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Moving beyond Wastewater:Perspectives on Environmental Surveillance of Infectious Diseases for Public Health Action in Low-Resource Settings

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Environment & Health 2024年第10期2卷 684-687页

作者： Jeseth Delgado Vela Sarah E.Philo Joe Brown Mami Taniuchi Molly Cantrell Alexandra Kossik Maya Ramaswamy Sitara SR Ajjampur Fatma Z.Guerfali Rochelle H.Holm John Scott Meschke Maria Catherine B.Otero Amy J.Pickering Mahbubur Rahman Alexander G.Shaw Abhilasha Shrestha Kwanrawee Sirikanchana Vivi Maketa Tevuzula Rolf U.Halden Alexandria B.Boehm Kyle Bibby Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre DameSouth BendIndiana 46556United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90007USA Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina 27599United States Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia 22903United States Waterborne Disease Prevention Branch U.S.Centers for Disease ControlAtlantaGeorgia 30329United States The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004India Laboratory of Transmission Control and Immunobiology of Infections(LTCII)Institut Pasteur de TunisTunis-Belvédère 1002Tunisia UniversitéTunis El Manar Tunis 1002Tunisia Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute School of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKentucky 40202United States Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195United States college of Medicine University of the Philippines ManilaManila 2801Philippines Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research(IEDCR)Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZU.K. Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences University of Illinois Chicago School of Public HealthChicagoIllinois 60612United States Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research InstituteBangkok 10210Thailand Department of Tropical Medicine University of KinshasaKinshasa/DR 63090201Congo School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Arizona State UniversityTempe

Although testing wastewater for public health surveillance has recently received significant attention in the United States,researchers and public health professionals have long realized the tremendous promise of environmental surveillance(ES),defined as tracking pathogens of interest in fecally contaminated surface waters,soil,or fomites,in low-resource settings for public health action.1,2 The power of ES in lowresource settings is most clearly illustrated with the over 30 years of well-established and standardized polio *** part of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative,the World Health Organization(WHO)has accredited 146 laboratories within the Global Polio Lab Network(GPLN).These facilities across 92 countries process over 8,000 wastewater or fecally contaminated surface water samples per year,in addition to over 220,000 stool samples annually.3 The data generated from the GPLN are closely linked to clear public health action related to targeted vaccination *** investment and adoption of ES for polio eradication efforts serves as a use-case for other targets of *** explore the current state of the field,the National Science Foundation-funded Research Coordination Network(RCN)on Wastewater Based Epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Public Health Threats held a workshop in December 2023 to discuss the opportunities and challenges for ES in low-resource settings(Figure 1).Discussions during the workshop highlighted knowledge gaps,best-practices,target selection,academic/government/private partnerships and overall public health action and sustainability of these programs.

关键词： wastewater Wastewater annually

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Diagnosis of gastric epithelial neoplasia:Dilemma for Korean pathologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第21期17卷 2602-2610页

作者： Joon Mee Kim Mee-Yon Cho Jin Hee Sohn Dae Young Kang Cheol Keun Park Woo Ho Kim So-Young Jin Kyoung Mee Kim Hee Kyung Chang Eunsil Yu Eun Sun Jung Mee Soo Chang Jong Eun Joo Mee Joo Youn Wha Kim Do Youn Park Yun Kyung Kang Sun Hoo Park Hye Seung Han Young Bae Kim Ho Sung Park Yang Seok Chae Kye Won Kwon Hee Jin Chang The Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of Korean Society of Pathologists Department of Pathology Inha University Hospital Department of Pathology Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju Christian Hospital Department of Pathology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineKangbuk Samsung Medical Center Department of Pathology Chungnam National University College of Medicine Department of Pathology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSamsung Medical Center Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Pathology Soonchunhyang University Hospital Department of Pathology Kosin University College of Medicine Department of Pathology University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical Center Department of Pathology The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul St.Mary's Hospital Department of Pathology Seoul National University Boramae Hospital Department of Pathology Eulji General Hospital Department of Pathology Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital Department of Pathology Kyunghee University College of Medicine Department of Pathology Pusan National University College of Medicine Department of Pathology Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital Department of Pathology Korea Cancer Center Hospital Department of Pathology Konkuk University Medical Center Department of Pathology Ajou University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Chonbuk National University Medical School Department of Pathology Korea University College of Medicine Department of Pathology Bundang Jesaeng Hospital Department of Pathology National Cancer Center The Korean Society of Pathologists 4FThe Korean Medical Association BuildingSeoul 140-721South Korea

The histopathological diagnosis of gastric mucosal biopsy and endoscopic mucosal resection/endoscopic submucosal dissection specimens is important,but the diagnostic criteria,terminology,and grading system are not the same in the East and West.A structurally invasive focus is necessary to diagnose carcinoma for most Western pathologists,but Japanese pathologists make a diagnosis of cancer based on severe dysplastic cytologic atypia irrespective of the presence of *** the Vienna classification was introduced to reduce diagnostic discrepancies,it has been difficult to adopt due to different concepts for gastric epithelial neoplastic *** pathologists experience much difficulty making a diagnosis because we are influenced by Japanese pathologists as well as Western *** is geographically close to Korea,and academic exchanges are ***,Korean doctors are familiar with Western style medical *** a result,the terminology,definitions,and diagnostic criteria for gastric intraepithelial neoplasia are very heterogeneous in *** solve this problem,the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists has made an effort and has suggested guidelines for differential diagnosis:(1) a diagnosis of carcinoma is based on invasion;(2) the most important characteristic of low grade dysplasia is the architectural pattern such as regular distribution of crypts without severe branching,budding,or marked glandular crowding;(3) if nuclear pseudostratification occupies more than the basal half of the cryptal cells in three or more adjacent crypts,the lesion is considered high grade dysplasia;(4) if severe cytologic atypia is present,careful inspection for invasive foci is necessary,because the risk for invasion is very high;and(5) other structural or nuclear atypia should be evaluated to make a final decision such as cribriform pattern,papillae,ridges,vesicular nuclei,high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio,loss

关键词： Intraepithelial neoplasia Stomach Dysplasia Adenoma Carcinoma Japanese Western Consensus Vienna

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Availability, Range and Utilization of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) Services for Adolescents at Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam—Tanzania

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Open Journal of Nursing 2020年第3期10卷 286-307页

作者： Bupe Khalison Mwandali Sia Emmanueli Msuya Adela Abel Mwakanyamale Department of Maternal and Child Health Kairuki School of Nursing Hubert Kairuki Memorial University Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Community Medicine Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania Department of medical and Surgical Nursing Faculty of Nursing Hubert Kairuki Memorial University Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Background: It is estimated 1.2 billion of world’s population are adolescents aged 10 - 19 years;80% live in developing countries. Adolescents in developing countries especially Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face high burden of sexual and reproductive health problems. Sixteen million girls aged 15 to 19 years give birth every year of which 95% occur in low- and middle-income countries. Twenty five percent of unsafe abortions are in 15 - 19 years in Sub-Saharan Africa. Contraceptive use is low as approximately 10% of adolescents are current users. These problems can be averted if different ranges of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services for adolescent (SRHSA) are available and utilized by adolescents. In Tanzania, there is limited information addressing the availability, types and utilization pattern of sexual and reproductive health services by adolescents. This study investigates the availability, range and utilization of sexual and reproductive health services for adolescents (ASRHS) at Kinondoni Municipality, Tanzania. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in April to May 2013. A checklist was used to collect information on the availability and range of services offered at selected health facilities. In depth interviews conducted with in-charges of Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) clinics to explore barriers for provision of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services (SRHS) for adolescents. Adolescents were questioned using a questionnaire on utilization of SRHS and perceived barriers. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize quantitative data and content analysis for qualitative data. Results: On availability and range of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health services, a total of 25 health facilities were surveyed. Forty four percent of the surveyed facilities did not have the adolescent sexual and reproductive health services (ASRHS). The Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health (ASRH) services offered differed greatly between facilities. On

关键词： Adolescent Sexual Health Reproductive Health Utilization Barriers to ASRH Services Kinondoni Municipality and Tanzania

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Overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome in myeloproliferative neoplasms

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第6期15卷 717-729页

作者： Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Bahadar Singh Srichawla Yong-Feng Chen Poulami Roy Arkadeep Dhali Ahmed Nahian Muhammad Romail Manan Vincent Kipkorir Richard christian Suteja Lakshmi Venkata Simhachalam Kutikuppala Amelia Maria Găman Camelia Cristina Diaconu Faculty of Medicine “Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Department of Hematology Center of Hematolog Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Stefan S Nicolau Institute of VirologyRomanian AcademyBucharest 030304Romania Department of Neurology University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Department of Basic medical Sciences School of Medicine of Taizhou UniversityTaizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Medicine North Bengal Medical College and HospitalWest Bengal 734012India Academic Department of Gastroenterology Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustSheffield S57AUUnited Kingdom Lecom at Seton Hill GreensburgPA 15601United States Faculty of Medicine Services HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology University of NairobiNairobi 00100Kenya Faculty of Medicine Udayana UniversityDenpasarBali 80361Indonesia Department of General Surgery Dr.NTR University of Health SciencesVijayawada 520008Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Pathophysiology University of Medicine and Pharmacy of CraiovaCraiova 200349Romania Clinic of Hematology Filantropia City HospitalCraiova 200143Romania Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine“Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania Internal Medicine Clinic Clinical Emergency Hospital of BucharestBucharest 105402Romania

Myeloproliferative neoplasms(MPNs)occur due to the abnormal proliferation of one or more terminal myeloid cell lines in peripheral *** suffering from MPNs display a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors,and thrombotic events are often the cause of death in this population of ***,we provide a brief overview of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome and their epidemiology in MPNs and examine the common molecular mechanisms between dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,and MPNs,with a special focus on cardio-vascular risk,atherosclerosis,and thrombotic ***,we investigate the impact of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome on the occurrence and survival of thrombosis in MPN patients,as well as the management of dyslipidemia in MPNs,and the impact of MPN treatment on serum lipid concentrations,particularly as side/adverse effects reported in the context of clinical trials.

关键词： Polycythemia vera Essential thrombocythemia Myelofibrosis Cardiovascular disease Hypercholesterolemia Hypertriglyceridemia Obesity Diabetes Inflammation Oxidative stress

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The effectiveness of emotion-focused art therapy on the resilience and self-image of emergency physicians

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第6期13卷 479-484页

作者： Soo Kyung Eo Chanwoong Kim Kyung Hye Park Eun Kyung Eo Graduate School of Art Therapy at CHA university Pocheon 11160Republic of Korea Department of Emergency Medicine Chung-Ang University College of MedicineSeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of medical Education Yonsei University Wonju College of MedicineWonju 26426Republic of Korea Department of Emergency Medicine Wonju Severance Christian HospitalWonju 26426Republic of Korea Department of Emergency Medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalBucheon 14584Republic of Korea

INTRODUCTION Resilience refers to the quality of being able to overcome adversity.[1]Studies conducted in the United States[2]and China[3]following the 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic reported reduced resilience levels among medical *** resilience levels are associated with low burnout levels among residents.[4]Physician burnout affects patients’safety and quality of care.[5]In particular,emergency physicians(EPs)are more prone to exhaustion or poor resilience,as their turnover intention tends to be higher.[6]Therefore,improving EPs’resilience is imperative.

关键词： image physician overcome

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Tight near-total corrosive strictures of the proximal esophagus with concomitant involvement of the hypopharynx: Flexible endoscopic management using a novel technique

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第11期10卷 367-377页

作者： Harpal S Dhaliwal Nitin Kumar Pradeep Kumar Siddappa Ripudaman Singh Jogeet Singh Sekhon Jaspal Masih Justin Abraham Sameer Garg Department of Gastroen-terology Christian Medical College and HospitalLudhiana 141012 Punjab India Department of Internal Medicine Christian Medical College and Hospital Department of Internal Medicine University of Connecticut Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Fortis Hospital

AIM To investigate the role of a novel minimally invasive endoscopic technique in the management of tight neartotal corrosive strictures of the proximal esophagus involving the *** Two patients with near-total corrosive strictures of the proximal esophagus involving the hypopharynx were managed with the novel endoscopic technique. The technique involved passing a 0.025-inch flexible guidewire across the stricture, and stricture dilatation, using 10 F coaxial diathermy and balloon dilators, followed byelectro-incision of the proximal aspect of the residual eccentric stricture by means of a novel approach using a wire-guided *** Both patients were successfully managed on an outpatient department basis with the complete relief of symptoms and resolution of strictures on endoscopy and an esophagogram. No adverse events were seen during or after the procedure. There was no recurrence of symptoms at a follow-up of over a year in both cases. There was a significant improvement in the body mass index of both patients after the *** We report a novel flexible endoscopic technique for the management of complex hypopharyngo-esophageal strictures. In experienced hands, the procedure is relatively simple, safe and effective with a durable response.

关键词： Cricopharyngeal strictures Electroincision Corrosive injury Benign esophageal strictures Stricture dilatation

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Hepcidin-25 negatively predicts left ventricular mass index in chronic kidney disease patients

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World Journal of Nephrology 2013年第2期2卷 38-43页

作者： Yao-Peng Hsieh Ching-Hui Huang Chia-Ying Lee Hung-Lin Chen Ching-Yuang Lin Chia-Chu Chang Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian Hospital college of Management MingDao University Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian Hospital college of Medicine China Medical University Department of medical Nutrition Therapy and Food Service Changhua Christian Hospital Division of Pediatric Nephrology China Medical University Hospital Clinical Immunological Center China Medical University Hospital School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University

AIM： To assess the correlation between the serum hep-cidin-25 level and left ventricular mass ***： This study was a cross-sectional study conducted between March 2009 and April 2010. Demo-graphic and biochemical data, including the serum hep-cidin-25 level, were collected for chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients. Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed to determine the left ventricle mass （LVM）, left ventricular mass index （LVMI）, interventricular septum thickness （IVSd）, left ventricle posterior wall thickness （LVPW）, right ventricular dimension （RVD）, left atrium （LA） and ejection fraction （EF）.RESULTS： A total of 146 patients with stage 1 to 5 CKD were enrolled. Serum hepcidin-25 levels were 16.51 ± 5.2, 17.59 ± 5.32, 17.38 ± 6.47, 19.98 ± 4.98 and 22.03 ± 4.8 ng/mL for stage 1 to 5 CKD patients, respectively. Hepcidin-25 level was independently pre-dicted by the serum ferritin level （β = 0.6, P = 0.002） and the estimated glomerular fltration rate （β = -0.48, P = 0.04）. There were negative correlations between the serum hepcidin level and the LVM and LVMI （ P = 0.04 and P = 0.005, respectively）. Systolic blood pressure （BP） was positively correlated with the LVMI （ P = 0.005）. In the multivariate analysis, a decreased serum hepci-din-25 level was independently associated with a higher LVMI （β = -0.28, 95%CI： -0.48 - -0.02, P = 0.006） after adjusting for body mass index, age and systolic ***： A lower serum hepcidin level is associ-ated with a higher LVMI in CKD patients. Low hepcidin levels may be independently correlated with unfavor-able cardiovascular outcomes in this population.

关键词： Hepcidin-25 Ferritin Chronic kidney disease Left ventricular mass Left ventricular mass index

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Detection of new candidate genes controlling seed weight by integrating gene coexpression analysis and QTL mapping in Brassica napus L.

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The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 842-851页

作者： Hongli Dong Lei Yang Yilin Liu Guifu Tian Huan Tang Shuangshuang Xin Yixin Cui Qing Xiong Huafang Wan Zhi Liu christian Jung Wei Qian college of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture Ministry of EducationChongqing 400715China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210029JiangsuChina Plant Breeding Institute Christian Albrechts University of KielOlshausenstr.4024098 KielGermany

Seed weight is a component of seed yield in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Although quantitative trait loci(QTL)for seed weight have been reported in rapeseed,only a few causal quantitative trait genes(QTGs)have been identified,resulting in a limitation in understanding of seed weight *** constructed a gene coexpression network at the early seed developmental stage using transcripts of 20,408 genes in QTL intervals and 1017 rapeseed homologs of known genes from other *** the 10 modules in this gene coexpression network,modules 1 and 2 were core modules and contained genes involved in source–flow–sink processes such as synthesis and transportation of fatty acid and protein,and photosynthesis.A hub gene SERINE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE-LIKE 19(SCPL19)was identified by candidate gene association analysis in rapeseed and functionally investigated using Arabidopsis T-DNA mutant and overexpression *** study demonstrates the power of gene coexpression analysis to prioritize candidate genes from large candidate QTG sets and enhances the understanding of molecular mechanism for seed weight at the early developmental stage in rapeseed.

关键词： Brassica napus L Gene coexpression network Quantitative trait gene SCPL19 Seed weight

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Bilateral sequential femoral neck stress fractures in young adult with HIV infection on antiretroviral therapy: A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第6期10卷 247-254页

作者： Saisunder Shashank Chaganty Deeptiman James Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of PlymouthPlymouth PL6 8BUUnited Kingdom Assistant Professor Department of OrthopedicsChristian Medical CollegeVelloreVellore 632004Tamil NaduIndia

BACKGROUND Femoral neck stress fractures are rarely encountered among young adults and are often associated with either repetitive excessive loading or underlying bone *** research has indicated human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/antiretroviral therapy(ART)as predisposing agents to osteopenia and osteoporosis related *** report a case of HIV/ART induced insufficiency fracture in a resource limited setting in Central *** aim is to increase awareness and promote screening of HIV/ART related osteopenia and osteoporosis in order to prevent catastrophic orthopaedic *** SUMMARY A 35-year-old HIV positive male presented with a stress fracture of left femoral *** patient was on ART and reported no *** went on to be successfully managed ***,during work-up osteopenia of the contralateral proximal femur was recognised using Singh’s *** months post-op the patient presented with right-sided femoral-neck stress *** this stage the patient was nonconcordant with ART and denied surgical *** In the absence of co-morbidities,several mechanisms of HIV/antiretroviral therapy may have played a role in predisposing our patient towards such a *** recommend routine screening all HIV-infected patients for osteopenia,especially in younger *** low resource settings and district hospitals,pelvis radiograph&Singh’s index can be used for screening.

关键词： Bilateral femoral neck stress fracture Human immunodeficiency virusantiretroviral therapy related osteopenia Osteoporosis in resource limited setting Human immunodeficiency virus related fragility fractures

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Effect of Exercise Program on the Rehabilitation of Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2012年第1期3卷 54-59页

作者： N. Sundaramurthy Senthil Kumar Niyatee Lal Dharmarajan Rajalakshmi Faculty of Therapeutic sciences Masterskill University college of Health sciences Cheras Malaysia PMR Department Christian Medical College & Hospital India

Study Design: A clinical trial of 30 consecutive patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Objectives: To evaluate the effect of directed physical exercise in patients with CSM and to measure severity of myelopathy before and after an exercise program. Setting: christian medical college and Hospital, India. Participants: Thirty patients with CSM (mean age-54.1 years) with Nuricks Grade 2 and 3. Background: Myelopathy of the spinal cord can be caused by degenerative process of the cervical vertebrae and it is the most common type of dysfunction of the spinal cord in adult population. CSM usually develops insidiously and the natural history is not well understood, there is debate over the indication for operative Vs non operative management. Method: Patients participated in a 6-week exercise program, consisting of active exercises to upper and lower extremities, scapulothoracic muscles, and gentle stretches, sub maximal isometric exercises of the deep neck flexors, relaxation and immobilization with a cervical collar. Main Outcome Measures: The mJOA (modified Japanese orthopaedic association score) and ASIA motor and sensory scoring. The results were processed by using Wilcoxon sign rank test. Results: After comparing the values at the beginning and end of the program a satisfactory neurological result (sensorimotor/motor and sensory) was obtained in all thirty patients. Conclusion: The exercise program had a positive impact for most of the variables of the study. Exercise intervention with neck immobilization may be a treatment of choice in early stages of CSM. Future randomized controlled studies would provide insight into the effectiveness and clinical relevance of this intervention.

关键词： Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Rehabilitation Exercise

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