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Effect of Different Norms of Under-Mulch-Drip Irrigation on Diurnal Changes of Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameter in High yield Cotton of Xinjiang

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2003年第5期2卷 533-538页

作者： LIShao-kun GOULing YUSong-lie CAOLian-pu ZHANGWang-feng RENLi-tong WANGZhen-lin KeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticandBreeding MinistryofAgriculture/InstituteofCropBreedingandCultivationChineseAcademyofagriculturalSciencesBeijing100081P.R.China KeyLaboratoryofOasisEcologyAgricultureofXinjiangBingtuan/researchcenterofxinjiangcrophigh-yield ShiheziUniversityShihexi832003P.R.China CollegeofAgronomy ShandongAgriculturalUniversityTai‘an271018P.R.China

Under-mulch-drip irrigation is an advanced irrigation technique, which combines plastic-film-covered cultivation with drip irrigation. The influence of different norms of under-mulch-drip irrigation on diurnal changes of photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cotton was studied, in order to understand the physiological mechanisms of water-saving and high-yielding farming in Xinjiang. Results indicated that limited drip irrigation, which supplies 2/3 of 375 m3 ha-1, the widely-used irrigation norm in cotton cultivation in Xinjiang, caused a water deficit in cotton field. Compared with the proper drip irrigation, the leaf photosynthetic rate under limited drip irrigation decreased during 9:00 to 11:00 a. m. , and was significantly suppressed at midday, and then recovered afterwards. Using the chlorophyll fluorescence method, the absorption, transfer and transformation features of solar radiation by cotton leaf were investigated. Under limited drip irrigation, the variable fluorescence (Fv) and primary light transfer efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) in cotton leaves were reduced because of the high light intensities and high temperatures at noon, and the decrease in XinluzaoS was greater than that in Xinluzao6. Therefore, it could be concluded that Xinluzao6 has a higher drought-tolerance, and the Fv/Fm ratio could be used as a drought-resistance index for cotton.

关键词： Cotton Photosynthesis Chlorophyll fluorescence Diurnal changes Under-mulch-drip irrigation

A Preliminary Study on Dynamics and Models of N,P,K Absorption for High-yield Cotton

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2003年第7期2卷 752-759页

作者： WANGKe-ru LIShao-kun CAOLian-pu SONGGuang-jie CHENGang CAOSuan-zhu XinjiangBingtuanKeyLaboratoryofOasisEcologyAgriculture ResearchCenterofXinjiangCropHigh-YieldShiheziUniversityShihezi832000P.R.China KeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticandBreeding MinistryofAgriculture/InstituteofCropBreedingandCultivationChineseAcademyofAgricultureSciencesBeijing100081P.R.China AgriculturalBureau TheThirdAgriculturalDivisionXinjiangBingtuanKashi844000P.R.China TheForty-fifthRegiment TheThirdAgriculturalDivisionXinjiangBingtuanKashi844603P.R.China

The field experiments were carried out to investigate the dynamics and models of N, P and K absorption for the cotton plants with a lint of 3 000 kg ha-1 in Xinjiang. The main results were as follows: The contents of N, P2O5, K2O in cotton leaves, stems, squares and bolls decreased obviously with the time over the whole growth duration and the falling extent was greater in high-yield cotton than in CK. Contents of N in leaves, squares and bolls, in particular in the leaves of fruit-bearing shoot was higher in high-yield cotton than in CK. Contents of P2O5 in squares and bolls and that of K2O in stems were higher in high-yield cotton than in CK during the whole growing period. The accumulations of N, P2O5 and K2O in the cotton plants could be described with a logistic curve equation. There was the fastest nutrient uptake at about 90 d for N, 92 d for P2O5 and 85 d for K2O after emergence, respectively. Total nutrient accumulation of N, P2O5 and K2O was 385.8, 244. 7 and 340.3 kg ha-1, respectively. Approximately 12. 5 kg N, 8. 0 kg P2O5 and 11.1 kg K2O were needed for producing 100 kg lint with the leaves and stems under the super high yield condition of 3 000 kg ha-1 in Xinjiang.

关键词： Xinjiang Cultivation of high yield Cotton N,P,K Absorption dynamics Model

Toward managing mixed-species stands： from parametrization to prescription

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第4期4卷 286-302页

作者： Hans Pretzsch Eric K. Zenner Chair for Forest Growth and yield Science Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Hans-Carl-von Carlowitz-Platz 2 85354 Freising Germany

A better understanding and a more quantitative design of mixed-species stands will contribute to more integrative and goal-oriented research in mixed-species forests. Much recent work has indicated that the structure and growth of mixed species forests may fundamentally differ from monocultures. Here we suggest how to progress from the present accumulation of phenomenological findings to a design of mixed-species stands and advanced silvicultural prescriptions by means of modelling. First, the knowledge of mixing effects on the structure and growth at the stand, species, and individual tree level is reviewed, with a focus on those findings that are most essential for suitable modelling and silvicultural designs and the regulation of mixed stands as opposed to monocultures. Then, the key role of growth models, stand simulators, and scenario assessments for designing mixed species stands is discussed The next section illustrates that existing forest stand growth models require some fundamental modifications to become suitable for both monocultures and mixed-species stands. We then explore how silvicultural prescriptions derived from scenario runs would need to be both quantified and simplified for transfer to forest management and demonstrated in training plots. Finally, we address the main remaining knowledge gaps that could be remedied through empirical research.

关键词： Multiplicative mixing effects Overyielding Overdensity Modelling mixing effects Scenario analysis,Silvicultural prescriptions Practical guidelines

Forestry projections for species diversity-oriented management:an example from Central Europe

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 244-261页

作者： Astor Toraño Caicoya Peter Biber Werner Poschenrieder Fabian Schwaiger Hans Pretzsch Chair of Forest Growth and yield Science Center of Life and Food Sciences WeihenstephanTechnische Universität MünchenHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz 2D-85354 FreisingGermany

Introduction:Changes in socio-economy and climate are affecting the demand of wood products *** the same time,society requires that forest supporting structures like biodiversity are maintained and preserved while the demand for wood products is also *** support systems,like forest simulation models,that are able to analyze connections as well as quantify trade-offs between forest structure management and biodiversity indicators are highly ***,such models are generally developed for the local plot or stand scale only and ecosystem-scale analyses are *** this study,we analyzed ways to interpret results from the single-tree forest simulator SILVA from the local to the ecosystem *** also analyzed the impacts of forest management on biodiversity using two species diversity indicators,the species profile index and the species intermingling,for scenarios adapted from the GLOBIOM model in the case study“Augsburg Western Forests”,a high productive region in *** order to evaluate diversity tendencies across the ecosystem,we applied a moving window ***:The relevance of scale for the interpretation of management effects on species diversity was shown and clear differences between scenarios *** differences between scenarios were particularly visible when comparing the two diversity indicators,especially because the species profile index focuses on vertical and horizontal information and the species intermingling focuses mainly on horizontal *** a multifunctional scenario,biodiversity values could be preserved at all scales in the vertical ***,under a bio-energy-oriented scenario diversity at the local scale was reduced,although at the ecosystem level,and only in the horizontal dimension,diversity remained at relatively high ***:With this work,we can conclude that integrative modeling,with multiple scenarios,is highly needed to support forestry decision m

关键词： Forest model Multifunctional forestry Growing window GLOBIOM

Study on the biomass change derived from the hyperspectral data of cotton leaves in canopy under moisture stress

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第A01期51卷 173-178页

作者： SUN Li CHEN Xi WU Jianjun FENG Xianwei BAO Anming MA Yaqin WANG Dengwei Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China State Remote Sensing Center Ministry of Science and Technology Beijing 100875 China Center of High-yield Crop Research Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China

在这研究，在美国做的一个 ASD 分光计被用来在北方 Xinjiang 在华盖导出棉花叶子的 hyperspectral 数据。红边的不可分的区域变量被用来在华盖在棉花叶子估计全部的氮(TN ) 内容。反射系列微分的第一份订单被执行。分析方法基于光谱位... 详细信息

在这研究，在美国做的一个 ASD 分光计被用来在北方 Xinjiang 在华盖导出棉花叶子的 hyperspectral 数据。红边的不可分的区域变量被用来在华盖在棉花叶子估计全部的氮(TN ) 内容。反射系列微分的第一份订单被执行。分析方法基于光谱位置变量从第一份订单被导出微分光谱数据。在红边的不可分的区域之间的关联上的分析( SDr ，认为是独立变量)并且 TN 内容(认为是功能)被执行，并且在在棉花变化的华盖叶子的红边和 TN 内容的不可分的区域之间的数学模型作为 Xinluzao 说出 No.6 的关联被开发。在在单个棉花的叶绿素内容和 TN 内容之间的关联上的分析在华盖与不同的水体积在灌溉下面成长离开被执行。结果证明在叶绿素内容和 TN 内容之间有重要积极关联(R = 0.8723， n = 39 ) ，并且叶绿素内容的数据能被用来在单个棉花叶子估计 TN 内容；在在在华盖的棉花叶子的红边和 TN 内容的不可分的区域变量之间的关联是重要的，他们的关联系数是 0.7394 ( n = 40 )，在作为 Xinluzao 号码 6 和号码 8 罐头说出的棉花变化的华盖叶子的 TN 内容被使用发达模型精确地估计，并且他们的 RMSE 价值分别地是 0.3859 和 0.4272 。在研究以后，有一个适用的潜力使用红边的不可分的区域变量在华盖在棉花叶子估计 TN 内容，这被考虑，并且数学模型与第三方面的区域变量发展了让高适用在在庄稼华盖导出 TN 内容珍视。认出应力由研究移动和红边的变化程度由棉花植物承受了的潮湿是可行的，这也被考虑，并且钥匙是开发相应合理识别索引系统。

关键词：水应力棉花光谱数据生物量

Differential modulation of crown allometry and stem growth at gap edges in five European tree species by drought conditions

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 618-631页

作者： Luke Bohnhorst Peter Biber Torben Hilmers Enno Uhl Hans Pretzsch Chair of Forest Growth and yield Science TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Bavarian State Institute of Forestry Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 185354FreisingGermany

Background In Central Europe,forests are increasingly affected by various disturbances,resulting in an increasing gap formation in the *** order to support goal-oriented management,more knowledge is required about the acclimation of the crown and its effects on the basal area growth of trees at the edge of a *** This work compared trees'growth and crown structure at the edge of a transient gap,with a gap size of more than 80m^(2),with trees in the stand that were at least 30m away from the gap.A total of 249 European beeches(Fagus sylvatica L.),Norway spruces(Picea abies ***),Scots pines(Pinus sylvestris L.),oaks(Quercus spp.;Quercus petraea(Matt.)Liebl.,Quercus robur L.),and silver firs(Abies alba Mill.)were examined on long-term experimental plots in southern *** crown measures were developed and calculated using high-resolution terrestrial laser scanning(TLiDAR)to capture the three-dimensional crown *** responses to edge conditions were measured based on tree *** linear mixed models,we predict the basal area increment of edge trees relative to trees in the stand under wet and dry soil moisture conditions after the gap *** We identified i)species-specific acclimation of the crown of edge trees after the gap formation,ii)under wet soil moisture conditions a growth increase of 25%–45%for beech,pine,and oak edge trees and growth losses of 5%–60%for spruce and fir and iii)coniferous tree species benefited from the edge position regarding their basal area increment under dry soil moisture conditions and deciduous tree species grew regardless of the soil moisture conditions at the edge of a *** Gaps have a species-specific effect on the habitus and growth of edge trees and can have both positive and negative impacts on silviculture.

关键词： Canopy gaps Disturbance Growth TLiDAR Drought stress Crown structure Acclimation

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the Shaker K+ Channel and HAK/KUP/KT Transporter Gene Families in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第11期91卷 2519-2536页

作者： Han Lei Junlin Li Zhizhong Song College of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of ShandongYantai264025China Shandong Institute of Sericulture Yantai264002China The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Ludong UniversityYantai264025China

Potassium(K+)is an essential macronutrient for plants to maintain normal growth and ***-like K+channels and HAK/KUP/KT transporters are critical components in the K+acquisition and *** this study,we identified 9 Shaker-like K+channel(VvK)and 18 HAK/KUP/KT transporter(VvKUP)genes in grape,which were renamed according to their distributions in the genome and relative linear orders among the distinct *** structure organizations were found within each group according to the exon/intron structure and protein motif *** distribution analysis showed that 9 VvK genes and 18 VvKUP genes were unevenly distributed on 7 or 10 putative grape *** pairs of tandem duplicated genes and one pair of segmental duplicated genes were observed in the expansion of the grape VvKUP *** expression omnibus(GEO)data analysis showed that VvK and VvKUP genes were expressed differentially in distinct *** cis-acting regulatory elements pertinent to phytohormone responses and abiotic stresses,including K+deficiency response and drought stress,were detected in the promoter region of VvK and VvKUP *** study provides valuable information for further functional studies of VvK and VvKUP genes,and lays a foundation to explore K+uptake and utilization in fruit trees.

关键词： Vitis vinifera Shaker-like K+channel HAK/KUP/KT transporter genome-wide analysis bioinformatics

De novo Transcriptome Analysis in Leymus mollis to Unveil Genes Involved in Salt Stress Response

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第8期91卷 1629-1642页

作者： Wenting Wu Yajing Zhang Yu Gao Kai Zhang Luying Zhu Hongxia Zhang College of Agriculture Ludong UniversityYantai264025China Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Ludong UniversityYantai264025China Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong Ludong UniversityYantai264025China

Leymus mollis,a wild relative of wheat,is very tolerant to salt stress,and has been considered as a valuable genetic resource for wheat ***,the genetic basis for salt tolerance of this species is still largely *** this study,de novo sequencing,assembly and analysis of *** transcriptome in response to salt stress was performed.A total of 110,323 and 112,846 unigenes were generated for the NaCl-free(CK)and 180 mM NaCl-treated(CT)library,*** the two libraries,73,414 unigenes were successfully annotated in five common protein databases,and 7521 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between CK and CT libraries were *** enrichment analysis of the DEGs showed that the significantly enriched GO terms were predominantly involved in environmental adaptation(including“response to abiotic stimulus”,“response to water deprivation”),regulation of signaling pathway(such as“regulation of abscisic acid mediated signaling pathway”,“regulation of cell communication”),and photosynthesis(including“response to light stimulus”,“photosynthesis,light harvesting”and“chlorophyll metabolic process”).KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that“mRNA surveillance pathway”,“RNA transport”and“plant hormone signal transduction”were predominantly enriched pathways,followed by several secondary metabolic pathways,photosynthesis,carbohydrate metabolism and lipid *** addition,DEGs related to osmotic stress,ion homeostasis and oxidative stress,including four dehydrins,five aquaporins,an LmNHX2 and several antioxidant enzymes or proteins genes,were found to be up-regulated in response to salt *** results will be helpful for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of salt responses in ***.

关键词： Leymus mollis transcriptome salt stress

加拿大杨木P-RC APMP浆及其漂白硫酸盐浆的协同效应

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中国造纸 2009年第B12期28卷 41-43页

作者： ERICC．XU YAJUN ZHOU Andritz Inc. Springfield OH USA Tembec High yield Pulp Division Temiscaming Quebec Canada

单独和以小同配比对加拿大杨木P-RC APMP浆及其漂白硫酸盐商品浆进行低浓磨浆，比较了其性质。结果如下，①加拿大杨木P—RC APMP浆及其漂白硫酸盐浆和纤维内结合强度方面有协同效应：与两种浆料的加权作用相比，混合后的浆料有更高的... 详细信息

单独和以小同配比对加拿大杨木P-RC APMP浆及其漂白硫酸盐商品浆进行低浓磨浆，比较了其性质。结果如下，①加拿大杨木P—RC APMP浆及其漂白硫酸盐浆和纤维内结合强度方面有协同效应：与两种浆料的加权作用相比，混合后的浆料有更高的抗张强度、抗张能量吸收和仲长率；②用一定配比的杨木P—RC APMP浆代替漂白硫酸盐杨木浆不仅能提高浆料的松厚度、光散射系数和不透明度，还能提高抗张强度、抗张能量吸收和伸长率；③在硫酸盐杨木浆中加入杨木P-RC APMP浆不会改变游离度／能量的曲线变化趋势。

关键词：协同效应化学机械浆化学浆杨木