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Using Leading Indicators to Improve Project Performance Measurement

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第5期28卷 529-554页

作者： Li Zheng Claude Baron Philippe Esteban Rui Xue Qiang Zhang Shanlin Yang laas-cnrs Université de Toulouse Toulouse France School of Management Hefei University of Technology HefeiChina

Project performance measurement offers a wide range of methods to help project managers monitor ***,several critical issues remain in project performance measurement,such as an unbalanced use of indicators due to a lack of prediction-based (leading) indicators with regard to outcome-based (lagging) *** its part,systems engineering measurement,although a more recent discipline,offers a wide variety of indicators,including a set of leading *** our objective is to increase project performance and success rates,this involves improving project performance measurement on which project management decisions are *** purpose,the proposal put forward in this paper is to extend the number and type of indicators used in project performance measurement by adapting the leading indicators defined in systems engineering *** methodology involves first mapping the systems engineering indicators with the project management activities,resulting in identification of a set of potentially useful indicators for measuring the different activities,then tailoring a selection of these indicators with project-specific data to define a set of the most relevant indicators for a given *** methodology is illustrated by means of a case study in a manufacturing company.

关键词： Project performance measurement systems engineering measurement leading indicators lagging indicators

On the Centre of Mass Motion in Human Walking

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2017年第5期14卷 542-551页

作者： Justin Carpentier Mehdi Benallegue Jean-Paul Laumond laas-cnrs University of Toulouse Humanoids Research Group National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

The center of mass （CoM） is a key descriptor in the understanding and the analysis of bipedal locomotion. Some approaches are based on the premise that humans minimize the CoM vertical displacement. Other approaches express walking dynamics through the inverted pendulum model. Such approaches are contradictory in that they lead to two conflicting patterns to express the CoM motion： straight line segments for the first approaches and arcs of a circle for the second ones. In this paper, we show that CoM motion is a trade-off between both patterns. Specifically, CoM follows a ＂curtate cycloid＂, which is the curve described by a point rigidly attached to a wheel rolling on a flat surface. We demonstrate that all the three parameters defining a curtate cycloid only depend on the height of the subjects.

关键词： Human locomotion analytical model centre of mass locomotion signature synergies.

Rapid prototyping of a polymer MEMS dropletdispenser by laser-assisted 3D printing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第4期9卷 211-221页

作者： Rémi Courson Oleksii Bratash Ali Maziz CloéDesmet Ricardo Alvarado Meza Loïc Leroy Elodie Engel Arnaud Buhot Laurent Malaquin Thierry Leïchlé laas-cnrs Universitéde ToulouseCNRS31400 ToulouseFrance UniversitéGrenoble Alpes CNRSCEAIRIGSyMMES38000 GrenobleFrance Georgia Tech−cnrs International Research Laboratory AtlantaGA 30332USA

In this work, we introduce a polymer version of a previously developed silicon MEMS drop deposition tool for surfacefunctionalization that consists of a microcantilever integrating an open fluidic channel and a reservoir. The device isfabricated by laser stereolithography, which offers the advantages of low-cost and fast prototyping. Additionally,thanks to the ability to process multiple materials, a magnetic base is incorporated into the cantilever for convenienthandling and attachment to the holder of a robotized stage used for spotting. Droplets with diameters ranging from∼50 μm to ∼300 μm are printed upon direct contact of the cantilever tip with the surface to pattern. Liquid loading isachieved by fully immersing the cantilever into a reservoir drop, where a single load results in the deposition of morethan 200 droplets. The influences of the size and shape of the cantilever tip and the reservoir on the printing outcomeare studied. As a proof-of-concept of the biofunctionalization capability of this 3D printed droplet dispenser,microarrays of oligonucleotides and antibodies displaying high specificity and no cross-contamination are fabricated,and droplets are deposited at the tip of an optical fiber bundle.

关键词： cantilever reservoir printing

Probabilistic Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Continuously Varying Partial Shading Conditions on Autonomous PV Systems

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Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 21-42页

作者： Kha Bao Khanh Cao Vincent Boitier laas-cnrs University of Toulouse Toulouse France

A photovoltaic (PV) string with multiple modules with bypass diodes frequently deployed on a variety of autonomous PV systems may present multiple power peaks under uneven shading. For optimal solar harvesting, there is a need for a control schema to force the PV string to operate at global maximum power point (GMPP). While a lot of tracking methods have been proposed in the literature, they are usually complex and do not fully take advantage of the available characteristics of the PV array. This work highlights how the voltage at operating point and the forward voltage of the bypass diode are considered to design a global maximum power point tracking (GMPPT) algorithm with a very limited global search phase called Fast GMPPT. This algorithm successfully tracks GMPP between 94% and 98% of the time under a theoretical evaluation. It is then compared against Perturb and Observe, Deterministic Particle Swarm Optimization, and Grey Wolf Optimization under a sequence of irradiance steps as well as a power-over-voltage characteristics profile that mimics the electrical characteristics of a PV string under varying partial shading conditions. Overall, the simulation with the sequence of irradiance steps shows that while Fast GMPPT does not have the best convergence time, it has an excellent convergence rate as well as causes the least amount of power loss during the global search phase. Experimental test under varying partial shading conditions shows that while the GMPPT proposal is simple and lightweight, it is very performant under a wide range of dynamically varying partial shading conditions and boasts the best energy efficiency (94.74%) out of the 4 tested algorithms.

关键词： Photovoltaic PV Global Maximum Power Point Tracking GMPPT Fast Varying Partial Shading Conditions Autonomous PV Systems GMPPT Review

High-sensitivity integrated SiN rib-waveguide long period grating refractometer

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 564-573页

作者： Clement Deleau Han Cheng Seat Olivier Bernal Frederic Surre laas-cnrs Université de ToulouseCNRSINPToulouseFrance James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowUK

In this research, we demonstrate a high-sensitivity integrated silicon nitride long period grating(LPG) refractometer based on a rib waveguide with sinusoidally modulated width. While integrated LPG architectures typically achieve ultrahigh sensitivity only over a narrow optical bandwidth using a phase-matching turning-point optimization technique, our sensor exhibits a very high refractometric sensitivity that was designed to remain constant over a broad operational optical spectral bandwidth. The proposed design method relies on multi-modal dispersion tailoring that consists of homogenizing the spectral behaviors of both group and effective indices of the coupling modes. Experimental results are in agreement with numerical simulations, demonstrating not only a sensitivity reaching 11,500 nm/RIU but, more significantly, also that this sensitivity remains almost constant over a broad spectral range of at least 100 nm around 1550 nm. Additional advantages of the proposed sensor architecture encompass a low temperature sensitivity, down to -0.15 nm/K, and simplicity of the fabrication *** results demonstrate the feasibility of chip-scale photonic integration to achieve both high sensitivity and large dynamic range of the proposed refractometer.

关键词： waveguide simplicity turning

Algorithm and Design Methodology to Develop a PIFA with Optimized Reflection Coefficient for the ISM 868 MHz Band

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Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016年第4期4卷 166-175页

作者： Bouchta Hajjine Christophe Escriba Daniel Medale Jean-Yves Fourniols laas-cnrs Université de Toulouse CNRS INSA Toulouse France

This paper presents a methodological approach to design a printed Inverted F antenna for the ISM 868 MHz band. For this design, the ground plane dimensions were kept fixed and the meandered radiating arm was modified to obtain the best compromise integration/performances. This approach was then generalized to design meandered printed inverted F antennas.

关键词： Design Algorithm Meandered Antenna PIFA ISM Integration Reflection Coefficient

Control of light emission of quantum emitters coupled to silicon nanoantenna using cylindrical vector beams

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第10期12卷 2248-2255页

作者： Martin Montagnac Yoann Brûlé Aurélien Cuche Jean-Marie Poumirol Sébastien J.Weber Jonas Müller Guilhem Larrieu Vincent Larrey Franck Fournel Olivier Boisron Bruno Masenelli Gérard Colas des Francs Gonzague Agez Vincent Paillard CEMES-cnrs Universitéde ToulouseToulouseFrance ICB Universitéde BourgogneCNRSDijonFrance laas-cnrs Universitéde ToulouseToulouseFrance CEA-LETI UniversitéGrenoble-AlpesGrenobleFrance Universitéde Lyon UniversitéLyon 1CNRS UMR 5510ILMVilleurbanneFrance Universitéde Lyon INSA LyonCNRSEcole Centrale de LyonUniversitéLyon 1CPEUMR 5270INLVilleurbanneFrance Bruno Masenelli

Light emission of europium(Eu^(3+))ions placed in the vicinity of optically resonant nanoantennas is usually controlled by tailoring the local density of photon states(LDOS).We show that the polarization and shape of the excitation beam can also be used to manipulate light emission,as azimuthally or radially polarized cylindrical vector beam offers to spatially shape the electric and magnetic fields,in addition to the effect of silicon nanorings(Si-NRs)used as *** photoluminescence(PL)mappings of the Eu^(3+)transitions and the Si phonon mappings are strongly dependent of both the excitation beam and the Si-NR *** experimental results of Raman scattering and photoluminescence are confirmed by numerical simulations of the near-field intensity in the Si nanoantenna and in the Eu^(3+)-doped film,*** branching ratios obtained from the experimental PL maps also reveal a redistribution of the electric and magnetic emission *** results show that it could be possible to spatially control both electric and magnetic dipolar emission of Eu^(3+)ions by switching the laser beam polarization,hence the near field at the excitation wavelength,and the electric and magnetic LDOS at the emission *** paves the way for optimized geometries taking advantage of both excitation and emission processes.

关键词： excitation cylindrical spatially

Design, Integration and Characterization of a Tracking Patch: Application to Elderly Monitoring

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E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2016年第3期5卷 57-74页

作者： Bouchta Hajjine Christophe Escriba Daniel Medale Jean-Yves Fourniols laas-cnrs Université de Toulouse CNRS INSA Toulouse France

According to the latest studies, the French population witnesses a high level of elderly. It follows from this phenomenon health troubles, fragility, and for some people suffering from cognitive problems, a daily need of monitoring and tracking in the fugues cases. It is in this context that comes our research program SACHA (Search and Computerize Human Acts). Our ambition is to develop an electronic patch able to trigger alarms, detect falls and provide geolocation service. Our studies were focused on the conception and the integration of different antennas and functionalities of this system in aim to ensure a good compromise “integration/performances”. Several prototypes have been tested and validated in a nursing home.

关键词： Monitoring Tracking Patch Integration Fugue Falls Alarm

Functionalized liposomes for targeted breast cancer drug delivery

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 401-437页

作者： Janske Nel Kamil Elkhoury Émilie Velot Arnaud Bianchi Samir Acherar Grégory Francius Ali Tamayol Stéphanie Grandemange Elmira Arab-Tehrany Universitéde Lorraine LIBioF-54000NancyFrance laas-cnrs F-31400ToulouseFrance Universitéde Lorraine CNRSIMoPAF-54000NancyFrance Universitéde Lorraine CNRSLCPMF-54000NancyFrance Universitéde Lorraine CNRSLCPMEF-54000NancyFrance Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT06030USA Universitéde Lorraine CNRSCRANF-54000NancyFrance

Despite the exceptional progress in breast cancer pathogenesis,prognosis,diagnosis,and treatment strategies,it remains a prominent cause of female mortality ***,although chemotherapies are effective,they are associated with critical limitations,most notably their lack of specificity resulting in systemic toxicity and the eventual development of multi-drug resistance(MDR)cancer *** have proven to be an invaluable drug delivery system but of the multitudes of liposomal systems developed every year only a few have been approved for clinical use,none of which employ active *** this review,we summarize the most recent strategies in development for actively targeted liposomal drug delivery systems for surface,transmembrane and internal cell receptors,enzymes,direct cell targeting and dual-targeting of breast cancer and breast cancer-associated cells,e.g.,cancer stem cells,cells associated with the tumor microenvironment,etc.

关键词： Liposomes Breast cancer Anti-cancer agents Targeted drug delivery Surface functionalization Receptor-targeted drug delivery