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human Expansion-Induced Biodiversity Crisis over Asia from 2000 to 2020

Research 2024年第2期2023卷 647-658页

作者： Chao Yang Qingquan Li Xuqing Wang Aihong Cui Junyi Chen Huizeng Liu Wei Ma Xuanyan Dong Tiezhu Shi Fanyi Meng Xiaohu Yan Kai Ding Guofeng Wu MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area&Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics&Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Architecture and Urban Planning Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy(SZ) Shenzhen 518107China Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077China Faculty of Land resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China institute for Advanced Study and Tiandu-Shenzhen University Deep Space Joint Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Civil Engineering Chongqing Jjiaotong UniversityChongging 400074China Department of Cil and Environmental Engineering Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579Japan School of Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518055China School of Computer Science and Technology Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523419China

Asia stands out as a priority for urgent biodiversity conservation due to its large protected areas(PAs)and threatened *** the 21st century,both the highlands and lowlands of Asia have been experiencing the dramatic human ***,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity is poorly ***,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity over 2000 to 2020 in Asia at the continental(Asia),national(48 Asian countries),and hotspot(6,502 Asian terrestrial PAs established before 2000)scales is investigated by integrating multiple large-scale *** results show that human expansion poses widespread threat to biodiversity in Asia,especially in Southeast Asia,with Malaysia,Cambodia,and Vietnam having the largest threat degrees(~1.5 to 1.7 times of the Asian average level).human expansion in highlands induces higher threats to biodiversity than that in lowlands in one-third Asian countries(most Southeast Asian countries).The regions with threats to biodiversity are present in~75%terrestrial PAs(including 4,866 PAs in 26 countries),and human expansion in PAs triggers higher threat degrees to biodiversity than that in *** findings provide novel insight for the Sustainable development Goal 15(SDG-15 Life on Land)and suggest that human expansion in Southeast Asian countries and PAs might hinder the realization of *** reduce the threat degree,Asian developing countries should accelerate economic transformation,and the developed countries in the world should reduce the demands for commodity trade in Southeast Asian countries(i.e.,trade leading to the loss of wildlife habitats)to alleviate human expansion,especially in PAs and highlands.

关键词： human terrestrial integrating

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Deafening-induced rapid changes to spine synaptic connectivity in the adult avian vocal basal ganglia

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1136-1146页

作者： Xiaojuan ZHOU Yalan CHEN Jikan PENG Mingxue ZUO Yingyu SUN Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene resource and Molecular development College of Life SciencesBejiing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Chinese institute for Brain Research(CIBR) BeijingChina Technology Center for Protein Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Life Sciences Westlake UniversityHangzhouChina

The basal ganglia have been implicated in auditory-dependent vocal learning and plasticity in human and songbirds,but the underlying neural phenotype remains to be clariﬁ***,using confocal imaging and three-dimensional electron microscopy,we investigated striatal structural plasticity in response to hearing loss in Area X,the avian vocal basal ganglia,in adult male zebraﬁnch(Taeniopygia guttata).We observed a rapid elongation of dendritic spines,by approximately 13%,by day 3 after deafening,and a considerable increase in spine synapse density,by approximately 61%,by day 14 after deafening,compared with the controls with an intact ***ﬁnd-ings reveal structural sensitivity of Area X to auditory deprivation and suggest that this striatal plasticity might contribute to deafening-induced changes to learned vocal behavior.

关键词： basal ganglia dendritic spine songbird synapse vocal plasticity

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On-skin and tele-haptic application of mechanically decoupled taxel array on dynamically moving and soft surfaces

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 964-972页

作者： Se Young Kwon Gyeongsuk Park Hanbit Jin Changyeon Gu Seung Jin Oh Joo Yong Sim Wooseup Youm Taek-Soo Kim Hye Jin Kim Steve Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Electronics and Telecommunications Research institute(ETRI) Daejeon 34129Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Sookmyung Women’s UniversityDaejeon 04313Republic of Korea

To accurately probe the tactile information on soft skin,it is critical for the pressure sensing array to be free of noise and inter-taxel crosstalk,irrespective of the measurement ***,on dynamically moving and soft surfaces,which are common conditions for on-skin and robotic applications,obtaining precise measurement without compromising the sensing performance is a significant challenge due to mechanical coupling between the sensors and with the moving *** this work,multi-level architectural design of micro-pyramids and trapezoid-shaped mechanical barrier array was implemented to enable accurate spatiotemporal tactile sensing on soft surfaces under dynamic ***-off relationship between limit of detection and bending insensitivity was discovered,which was overcome by employing micropores in barrier ***,in-situ pressure mapping on dynamically moving soft surfaces without signal distortion is demonstrated while human skin and/or soft robots are performing complicated tasks such as reading Braille and handling the artificial organs.

关键词： artificial moving dynamically

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Global energy transition revolution and the connotation and pathway of the green and intelligent energy system

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Petroleum Exploration and development 2023年第3期50卷 722-740页

作者： ZOU Caineng MA Feng PAN Songqi ZHAO Qun FU Guoyou ZHANG Guosheng YANG Yichao YU Hao LIANG Yingbo LIN Minjie WANG Ying XIONG Bo LIU Hanlin PetroChina Research institute of Petroleum Exploration&development Beijing 100083China

The essence of energy system transition is the"energy revolution':The development of the"resource-dominated"energy system with fossil energy as the mainstay has promoted human progress,but it has also triggered energy crisis and ecological environment crisis,which is not compatible with the new demands of the new round of scientific and technological revolution,industrial transformation,and sustainable human *** is in urgent need to research and develop a new-type energy system in the context of carbon *** the framework of"technique-dominated"new green and intelligent energy system with"three new"of new energy,new power and new energy storage as the mainstay,the"super energy basin"concepts with the Ordos Basin,Nw China as a representative will reshape the concept and model of future energy exploration and *** view of the"six inequalities"in global energy and the resource conditions of"abundant coal,insufficient oil and gas and infinite new energy"in China,it is suggested to deeply boost"China energy revolution',sticking to the six principles of independent energy production,green energy supply,secure energy reserve,efficient energy consumption,intelligent energy management,economical energy cost;enhance"energy scientific and technological innovation"by implementing technique-dominated"four major science and technology innovation projects',namely,clean coal project,oil production stabilization and gas production increasing project,new energy acceleration project,and green-intelligent energy project;implement"energy transition"by accelerating the green-dominated"four-modernization development',namely,fossil energy cleaning,large-scale new energy,coordinated centralized energy distribution,intelligent multi-energy management,so as to promote the exchange of two 80%s"in China's energy structure and construct the new green and intelligent energy system.

关键词： carbon neutrality new energy energy revolution primitive energy system ancient energy system neoteric energy system modern energy system new-type energy system green and intelligent energy system super energy basin Ordos Basin

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Monkeypox,wild animals,and potential big problem

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Zoological Research 2022年第4期43卷 612-614页

作者： Tian-Zhang Song Yong-Tang Zheng Key Laboratory of Animal Models and human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China National resource Center for Non-human Primates National Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility)Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650107China

A new outbreak of monkeypox virus(MPV)is currently occurring in several regions of the *** the beginning of May 2022,3040 cases have been reported to the World health Organization(WHO)*** of its usual“endemic”base in Africa,the virus has so far been detected in 47 countries,including in Europe,America,Oceania,and Asia,where monkeypox is uncommon or previously *** 25 June 2022,the WHO Emergency Committee declared that the outbreak does not currently constitute a Public health Emergency of International Concern,but unanimously acknowledged the emergency nature of the event and that controlling further spread will require a vigorous ***,new cases of MPV infection have been confirmed in korea,Singapore,and Taiwan,***,a better understanding of MPV and enhanced surveillance are essential for preventing disease recurrence.

关键词： globally Taiwan currently

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Variability and trends of near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan Plateau:The role played by the westerly and Asian monsoon

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 525-536页

作者： Gang-Feng ZHANG Cesar AZORIN-MOLINA Deliang CHEN Tim RMCVICAR Jose AGUIJARRO Kai-Qiang DENG Lorenzo MINOLA Jaeyeon LEE Seok-Woo SON Heng MA Pei-Jun SHI State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control of Ministry of Education Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificaci'on Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı'ficas(CIDECSIC-UV-Generalitat alenciana)ClimateAtmosphere and Ocean Laboratory(Climatoc-Lab)Moncada 46113Spain Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden CSIRO Environment CanberraACT 2600Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes CanberraACT 2600Australia State Meteorological Agency Balearic Islands OfficePalma de Mallorca 07015Spain School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning(DIST) Politecnico and University of TurinTurin 10125Italy School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08544USA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory NOAAPrinceton NJ 08544USA

Near-surface wind speed exerts profound impacts on many environmental issues,while the long-term(≥60 years)trend and multidecadal variability in the wind speed and its underlying causes in global high-elevation and mountainous areas(e.g.,Tibetan Plateau)remain largely ***,by examining homogenized wind speed data from 104 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau for 1961-2020 and ERA5 reanalysis datasets,we investigated the variability and long-term trend in the near-surface wind speed and revealed the role played by the westerly and Asian *** results show that the homogenized annual wind speed displays a decreasing trend(-0.091 m s^(−1)per decade,p<0.05),with the strongest in spring(-0.131 m s^(−1)per decade,p<0.05),and the weakest in autumn(-0.071 m s^(−1)per decade,p<0.05).There is a distinct multidecadal variability of wind speed,which manifested in an prominent increase in 1961-1970,a sustained decrease in 1970-2002,and a consistent increase in *** observed decadal variations are likely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation,and the correlation analysis unveiled a more important role of westerly and East Asian winter monsoon in modulating near-surface wind changes over the Tibetan *** potential physical processes associated with westerly and Asian monsoon changes are in concordance with wind speed change,in terms of overall weakened horizontal air flow(i.e.,geostrophic wind speed),declined vertical thermal and dynamic momentum transfer(i.e.,atmospheric stratification thermal instability and vertical wind shear),and varied Tibetan Plateau *** indicates that to varying degrees these processes may have contributed to the changes in near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan *** study has implications for wind power production and soil wind erosion prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Wind speed Decadal change Atmospheric circulation Physical processes

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Vaporization reduction characteristics of aqueous ammonia solutions by the addition of ethylene glycol, glycerol and glycine to the CO_2 absorption process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第3期24卷 494-498页

作者： Jong-Beom Seo Soo-Bin Jeon Je-Young Kim Gang-Woo Lee Jong-Hyeon Jung Kwang-Joong Oh Department of Environmental Engineering Pusan National University Busan 609735 Korea. Research institute of Industrial Science & Technology Pohang 790330 Korea Research & development institute of Yoosung Co. Ltd. Ulsan 680070 Korea Faculty of health Science Daegu Haany University Daegu 712715 Korea

Aqueous ammonia （NH3） solution can be used as an alternative absorption for the control of CO2 emitted from flue gases due to its high absorption capacity, fast absorption rate and low corrosion problem. The emission of CO2 from iron and steel plants requires much attention, as they are higher than those emitted from power plants at a single point source. In the present work, low concentration ammonia liquor, 9 wt.%, was used with various additives to obtain the kinetic properties using the blast furnace gas model. Although a solution with a high ammonia concentration enables high CO2 absorption efficiency, ammonium ions are lost as ammonia vapor, resulting in reduced CO2 absorption due to the lower concentration of the ammonia absorbent. To decrease the vaporization of ammonia, ethylene glycol, glycerol and glycine, which contain more than one hydroxyl radical, were chosen. The experiments were conducted at 313 K similar to the CO2 absorption conditions for the blast furnace gas model.

关键词： ammonia vaporization blast furnace gas ethylene glycol glycerol glycine

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Glutamic acid supplementation recovers the reduced performance of weanling pigs fed reduced crude protein diets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 249-255页

作者： Santi D.Upadhaya Sang Seon Lee Young Hwa Kim Zhenlong Wu In Ho Kim Department of Animal resource and Science Dankook UniversityNo.29 AnseodongCheonanChoongnam 31116South Korea National institute of Animal Science 114 Sinbangro-1 GilSeongjwan-eupSeobuk-guCheonan-si31000South Korea State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

This study was conducted to evaluate the supplementation of glutamic acid(Glu)to reduced protein diets on the performance of weanling *** hundred and eighty crossbred weanling pigs([YorkshireLandrace]Duroc,21 d old)having similar body weight(BW)of 6.45 kg were randomly allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments(5 pigs per pen[2 barrows and 3 gilts];6 pens per treatment)based on BW and sex during a 6-week *** treatments consisted of positive control(PC)diet formulated to have 226.9,205.6,and 188.8 g crude protein(CP)during phases 1,2,and 3,respectively,and negative control(NC)diets with 20 g CP reduction from PC diets and addition of Glu with increasing levels,resulting in the calculated Lys-to-Glu ratios of 1:2.25,1:2.30.1:2.35,1:2.40,and 1:2.45,designated as NC,NC1,NC2,NC3,and NC4,*** BW of pigs receiving PC diet was higher(P<0.05)than those receiving NC diet at d 7,21 and 42.A higher(P<0.05)average daily gain(ADG)from d 1 to 7,8 to 21,22 to 42 and during the overall experiment period was observed in pigs fed PC than NC *** fed NC diets including the graded level of Glu linearly increased(P<0.05)BW at d 42,ADG and gain-to-feed ratio(G:F)during the overall experimental *** addition,trends in linear increase in BW(P=0.056)at d 7 and ADG from d 1 to 7 and d 22 to 42(linear effect,P=0.081,P=0.058 respectively)were observed.A tendency in the linear increment of NH3(P=0.082)at d 21 and linear reduction in methyl mercaptans(P=0.054)emission at d 42 was observed in pigs fed NC diets supplemented with graded level of *** conclusion,supplementing the reduced protein diet with Glu enhanced the growth performance in weanling pigs suggesting that supplementation of Glu can compensate the reduction of 2%CP in the basal diets.

关键词： Glu Growth performance Reduced protein diet Weanling pig

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Flash‑Induced High‑Throughput Porous Graphene via Synergistic Photo‑Effects for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

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纳微快报:英文版 2023年第11期15卷 1-18页

作者： Jin Soo Lee Jeong‑Wook Kim Jae Hee Lee Yong Koo Son Young Bin Kim Kyoohee Woo Chanhee Lee Il‑Doo Kim Jae Young Seok Jong Won Yu Jung Hwan Park Keon Jae Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak‑roYuseong‑guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak‑roYuseong‑guDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Printed Electronics Nano‑Convergence Manufacturing Systems Research DivisionKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials(KIMM)156 Gajeongbuk‑RoYuseong‑GuDaejeon 34103Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology232 Gongneung‑roNowon‑guSeoul 01811Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering(Department of Aeronautics Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering)Kumoh National Institute of Technology61 Daehak‑roGumiGyeongbuk 39177Republic of Korea

Porous 2D materials with high conductivity and large surface area have been proposed for potential electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials in future mobility and wearable applications to prevent signal noise,transmission inaccuracy,system malfunction,and health ***,we report on the synthesis of lightweight and flexible flash-induced porous graphene(FPG)with excellent EMI shielding *** broad spectrum of pulsed flashlight induces photo-chemical and photo-thermal reactions in polyimide films,forming 5×10 cm^(2)-size porous graphene with a hollow pillar structure in a few *** resulting material demonstrated low density(0.0354 g cm^(−3))and outstanding absolute EMI shielding effectiveness of 1.12×10^(5) dB cm^(2) g^(−1).The FPG was characterized via thorough material analyses,and its mechanical durability and flexibility were confirmed by a bending cycle ***,the FPG was utilized in drone and wearable applications,showing effective EMI shielding performance for internal/external EMI in a drone radar system and reducing the specific absorption rate in the human body.

关键词： Porous graphene Flash lamp Photo-pyrolysis High-throughput Electromagnetic interference shielding

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Improving Method of Anomaly Detection Performance for Industrial IoT Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5377-5394页

作者： Junwon Kim Jiho Shin Ki-Woong Park Jung Taek Seo Department of Information Security Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea Police Science institute Korea National Police UniversityAsan31539Korea SysCore Lab. Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea

Industrial Control System(ICS),which is based on Industrial IoT(IIoT),has an intelligent mobile environment that supports various mobility,but there is a limit to relying only on the physical security of the ICS *** to various threat factors that can disrupt the workflow of the IIoT,machine learning-based anomaly detection technologies are being presented;it is also essential to study for increasing detection performance to minimize model errors for promoting stable ICS *** this paper,we established the requirements for improving the anomaly detection performance in the IIoT-based ICS environment by analyzing the related *** that,we presented an improving method of the performance of a machine learning model specialized for IIoT-based ICS,which increases the detection rate by applying correlation coefficients and clustering;it provides a mechanism to predict thresholds on a ***,we adopted the HAI dataset environment that actively reflected the characteristics of IIoT-based ICS and demonstrated that performance could be improved through comparative experiments with the traditional method and our proposed *** presented method can further improve the performance of commonly applied error-based detection techniques and includes a primary method that can be enhanced over existing detection techniques by analyzing correlation coefficients between features to consider feedback between ICS *** can contribute to improving the performance of several detection models applied in ICS and other areas.

关键词： Industrial IoT industrial control system anomaly detection clustering algorithm correlation coefficient

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