang Jingdai Wang Yongrong Yang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and technological Innovation center Hangzhou 311215China

Heat integration is important for energy-saving in the process *** is linked to the persistently challenging task of optimal design of heat exchanger networks(HEN).Due to the inherent highly nonconvex nonlinear and combinatorial nature of the HEN problem,it is not easy to find solutions of high quality for large-scale *** reinforcement learning(RL)method,which learns strategies through ongoing exploration and exploitation,reveals advantages in such ***,due to the complexity of the HEN design problem,the RL method for HEN should be dedicated and designed.A hybrid strategy combining RL with mathematical programming is proposed to take better advantage of both *** insightful state representation of the HEN structure as well as a customized reward function is introduced.A Q-learning algorithm is applied to update the HEN structure using theε-greedy *** results are obtained from three literature cases of different scales.

关键词： Heat exchanger network Reinforcement learning Mathematical programming Process design

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On-Chip Sub-Picometer Continuous Wavelength Fiber-Bragg-Grating Interrogator

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 73-84页

作者： Yuan ZHUANG Jun ZOU Jiqiang ZHANG Lu ZHANG Jiahe ZHANG Leixin MENG Qing YANG Research center for Humanoid Sensing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and technological Innovation center Hangzhou 310014China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Miniaturized fiber-Bragg-grating(FBG)interrogators are of interest for applications in the areas where weight and size controlling is important,e.g.,airplanes and aerospace or in-situ *** ultra-compact high-precision on-chip interrogator is proposed based on a tailored arrayed waveguide grating(AWG)on a silicon-on-insulator(SOI)*** on-chip interrogator enables continuous wavelength interrogation from 1544 nm to 1568 nm with the wavelength accuracy of less than 1 pm[the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 0.73 pm]over the whole wavelength *** chip loss is less than 5 *** 1×16 AWG is optimized to achieve a large bandwidth and a low noise level at each channel,and the FBG reflection peaks can be detected by multiple output channels of the *** fabricated AWG is utilized to interrogate FBG sensors through the center of gravity(CoG)*** validation of an on-chip FBG interrogator that works with sub-picometer wavelength accuracy in a broad wavelength range shows large potential for applications in miniaturized fiber optic sensing systems.

关键词： Fiber optic sensing on-chip interrogator arrayed waveguide grating center of gravity

Optimizing the utilization of maize silage in forage blends-based rations to improve production performance and reduce methane emissions from fattening calves

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 75-81页

作者： Khalid Farooq Asad Sultan Assar Ali Shah Rifat Ullah Khan Rajwali Khan Ghazala Yasmeen Nazir Ahmad Khan Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of AgriculturePeshawar 25130Pakistan Pakistan Scientific and technological Information center(PASTIC) Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This research investigated the effect of various mixtures of maize silage and ryegrass fodder on nutrient digestibility,production performance,and methane(CH4)emission of fattening ***-four fattening calves((228±10)kg body weight(BW),(280±5)d of age)were allocated to 8 diets for 84 d,according to a randomized complete block design,and the blocks were balanced for BW,age,and *** diets consisted of 4 levels of maize silages,i.e.,40%(MS40),50%(MS50),60%(MS60),and 70%(MS70)in the maize silage and ryegrass fodder mixture on a dry matter(DM)basis,and each of the mixture was supplemented with either low(LC,1.0%BW)or high(HC,1.5%BW)levels of fattening *** results revealed greater(p<0.05)intakes of DM(8.35 kg/d),organic matter(OM,7.85 kg/d),and metabolizable energy(ME,12.00 Mcal/d)in calves fed with MS70-LC *** highest(p<0.05)digestibility(g/100 g)of DM(65.2),OM(67.3),crude protein(69.1),and neutral detergent fibre(56.3)was recorded for MS40-HC *** maximum(p<0.05)average daily gain(ADG,571 g/d)was recorded for diet *** lowest value(p<0.05)of CH4 emission was recorded in MS70-LC,MS70-HC,and MS60-HC as compared to other *** 70%maize silage in the ryegrass-maize silage based diet improved ADG by 174 g/d with LC *** is concluded that the optimum inclusion level of maize silage and ryegrass in the fattening ration can improve animal production performance and reduces CH4 production and concentrate requirements of fattening calves.

关键词： average daily gain farm-grown forages forage mixture fattening calves maize silage ryegrass fodder

Three-dimensional nanoscale vortex line visualization and chiral nanostructure fabrication of tightly focused multi-vortex beams via direct laser writing

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 70-77页

作者： MENGDI LUO JISEN WEN PENGCHENG MA QIUYUAN SUN XIANMENG XIA GANGYAO ZHAN ZHENYAO YANG LIANG XU DAZHAO ZHU CUIFANG KUANG XU LIU Research center for Intelligent Chips and Devices Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and technological Innovation center Hangzhou 311200China

Optical singularity is pivotal in nature and has attracted wide interest from many disciplines nowadays,including optical communication,quantum optics,and biomedical *** vortex lines formed by phase singularities and fabricating chiral nanostructures using the evolution of vortex lines are of great *** this paper,we introduce a promising method based on two-photon polymerization direct laser writing(2PP-DLW)to record the morphology of vortex lines generated by tightly focused multi-vortex beams(MVBs)at the *** to Gouy phase,the singularities of the MVBs rotate around the optical axis and move towards each other when approaching the focal *** propagation dynamics of vortex lines are recorded by 2PP-DLW,which explicitly exhibits the evolution of the phase ***,the MVBs are employed to fabricate stable three-dimensional chiral nanostructures due to the spiral-forward property of the vortex *** of the obvious chiral features of the manufactured nanostructures,a strong vortical dichroism is observed when excited by the light carrying orbital angular momentum.A number of applications can be envisioned with these chiral nanostructures,such as optical sensing,chiral separation,and information storage.

关键词： vortex chiral singularity

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Six types of spin solitons in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 57-65页

作者： Yu-Hao Wang Ling-Zheng Meng Li-Chen Zhao School of Physics Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127China School of Science Xi'an Technological UniversityXi'an 710032China Peng Huanwu center for Fundamental Theory Xi'an 710127China

Exact analytical solutions are good candidates for studying and explaining the dynamics of solitons in nonlinear *** further extend the region of existence of spin solitons in the nonlinearity coefficient space for the spin-1 Bose-Einstein *** types of spin soliton solutions can be obtained,and they exist in different *** analysis and numerical simulation results indicate that three types of spin solitons are stable against weak *** non-integrable properties of the model can induce shape oscillation and increase in speed after the collision between two spin *** results further enrich the soliton family for non-integrable models and can provide theoretical references for experimental studies.

关键词： Bose-Einstein condensate non-integrable spin soliton exact analytical solution

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Heterogeneous integration of 2D materials on Si charge-coupled devices as optical memory

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 190-197页

作者： Zheng BIAN Feng TIAN Zongwen LI Xiangwei SU Tianjiao ZHANG Jialei MIAO Bin YU Yang XU Yuda ZHAO College of Integrated Circuits Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University

Optical memory integrates the function of optical sensing in memory devices, remarkably promoting the interconnection between sensory and memory terminals. Silicon charge-coupled photodetectors and floating gate memory have been widely used in imaging and storage technologies, respectively. However,the heterogeneous integration of the two devices requires technological innovation and complex electrical connections. In this work, we adopt a three-dimensional layer stacking method to design a novel optical memory device. On the top of Si charge-coupled photodetectors, we successively deposit two-dimensional graphene,hexagonal boron nitride, and molybdenum disulfide as a floating gate layer, a tunneling layer, and a readout layer, respectively. By applying a gate bias on lightly doped Si, a deep depletion layer is formed with a high voltage potential drop. Under dark conditions, the depletion layer cannot be filled, and the electric field across the h-BN tunnel barrier is relatively small. Under light irradiation, the deep depletion layer is gradually filled, and the h-BN tunneling layer withstands the increasing electric field, resulting in charge storage in the floating gate layer. Based on this mechanism, the device exhibits a gate voltage-dependent operation mode, including an integrated optical sensing-memory mode and an electrically driven storage mode. Under moderate gate voltage, the device can effectively detect the optical information with varied intensity and store the optical information in the floating gate, displaying optically controlled memory characteristics. Our work demonstrates a compact device structure for optical memory and displays excellent optically controlled memory performance, which can be applied in artificial vision systems.

关键词： heterogeneous integration charge-coupled device floating gate optical memory molybdenum disulfide lightly doped silicon

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