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Assessment methods and services for older people with cancer in the United kingdom

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第3期11卷 152-161页

作者： Tania Kalsi Danielle Harari Department of Ageing and Health Guys and St Thomas’NHS Foundation TrustLondon SE17EHUnited Kingdom king’s college london Capital HouseLondon SE13QDUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND National cancer strategy calls for comprehensive assessments for older people but current practice across the United kingdom is not well *** To identify current assessment methods and access to relevant supporting services for older people with *** A web-based survey(surveyMonkey)targeting health professionals(oncologists,cancer surgeons,geriatricians,nurses and allied health professionals)was distributed January-April 2016 via United kingdom nationally recognised professional *** were analysed in frequencies and *** square was used to compare differences in responses between different *** 640 health care professionals *** 14.1%often/always involved geriatricians and 52.0%often/always involved general practitioners in *** wider assessments were used,they always/often influenced decision-making(40.5%)or at least sometimes(34.1%).But 30.5%-44.3%did not use structured assessment *** clinicians favoured clinical history *** used scoring tools and few wished to use them in the *** had urgent access to palliative care but only a minority had urgent access to other key supporting professionals(***,social workers,psychiatry).69.6%were interested in developing Geriatric Oncology services with *** There is variability in assessment methods for older people with cancer across the United kingdom and variation in perceived access to supporting *** history taking was preferred to scoring *** closer links with geriatricians appears supported.

关键词： Geriatric assessment Elderly Older cancer support services

The kinase p38αfunctions in dendritic cells to regulate Th2-cell differentiation and allergic inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第7期19卷 805-819页

作者： Miaomiao Han Jingyu Ma suidong Ouyang Yanyan Wang Tingting Zheng Peishan Lu Zihan Zheng Weiheng Zhao Hongjin Li Yun Wu Baohua Zhang Ran Hu Kinya Otsu Xinguang Liu Ying Wan Huabin Li Gonghua Huang ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology Eye&ENT HospitalFudan University200031 ShanghaiChina shanghai Institute of Immunology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine200025 ShanghaiChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics Guangdong Medical University523808 DongguanChina Biomedical Analysis Center Army Medical University400038 ChongqingChina Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsaka 565-0871Japan school of Cardiovascular Medicine and sciences King’s College LondonLondon SE59NUUK Present address:Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology430030 WuhanChina Department of Dermatology Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine200437 ShanghaiChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University200072 ShanghaiChina Present address:Basic Department of cancer Center Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University200072 ShanghaiChina

Dendritic cells(DCs)play a critical role in controlling T helper 2(Th2)cell-dependent diseases,but the signaling mechanism that triggers this function is not fully *** showed that p38αactivity in DCs was decreased upon HDM stimulation and dynamically regulated by both extrinsic signals and Th2-instructive cytokines.p38α-specific deletion in cDC1s but not in cDC2s or macrophages promoted Th2 responses under HDM *** study showed that p38αin cDC1s regulated Th2-cell differentiation by modulating the MK2−c-FOs−IL-12 ***,crosstalk between p38α-dependent DCs and Th2 cells occurred during the sensitization phase,not the effector phase,and was conserved between mice and *** results identify p38αsignaling as a central pathway in DCs that integrates allergic and parasitic instructive signals with Th2-instructive cytokines from the microenvironment to regulate Th2-cell differentiation and function,and this finding may offer a novel strategy for the treatment of allergic diseases and parasitic infection.

关键词： Allergy p38α dendritic cell Th2

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乳腺癌新辅助化疗的再思考

英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第11期21卷 633-636页

作者： Jayant s Vaidya samuele Massarut Hrisheekesh J Vaidya Emma C Alexander Thomas Richards Jochem A Caris Bhawna sirohi Jeffrey s Tobias 程琳(译) 陈雷(校) Division of surgery and Interventional science University College LondonLondonUK 北京大学人民医院肝胆外科 Department of surgery Whittington HospitalRoyal Free Hospital and University College London HospitalLondonUK Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano AvianoItaly Impeerial college school of Medicine Imperial College LondonLondonUK GKT school of Medical Education King's College LondonLondonUK Department of Clinical Oncology University College London HospitalLondonUK Department of surgery Whittington HospitalLondonUK Department of Medical Oncology Barts Heahh NHS TrustLondonUK 北京大学人民医院乳腺外科

质疑乳腺癌新辅助化疗合理性的证据逐渐增多,Jayant Vaidya和同事们认为必须对当下的治疗方案进行再思考。乳腺癌是世界范围内女性最常见的恶性肿瘤。2014年英国有55000名女性被诊断为乳腺癌,其中11000名死于该疾病。早期乳腺癌传统上... 详细信息

质疑乳腺癌新辅助化疗合理性的证据逐渐增多,Jayant Vaidya和同事们认为必须对当下的治疗方案进行再思考。乳腺癌是世界范围内女性最常见的恶性肿瘤。2014年英国有55000名女性被诊断为乳腺癌,其中11000名死于该疾病。早期乳腺癌传统上会应用手术、联合放疗以及必要时辅助系统药物治疗的综合治疗模式。

关键词：早期乳腺癌化疗治疗方案恶性肿瘤世界范围综合治疗药物治疗辅助系统

乳腺癌术后等待放疗的时间尽量减少放疗延迟可以改善预后，因此需要投资和计划

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英国医学杂志中文版 2010年第5期13卷 267-268页

作者： Ruth H Jack 王燕(译) king's college london Thames Cancer Registry London SE1 3QD king's college london Division of Cancer Studies Research Oncology Guy's Hospital London SE1 9RT ruth. 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院内科

一些国家对乳腺癌术后等待放疗的时间长短对复发的影响进行了研究，其中部分研究结果显示二者有相关性，其余研究则认为二者没有联系。而近期一个系统性回顾发现，如果保乳手术与术后放疗的时间间隔超过8—12周，且期间没有其他治疗，... 详细信息

一些国家对乳腺癌术后等待放疗的时间长短对复发的影响进行了研究，其中部分研究结果显示二者有相关性，其余研究则认为二者没有联系。而近期一个系统性回顾发现，如果保乳手术与术后放疗的时间间隔超过8—12周，且期间没有其他治疗，局部复发率将增加。但由于该文章所纳入的研究中等待放疗的时限长短不一，因此难以得出确切的结论。

关键词：术后放疗乳腺癌术后局部复发率预后投资系统性回顾时间间隔保乳手术

原发性大肠癌的血流代谢表型的评估:其与微血管密度的相关性受组织学评分方法影响

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第5期 504-505页

作者： V.Goh M.Rodriguez-Justo A.Engledow M.shastry R.Endozo J.Peck 项蕾 Division of Imaging sciences&Biomedical Engineering King's College LondonLondonUK

摘要目的探讨不同的组织微血管密度评分方法如何影响18F-FDG-PET/灌注CT参数和CD105微血管密度的相关性。方法2007—2010年,共有53例病人参加本研究。共45例病人成功行18F-FDG-PET/灌注CT成像,其中35例行手术治疗的病人没有使用介入治... 详细信息

摘要目的探讨不同的组织微血管密度评分方法如何影响18F-FDG-PET/灌注CT参数和CD105微血管密度的相关性。方法2007—2010年,共有53例病人参加本研究。共45例病人成功行18F-FDG-PET/灌注CT成像,其中35例行手术治疗的病人没有使用介入治疗。测定肿瘤最大标准摄取值、平均标准摄取值和局部血流量。

关键词： FDG-PET/灌注CT 结肠直肠肿瘤

Inhibition of angiogenesis and HCT-116 xenograft tumor growth in mice by kallistatin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第34期13卷 4615-4619页

作者： Yong Diao Jian Ma Wei-Dong Xiao Jia Luo Xin-Yan Li Kin-Wah Chu Peter WC Fung Nagy Habib Farzin Farzaneh Rui-An Xu Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Institute of Molecular Medicine Huaqiao University Quanzhou362021 Fujian Province China Department of Medicine Hong Kong University Hong Kong China Department of Pharmacy Chicago UniversityUnited States Department of Transplantation Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Haematological & Molecular Medicine King's College London London SE5 9NUUnited Kingdom

AIM： TO investigate the inhibitory effect of kallistatin （KAL） on angiogenesis and HCT-116 xenograft tumor growth.METHODs： Heterotopic subcutaneous injection of 2 seven days later, 2 x 1011 injected intratumorally （n tumors were induced by x 106 HCT-11 cells in mice. rAAV-GFP or rAAV-KAL was = 5 for each group）. The mice were sacrificed at d 28, by which time the tumors in the rAAV-GFP group had grown to beyond 5% of the total body weight. Tumor growth was measured by calipers in two dimensions. Tumor angiogenesis was determined with tumor microvessel density （MVD） by immunohistology. Tumor cell proliferation was assessed by Ki-67 staining.REsULTs： Intratumor injection of rAAV-KAL inhibited tumor growth in the treatment group by 78% （171 ＋ 52 mm^3） at d 21 after virus infection compared to the control group （776 ＋ 241 mm^3）. Microvessel density was significantly inhibited in tumor tissues treated with rAAV-KAL, rAAV-KAL also decreased the proportion of proliferating cells （Ki-67 positive cells） in tumors compared with the control group.CONCLUsION： rAAV-mediated expression of KAL inhibits the growth of colon cancer by reducing angiogenesis and proliferation of tumor cells, and may provide a promising anti-angiogenesis-based approach to the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.

关键词： Kallistatin Adeno-associated virus Angiogenesis inhibitors Colon Neoplasm

初级保健中恶性肿瘤早期诊断的预警症状:运用全科医疗机构研究数据库进行的队列研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2007年第5期10卷 276-283页

作者： Roger Jones Radoslav Latinovi Judith Charlton Martin C Gulliford 张国庆 Department of General Practice and Primary Care Division of Health and Social Care ResearchKing's College London School of Medicine at Guy'sKing's College and St Thomas'HospitalsLondon SE16SP Wolfson professor of general practice Department of Public Health sciences Division of Health and Socia Care ResearchKing's College London School of Medicine at Guy'sKing's College and St Thomas'HospitalsLondon SE13QD dotabase manager research assistant senior lecturer in public health

目的根据初级保健中的研究,评价在大规模人群中预警症状与随后的恶性肿瘤诊断之间的关系。设计队列研究。地点英国全科医疗机构研究数据库。患者 1994至2000年间在英国128家全科医疗机构注册的762325名年龄在15岁及以上的患者。既往无... 详细信息

目的根据初级保健中的研究,评价在大规模人群中预警症状与随后的恶性肿瘤诊断之间的关系。设计队列研究。地点英国全科医疗机构研究数据库。患者 1994至2000年间在英国128家全科医疗机构注册的762325名年龄在15岁及以上的患者。既往无恶性肿瘤病史,首次出现血尿、咯血、吞咽困难或直肠出血症状。结局评估指标首次出现的血尿、咯血、吞咽困难或直肠出血症状,自症状出现3年内,在泌尿道、呼吸道、食管、结肠以及直肠等部位恶性肿瘤诊断中的阳性预测值。同时评价其似然比和敏感性。结果在11108名首发血尿患者中,有472名男性和162名女性新近诊断泌尿道恶性肿瘤,总的3年阳性预测值男性为7.4%(95%可信区间为6.8%～8.1%),女性为3.4%(2.9%～4.0%)。在4812名首发咯血患者中,有220名男性(阳性预测值7.5%,6.6%～8.5%)和81名女性(4.3%,3.4%～5.3%)诊断呼吸道恶性肿瘤。5999名首次出现吞咽困难的患者中,食管恶性肿瘤诊断在男性有150人(阳性预测值5.7%,4.9%～6.7%),女性有81人(2.4%,1.9%～3.0%)。在15289名首发直肠出血症状的患者中,则有184名男性(阳性预测值2.4%,2.1%～2.8%)和154名女性(2.0%,1.7%～2.3%)诊断结直肠恶性肿瘤。预测值随着患者年龄的增加而增加,而且值非常高,例如,年龄在75～84岁的男性咯血患者(17.1%,13.5%～21.1%)和年龄在65～74岁的男性吞咽困难患者(9.0%,6.8%～11.7%)。结论首次出现预警症状时恶性肿瘤诊断可能性增加,尤其在男性及年龄大于65岁的患者人群中。这些数据显示,对于预警症状进行早期评价有助于在早期或易于处理的阶段发现或鉴别恶性肿瘤。

关键词：恶性肿瘤诊断肿瘤早期诊断出血症状医疗机构队列研究初级保健数据库预警

Locoregional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current evidence and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第32期25卷 4614-4628页

作者： Riccardo Inchingolo Alessandro Posa Martin Mariappan stavros spiliopoulos Division of Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyMadonna delle Grazie HospitalMatera 75100Italy Department of Radiology King′s College HospitalLondon SE5 9RSUnited Kingdom Department of Radiology IRCSS Fatebenefratelli HospitalRoma 00186Italy Interventional Radiology Department Aberdeen Royal Infirmary HospitalAberdeen AB25 2ZNUnited Kingdom 2nd Radiology Department School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari Athens 12461Greece

Liver cancers are the second most frequent cause of global cancer-related mortality of which 90%are attributable to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advent of screening programmes for patients with known risk factors,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for curative surgery at presentation with limited outcomes achievable with systemic chemotherapy/external *** has led to the advent of numerous minimally invasive options including but not limited to trans-arterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency/microwave ablation and more recently selective internal radiation therapy many of which are often the first-line treatment for select stages of HCC or serve as a conduit to liver *** authors aim to provide a comprehensive overview of these various image guided minimally invasive therapies with a brief focus on the technical aspects accompanied by a critical analysis of the literature to assess the most up-to-date evidence from comparative systematic reviews and meta-analyses finishing with an assessment of novel combination regimens and future directions of travel.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Liver Interventional oncology Transarterial chemo embolization selective internal radiation therapy Ablation

对于重度胃食管反流病，何种治疗方式最有效？

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英国医学杂志中文版 2016年第7期19卷 416-418页

作者： John Maret-Ouda Nele Brusselaers Jesper Lagergren 朱佳杰魏玮 Upper Gastrointestinal surgery Department of Molecular Medicire and Surgery Karolinska Instituter Norra Stationsgatan 67 171 76 Stockholm Sweden section of Gastrointestinal Caner r Division of Cancer Studies King's College London Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London SE1 7EH UK 中国中医科学院望京医院消化科

概述胃食管反流病（gastro—oesophagealreflux disease，GORD）的定义是指因胃内容物反流而引起不适症状和（或）其他并发症。GORD可分为轻度和重度，重度是指患者与反流相关的症状严重和（或）产生并发症。

关键词：重度胃食管反流病治疗方式医学研究症状