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The Spectrum of Nail Disorders in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Conservative Treatment: A Case-Control Study

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 150-154页

作者： Shigidi M.M.T. Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Jouf University Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia Nephrology Division Department of Medicine Baraha Medical City North Khartoum State Khartoum 13311 Sudan

Objective: Various nail disorders have been reported in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, few studies have investigated nail disorders in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. This study focused on nail disorders seen in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing conservative treatment. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Baraha Medical City in khartoum state, Sudan. Data on patients with ESRD who were on conservative treatment and presented for follow-up between March and September 2021 were collected. Patients' demographic features, nail findings on clinical examination, and laboratory results were recorded. The obtained data were compared with those on age- and sex-matched healthy individuals from the general population. The chi-square test and Student t test were performed to analyze categorical and numerical variables, respectively. Results: Data on 78 patients with ESRD were studied. Their mean age was 54.6 ± 17.6 years, and 45 (57.7%) were men. These patients were compared with 129 controls. Nail disorders were seen in 65 (83.3%) ESRD patients and 86 (66.6%) controls (P = 0.009). Patients with ESRD were found to be at increased relative risk of developing a wide spectrum of nail disorders. An absent lunula, half-and-half nails, nail dystrophy, Terry's nails, onychomycosis, and koilonychia were the most common disorders and were seen in 44 (56.4%), 13 (16.7%), 10 (12.8%), 9 (11.5%), 6 (7.7%), and 5 (6.4%) patients, respectively. Patients with ESRD had a statistically significant risk of developing above diseases (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: The current study demonstrated a wide spectrum of nail disorders in patients with ESRD undergoing conservative treatment. Further studies are essential to understand their pathogenesis. © 2024 Hospital for Skin Diseases (Institute of Dermatology), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Chinese Medical Association, published by Wolters Kluwer, Inc.

关键词： chronic kidney disease disease spectrum end-stage renal disease nail disorders

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A Comprehensive Analysis of the Thermo-Chemical Properties of Sudanese Biomass for Sustainable Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 721-736页

作者： Wadah Mohammed Zeinab Osman Salah Elarabi Bertrand Charrier Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physical-Chemistry for the Environment and Materials-Xylomat University of Pau and the Adour RegionE2S UPPACNRSIPREM-UMR 5254Mont de Marsan40004France Institute of Engineering Research and Materials Technology(IERMT) National Center for Research(NCR)Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific ResearchKhartoum11111Sudan Faculty of Industries Engineering and Technology University of GeziraGezira State21111Sudan

The chemical composition and thermal properties of natural fibers are the most critical variables that determine the overall properties of the fibers and influence their processing and use in different sustainable applications,such as their conversion into bioenergy and *** thermal and mechanical properties can be estimated by evaluating the content of cellulose,lignin,and other extractives in the *** this research work,the chemical composition and thermal properties of three fibers,namely bagasse,kenaf bast fibers,and cotton stalks,were evaluated to assess their potential utilization in producing biocomposites and bioenergy *** chemical composition analysis followed the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Standards(TAPPI)*** total phenol content was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method,while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)was employed to assess the light absorption by the *** evaluate thermal stability and higher heating values,Thermogravimetric Analysis(TGA),Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC),and bomb calorimetry were *** chemical analysis revealed that bagasse contained 50.6%cellulose and 21.6%lignin,kenaf bast fibers had 58.5%cellulose and 10%lignin,and cotton stalks exhibited 40.3%cellulose and 21.3%*** FTIR curves demonstrated a notable similarity among the *** TGA analysis showed degradation temperatures of 321°C for bagasse,354°C for kenaf bast fibers,and 289°C for cotton *** DSC analysis revealed glass transition temperatures of 81°C for bagasse,66.3°C for cotton stalks,and 64.5°C for kenaf bast *** higher heating values were measured as 17.3,16.6 and 17.1 MJ/kg for bagasse,kenaf bast fibers,and cotton stalks,*** three fibers have a high potential for biocomposites and bioenergy material manufacturing.

关键词： Bagasse kenaf bast fibers cotton stalks TGA DSC FTIR

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Evaluation of the Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Toddlers with Spinal Dysraphism after Surgical Repair Using ASQ-3^™ Scores

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第1期14卷 14-29页

作者： Mujahid Imam Fawaz Eljili Marhoom Sawsan Aldeaf Ali Awad Ahmed Zidan Mohamed Mustafa Ahmed Sanna Taha Neurosurgery Department National Center for Neurological Sciences (NCNS) Khartoum Sudan Neurosurgery Department Royal Care International Hospital Khartoum Sudan Al Ribat Neurospine Center Khartoum Sudan Neurosurgery Department Haj Almardi (Al Tamyouz) Hospital Khartoum Sudan Neurosurgery Department Al Jazeera Trauma Center Khartoum Sudan

Background: Spinal dysraphism represents a wide spectrum of congenital abnormalities of the spine. Myelomeningocele is considered the most common malformation and the most common we saw in our community, with its morbidity problems seen commonly in the postoperative period. ASQ-3TM Scores are the ages and stages questionnaire, third edition, and represent a tool to assess the development progress, especially in toddlers. Objectives: Evaluation of neurodevelopmental outcome among Sudanese toddlers with spinal dysraphism after surgical closure with or without a VP shunt using ASQ-3TM Scores. Methodology: This is a retrospective hospital-based study of 84 patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair at the National Center for Neurological Sciences (NCNS) during the period from 2017 up to 2019. Data were collected through a constructed questionnaire, including ASQ-3TM Scores. Data were processed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) computer program. Version 25. Results: 84 patients were included in this study;all patients were diagnosed with spinal dysraphism. Out of them, 51 (60.7%) were 2 years old, 33 (39.3%) were 3 years old, 45 (53.6%) were male, 45 (53.6%) of patients mothers attended ANC irregularly, and 54 (64.3%) their mothers didn’t receive folate supplements. 44 (52.3%) of patients underwent MMC repair only, while 40 (47.7%) underwent MMC repair and VP shunt. The commonest postoperative complication was infection, reported in 12 (14.3%) of patients, followed by VP shunt revision in 9 (10.7%) of patients. Neurological assessment showed that the majority of patients need further assessment with a professional, 57 (67.9%) of children don’t walk, run, or climb like other toddlers as their parent’s state;also, half of patients (42, 50%) had medical problems, and 27 (32.1%) of their parent’s state that they do not talk like other toddlers their age. There was a statistically significant association

关键词： Toddlers’ Neurodevelopmental Outcome Myelomeningocele Evaluation ASQ-3™ Scores Spinal Dysraphasim Neurodevelopmental Outcome

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The Current Conservation Efforts and Future Prospects for the Endangered Nubian Ibex (Capra nubiana ibex) in Sudan

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第1期15卷 39-62页

作者： Lubna Mohammed Abdallah Hassan Mutasim Essa Abdallah Adam Latifa Altigani Adam Abakar Nasir Yousif Gaboush Brema Wildlife Research Center Animal Resource Research Corporation Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries Bahri Sudan Sudanese Wildlife Society Bahri Khartoum Sudan Department of Wildlife—Central Darfur state Faculty of Forestry Sciences University of Zalingei Zalingei Sudan

A comprehensive action plan for the conservation of the endangered species, the Nubian ibex in Sudan, can be developed by gaining a thorough understanding of their current status, conservation strategy, and relevant laws and regulations, as well as raising awareness about the importance of protecting endangered species. The Nubian ibex is listed as an endangered species on The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, highlighting the need for further research on population conservation efforts due to insufficient population data. To address this knowledge gap, a questionnaire was conducted with various stakeholders, including police officers, researchers, and lecturers, representing a diverse range of organizations and universities. The findings revealed that hunting is the primary factor contributing to endangerment. Mammals account for 80% of endangered species, while reptiles comprise less than one-tenth. Research centers are recognized as the main governing body, and 85% of participants are concerned about the declining population. Hunting accounted for less than half of the threats to the ibex population in Sudan, while habitat loss made up a quarter. Mining, climate change, human activity, and agriculture were also identified as risks. However, there were no plans, strategies, procedures, or measures in place to conserve the Nubian ibex. There were also no initiatives to preserve its biodiversity, and awareness about endangered species was lacking. Although participants believed that laws were effective in protecting the ibex, no licenses were issued for its conservation, and annual surveys were not conducted. Additionally, there were no recorded instances of Mukhalfat related to the Nubian ibex. In light of these findings, we propose various conservation measures to address these challenges. These measures include the implementation of laws and regulations, conducting annual surveys to monitor population trends, protecting habitats, est

关键词： Nubian Ibex Sudan Endangered Species Conservation Status Law Regulations Awareness

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Responses of Annual Variability of Vegetation NPP to Climate Variables Using Satellite Techniques in Gadarif state, Sudan

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第2期16卷 136-147页

作者： Anwar Mohamedelhassan Bo Zhang Abdelrahim E. Jahelnabi Eman M. Elhassan Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China Faculty of Agriculture University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Agriculture Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan

Plants play an essential role in matter and energy transformations and are key messengers in the carbon and energy cycle. Net primary productivity (NPP) reflects the capability of plants to transform solar energy into photosynthesis. It is very sensible for factors affecting on vegetation variability such as climate, soils, plant characteristics and human activities. So, it can be used as an indicator of actual and potential trend of vegetation. In this study we used the actual NPP which was derived from MODIS to assess the response of NPP to climate variables in Gadarif state, from 2000 to 2010. The correlations between NPP and climate variables (temperature and precipitation) are calculated using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and ordinary least squares regression. The main results show the following 1) the correlation Coefficient between NPP and mean annual temperature is Somewhat negative for Feshaga, Rahd, Gadarif and Galabat areas and weakly negative in Faw area;2) the correlation Coefficient between NPP and annual total precipitation is weakly negative in Faw, Rahd and Galabat areas and somewhat negative in Galabat and Rahd areas. This study demonstrated that the correlation analysis between NPP and climate variables (precipitation and temperature) gives reliably result of NPP responses to climate variables that is clearly in a very large scale of study area.

关键词： Climate Variables MODIS NPP Climate Change Correlation Coefficient Gadarif state Remote Sensing GIS Applications

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The role of melatonin receptor 1B gene(MTNR1B)in the susceptibility to depression and type 2 diabetes comorbidity

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 113-115页

作者： Mutaz Amin Benjamin Rafla Rongling Wu Teodor T.Postolache Cclaudia Gragnoli INSERM US14-OrphanetParis 75014France Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of MedicineAl-Neelain UniversityKhartoum 11121Sudan Division of Endocrinology Department of MedicineCreighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68124USA Department of Public health Sciences Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Statistics Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA Mood and Anxiety Program Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA Rocky Mountain Mental llness Research Education and Clinical Center(MIRECC) Veterans Integrated Service Network(VISN)19Military and Veteran Microbiome:Consortium for Research and Education(MVM-CoRE)DenverCO 80246USA Mental Ilness Research Education and Clinical Center(MIRECC) Veterans Integrated Service Network(VISN)5VA Capitol Health Care NetworkBaltimoreMD 21090USA Molecular Biology Laboratory Bios Biotech Multi-Diagnostic Health CenterRome00197Italy

Melatonin is an endogenous monoamine hormone secreted by the pineal *** signaling has been shown to play a role in circadian rhythm regulation,lipid and glucose metabolism,and obesity,and it has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant *** melatonin receptor 1B gene(MTNR1B)is expressed in,among other tissues,the brain and pancreatic beta cells,and risk variants for T2D have been reported as impairing early insulin secretion and increasing fasting glucose levels.^(1) Variants in the MTNR1B gene also have been reported in patients with depression(MDD).

关键词： MTNR1B metabolism properties.

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Exploring Trees Diversity and Ecological Value of Mountain Forests in the Blue Nile Region of Sudan

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 245-256页

作者： Dafa-Alla M. Dafa-Alla Haytham H. Gibreel Ahmed A. H. Siddig Yousif E. Yagoub Hashim A. Abdelkarim Khatir H.T. Saeed Ahmed I. Abuelbashar Faculty of Forestry-Shambat University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Harvard Forest Harvard University Petersham MA USA Faculty of Forest Science and Wood Technology University of Gezira Wad-Medani Sudan Department of Forestry and Range Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Alsalam University Alfula Sudan Forest Research and Gum Arabic Centre Agricultural Research Corporation Khartoum-Soba Sudan

We carried out this research at Abu-Gaddaf Natural Forest Reserve (ANFR) which is located east of Blue Nile River, in Blue Nile state, Sudan. It aims at exploring tree composition assessing their diversity indices, and ecological importance values. For survey of types and estimation of density of tree species in the forest, we randomly distributed 97 circular sample plots (0.1 hectare (ha)). In each sample plot we identified all trees to the species level, recorded their frequencies and computed species diversity and importance value indices (IVI). A total of 13 tree species, which belong to 12 genera and nine families, were identified in the tree layer of the forest. Mean tree density in ANFR was 116 trees/ha, composed mainly of Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst. (48), followed by Combretum hartmannianu (19) and Lannea fruticosa (18). Fabaceae was the most common family followed by Combretaceae and Malvaceae. B. papyrifera Delile Hochst was the most abundant while Acacia seyal was the least abundant species. Species richness (R = 1.71), evenness (E = 0.69), dominance (0.24) indices and Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D' = 0.76) suggest a moderate diversity, moderate numbers of individuals in each species and a moderate community stability. The research provides empirical results on diversity and ecological importance value of species, signifies the urging need to safeguard threatened species and to prioritize them for conservation, as well as the need to promote management of abundant species to provide multiple forest ecosystem services.

关键词： Tree Species Diversity Dry-Land Forest Sudan

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The Spectrum of Nail Disorders in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Conservative Treatment: A Case-Control Study

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International Journal of Dermatology And Venereology 2024年第03期

作者： Shigidi Mazin MT Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Jouf University Al Jouf Saudi Arabia Nephrology Division Department of Medicine Baraha Medical City Khartoum North Khartoum State Sudan

Objective: Various nail disorders have been reported in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, few studies have investigated nail disorders in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. This study focused on nail disorders seen in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing conservative ***: A case-control study was conducted at Baraha Medical City in khartoum state, Sudan. Data on patients with ESRD who were on conservative treatment and presented for follow-up between March and September 2021 were collected. Patients’ demographic features, nail findings on clinical examination, and laboratory results were recorded. The obtained data were compared with those on age- and sex-matched healthy individuals from the general population. The chi-square test and Studentt test were performed to analyze categorical and numerical variables, ***: Data on 78 patients with ESRD were studied. Their mean age was 54.6?±?17.6 years, and 45 (57.7%) were men. These patients were compared with 129 controls. Nail disorders were seen in 65 (83.3%) ESRD patients and 86 (66.6%) controls (P = 0.009). Patients with ESRD were found to be at increased relative risk of developing a wide spectrum of nail disorders. An absent lunula, half-and-half nails, nail dystrophy, Terry’s nails, onychomycosis, and koilonychia were the most common disorders and were seen in 44 (56.4%), 13 (16.7%), 10 (12.8%), 9 (11.5%), 6 (7.7%), and 5 (6.4%) patients, respectively. Patients with ESRD had a statistically significant risk of developing above diseases (allP < 0.05).Conclusion: The current study demonstrated a wide spectrum of nail disorders in patients with ESRD undergoing conservative treatment. Further studies are essential to understand their pathogenesis.

关键词： end-stage renal disease chronic kidney disease nail disorders disease spectrum

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The prolactin receptor(PRLR)gene is linked to and associated with the comorbidity of depression and type 2 diabetes in Italian families

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 15-17页

作者： Mutaz Amin Rongling Wu Teodor T.Postolache Claudia Gragnoli INSERM US14-OrphanetParis 75014France University of Paris Paris 75013France Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology Faculty of MedicineAl-Neelain UniversityKhartoum 11121Sudan Department of Public health Sciences Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Statistics Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA Mood and Anxiety Program Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center(MIRECC) Veterans Integrated Service Network(VISN)19Military and Veteran Microbiome:Consortium for Research and Education(MVM-CoRE)DenverCO80246USA Mental illness Research Education and Clinical Center(MIRECC) Veterans Integrated Service Network(VISN)5VA Capitol Health Care NetworkBaltimoreMD 21090USA Division of Endocrinology Department of MedicineCreighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68124USA Molecular Biology Laboratory Bios Biotech Multi-Diagnostic Health CenterRome 00197Italy

Major depressive disorder(MDD)and type 2 diabetes(T2D)are two common complex multifactorial disorders that share several genetic and environmental risk factors such as hypercortisolism and related genes'riskvariants within the stress response and the neuroendocrine hypothalamicpituitary *** stress,the pituitary gland releases prolactin(PRL),whose effects are pleiotropic and include mood control and insulin secretion from the beta cells.1 Variations in the prolactin receptor(PRLR)gene are associated in rodent models with stress level,depressionlike behavior,2 and hepatic insulin sensitivity3 and in humans with maternal glucose homeostasis and gestational diabetes.

关键词： diabetes prolactin pituitary

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Gravity Investigation in Area East of River Nile (khartoum state)

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2003年第2期14卷 175-181页

作者： Eldawi M G Farwa A G Department of Geophysics China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 Department of Geology Faculty of Science University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan

The purpose of the study is to investigate the subsurface geology of the area. For quantitative interpretation of the resulting Bouguer anomalies, borehole data are explored. This is done along several profiles obtained from software program ***  version 2.2 No.175. This program is based on two dimensional mass distribution. The interpretation reveals two basinal features filling depressions in the basement complex named as Abu Harira basin and Kabbashi basin. They are structurally related to khartoum basin. As a result, a geological/structural map of the area in east of the Nile is produced. The basinal features in the study area are considered as parts of the central Sudan (khartoum basin) that had been subjected to several tectonic events that resulted in the formation of several fracture systems associated with block subsidence and formation of these basins.

关键词： khartoum basin Abu Harira basin Kabbashi basin.

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