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Biomarker evidence for biotic and environmental change across the Cambrian Series 2–Series 3 boundary at the Wuliu- Zengjiayan section, Guizhou, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第11期57卷 2781-2790页

作者： WANG ChunJiang ZHAO YuanLong PENG Jin YANG XinLian BAI Jie LIU Yue CHEN Tao State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum College of Resource and Environment Engineering Guizhou University

The Wuliu-Zengjiayan section in Jianhe County, Guizhou Province, China has been suggested as a potential Global Stratotype Section and Point(GSSP) for the defined base of Cambrian Series 3. A molecular organic geochemical study on the Cambrian Series 2Series 3 boundary interval was carried out to reveal the biotic and environmental change during this transition. The hydrocarbons extracted from the Kaili Formation were proved to be indigenous. The various geochemical proxies such as biomarker parameter, δ13Corg, atomic H/C value of kerogen, and TOC content, co-vary along with the sedimentary column, and show a quick and significant change just across the Cambrian Series 2Series 3 boundary. The less abundance of isoprenoid hydrocarbons, the relative enrichment of midchain monomethyl branched alkanes(mmb-alkanes), the relatively negative value of δ13Corg, and the higher TOC contents may suggest that the upper Cambrian Series 2 was deposited in a relatively reducing environment with a higher organic input from cyanobacteria-predominated benthic microbial mats. On the other hand, the relative enrichment of isoprenoid hydrocarbons, the less abundance of mmb-alkanes, the relatively positive value of δ13Corg, the lower TOC contents, and the lower atomic H/C values of kerogen are combined to indicate an enhanced phytoplankton production and an increased oxygen content and nutrients in the ocean during the early Cambrian Series 3, which could have benefited the explosion of the Kaili Biota. The Wuliu-Zengjiayan section may provide a typical case to understand the co-variation of marine microbe, animal, and environment.

关键词： Wuliu-Zengjiayan Cambrian Series 2-Series 3 boundary biomarker organic carbon isotope biotic and environmentalchange

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Geochemistry, U-Pb Geochronology and Sr-Nd-Hf Isotopes of the Early Cretaceous Volcanic Rocks in the Northern Da Hinggan Mountains

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第1期89卷 203-216页

作者： HU Xinlu YAO Shuzhen HE Mouchun DING Zhenju CHEN Bin Faculty of Earth resources China University of Geosciences key laboratory of Tectonics and petroleum resources Ministry of Education State key laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences

Whole-rock geochemical, zircon U-Pb geochronological and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic data are presented for the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks from the northern Da Hinggan Mountains. The volcanic rocks generally display high SiO2 （73.19-77.68 wt%） and Na20＋K20 （6.53-8.98 wt%） contents, with enrichment in Rb, Th, U, Pb and LREE, and depletion in Nb, Ta, P and Ti. Three rhyolite samples, one rhyolite porphyry sample, and one volcanic breccia sample yield weighted mean 206pb/23SU ages of 135.1±1.2 Ma, 116.5±1.1 Ma, 121.9±1.0 Ma, 118.1±0.9 Ma and 116.9±1.4 Ma, respectively. All these rocks have moderate （STSr/S6Sr）i values of 0.704912 to 0.705896, slightly negative eNd（t） values of -1.4 to -0.1, and positive Cur（t） values of 3.7 to 8. Their zircon Hf and whole-rock Nd isotopic model ages range from 594 to 1024 Ma. These results suggest that the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks were originated from melting of subducted oceanic crust and associated sediments during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.

关键词： U-Pb geochronology Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes volcanic rocks Early Cretaceous Da HingganMountains

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Tectonic evolution and its control over deposition in fault basins: A case study of the Western Sag of the Cenozoic Liaohe Depression, eastern China

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petroleum Science 2013年第3期10卷 269-281页

作者： Zhang Zhen Bao Zhidong Tong Hengmao Wang Yong Li Haowu Institute of Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences key laboratory of Saline Lake resources and Environments Ministry of Land and Resources College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum State key laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company Research Institute of petroleum Exploration & Development

The main petroliferous basins in eastern China are Cenozoic fault basins, most of which have experienced two-stage tectonic evolution, i.e., rifting subsidence in the Paleogene and post-rifting thermal subsidence in the Neogene-Quaternary. The episodic tectonic evolution and syndepositional faulting had significant influence on the fault basins in terms of accommodation space, deposition rate, and depositional facies zones. In this study, the tectonic deformation characteristics and the tectonic-depositional evolution of the Western Sag of the Cenozoic Liaohe Depression were investigated by comprehensive analysis of the available geological and geophysical data using the modern theory of tectonic geology and the balanced section technique. The tectonic deformation of the Cenozoic fault basin was characterized by superimposed faults and depression. In addition, there existed relatively independent but still related extensional tectonic systems and strike-slip tectonic systems. The tectonic evolution of the fault basin involved five stages, i.e., initial rifting stage （E2s4）, intense faulting stage （E2s3）, fault-depression transition stage （E3sl2）, differential uplifting stage （E3d）, and depression stage （N-Q）. According to the characteristics of tectonic development and evolution of the Western Sag, the depositional evolution in the Cenozoic fault basin was divided into two stages, i.e., multi-episodic rifting filling in the Paleogene and post-rifting filling in the Neogene-Quaternary. The former rifting stage was further subdivided into four episodes with different characteristics of depositional development. The episodic faulting controlled the filling process and filling pattern of the Cenozoic Western Sag as well as the development and spatial distribution of associated depositional systems, whereas the syndepositional faults that developed in multiple stages in various tectonic positions controlled the development of depositional systems and sand bodies in the W

关键词： Fault basin syndepositional fault tectonic evolution depositional evolution Western Sag

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Experimental investigation of tubing collar's influence on hydrodynamic behavior of annular duct flow

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petroleum Science 2022年第5期19卷 2326-2342页

作者： Yi-Su Zhou Zhong-Wei Huang Zhuang-Zhuang Zhang Tian-Wen Jiang Rui-Yue Yang Ming-He Zhang State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum ChangpingBeijing 102249China China University of petroleum(Beijing) ChangpingBeijing 102249China

Tubing collars’influence on hydrodynamic behavior of annular duct flow has been investigated using Particle Image Velocity(PIV)*** has become an efficient method for complex transient flows visualization.A water flow loop with two replaceable variable cross-sections(VCS),75-90 mm and 90-110 mm,in a 129 mm inner diameter(ID)pipe was *** whole field of the variable cross-section annulus(VCSA)was visualized,including forward-facing step(FFS),narrow annulus(NA),and backwardfacing step(BFS)*** VCSA ratio and Reynolds(Re)number influence on streamline distribution,velocity distribution,and turbulence intensity were *** showed that the recirculation is easier to form in BFS than FFS flow under the same *** VCSA ratio affects the formation of recirculation zones and the location of the reattachment *** number mainly affects BFS flow by influencing the main velocity component-axial *** turbulence intensity is relatively high in BFS than FFS flow and is larger at y/h>1.0 than y/h<***,the streamwise cohere nt structures reveal that the first two modes are predominant and represent the main characteristics of the flow by proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)method.

关键词： Variable cross-section annulus flow Sudden contraction and expansion Hydrodynamic behavior PIV POD

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An integral method for calculation of capillary pressure based on centrifuge data of tight sandstone

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petroleum Science 2022年第1期19卷 91-99页

作者： Wei Xu Hang Huang Shi-Zhen Ke Jin-Peng Li Hai-Feng Zhang Yu-Bo Hu key laboratory of Exploration Technology for Oil and Gas resources of Ministry of Education Yangtze UniversityWuhanHubei 430100China State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong 266580China

The traditional Hassler-Brunner(HB)interpretation method of centrifuge capillary pressure is widely used in materials,soil,biotechnology,and especially in the petroleum ***,the assumptions of the traditional method cannot be simultaneously satisfied,the traditional method has been known to lead significant errors in some *** this paper,a new double integral method is proposed to evaluate the centrifuge capillary pressure of long tight sandstone *** the changes of capillary length and interface of wetting phase and non-wetting phase fluids are considered by the new integral method,thus the average pressure and saturation derived from the proposed double integral method is more sufficient in theoretic foundation and clearer on physical *** comparing with the measured capillary pressure of long tight sandstone core samples from porous plate,the capillary pressure calculated from traditional HB method is obviously smaller than the measured value,and the discrepancy increases with the decreasing core ***,the average capillary pressure obtained by the proposed double integral method is remarkably consistent with the measured *** findings of this study can help for better understanding of distribution of wetting phase fluid and average centrifuge capillary pressure in the core during centrifugal process.

关键词： Centrifuge method Capillary pressure Tight sandstone NMR Water saturation

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Pore scale performance evaluation and impact factors in nitrogen huff-n-puff EOR for tight oil

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petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 2932-2940页

作者： Yi-Lei Song Zhao-Jie Song Yun-Fei Zhang Ze-Hui Xie Li-Chao Zhang Dai-Gang Wang Gang Hui College of Carbon Neutral Energy State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting and Unconventional Petroleum Research InstituteChina University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102249China

Nitrogen huff-n-puff(N_(2)HnP) appears to be an economical and high-efficiency enhanced oil recovery(EOR) technique for tight oil *** is however a lack of understanding of the pore-level EOR performance of N2HnP under tight reservoir *** this work,a non-magnetic reactor was created and combined with a nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) device for real-time monitoring of oil distribution in the HnP experiment.N_(2)HnP experiments were then performed in a tight sandstone core sample at a temperature of 353 K and an injection pressure≥ 24 *** pore-level oil distribution under reservoir conditions was monitored and the EOR performance of N2HnP in specific pores was *** pore throat structures of the core sample and the phase behavior of the N_(2)-Oil system were analyzed to elucidate the EOR mechanism of N_(2)*** oil recovery factor of 37.52% can be achieved after four cycles,which proves the EOR potential of N_(2)HnP for tight *** highest recoveries after N_(2)HnP are obtained in the large pores,followed by the medium pores,the small pores,and finally the micro *** in soaking time and injection pressure resulted in slight and pronounced increases in oil recovery,respectively,both of which are mainly reflected in the first ***,increasing the soaking time only slightly improves the cumulative oil recovery in the small pores while increasing the injection pressure significantly improves the cumulative oil recovery in the small,medium,and large pores ***,variations in both injection pressure and soaking time have a negligible effect on the cumulative oil recovery of the micro pores.

关键词： Tight oil reservoirs N_(2)huff-n-puff Pore-level production characteristics Impact factors Nuclear magnetic resonance

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The metallogenic environment of the Dounan manganese deposit,Southeast Yunnan, China: evidence from geochemistry and Mössbauer spectroscopic

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Acta Geochimica 2019年第1期38卷 78-94页

作者： Jianbing Duan Yazhou Fu Zhengwei Zhang Xiangxian Ma Jiafei Xiao State key laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of petroleum resources Gansu ProvinceKey Laboratory of Petroleum Resources ResearchInstitute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The Dounan manganese deposit is a typical large-scale marine sedimentary manganese deposit of the Middle Triassic in China. The metallogenic environment and change process directly dictate the migration, enrichment, and precipitation of Mn. To better understand its metallogenetic environment, a detailed study was undertaken involving field observation, mineralogical and geochemical and M?ssbauer spectroscopic analyses. The major findings are as follows:(1) Lithofacies paleogeography, sedimentary structural characteristics, and geochemical indexes indicate that the deposits were formed in an epicontinental marine sedimentary basin environment of normal salinity;(2) there were three ore phases including Mn oxides, Mn carbonates, and mixed Mn ores. The ore minerals found were braunite, manganite, Ca-rhodochrosite, manganocalcite, and kutnahorite. Petrographic and mineralogical information indicates that the metallogenic environment was a weakly alkaline and weakly oxidized to weakly reduced environment, and the mineralization occurred near the redox interface;(3) the V/(V + Ni)ratios, δCe and Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+) found in profiles of Baigu and Gake ore sections show that the redox conditions of the ore-forming environment were continuously changing; and(4) three Fe species, α-Fe_2O_3, para-Fe^(3+), and para-Fe^(2+),were found in hematite and clay mineral samples using M?ssbauer spectrum analysis. The presence and distribution of these Fe species indicate that the deposit was formed in a typical sedimentary environment during the mineralization process. In summary, our study showed that redox was a key factor controlling the mineralization of the Dounan manganese deposit. Our results have led us to the conclusion that transgression and regression caused fluctuations in sea level, which in turn caused the change of the redox environment. M?ssbauer spectroscopy is an effective tool for studying the redox conditions of the paleoenvironment in which sedimentary manganese deposit

关键词： Dounan manganese deposit Metallogenetic environment Mössbauer spectroscopy Geochemistry

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The enhancement of performance and imbibition effect of slickwater-based fracturing fluid by using MoS_(2)nanosheets

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petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 2187-2201页

作者： Hang Xu Yuan Li Guo-Lin Yu Sa-Sa Yang Bo-Jun Li Fu-Jian Zhou Er-Dong Yao Hao Bai Zhi-Yu Liu Unconventional petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China National key laboratory of petroleum resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China

Slickwater-based fracturing fluid has recently garnered significant attention as the major fluid for volumetric fracturing;however,lots of challenges and limitations such as low viscosity,poor salt tolerance,and possible formation damage hinder the application of the conventional simple slickwater-based fracturing *** addition,nanomaterials have proven to be potential solutions or improvements to a number of challenges associated with the *** this paper,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))nanosheets were chemically synthesized by hydrothermal method and applied to improve the performance of conventional slickwater-based fracturing ***,the microstructure characteristics and crystal type of the MoS_(2)nanosheets were analyzed by SEM,EDS,TEM,XPS,and Raman spectroscopy ***,a series of evaluation experiments were carried out to compare the performance of MoS_(2)nanosheet-modified slickwater with the conventional slickwater,including rheology,drag reduction,and sand ***,the enhanced imbibition capacity and potential mechanism of the nanosheet-modified slickwater were systematically *** results showed that the self-synthesized MoS_(2)nanosheets displayed a distinct ultrathin flake-like morphology and a lateral size in the range of tens of *** the nano-composites,each MoS_(2)nanosheet plays the role of cross-linking point,so as to make the spatial structure of the entire system more ***,nanosheet-modified slickwater demonstrates more excellent properties in rheology,drag reduction,and sand *** nanosheet-modified slickwater has a higher apparent viscosity after shearing 120 min under 90℃ and 170 s^(−1).The maximum drag reduction rate achieved 76.3%at 20℃,and the sand settling time of proppants with different mesh in the nano-composites was *** imbibition experiments showed that the gel-breaking fluid of nanosheet-modified slickwater exhibited excellent capability of

关键词： Slickwater-based fracturing fluid MoS_(2)nanosheet Performance evaluation spontaneous imbibition Climbing film

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Pore-scale study of the pressure-sensitive effect of sandstone and its influence on multiphase flows

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petroleum Science 2019年第2期16卷 382-395页

作者： Jun-Jian Li Yang Liu Ya-Jun Gao Bao-Yang Cheng Han-Qiao Jiang State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum CNOOC Research Institute Co.Ltd

The pressure-sensitive effect on the pore structure of sandstone was investigated using X-ray computed micro-tomography and QEMSCAN quantitative mineral analysis. In a physical simulation study, we extracted the pore network model from digital cores at different confining pressures and evaluated the effect of pressure sensitivity on the multiphase displacement process. In both the pore network model and QEMSCAN scanning, the pore structure was observed to be damaged under a high confining pressure. Due to their different scales, the pores and throats exhibited inhomogeneous changes; further, the throats exhibited a significant variation compared to that exhibited by the pores. Meanwhile, the heterogeneity of the pore structure under the two aforementioned activities was aggravated by the elastic-plastic deformation of the pore *** pressure-sensitive effect increased the proportion of mineral particles, such as quartz(the main component of the core skeleton), and reduced the proportion of clay minerals. The clay minerals were originally attached to the pore walls or interspersed in the pores; however, as the pressure increased, the clay minerals accumulated in the pores resulting in blockage of the pores. While simulating the multiphase displacement process, increasing the confining pressure was observed to severely restrict the flowability of oil and water. This study promises to improve the efficiency of reservoir development in terms of oil and gas exploitation.

关键词： Pressure sensitive - QEMSCAN Micro-CT Pore network model Multiphase flow

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Terahertz-dependent PM2.5 monitoring and grading in the atmosphere

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2018年第10期61卷 60-69页

作者： XinYang Miao HongLei Zhan Kun Zhao ZhenWei Zhang Lei Xu CunLin Zhang LiZhi Xiao State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing key laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum Department of Material Science and Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing Department of Physics Capital Normal University

Rapid industrialization and economic development have led to serious pollution in the form of fine particulate matter(PM2.5,particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm). In China, PM2.5 has been one of the most debated topics in councils of government and issues of public concern. Terahertz(THz) radiation was employed to measure the PM2.5 in the atmosphere from September 2014 to April 2015 in Beijing. Comparison of the PM2.5 level from the website with THz absorbance revealed a significant phenomenon: THz radiation can be used to monitor PM2.5 in the atmosphere. During Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) 2014, "APEC Blue" was also recorded in a THz system. The relationship between absorbance and PM2.5 demonstrates that THz radiation is an effective selection for air pollution grading. Based on the absorbance spectra, the elemental compositions were studied by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy(2 DCOS) in conjunction with X-ray *** single absorption peaks were revealed and caused by sulphate from coal combustion, vehicle exhaust emissions and secondary reactions. Furthermore, mathematical algorithms, such as the BPANN and SVM, can process the THz absorbance data and greatly improve the precision of the estimation of PM2.5 mass. Our results suggest that THz spectroscopy can not only reveal the component information for pollution source determination, but quantitatively monitor the PM2.5 content for pollution level evaluation. Therefore, the use of THz radiation is a new method for future air pollution monitoring and grading systems.

关键词： terahertz PM2.5 monitoring grading

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