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Global public concern of childhood and adolescence suicide:a new perspective and new strategies for suicide prevention in the post-pandemic era

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第9期20卷 872-900页

作者： Soeun Kim Jaeyu Park Hyeri Lee Hayeon Lee Selin Woo Rosie Kwon Sunyoung Kim Ai Koyanagi Lee Smith Masoud Rahmati Guillaume Fond Laurent Boyer Jiseung Kang Jun Hyuk Lee Jiyeon Oh Dong Keon Yon Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Precision Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Regulatory Science Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea department of Family Medicine Kyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea research and Development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DeuBarcelonaSpain Centre for Health Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK department of Physical Education and Sport sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran department of Physical Education and Sport sciences Faculty of Literature and HumanitiesVali-e-Asr University of RafsanjanRafsanjanIran CEReSS-Health Service research and Quality of Life Center Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de MarseilleAix Marseille UniversityMarseilleFrance department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA Division of Sleep Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Health and Human Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA department of Medicine Kyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Pediatrics Kyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of Medicine23 Kyungheedae-roDongdaemun-guSeoul02447South Korea

Background Suicide is the second leading cause of death in young people worldwide and is responsible for about 52,000 deaths annually in children and adolescents aged 5-19 ***,social,psychological,and behavioral factors play important roles in suicide *** traumatic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic may contribute to suicidal behaviors in young people,there is a need to understand the current status of suicide in adolescents,including its epidemiology,associated factors,the influence of the pandemic,and management *** sources We investigated global and regional suicide mortality rates among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years using data from the Global Burden of Diseases,Injuries,and Risk Factors Study(GBD)*** suicide mortality rates from 1990 to 2019 were examined in 204 countries and territories across six World Health Organization(WHO)***,we utilized electronic databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus,and employed various combinations of terms such as“suicide”,“adolescents”,“youth”,“children”,“risk factors”,“COVID-19 pandemic”,“prevention”,and“intervention”to provide a narrative review on suicide within the pediatric population in the post-pandemic *** Despite the decreasing trend in the global suicide mortality rate from 1990 to 2019,it remains *** mortality rates from suicide by firearms or any other specified means were both greater in ***,Southeast Asia had the highest suicide rate among the six WHO *** COVID-19 pandemic seems to contribute to suicide risk in young people;thus,there is still a strong need to revisit appropriate management for suicidal children and adolescents during the *** The current narrative review integrates up-to-date knowledge on suicide epidemiology and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic,risk factors,and intervention *** numerous studies have characterized trends in suicide among young people during the

关键词： COVID-19 Global Pandemic Suicide Children Adolescents

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Inhibiting scar formation via wearable multilayer stacked electret patch:Self-creation of persistent and customizable DC electric field for fibrogenic activity restriction

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InfoMat 2024年第3期6卷 66-80页

作者： Sung-Won Kim Sumin Cho Donghan Lee Jiyu Hyun Sunmin Jang Inwoo Seo Hyun Su Park hee Jae Hwang Hyung-Seop Han Dae Hyeok Yang Heung Jae Chun Suk Ho Bhang Dongwhi Choi School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea department of Mechanical Engineering(Integrated Engineering Program) Kyung Hee UniversityYonginGyeonggiRepublic of Korea Biomaterials research Center Biomedical Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)SeoulRepublic of Korea department of Medical Life sciences College of MedicineInstitute of Cell and Tissue EngineeringThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea

Electrical stimulation has recently received attention as noninvasive treatment in skin wound healing with its outstanding biological property for clinical set***,the complexity of equipment for applying appropriate electrical stimulation remains an ongoing ***,we proposed a strategy for skin scar inhibition by providing electrical stimulation via a multilayer stacked electret(MS-electret),which can generate direct current(DC)electric field(EF)without any power supply *** addition,the MS-electret can easily control the intensity of EFs by simply stacking electret layers and maintain stable EF with the surface potential of 3400 V over 5 days owing to the injected charges on the electret *** confirmed inhibition of type 1 collagen andα-SMA expression of human dermal fibroblasts(hDFs)by 90%and 44%in vitro,indicating that the transition of hDFs to myofibroblasts was restricted by applying stable electrical *** further revealed a 20%significant decrease in the ratio of myofibroblasts caused by the MS-electret in *** findings present that the MS-electret is an outstanding candidate for effective skin scar inhibition with a battery-free,physiological electrical microenvironment,and noninvasive treatment that allows it to prevent external infection.

关键词： DC electric field dermal fibroblasts electret scar formation restriction self-creation of electrical stimulation

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National trends in sexual intercourse and usage of contraception among Korean adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第9期20卷 935-948页

作者： Jun Hyuk Lee Myeongcheol Lee Hojae Lee Jaeyu Park Sunyoung Kim Ai Koyanagi Lee Smith Min Seo Kim Guillermo F.López Sánchez Elena Dragioti Masoud Rahmati Jiseung Kang Hans Oh Dong Keon Yon Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Health and Human Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA department of Regulatory Science Kyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea department of Family Medicine Kyung Hee University Medical CenterKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea research and Development Unit Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de DeuBarcelonaSpain Centre for Health Performance and WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK Cardiovascular Disease Initiative Broad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department of Public Health SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Pain and Rehabilitation Centre Department of Medical and Health SciencesLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden research Laboratory Psychology of Patients Department of NursingSchool of Health SciencesFamiliesand Health ProfessionalsUniversity of IoanninaIoanninaGreece department of Physical Education and Sport sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran department of Physical Education and Sport sciences Faculty of Literature and HumanitiesVali-E-Asr University of RafsanjanRafsanjanIran department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts GeneralHospitalBostonMAUSA Division of Sleep Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA department of Pediatrics Kyung Hee University College of Medicine23 Kyungheedae-RoDongdaemun-guSeoul02447South Korea Present Address:CEReSS-Health Service research and Quality of Life Center Aix-Marseille UniversityMarseilleFrance

Background The exact influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual intercourse and usage of contraception remains largely uncharted *** bridge this gap in knowledge,we conducted a comprehensive,cross-sectional examination of long-term trends in the prevalence of sexual intercourse and usage of contraception among South Korean adolescents from 2006 to *** In our research,we drew upon data encompassing 1,138,799 South Korean adolescents aged 12 to 18 years,derived from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey(KYRBS)over a period spanning from 2006 to *** focused on the prevalence of sexual intercourse,contraception utilization,and the underlying associated factors among this *** KYRBS data was collected using a complex sampling strategy to determine the national prevalence estimates and shifts in prevalence before(2006-2019)and during(2020-2022)the COVID-19 pandemic *** During the pre-pandemic period,a decrease in adolescent sexual intercourse was observed(6.34%in 2006,5.53%in 2012,and 5.87%in 2019).However,in the post-pandemic period(2020-2022),there was a surge in sexual intercourse(4.55%in 2020 and 6.20%in 2022).This evident alteration in sexual intercourse trajectory between pre-and post-pandemic periods was statistically significant[βdiff,0.950;95%confidence interval(CI),0.756-1.144].Regarding contraceptive use among South Korean adolescents,there was an increase in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic phase across all demographic segments(14.61%in 2006,22.30%in 2012,and 47.69%in 2022)but a notable decline when compared with the pre-and post-pandemic periods(βdiff,-0.319;95%CI,-0.454 to-0.184).Additionally,during the study period,a decrease in sexual intercourse was observed in the pre-pandemic period(β,-0.129;95%CI,-0.148 to-0.110),followed by an increase in the post-pandemic period(β,0.821;95%CI,0.627 to 1.014).This shift is highlighted by an effect size of 0.96[weighted odds ratio(wOR);95%CI,0.92 to 1.00],indicating a subst

关键词： Adolescent Contraception COVID-19 Pandemic Risky sexual behavior

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Glucose-mediated mitochondrial reprogramming by cholesterol export at TM4SF5-enriched mitochondria-lysosome contact sites

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 47-75页

作者： Ji Eon Kim So-Young Park Chulhwan Kwak Yoonji Lee Dae-Geun Song Jae Woo Jung Haesong Lee Eun-Ae Shin Yangie Pinanga kyung-hee Pyo Eun Hae Lee Wonsik Kim Soyeon Kim Chang-Duck Jun Jeanho Yun Sun Choi Hyun-Woo Rhee Kwang-Hyeon Liu Jung Weon Lee department of Pharmacy College of PharmacySeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea research institute of pharmaceutical sciences College of PharmacySeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea College of Pharmacy Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Natural Product Informatics research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Gangneung-siGangwon-doRepublic of Korea School of Life sciences Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)GwangjuRepublic of Korea department of Biochemistry College of MedicineDong-A UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea Global AI Drug Discovery Center College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesEwha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Background:Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5(TM4SF5)translocates subcellularly and functions metabolically,although it is unclear how intracellu-lar TM4SF5 translocation is linked to metabolic *** is thus of interests to understand how the traffic dynamics of TM4SF5 to subcellular endosomal membranes are correlated to regulatory roles of ***:Here,we explored the metabolic significance of TM4SF5 localization at mitochondria-lysosome contact sites(MLCSs),using in vitro cells and in vivo animal systems,via approaches by immunofluorescence,proximity labelling based proteomics analysis,organelle reconstitution ***:Upon extracellular glucose repletion following depletion,TM4SF5 became enriched at MLCSs via an interaction between mitochondrial FK506-binding protein 8(FKBP8)and lysosomal *** labeling showed molecular clustering of phospho-dynamic-related protein I(DRP1)and certain mitophagy receptors at TM4SF5-enriched MLCSs,leading to mitochondrial fis-sion and ***4SF5 bound NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1(NPC1)and free cholesterol,and mediated export of lysosomal cholesterol to mitochondria,leading to impaired oxidative phosphorylation but intact tri-carboxylic acid(TCA)cycle andβ-*** mouse models,hepatocyte Tm4sf5 promoted mitophagy and cholesterol transport to mitochondria,both with positive relations to liver ***:Our findings suggested that TM4SF5-enriched MLCSs regu-late glucose catabolism by facilitating cholesterol export for mitochondrial reprogramming,presumably while hepatocellular carcinogenesis,recapitulating aspects for hepatocellular carcinoma metabolism with mitochondrial repro-gramming to support biomolecule synthesis in addition to glycolytic energetics.

关键词： cholesterol fluorescent imaging glucose catabolism hepatocellular carcinogenesis mem-brane contact sites mitochondria function mitophagy oxidative phosphorylation protein-protein interaction tetraspanin

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Pan-cancer analysis of RNA 5-methylcytosine reader (ALYREF)

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Oncology research 2024年第3期32卷 503-515页

作者： XING YE ZHOUTING TUO KAI CHEN RUICHENG WU JIE WANG QINGXIN YU LUXIA YE AKIRA MIYAMOTO KOO HAN YOO CHI ZHANG WURAN WEI DENGXIONG LI DECHAO FENG Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer institute Department of MedicineDepartment of Biomedical SciencesCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA90048USA department of Urology The Second Afiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230601China department of Urology Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China department of Pathology Ningbo Diagnostic Pathology Center Ningbo315021China department of Public research Platfom Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Afliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityLinhai317000China department of Rehabilitation West Kyushu UniversityKanzaki shi842-8585Japan department of Urology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul446701South Korea department of Rehabilitation The Afliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuwzhou646000China

The incre asing interest in RNA modifications has signifcantly advanced epigenomic and epitranscriptomic *** study focuses on the immuno oncological impact of ALYREF in human cancer through a pan-cancer analysis,enhancing understanding of this gene's role in *** observed differential ALYREF expression between tumor and normal samples,correl ating strongly with prognosis in various cancers,particularly kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma(KIRP)and liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC).ALYREF showed a negative correlation with most tumor-infitrating cells in lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC)and lymphoid neoplasm difuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBC),while positive correlations were noted in IIHC,kidney chromophobe(KICH),mesothelioma(MESO),KIRP,pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma(PARD),and glioma(GBMLGG).Aditionally,ALYREF expression was closely associated with tumor heterogeneity,stemness indices,and a high mutation rate in TP53 across these *** conclusion,ALYREF may serve as an oncogenic biomarker in numerous cancers,meriting further research attention.

关键词： Pan-cancer RNA 5-methylcytosine ALYREF Immwno-oncological efects

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Comparative efficacy and optimal duration of first-line antibiotic regimens for acute otitis media in children and adolescents:a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 89 randomized clinicaltrials

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 219-229页

作者： Min Seo Kim Jae Han Kim Seohyun Ryu Seung Won Lee Dong Keon Yon Eunyoung Kim Ai Koyanagi Elena Dragioti Jae Il Shin Lee Smith Samsung Advanced institute forHealth sciences&Technology(SAIHST) Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Yonsei University Collegeof Medicine SeoulRepublicof Korea department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonRepublic of Korea Center for Digital Health Medical Science Research InstituteKyung Hee University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Evidence-Based research Laboratory Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical CareCollege of PharmacyChung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM/ISCIII Universitat de BarcelonaFundacio Sant Joan de Déu.Sant Boi de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 23BarcelonaSpain Pain and Rehabilitation Centre and Department of Medical and Health SciencesLinkoping University58185 LinkopingSweden department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineYonsei-ro 50Seodaemun-gu8044Seoul 03722Republic of Korea Centre for Health Performanceand WellbeingAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridge CB11PTUK research Laboratory Psychology of Patients Families&Health ProfessionalsDepartment of NursingSchool of Health SciencesUniversity of IoanninaIoannina 45500Greece

Introduction Antibiotic use for acute otitis media(AOM)is one of the major sources of antimicrobial ***,the effective minimal antibiotic duration for AOM remains ***,guidelines often recommend broad ranges(5-10 days)of antibiotic use,yet the clinical impact of such a wide window has not been *** We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library from database inception to 6 October *** meta-analysis was conducted on randomized controlled trials that assessed antibiotic treatment for AOM in children(PROSPERO CRD42020196107).Results For amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate,7-day regimens were noninferior to 10-day regimens in clinical responses[amoxicillin:risk ratio(RR)0.919(95%CI 0.820-1.031),amoxicillin-clavulanate:RR 1.108(0.957-1.282)],except for≤2 *** the third-generation cephalosporins,7-day and 10-day regimens had similar clinical responses compared to placebo[7-day:RR 1.420(1.190-1.694),10-day:RR 1.238(1.125-1.362)compared to placebo].However,5-day regimens of amoxicillin-clavulanate and third-generation cephalosporins were inferior to 10-day *** to amoxicillin,a shorter treatment duration was tolerable with *** Our findings indicated that 1O days of antibiotic use may be unnecessarily long,while the treatment duration should be longer than 5 ***,5-day regimens would be sufficient for a modest treatment *** findings revealed that the current wide range of recommended antibiotic durations may have influenced the clinical outcome of AOM,and a narrower antibiotic duration window should be re-established.

关键词： Amoxicillin-potassium Amoxicillin Antibacterial agents Cephalosporins Duration of therapy

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Quantitative detection of citrate for early stage diagnosing of prostate cancer:Discriminating normal to cancer in prostate tissues

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 501-506页

作者： Selvaraj Muthusamy Kanagaraj Rajalakshmi Palanisamy Kannan Yun-Sik Nam Dongwei Zhu Yeonggil Seo Jong-Won Song Dong Nyoung Heo Il Keun Kwon Yuanguo Xu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China College of Biological Chemical Sciences and EngineeringJiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314001China Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science & TechnologySeongbuk-guSeoul02792Republic of Korea School of Medicine Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China department of Chemistry Education Daegu UniversityGyeongsan-siGyeongsangbuk-do 38453Republic of Korea department of Dental Materials School of DentistryKyung Hee UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Prostate cancer(PC)biomarker-citrate detection is clinically important to diagnose PC in early *** iodide(Q)conjugated indole-phenylboronic acid(IB)was designed as a red-emissive QIB probe for the detection of citrate through Lewis acid-base reaction and intramolecular charge transfer(ICT)sensing *** acid acts as Lewis acid as well as citrate(Lewis base)recognition *** probe reacted with citrate,showing enhanced red *** the probe has excellent water solubility and great biocompatibility,practical application in biological systems is *** was monitored precisely in the mitochondria organelle(in vitro)of living cells with a positive charge on ***,endogenous(in situ)citrate was detected quantitatively to discriminate non-cancerous and PC mice,observed strong and lower(negligible)emission intensity on non-cancerous and cancerous prostate tissues,***,the concentration of citrate is higher in healthy prostate compared with PC ***,the analysis of sliced prostate tissues can give PC-related information for clinical diagnosis to prevent and treat PC in the initial ***,we believe that the present probe is a promising biochemical reagent in diagnosing PC.

关键词： Prostate cancer Biomarker-citrate Boronic acid Lewis acid/base-ICT Red-emissive Mitochondria targeting Prostate tissue

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A convenient synthesis of methyl 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-4-(substituted phenyl) butanoates from malic acid

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第8期20卷 898-900页

作者： Yong Zhang M. NaseerA. Khan Ping Gong Yong Sup Lee School of pharmaceutical Engineering Shenyang Pharmaceutical University 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District Shenyang 110016 PR China kyung hee east-west pharmaceutical research institute and department of pharmaceutical sciences College of Pharmacy KyungheeUniversity Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea

A synthesis of methyl 2-hydroxy-4-oxo-4-（substituted phenyl）butanoates has been accomplished using Friedel-Crafts acylation of substituted benzenes with 2-acetoxybutanoyl chloride. The key feature of this strategy is that various 4-arylbutanoates can be obtained conveniently, which are important intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active compounds including ACE inhibitors.？2009 Yong Sup Lee. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： 2-Hydroxy-4-oxo-4-phcnylbutanoatcs Malic acid Fricdel-Crafts reaction

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Catalpa bignonioides extract improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第2期14卷 47-54页

作者： Hoibin Jeong Dong-joo Lee Sung-Pil Kwon SeonJu Park Song-Rae Kim Seung Hyun Kim Jae-Il Park Deug-chan Lee kyung-Min Choi WonWoo Lee Ji-Won Park Bohyun Yun Su-Hyeon Cho Kil-Nam Kim Seoul Center Korea Basic Science InstituteSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Chuncheon Center Korea Basic Science InstituteChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea research&Development Center Chungdam CDC JNPharm LLC.Chuncheon 24341Republic of Korea department of Biomedical Technology Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea Yonsei institute of pharmaceutical sciences College of PharmacyYonsei UniversityIncheon 21983Republic of Korea Gwangju Center Korea Basic Science InstituteGwangju 61751Republic of Korea Honam National institute of Biological Resources 99Gohadoan-gilMokpo-siJeollanam-do58762Republic of Korea department of Bio-analysis Science University of Science&TechnologyDaejeon34113Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Catalpa bignonioides fruit extract on the promotion of muscle growth and muscular capacity in vitro and in ***:Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide *** proliferation was assessed using a 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine(BrdU)assay *** blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expressions of related *** effects of Catalpa bignonioides extract were investigated in mice using the treadmill exhaustion test and whole-limb grip strength *** composition analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results:Catalpa bignonioides extract increased the proliferation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling *** also induced metabolic changes,increasing the number of mitochondria and glucose metabolism by phosphorylating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein *** an in vivo study,the extract-treated mice showed improved motor abilities,such as muscular endurance and grip ***,HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid may be the main component of the Catalpa bignonioides extract that enhanced muscle ***:Catalpa bignonioides improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles,suggesting its potential as an effective natural agent for improving muscular strength.

关键词： Catalpa bignonioides Skeletal muscle Cell proliferation Mitochondria Energy metabolism C2C12

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Neuroprotective effect of the ethanol extract of Artemisia capillaris on transient forebrain ischemia in mice via nicotinic cholinergic receptor

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2018年第6期16卷 428-435页

作者： Huiyoung Kwon Ji Wook Jung Young Choon Lee Jong Hoon Ryu Dong Hyun Kim department of Medicinal Biotechnology College of Health SciencesDong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology College of Herbal Bio-industryDaegu Haany UniversityKyungsan 38610Republic of Korea institute of Convergence Bio-Health Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea department of Life and Nanopharmaeeutical sciences Kyung Hee UniversityKyung Hee UniversitySeou102447Republic of Korea department of Oriental pharmaceutical Science College of PharmacyKyung Hee UniversityKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea kyung hee east-west pharmaceutical research institute Kyung Hee UniversityKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea

Artemisia capillaris Thunberg is a medicinal plant used as a traditional medicine in many cultures. It is an effective remedy for liver problems including hepatitis. Recent pharmacological reports have indicated that Artemisia species can exert various neurological effects. Previously, we reported a memory-enhancing effect of Artemisia species. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of A. capillaris(AC) are still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of an ethanol extract of AC on ischemic brain injury in a mouse model of transient forebrain ischemia. The mice were treated with AC for seven days, beginning one day before induction of transient forebrain ischemia. Behavioral deficits were investigated using the Y-maze. Nissl and Fluoro-jade B staining were used to indicate the site of injury. To determine the underlying mechanisms for the drug, we measured acetylcholinesterase activity. AC(200 mg·kg-1) treatment reduced transient forebrain ischemia-induced neuronal cell death in the hippocampal CA1 region. The AC-treated group also showed significant amelioration in the spontaneous alternation of the Y-maze test performance, compared to that in the untreated transient forebrain ischemia group. Moreover, AC treatment showed a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro. Finally, the effect of AC on forebrain ischemia was blocked by mecamylamine, a nonselective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Our results suggested that in a model of forebrain ischemia, AC protected against neuronal death through the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

关键词： Artemisia capillaris Transient forebrain ischemia Acetylcholinesterase Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

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