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Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 659-664页

作者： Amal Aldarwesh Ali Almustanyir Raied Fagehi Khalaf Alruways Abdulaziz Bin Turki Mansour Alghamdi Muteb Khalaf Alanazi Balsam Alabdulkader Wafa Alotaibi Mosaad Alhassan Department of Optometry College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11433Saudi Arabia

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film ***:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry *** in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■*** in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were ***:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye ***,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye ***,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

关键词： dry eye lid wipes tear break-up time tear meniscus height

High-throughput computational screening and in vitro evaluation identifies 5-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)-2-[3-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione(C3),as a novel EGFR—HER2 dual inhibitor in gastric tumors

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Oncology Research 2024年第2期32卷 251-259页

作者： MESFER AL SHAHRANI REEM GAHTANI MOHAMMAD ABOHASSAN MOHAMMAD ALSHAHRANI YASSER ALRAEY AYED DERA MOHAMMAD RAJEH ASIRI PRASANNA RAJAGOPALAN Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Gastric cancers are caused primarily due to the activation and amplification of the EGFR or HER2 kinases resulting in cell proliferation,adhesion,angiogenesis,and *** therapies are ineffective due to the intra-tumoral heterogeneity and concomitant genetic ***,dual inhibition strategies are recommended to increase potency and reduce *** this study,we have conducted computational high-throughput screening of the ChemBridge library followed by in vitro assays and identified novel selective inhibitors that have a dual impediment of EGFR/HER2 kinase ***-based High-throughput Virtual Screening(D-HTVS)was used to screen the whole ChemBridge small molecular library against EGFR and *** atomistic molecular dynamic simulation was conducted to understand the dynamics and stability of the protein-ligand ***/HER2 kinase enzymes,KATOIII,and Snu-5 cells were used for in vitro *** atomistic Molecular Dynamics simulations followed by solvent-based Gibbs binding free energy calculation of top molecules,identified compound C3(5-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)-2-[3-(4-oxo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione)to have a good affinity for both EGFR and *** predicted compound,C3,was promising with better binding energy,good binding pose,and optimum interactions with the EGFR and HER2 residues.C3 inhibited EGFR and HER2 kinases with IC50 values of 37.24 and 45.83 nM,*** GI50 values of C3 to inhibit KATOIII and Snu-5 cells were 84.76 and 48.26 nM,*** on these findings,we conclude that the identified compound C3 showed a conceivable dual inhibitory activity on EGFR/HER2 kinase,and therefore can be considered as a plausible lead-like molecule for treating gastric cancers with minimal side effects,though testing in higher models with pharmacokinetic approach is required.

关键词： Dual inhibitor Drug discovery EGFR/HER2 kinase Gastric cancer High-throughput screening

Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder:A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 161-170页

作者： Aditya Agrawal Vivek Agarwal Sujita Kumar Kar Amit Arya Department of Psychiatry King George Medical UniversityUttar PradeshLucknow 226003India

BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is proven to be safe in treating various neurological conditions in children and *** is also an effective method in the treatment of OCD in *** To assess the safety and efficacy of tDCS as an add-on therapy in drug-naive adolescents with *** We studied drug-naïve adolescents with OCD,using a Children’s Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale(CY-BOCS)scale to assess their *** active and sham groups were given fluoxetine,and we applied cathode and anode over the supplementary motor area and deltoid for 20 min in 10 *** occurred at 2,6,and 12 wk using *** Eighteen adolescents completed the study(10-active,8-sham group).CY-BOCS scores from baseline to 12 wk reduced significantly in both groups but change at baseline to 2 wk was significant in the active group *** mean change at 2 wk was more in the active group(11.8±7.77 vs 5.25±2.22,P=0.056).Adverse effects between the groups were *** tDCS is safe and well tolerated for the treatment of OCD in ***,there is a need for further studies with a larger sample population to confirm the effectiveness of tDCS as early augmentation in OCD in this population.

关键词： Adolescents Early augmentation Obsessive compulsive disorder Safety Transcranial direct current stimulation

The interplay mechanism between IDH mutation, MGMT-promoter methylation, and PRMT5 activity in the progression of grade 4 astrocytoma: unraveling the complex triad theory

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Oncology Research 2024年第6期32卷 1037-1045页

作者： MAHER KURDI ALAA ALKHOTANI ABDULRAHMAN SABBAGH EYAD FAIZO AHMED I.LARY AHMED K.BAMAGA MAJID ALMANSOURI BADR HAFIZ THAMER ALSHARIF SALEH BAEESA Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityRabighSaudi Arabia Department of Pathology College of MedicineUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Section of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryKing Abdulaziz Medical CityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosciences King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery King Abdulaziz Specialist HospitalTaifSaudi Arabia

Background:The dysregulation of Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH)and the subsequent production of 2-Hydroxyglutrate(2HG)may alter the expression of epigenetic proteins in Grade 4 *** interplay mechanism between IDH,O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)-promoter methylation,and protein methyltransferase proteins-5(PRMT5)activity,with tumor progression has never been ***:A retrospective cohort of 34 patients with G4 astrocytoma is classified into IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype *** groups were tested for MGMT-promoter methylation and PRMT5 through methylation-specific and gene expression PCR ***-cohort statistical significance was ***:Both IDH-mutant WHO grade 4 astrocytomas(n=22,64.7%)and IDH-wildtype glioblastomas(n=12,35.3%)had upregulated PRMT5 gene expression except in one *** of the 22 IDH-mutant tumors,10(45.5%)tumors showed MGMT-promoter methylation and 12(54.5%)tumors had unmethylated *** IDH-wildtype tumors had unmethylated *** was a statistically significant relationship between MGMT-promoter methylation and IDH in G4 astrocytoma(p-value=0.006).Statistically significant differences in progression-free survival(PFS)were also observed among all G4 astrocytomas that expressed PRMT5 and received either temozolomide(TMZ)or TMZ plus other chemotherapies,regardless of their IDH or MGMT-methylation status(p-value=0.0014).Specifically,IDH-mutant tumors that had upregulated PRMT5 activity and MGMT-promoter methylation,who received only TMZ,have exhibited longer ***:The relationship between PRMT5,MGMT-promoter,and IDH is not ***,accumulation of D2-hydroxyglutarate(2-HG),which partially activates 2-OG-dependent deoxygenase,may not affect their *** IDH-wildtype glioblastomas,the 2HG-2OG pathway is typically inactive,leading to PRMT5 *** alone,compared to TMZ-plus,can increase PFS in upregulated PRMT5 ***,using a PRMT5 inhibitor in G4

关键词： Grade 4 astrocytoma Glioblastoma Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH) O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT) Protein methyltransferase proteins-5(PRMT5) Progression-free survival(PFS)

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula:a comprehensive review of the history,classification systems,management,and prognosis

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2024年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： Ali Alkhaibary Ahoud Alharbi Nada Alnefaie Hajar Alammar Alshaymaa M.Arishy Noor Alghanim Yazeed M.Aldhfyan Arwa Albaiahy Yahya H.Khormi Wael Alshaya Saad AlQahatani Ahmed Aloraidi Ahmed Alkhani Sami Khairy College of Medicine King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesRiyadhSaudi Arabia king Abdullah International medical Research Center RiyadhSaudi Arabia Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryKing Abdulaziz Medical CityMinistry of National Guard-Health AffairsRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosurgery National Neurosciences InstituteKing Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia College of Medicine Jazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Neurosurgery King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas account for the majority of spinal vascular *** are typically located in the thoracolumbar region and are diagnosed in the middle-aged and elderly *** spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas have been postulated to be acquired,their exact development remains ***,the arteriovenous shunt is situated close to the spinal nerve root,inside the dura mater,where the blood from the radiculomeningeal artery and radicular vein *** history,there have been multiple classification systems of spinal arteriovenous shunts since *** were mainly based on the evolution of diagnostic studies as well as the treatment of these *** classification systems have undergone significant changes over the *** intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula,spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is progressive in *** neurological manifestations,due to venous congestion,tend to be insidious as well as *** include sensory deficits,such as paresthesia,bilateral and/or unilateral radicular pain affecting the lower limbs,and gait *** dural arteriovenous fistulas can be suspected on magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography(DSA).The management includes surgery,endovascular therapy,and in selected cases,*** treatment goal of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is to halt the progression of the *** prognosis depends on both the duration of symptoms as well as the clinical condition prior to *** present article comprehensively reviews the pathophysiology,changes in classification systems,natural history,clinical manifestations,radiological features,management,and prognosis.

关键词： Connection Endovascular Myelopathy Vascular

Mental health status among COVID-19 patients survivors of critical illness in Saudi Arabia:A 6-month follow-up questionnaire study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2560-2567页

作者： Abdullah M Alhammad Namareq F Aldardeer Abdulaziz Alqahtani Mohammad H Aljawadi Bushra Alnefaie Raghad Alonazi Mansour Almuqbil Abdulrahman Alsaadon Rakan M Alqahtani Rashid Alballaa Bader Alshehri Mohammed I Alarifi Fahad D Alosaimi Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Services King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreJeddah 21499Saudi Arabia Corporate Department of Pharmacy Services King Saud University Medical CityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia College of Pharmacy King Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Critical Care Medicine College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Psychiatry College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Psychological assessment after intensive care unit(ICU)discharge is increasingly used to assess patients'cognitive and psychological ***,few studies have examined those who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There is a paucity of data from the Middle East assessing the post-ICU discharge mental health status of patients who had *** To evaluate anxiety and depression among patients who had severe *** This is a prospective single-center follow-up questionnaire-based study of adults who were admitted to the ICU or under ICU consultation for>24 h for *** patients were contacted via *** patient’s anxiety and depression six months after ICU discharge were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).The primary outcome was the mean HADS *** secondary outcomes were risk factors of anxiety and/or *** Patients who were admitted to the ICU because of COVID-19 were screened(n=518).Of these,48 completed the *** mean age was 56.3±17.2 *** patients(62.5%)were *** main comorbidities were endocrine(n=24,50%)and cardiovascular(n=21,43.8%)*** mean overall HADS score for anxiety and depression at 6 months post-ICU discharge was 11.4(SD±8.5).A HADS score of>7 for anxiety and depression was detected in 15 patients(30%)and 18 patients(36%),*** from the multivariable ordered logistic regression demonstrated that vasopressor use was associated with the development of anxiety and depression[odds ratio(OR)39.06,95% confidence interval:1.309-1165.8;P<0.05].CONCLUSION Six months after ICU discharge,30% of patients who had COVID-19 demonstrated a HADS score that confirmed anxiety and *** compare the psychological status of patients following an ICU admission(with vs without COVID-19),further studies are warranted.

关键词： COVID-19 Critically ill Anxiety Depression HADS Saudi Arabia

Diabetes mellitus:Is Pakistan the epicenter of the next pandemic?

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 75-77页

作者： Muhammad Bilal Shahid Mahnoor Saeed Hamza Naeem Usha Kumari king Edward medical university LahorePakistan Dow university of Health Sciences KarachiPakistan

To the Editor,Diabetes mellitus(DM)is an endocrine disorder of chronic hyperglycemia diagnosed by fasting blood sugar levels of≥126 mg/dL or glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels of≥6.5%.Type 1 DM involves a lack of insulin secretion by the pancreas,whereas the human body's resistance to insulin combined with impaired function of beta cells causes type 2 DM.

关键词： impaired Diabetes mellitus

Diagnostic accuracy of ePOS score in predicting DNR labeling after ICU admission:A prospective observational study(ePOS-DNR)

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 216-221页

作者： Omar E.Ramadan Ahmed F.Mady Mohammed A.Al-Odat Ahmed N.Balshi Ahmed W.Aletreby Taisy J.Stephen Sheena R.Diolaso Jennifer Q.Gano Waleed Th.Aletreby Department of Critical Care King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Faculty of Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Nursing Department King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Background Resuscitation can sometimes be futile and making a do-not-resuscitate(DNR)decision is in the best interest of the *** electronic poor outcome screening(ePOS)score was developed to predict 6-month poor outcomes of critically ill *** explored the diagnostic accuracy of the ePOS score in predicting DNR decisions in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods This study was conducted at the ICU of a tertiary referral hospital in Saudi Arabia between March and May ***,we calculated ePOS scores for all eligible consecutive admissions after 48 h in the ICU and recorded the DNR *** ability of the score to predict DNR was explored using logistic ***'s ideal cut-off value was calculated using the DeLong method,and different diagnostic accuracy measures were generated with corresponding 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results We enrolled 857 patients,125 received a DNR order and 732 did *** average ePOS score of DNR and non-DNR patients was 28.2±10.7 and 15.2±9.7,*** score,as a predictor of DNR order,had an area under receiver operator characteristic(AUROC)curve of 81.8%(95%CI:79.0 to 84.3,P17 was associated with a sensitivity of 87.2(95%CI:80.0 to 92.5,P17 may help guide clinical decisions to withhold or commence resuscitative measures.

关键词： Do-not-resuscitate(DNR) Resuscitation Intensive care unit(ICU) Diagnostic accuracy Sensitivity Specificity

Genomic medicine and cancer clinical trial in Thailand

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 10-15页

作者： Lucksamon Thamlikitkul Napa Parinyanitikul Virote Sriuranpong Division of medical Oncology Department of MedicineFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10700Thailand Division of medical Oncology Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University&The King Chulalongkorn Memorial HospitalBangkok 10330Thailand

Introduction Cancer treatment has been revolutionized with the advent of targeted therapy and *** the past,when cancer treatment modalities were restricted,conventional chemotherapy was the only option for systemic *** chemotherapy empirically affects all dividing cells,the targets are virtually *** this regard,toxic effects on normal tissue are essentially inevitable.

关键词： chemotherapy cancer Cancer