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Efficacy and dose response of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第28期29卷 4451-4465页

作者： Christopher J Martoni Shalini Srivastava Anders Damholt Gregory J Leyer Clinical Development Human HealthChr.Hansen A/SHoersholm 2970Denmark Clinical Development Vedic LifesciencesMumbai 400053India Scientific Affairs Human HealthChr.Hansen A/SHoersholm 2970Denmark

BACKGROUND Probiotics have shown promise in alleviating symptoms of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D);however,the certainty of evidence is *** randomized controlled dose-ranging trials are warranted on promising single-strain *** To investigate the clinical efficacy of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum(***)Lpla33(DSM34428)in adults with *** This is a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multi-center,and doseranging *** hundred and seven adults,18-70 years of age,with IBS-D,according to Rome IV criteria,were allocated(1:1:1)to receive placebo or *** Lpla33 at 1×10^(9)(1B)or 1×10^(10)(10B)colony-forming units/d over an 8-wk intervention *** primary outcome was the change in IBS severity scoring system(IBS-SSS)total score after 8 wk,while secondary and exploratory outcomes included abdominal pain severity,IBS related quality of life,stool and microbial profile,and perceived *** IBS-SSS was significantly reduced,after 8 wk,in participants receiving *** 1B(-128.45±83.30;P<0.001)and *** 10B(-156.77±99.06;P<0.001),compared to placebo(-58.82±74.75).Further,a dose-ranging effect was observed,with a greater absolute reduction in the *** 10B group(P<0.05).A reduction in sub-scores related to abdominal pain,abdominal distension,bowel habits,and quality of life was observed in both *** groups compared to placebo(P<0.001).Further,62.5%and 88.4%of participants administered *** 1B and 10B,respectively,were classified as stool consistency responders based on a reduction in diarrheal stool form,as compared to 26.3%in the placebo group(P<0.001).In contrast,no significant shifts were observed in microbial *** *** Lpla33(DSM34428)is well tolerated and improves IBS symptom severity with a dose-ranging effect and a corresponding normalization of bowel habits in adults with IBS-D.

关键词： Randomized clinical trial Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome Microbiome Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

Urban Forestry Research in Europe-An Overview

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2003年第1期2卷 5-15页

作者： Cecil C.Konijnendijk Thomas B.Randrup Kjell Nilsson Corresponding author:Thomas B. Randrup DFLRI Hoersholm Kongevej 28 DK-2970 Hoersholm Denmark.Fax:+45 45 76 32 33Corresponding author:Thomas B. RandrupDFLRI Hoersholm Kongevej 28 DK-2970 Hoersholm Denmark.Fax:+45 45 76 32 33Danish Forest and Landscape Research Institute Hoersholm Kongevej 11 DK-2970 Hoersholm Denmark

A comprehensive European overview of recent and ongoing research in Europe has been carried out within the framework of COST Action E12 'Urban Forests and Trees', a pan-European research network. This paper presents some of the main findings of a comparative analysis of 20 individual country reports. The analysis shows that research on urban forests and urban trees in Europe has a wide scope and is rather fragmented and uncoordinated. Universities and state research institutes, mostly with a forestry or...

关键词： urban forestry urban forest urban trees research overview Europe

Dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis influenced intestinal health of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic E. coli

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 969-980页

作者： Kwangwook Kim Yijie He Xia Xiong Amy Ehrlich Xunde Li Helen Raybould Edward R.Atwill Elizabeth A.Maga Jens JΦrgensen Yanhong Liu Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA School of Veterinary Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Chr.Hansen A/S HoersholmDenmark

Background: There is growing evidence to support the beneficial effects of supplementing direct-fed microbials(DFM) on performance, health status, and immune responses of weaned pigs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis(DSM 25841) on growth performance, diarrhea, gut permeability and immunity of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic F-18 Escherichia coli(E. coli).Results: The F18 E. coli infection reduced(P < 0.05) growth performance and intestinal villi height, whereas increased(P < 0.05) diarrhea and transcellular and paracellular permeability in the jejunum compared with non-challenged control. Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis linearly enhanced average daily gain of E. coli infected pigs from d 0 to 5 post-inoculation(PI)(P < 0.05) and d 0 to 11 PI(P = 0.058). Supplementation of high dose of Bacillus subtilis reduced(P < 0.05) both transcellular and paracellular permeability on d 5 and d11 PI compared with the E. coli infected pigs fed with control diet. E. coli infection up-regulated(P < 0.05)the m RNA expression of SLC5 A10(soluble carrier family 5 member 10) and MUC2(mucin 2) on d 5 PI, but down-regulated(P < 0.05) expression of SLC5 A10, MUC2, and CLDN1 on d 11 PI in jejunal mucosa when pigs were fed with the control diet. Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis linearly up-regulated(P < 0.05) the m RNA expression of CFTR and ZO1 on d 5 PI and SLC5 A10 and MUC2 on d 11 PI in jejunal mucosa of E. coli infected pigs. In addition, E. coli infection increased(P < 0.05) the m RNA expression of several immune genes(IL1 A, IL1 B, and IL7 on d 5 PI, and IL1 B, IL6, IL7, and TNF on d 11 PI) in the ileal mucosa of weaned pigs. Inclusion of Bacillus subtilis to control diet linearly down-regulated gene expression of IL1 A on d 5 PI(P = 0.07) and IL6 on d 11 PI(P < 0.05) in ileal mucosa of E. coli infected ***: Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis(DSM 25841) enhanced growth r

关键词： Bacillus subtilis Growth rate Gut barrier function Intestinal inflammation Pathogenic Escherichia coli Weaned pigs

Effect of Simulated N Deposition on Soil Exchangeable Cations in Three Forest Types of Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2009年第2期19卷 189-198页

作者： LU Xian-Kai MO Jiang-Ming P.GUNDERSERN ZHU Wei-Xing ZHOU Guo-Yi LI De-Jun ZHANGXu Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhaoqing 526070 China Danish Centre for Forest Landscape and Planning University of Copenhagen Hoersholm Kongevej 11 DK-2970 Hoersholm Denmark Department of Biological Sciences State University of New York Binghamton NY 13902-6000 （USA） Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The effects of simulated nitrogen(N)deposition on soil exchangeable cations were studied in three forest types of subtropical *** N treatments with three replications were designed for the monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest (mature forest):control(0 kg N ha-1 year-1),low N(50 kg N ha-1 year-1),medium N(100 kg N ha-1 year-1)and high N(150 kg N ha-1 year-1),and only three treatments(i.e.,control,low N,medium N)were established for the pine and mixed *** had been applied continuously for 26 months before the *** mature forest responded more rapidly and intensively to N additions than the pine and mixed forests,and exhibited some significant negative symptoms,e.g.,soil acidification,Al mobilization and leaching of base cations from *** pine and mixed forests responded slowly to N additions and exhibited no significant response of soil *** of soil exchangeable cations to N deposition varied in the forests of subtropical China,depending on soil N status and land-use history.

关键词： exchangeable cation forest soil land-use history N deposition subtropics

Response of Nitrogen Leaching to Nitrogen Deposition in Disturbed and Mature Forests of Southern China

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Pedosphere 2009年第1期19卷 111-120页

作者： FANG Yun-Ting M. YOH MO Jiang-Ming P. GUNDERSEN ZHOU Guo-Yi Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station South China Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhaoqing Guangdong 520670 （China） Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo 183-8509 （Japan） Forest ＆ Landscape Denmark Faculty of Life Sciences University of Copenhagen Hoersholm Kongevej 112970 （Denmark）

Current nitrogen (N) leaching losses and their responses to monthly N additions were investigated under a disturbed pine (Pinus massoniana) forest and a mature monsoon broadleaf forest in southern China. N leaching losses from both disturbed and mature forests were quite high (14.6 and 29.2 kg N ha-1 year-1, respectively), accounting for 57% and 80% of their corresponding atmospheric N inputs. N leaching losses were substantially increased following the first 1.5 years of N applications in both forests. The average increases induced by the addition of 50 and 100 kg N ha-1 year-1 were 36.5 and 24.9 kg N ha-1 year-1, respectively, in the mature forest, accounting for 73.0% and 24.9% of the annual amount of N added, and 14.2 and 16.8 kg N ha-1 year-1 in the disturbed forest, accounting for 28.4% and 16.8% of the added N. Great N leaching and a fast N leaching response to N additions in the mature forest might result from long-term N accumulation and high ambient N deposition load (greater than 30 kg N ha-1 year-1 over the past 15 years), whereas in the disturbed forest, it might result from the human disturbance and high ambient N deposition load. These results suggest that both disturbed and mature forests in the study region may be sensitive to increasing N deposition.

关键词： atmospheric N deposition N addition N leaching loss N saturation subtropical forests

Dynamics of soil inorganic nitrogen and their responses to nitrogen additions in three subtropical forests, south China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 752-759页

作者： FANG Yun-ting ZHU Wei-xing MO Jiang-ming ZHOU Guo-yi GUNDERSEN Per Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhaoqing 526070 China Biological Sciences Binghamton University-SUNY Binghamton NY 13902-6000 USA Forest and Landscape Denmark Hoersholm Kongevej 11 2970 Denmark The Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Three forests with different historical land-use, forest age, and species assemblages in subtropical China were selected to evaluate current soil N status and investigate the responses of soil inorganic N dynamics to monthly ammonium nitrate additions. Results showed that the mature monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest that has been protected for more than 400 years exhibited an advanced soil N status than the pine （Pinus massoniana） and pine-broadleaf mixed forests, both originated from the 1930＇s clear-cut and pine plantation. Mature forests had greater extractable inorganic N pool, lower N retention capacity, higher inorganic N leaching, and higher soil C/N ratios. Mineral soil extractable NH4^＋-N and NO3-N concentrations were significantly increased by experimental N additions on several sampling dates, but repeated ANOVA showed that the effect was not significant over the whole year except NH4^＋-N in the mature forest. In contrast, inorganic N （both NH4^＋-N and NO3^--N） in soil 20-cm below the surface was significantly elevated by the N additions. From 42% to 74% of N added was retained by the upper 20 cm soils in the pine and mixed forests, while 0%-70% was retained in the mature forest. Our results suggest that land-use history, forest age and species composition were likely to be some of the important factors that determine differing forest N retention responses to elevated N deposition in the study region.

关键词： N deposition N saturation extractable inorganic N soil solution inorganic N subtropical China

Characterization of electrical properties of resistance welding machines

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China Welding 2008年第3期17卷 24-29页

作者：武佩邵颖丽 WenqiZhang NielsBay School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Huhhot 010018 SWANTEC Software and Engineering ApS Hoersholm DK-2970 Denmark Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management Technical University ot Denmark Lyngby DK-2800 Denmark.

Due to the individual electrical and mechanical characteristics of resistance welding machines, choice of the right machine and welding parameters for an optimized production is often difficult. This is especially the case in projection welding of complex joints. In this paper, a new approach of characterizing the electrical properties of AC resistance welding machines is presented, involving testing and mathematical modelling of the weld current, the firing angle and the conduction angle of silicon controlled rectifiers with the aid of a series of proof resistances. The model predicts the weld current and the conduction angle （or heat setting） at each set current, when the workpiece resistance is given.

关键词： resistance welding electrical properties weld current conduction angle

INT-767 improves histopathological features in a dietinduced ob/ob mouse model of biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第2期24卷 195-210页

作者： Jonathan D Roth Michael Feigh Sanne S Veidal Louise KD Fensholdt Kristoffer T Rigbolt Henrik H Hansen Li C Chen Mathieu Petitjean Weslyn Friley Niels Vrang Jacob Jelsing Mark Young Intercept Pharmaceuticals Intercept PharmaceuticalsSan DiegoCA 92121United States Gubra Hoersholm DK-2970Denmark PharmaNest Genesis Imaging ServicesPrincetonNJ 08540United States Qualyst Transporter Solutions DurhamNC 27713United States

AIM To characterize the efficacy of the dual FXR/TGR5 receptor agonist INT-767 upon histological endpoints in a rodent model of diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS The effects of INT-767 on histological features of NASH were assessed in two studies using Lep^(ob/ob)(ob/ob) NASH mice fed the AMLN diet(high fat with transfat, cholesterol and fructose). In a proof-of-conceptstudy, Lep^(ob/ob)(ob/ob) NASH mice were first dosed with INT-767(3 or 10 mg/kg for 8 wk). A second ob/ob NASH study compared INT-767(3 and 10 mg/kg) to obeticholic acid(OCA)(10 or 30 mg/kg; 16 wk). Primary histological endpoints included qualitative and quantitative assessments of NASH. Other metabolic and plasma endpoints were also assessed. A comparative assessment of INT-767 and OCA effects on drug distribution and hepatic gene expression was performed in C57 Bl/6 mice on standard chow. C57 Bl/6 mice were orally dosed with INT-767 or OCA(1-30 mg/kg) for 2 wk, and expression levels of candidate genes were assessed by RNA sequencing and tissue drug levels were measured by liquid chromatography tandem-mass *** INT-767 dose-dependently(3 and 10 mg/kg, PO, QD, 8 wk) improved qualitative morphometric scores on steatohepatitis severity, inflammatory infiltrates and fibrosis stage. Quantitative morphometric analyses revealed that INT-767 reduced parenchymal collagen area, collagen fiber density, inflammation(assessed by Galectin-3 immunohistochemistry) and hepatocyte lipid droplet area following INT-767 treatment. In a comparative study(16 wk), the FXR agonists OCA(10 and 30 mg/kg) and INT-767(3 and 10 mg/kg) both improved NASH histopathology, with INT-767 exerting greater therapeutic potency and efficacy than OCA. Mechanistic studies suggest that both drugs accumulate similarly within the liver and ileum, however, the effects of INT-767 may be driven by enhanced hepatic, but not ileal, FXR function. CONCLUSION These findings confirm the potenti

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis INT-767 Obeticholic acid Liver biopsy FXR TGR5 Mouse model

Measurement of dynamic resistance in resistance spot welding

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China Welding 2007年第4期16卷 42-46页

作者：武佩吕佳珩 Wenqi Zhang Niels Bay School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Huhhot 010018 SWANTEC Software and Engineering ApS Hoersholm DK-2970 Denmark Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Dk-2800 Denmark.

The conventional methods of determining the dynamic resistance were mostly done by measuring the voltage and current at secondary side of transformer in resistance welding machines, in which the measuring set-up normally interferes with the movement of electrode, and the measuring precision is influenced by inductive noise caused by the high welding current. In this study, the dynamic resistance is determined by measuring the voltage at primary side and current at secondary side. This increases the accuracy of measurement because of higher signal-noise ratio, and allows to apply to in-process system without any wires connected to electrodes.

关键词： resistance spot welding dynamic resistance contact resistance circuit analysis