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Microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging:super-resolution,non-destructive metrology for semico.ductor devices

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1098-1111页

作者： Jangryul Park Youngsun Choi Soonyang Kwono Youngjun Lee Jiwoong Kim Jae-joon Kim Jihye Lee Jeongho Ahn Hidong Kwak Yusin Yang Taeyong Jo Myungjun Lee Kwangrak Kim Metrology and Inspection Equipment R&D Team Mechatronics ResearchSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea Process Development Department DRAM Process Development TeamSemiconductor R&D CenterSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea Process Development Department Semiconductor R&D CenterSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-rohwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18848Republic of Korea

As semico.ductor devices shrink and their manufacturing processes advance,accurately measuring in-cell critical dimensions(CD)beco.es increasingly *** test element group(TEG)measurements are beco.ing inadequate for representing the fine,repetitive patterns in cell *** non-destructive metrology technologies like optical critical dimension(OCD)are limited due to their large spot diameter of approximately 25μm,which impedes their efficacy for detailed in-cell structural ***,there is a pressing need for small-spot and non-destructive metrology *** address this limitation,we demonstrate a microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging(MAHSI)system,specifically designed for small spot optical metrology with *** microsphere-assisted super-resolution imaging,this system achieves an optical resolution of 66 nm within a field of view of 5.6μm×5.6μ*** approach effectively breaks the diffraction limit,significantly enhancing the magnification of the *** MAHSI system inco.porating hyperspectral imaging with a wavelength range of 400–790 nm,enables the capture of the reflection spectrum at each camera *** achieved pixel resolution,which is equivalent to the measuring spot size,is 14.4 nm/pixel and the magnification is *** MAHSI system enables measurement of local uniformity in critical areas like co.ners and edges of DRAM cell blocks,areas previously challenging to inspect with co.ventional OCD *** our knowledge,this approach represents the first global implementation of microsphere-assisted hyperspectral imaging to address the metrology challenges in co.plex 3D structures of semico.ductor devices.

关键词： metrology resolution enable

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Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein(N-WASP)promotes distant metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via activation of LOXL2

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Onco.ogy Research 2024年第4期32卷 615-624页

作者： HYUNG SUN KIM YUN SUN LEE SEUNG MYUNG DONG HYO JUNG KIM DA EUN LEE HYEON WOONG KANG MYEONG JIN KIM JOON SEONG PARK Department of Surgery Gangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Gibiome co. Ltd.Gyeonggi-doKorea

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is one of the most aggressive solid malignancies.A specific mechanism of its metastasis has not been *** this study,we investigated whether Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein(N-WASP)plays a role in distant metastasis of *** found that N-WASP is markedly expressed in clinical patients with *** analysis showed a notably more distant metastatic pattern in the N-WASP-high group co.pared to the N-WASP-low group.N-WASP was noted to be a novel mediator of epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)via gene expression profile *** of N-WASP in pancreatic cancer cells significantly inhibited cell invasion,migration,and *** also observed positive association of lysyl oxidase-like 2(LOXL2)and focal adhesion kinase(FAK)with the N-WASP-mediated response,wherein EMT and invadopodia function were *** N-WASP and LOXL2 depletion significantly reduced the incidence of liver and lung metastatic lesions in orthotopic mouse models of pancreatic *** results elucidate a novel role for N-WASP signaling associated with LOXL2 in EMT and invadopodia function,with respect to regulation of intercellular co.munication in tumor cells for promoting pancreatic cancer *** findings may aid in the development of therapeutic strategies against pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein(N-WASP)signaling Metastasis Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) Lysyl oxidase-like 2(LOXL2)

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Low-molecular-weight fuco.dan inhibits the proliferation of melanoma via Bcl-2 phosphorylation and PTEN/AKT pathway

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Onco.ogy Research 2024年第2期32卷 273-282页

作者： MINJI PARK CHULHWAN BANG WON-SOO YUN YUN-MI JEONG T&R Biofab co. Ltd.Seongnam-si13487Korea Department of Dermatology Seoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul02706Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Tech University of KoreaSi-heung City15073Korea

Fuco.dan,a sulfate polysaccharide obtained from brown seaweed,has various bioactive properties,including anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer,anti-viral,anti-oxidant,anti-co.gulant,anti-thrombotic,anti-angiogenic,and anti-Helico.acter pylori ***,the effects of low-molecular-weight fuco.dan(LMW-F)on melanoma cell lines and three dimensional(3D)cell culture models are not well *** study aimed to investigate the effects of LMW-F on A375 human melanoma cells and cryopreserved biospecimens derived from patients with advanced *** wave was used to fragment fuco.dan derived from Fucus vesiculosus into smaller *** and live/dead assays showed that LMW-F inhibited cell proliferation in both A375 cells and patientderived melanoma explants in a 3D-printed co.lagen *** PTEN/AKT pathway was found to be involved in the anti-melanoma effects of *** blot analysis revealed that LMW-F reduced the phosphorylation of Bcl-2 at Thr 56,which was associated with the prevention of anti-apoptotic activity of cancer *** findings suggested that LMW-F co.ld enhance anti-melanoma chemotherapy and improve the outco.es of patients with melanoma resistance.

关键词： Low-molecular-weight fuco.dan Melanoma Patient-derived melanoma explants in a 3D-printed co.lagen scaffold Anti-melanoma effect PTEN-AKT-Bcl-2 network

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A highly sensitive electrochemical sensing platform based on Zn-CuGaO@CMK-3 signal amplification for simultaneous detection of the sunset yellow and tartrazine in foods

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yongfeng Chen Rui Gao Yufeng Sun Ruiqiang Wang Geoffrey I.N.Waterhouse Xuguang Qiao Zhixiang Xu co.lege of Food Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Shandong Cayon testing co. LTD. School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland

In this work， a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on Zn-doped co.per gallium oxide@ordered mesoporous carbon (Zn-CuGaO2@CMK-3) for signal amplification was successfully developed for the simultaneous detection of sunset yellow （SY） and tartrazine （TZ） in foods. co.pared with CuGaO2@CMK-3， Zn-CuGaO2@CMK-3 offered enhanced co.ductivity and catalytic properties owing to the improved carrier density， which was beneficial to the electrooxidation of SY and TZ. Under the optimal testing co.ditions， the co.structed Zn-CuGaO2@CMK-3/GCE sensor offered a wide linear co.centration range （0.25 to 100.00 μmol/L） for the detection of both SY and TZ. The limits of detection for SY and TZ were 0.044 μmol/L and 0.059 μmol/L， respectively. Reco.ery experiments were performed in milk， white vinegar and biscuit samples， yielding satisfactory reco.eries （82.70%-114.80%）. Furthermore， the sensor was successfully applied to the determination of the SY and TZ residues in two kinds of carbonated drinks， and the results were nearly co.sistent with those detected by the high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method （P＞0.05）.

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Renewable Energy Development in OAPEC co.ntries: History, Current Status, and Outlook

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2024年第2期13卷 38-56页

作者： Salem Baidas Sematco.Soil and Engineering Material testing co. Kuwait City Kuwait

The renewable energy industry has grown its co.tribution to the global energy mix, particularly in terms of electricity generation. This study investigates the implications of an increasing renewable energy share on OAPEC co.ntries and proposes a co.prehensible policy strategy for the region. Four main topics are discussed: scientific and engineering principles of renewable energy utilization, current strategies for electricity generation in each OAPEC member co.ntry, eco.omic and environmental implications of the energy transition under two future scenarios, as well as political interactions between oil-co.suming and oil-producing co.ntries. Based on this study, realistic and co.t-effective strategies are proposed for OAPEC co.ntries to better leverage their significant renewable energy resources while stabilizing fossil fuel supplies and strengthening their position in the global energy market. To mitigate the negative impacts of the energy transition, OAPEC co.ntries are enco.raged to take the following steps: 1) Developing renewable energy in co.junction with fossil fuel resources to reduce local demand for fossil fuel and increase the supply for exportation;2) Reviewing eco.omic policies, environmental regulations, and carbon taxes imposed by oil-co.suming co.ntries;3) Increasing investment in renewable energy infrastructure;4) co.perating to achieve a balance between eco.omic development and environmental protection.

关键词： OAPEC Renewable Energy Global Energy Mix Solar Energy Wind Energy Fossil Fuel

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A Review of 2023 Supervision Updates of co.metics in China

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China Detergent & co.metics 2024年第2期9卷 18-25页

作者： Li Neng Shanghai WEIPU testing International Group co. Ltd.China

In 2023,multiple supporting documents of the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of co.metics and regulatory requirements for toothpaste were successively *** article provides a detailed introduction to the updates of domestic co.metics regulations in China in 2023,and sorts out the details of the 2023 unqualified co.metics notification and flight inspection issued by regulatory authorities,analyzes the reasons,and helps co.metics co.panies further understand regulatory requirements,implement the main responsibility of co.metics quality and safety,and respond to changes in co.metics regulatory policies,so as to avoid being notified of unqualified products,eco.omic and reputation losses as much as possible.

关键词： co.metic toothpaste regulatory status review

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Carbon Capture Technologies in OAPEC Member co.ntries and the Circular Carbon Eco.omy: A Roadmap to Zero Emissions by 2050

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2024年第2期13卷 25-37页

作者： Salem Baidas Sematco.Soil and Engineering Material testing co. Kuwait City Kuwait

Several Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting co.ntries (OAPEC) member states (OMSs) have updated their nationally determined co.tributions (NDCs) with the aim of achieving zero carbon emissions by 2050. Carbon neutrality requires shifting from a linear carbon eco.omy (LCE) to a circular carbon eco.omy (CCE). Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, including reduction, recycle, reuse, removal, and storage technologies, represent an important strategy for achieving such a shift. Herein, we investigate the effects of CCS technology adoption in six OMSs—namely the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait, Algeria, and Iraq—by examining their Circular Carbon Eco.omy Index (CCEI) sco.es, which reflect co.pliance with CCE-transition policies. Total CCEI, current performance CCEI dimension, and future enabler CCEI dimensions sco.es were co.pared among the aforementioned six OMSs and relative to Norway, which was used as a global-high CCEI reference standard. Specifically, CCEI general sco.e and CCEI oil sco.e dimension sco.es were co.pared. The KSA, Qatar, the UAE, and Kuwait had higher CCEI sco.es than Algeria and Iraq, reflecting their greater adoption of CCE-transition policies and greater emission-reducing modernization investments. The current performance CCEI sco.es of Algeria and Iraq appear to be buttressed to some extent by their greater natural carbon sink resources. Based on the findings, we reco.mend specific actions for OMSs to enhance their CCE transitions and mitigate the negative impacts associated with the associated investments, including: taking rapid practical steps to eliminate carbon oil industry emissions;detailed CCS planning by national oil co.panies;international co.peration and co.rdination;and increased investment in domestic CCS utilization infrastructure.

关键词： OAPEC Petroleum Fossil Fuels Carbon Capture and Storage Circular Carbon Eco.omy

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Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation of microspheres with submicron resolution at high-throughput

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 203-216页

作者： Hyunwoo Jeon Song Ha Lee Jongho Shin Kicheol Song Nari Ahn Jinsoo Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-ro Buk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Analytical Engineering Team Samsung Display Co.Ltd.181 Samsung-roTangjeong-myeonAsan-siChungcheongnam-do 31454Republic of Korea

Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation offers many advantages including high throughput and separation *** though the separation efficiency highly depends on precise co.trol of the flow co.ditions,no co.crete guidelines have been reported yet in elasto-inertial ***,we propose a dimensionless analysis for precise estimation of the microsphere behaviors across the interface of Newtonian and visco.lastic *** number,modified Weissenberg number,and modified elastic number are used to investigate the balance between inertial and elastic lift *** on the findings,we introduce a new dimensionless number defined as the width of the Newtonian fluid stream divided by microsphere *** proposed dimensionless analysis allows us to predict whether the microspheres migrate across the co.flow *** theoretical estimation is found to be in good agreement with the experimental results using 2.1-and 3.2-μm-diameter polystyrene microspheres in a co.flow of water and polyethylene oxide *** on the theoretical estimation,we also realize submicron separation of the microspheres with 2.1 and 2.5μm in diameter at high throughput,high purity(>95%),and high reco.ery rate(>97%).The applicability of the proposed method was validated by separation of platelets from similar-sized Escherichia co.i(***).

关键词： solution. separation estimation

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Antioxidant effects of the aqueous extract of turmeric against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in spotted seabass(Lateolabrax maculatus)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 71-77页

作者： Zhe Wang Xiuqin Wang Xueshan Li Kangle Lu Ling Wang Xuekun Ma Kai Song Chunxiao Zhang Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality testing and Safety Evaluation Fisheries College of Jimei UniversityXiamen361021China Guangdong Yuehai Feed Group co. Ltd.GuangdongZhanjiang524000China

Intensive aquaculture-induced oxidative stress is detrimental to fish health and *** plants show promise as natural health boosters and antioxidants in the aquaculture ***,this work investigated the effects of turmeric aqueous extract(TAE)on the growth performance,antioxidant status,and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in spotted seabass(Lateolabrax maculatus).Fish were fed diets supplemented with 0(co.),2(TAE2),or 4(TAE4)g/kg TAE for eight weeks,then were injected with *** results showed that dietary supplementation of TAE did not affect fish growth,feed utilization,or body *** treatment increased liver antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased liver malondialdehyde co.tent and serum levels of glutamate oxalate transaminase,glutamate pyruvate transaminase,and lactate ***,the increases in mortality,liver malondialdehyde co.tent,and serum biomarkers of liver injury in the H2O2-treated fish were inhibited as a co.sequence of the TAE *** addition,TAE treatment activated the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in the liver,supported by the up-regulated expression of nrf2,ho-1,and gclc,and down-regulated keap1 ***,dietary inco.poration of TAE protected against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in spotted seabass probably by enhancing antioxidant capacity through the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.

关键词： Turmeric Medicinal plant Hydrogen peroxide Oxidative stress Lateolabrax maculatus

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Load testing in Bridge Maintenance

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2024年第3期8卷 63-68页

作者： Bo Liu Xu Meng Ji Li Zhi Tu China Merchants Chongqing Highway Engineering testing Center co. LTD.Chongqing 400060China Chongqing co.struction Science Research Inspection and testing co. Ltd.Chongqing 400060China

Highway bridges are a crucial co.ponent in road transportation *** bridges must be maintained acco.ding to usage requirements *** results must be co.sidered before devising a maintenance *** testing is a vital method of assessing the quality and performance of highway *** outco.es of these tests facilitate the formulation of maintenance *** article examines the definition of load testing,its significance,and the process of execution,with the goal of providing support for bridge inspection and maintenance.

关键词： Highway bridge Load test and inspection Bridge maintenance

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