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The characteristics of unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene and its significance in hydrocarbon migration in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar Basin, Northwest China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2013年第2期32卷 181-190页

作者： GAO Xiaoyue LIU Luofu WANG Ying JIANG Zhenxue LIU Guodong SHANG Xiaoqing State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene, located in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar Basin, Northwest China, is one of the most important hydrocarbon migration pathways and characterized by 3 layers of upper coarse clastic rock, lower weathering crust and leached zone. The upper coarse clastic rock displays features of higher density, lower SDT and gamma-ray logging while the weathering crust in the lower part displays opposite features. The formation water is of NaHCO 3 type but at lower mineralization degree. The QGF indices are generally between 2.19 and 3.77 and the GOI parameters vary from 1% to 5%. From the southeast to the northwest of the sag, the content of saturated hydrocarbon increases from 30.81% to 53.74% while that of non-hydrocarbon and asphaltene decreases. The Pr/nC 17 decreases from 0.65 to 0.47 while the Ph/nC 18 decreases from 0.66 to 0.27, and the content of benzo[c] carbazole declines while the benzo[a] carbazole amount and (alkyl carbazole)/(alkyl+benzo carbazole) ratio both increase. These revealed that the hydrocarbons migrated from the sag to the ramp region along the unconformity surface.

关键词：中国西北地区油气运移通道准噶尔盆地不整合面古近系凹陷底部苯并咔唑

Oil filling history of the Bashituo Oilfield in the Markit Slope,SW Tarim Basin,China

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petroleum Science 2013年第1期10卷 58-64页

作者： Cui Jingwei Wang Tieguan Li Meijun Ou Guangxi Geng Feng Hu Jian Research Institute of petroleum Exploration&Development key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Northwest Branch Company SINOPEC

The Markit Slope is an important area for the petroleum exploration in the Tarim Basin. Elucidation of the oil filling history of discovered oilfields has great significance for recognizing the accumulation processes of the whole region. Using molecular geochemistry, fluid inclusion techniques and basin modeling, we studied the oil filling process of the Bashituo Oilfield that is located in the west of the Markit Slope. The molecular migration indexes, such as the methyldibenzothiophene ratio （4-/1-MDBT）, trimethylnaphthalene ratio （TMNr） and pyrrolic nitrogen compounds content, decrease from west to east, indicating that the charging direction and migration pathways are from west to east. Lithological analysis and homogenization temperatures of saline fluid inclusions accompanied with oil fluid inclusions suggest that two charging periods occurred in the Devonian oil reservoir. Combining the burial history and heating history of well BT4, Basinmod 1D software modeling shows the two oil filling periods are from 290 Ma to 285 Ma and from l0 Ma to 4 Ma, respectively, and later oil filling dominates. This study may be helpful to understand the accumulation process and provide useful references for oil and gas exploration in the Markit Slope.

关键词： Oil migration direction filling time fluid inclusion basin modeling Tarim Basin

Permeability measurement of the fracture-matrix system with 3D embedded discrete fracture model

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petroleum Science 2022年第4期19卷 1757-1765页

作者： Bao Jia Cheng-Gang Xian State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Bejing)Beijing 102249China Unconventional petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum(Bejing)Bejing 102249China

In this work, we performed the pulse-decay experiment on a fractured shale core and applied the 3 D embedded discrete fracture model(EDFM) to simulate the experiment process. The irregularly rough fracture surface was depicted in detail using a 3 D scanner. Then the fracture surface profile was imported in the discrete fracture network model to simulate the flow process in the fracture-matrix system realistically. History matching was efficiently performed to simultaneously obtain porosity and permeability for the matrix and fracture. Gas properties after applying nanopore confinement were obtained by modifying Sutton's viscosity correlation with sensitivity analysis on the pore diameter ranging from 2 to50 nm. Nanopore confinement results in low matched permeability due to viscosity reduction in the matrix-only porous media. The fracture-matrix system complicates the interpretation of nanopore confinement impact on flow behavior in shale reservoirs. Different scenarios of the highly fractured and matrix-dominated systems were discussed in detail by constructing the digital twin model.

关键词： Permeability Fracture Pulse-decay Shale Viscosity

Applications of texture attribute analysis to seismic interpretation

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第9期21卷 3617-3626页

作者：啜晓宇王尚旭施佩东未晛陈伟 State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting(China University of petroleum-Beijing) College of Geophysics and Information Engineering China University of Petroleum-Beijing

The first generation coherence algorithm(namely C1 algorithm) is based on the statistical cross-correlation theory, which calculates the coherency of seismic data along both in-line and cross-line. The work, based on texture technique, makes full use of seismic information in different directions and the difference of multi-traces, and proposes a novel methodology named the texture coherence algorithm for seismic reservoir characterization, for short TEC algorithm. Besides, in-line and cross-line directions, it also calculates seismic coherency in 45° and 135° directions deviating from in-line. First, we clearly propose an optimization method and a criterion which structure graylevel co-occurrence matrix parameters in TEC algorithm. Furthermore, the matrix to measure the difference between multi-traces is constructed by texture technique, resulting in horizontal constraints of texture coherence attribute. Compared with the C1 algorithm, the TEC algorithm based on graylevel matrix is of the feature that is multi-direction information fusion and keeps the simplicity and high speed, even it is of multi-trace horizontal constraint, leading to significantly improved resolution. The practical application of the TEC algorithm shows that the TEC attribute is superior to both the C1 attribute and amplitude attribute in identifying faults and channels, and it is as successful as the third generation coherence.

关键词： texture coherence graylevel attribute multi-traces

A pre-Paleogene unconformity surface of the Sikeshu Sag, Junggar Basin: Lithological, geophysical and geochemical implications for the transportation of hydrocarbons

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 779-786页

作者： Xiaoyue Gao Luofu Liu Zhenxue Jiang Xiaoqing Shang Guodong Liu State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene is one of the most important migration pathways in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar Basin,which consists of three layers：upper coarse clastic rock,lower weathering crust and leached *** upper coarse clastic rock is characterized by higher density and lower SDT and gamma-ray logging parameters,while the lower weathering crust displays opposite *** transport coefficient of the unconformity surface is controlled by its position in respect to the basal sandstone; it is higher in the ramp region but lower in the adjacent uplifted and sag *** content of saturated hydrocarbons increases with the decrease of the content of nonhydrocarbons and *** content of benzo[c] carbazole decreases as the content of benzo[a]carbazole and [alkyl carbazole]/[alkyl ＋ benzo carbazole] *** suggests that the unconformity surface is an efficient medium for the transportation of hydrocarbons.

关键词： Transportation and accumulation of hydrocarbons Lithology Rock density SDT and gamma-ray logging Benzo carbazole Alkyl carbazole

Sorption of uranyl ions on TiO_2:Effects of pH,contact time,ionic strength,temperature and HA

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 115-123页

作者： Jingjing Wang Bihong He Xiaoyan Wei Ping Li Jianjun Liang Shirong Qiang Qiaohui Fan Wangsuo Wu Radiochemistry laboratory School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University key laboratory of petroleum resources Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province Institute of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou University

Sorption of U(VI) onto TiO_2 as functions of pH, ionic strength, contact time, soil humic acid(SHA), solid-to-liquid ratio and temperature was studied under ambient conditions using batch and spectroscopic approaches. The sorption of U(VI) on TiO_2 was significantly dependent on pH and ionic strength. The presence of SHA slightly enhanced the sorption of U(VI) on TiO_2 below pH 4.0, while it inhibited U(VI) sorption in the higher pH range. U(VI)sorption on TiO_2 was favored at high temperatures, and the sorption process was estimated to be endothermic and spontaneous. Reduction of U(VI) to lower valent species was confirmed by X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy analysis. It is very interesting to find that U(VI) sorption on TiO_2 was promoted in solutions with higher back-ground electrolyte concentrations. In the presence of U(VI), higher back-ground electrolyte made more TiO_2 particles aggregate through(001) facets, leading more(101) facets to be exposed. Therefore, the reduction of U(VI) was enhanced by the exposed(101) facets and more U(VI) removal was observed.

关键词： Sorption Uranium TiO2 Ionic strength Soil humic acid

Effect of hydraulic fracturing induced stress field on weak surface activation during unconventional reservoir development

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petroleum Science 2023年第5期20卷 3119-3130页

作者： Jie Bai Xiao-Qiong Wang Hong-Kui Ge Hu Meng Ye-Qun Wen Unconventional petroleum Research Institute China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China State key laboratory of petroleum resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China

Unconventional reservoirs usually contain many weak surfaces such as faults,laminae and natural fractures,and effective activation and utilization of these weak surfaces in reservoirs can significantly improve the extraction *** hydraulic fracturing,when the artificial fracture approaches the natural fracture,the natural fracture would be influenced by both the original in-situ stress field and the hydraulic fracturing-induced stress *** this paper,the hydraulic fracturing-induced stress field is calculated based on the relative position of hydraulic fracture and natural fracture,the original in-situ stress,the net pressure inside the hydraulic fracture and the pore pressure of the ***,the stability model of the natural fracture is established by combining the Mohr-Coulomb rupture criterion,and extensive parametric studies are conducted to explore the impact of each parameter on the stability of the natural *** validity of the proposed model is verified by comparing with the reservoir characteristics and fracturing process of the X-well 150e155 formation in the Songliao *** is found that the stress field induced by the hydraulic fracture inhibits the activation of the natural fracture after the artificial fracture crossed the natural ***,for similar reservoirs as X-well 150e155,it is suggested to connect natural fractures with hydraulic fractures first and then activate natural fractures which can effectively utilize the natural fractures and form a complex fracture network.

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing Induced stress field Weak surface Natural fracture stability Fracturing characteristics

Mid-Cretaceous Hothouse Climate and the Expansion of Early Angiosperms

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第5期92卷 2004-2025页

作者： ZHANG Mingzhen DAI Shuang DU Baoxia JI Liming HU Shusheng key laboratory of petroleum resources Gansu Province/ Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of Mineral resources in Western China (Gansu Province) and School of Earth Science Lanzhou University Division of Paleobotany Peabody Museum of Natural History Yale University

The remarkable transition of early angiosperms from a small to a dominant group characterized the terrestrial ecosystem of the Cretaceous. This transition was instigated and promoted by environmental changes. Mid-Cretaceous is characterized by major geological events that affected the global environment. δ^18O, palaeothermometer TEX86, and other climatic indices from marine sediments suggest rapid temperature increase during mid-Cretaceous despite occasional short cooling events. Simultaneously, terrestrial deposits in East Asia changed from coal-bearing to shale, then to red beds and evaporites. Plant assemblages and other paleoclimate indicators point to rapid aridification for midCretaceous terrestrial environments. In addition, the wildfires were frequently spread all over the earth by the numerous charcoal evidence during the Mid-Cretaceous. Thus, we speculate that the seasonally dry and hot conditions of mid-Cretaceous created a fiery hothouse world. Early angiosperms increased in abundance and diversity and evolved from a few aquatic species to terrestrial herbaceous and then to the diversified flora of today. Angiosperms showed rapid physiological evolution in vein density and leaf area that improved photosynthesis and water absorption. These ecophysiological changes made early angiosperms well adapted to the hot and dry environment in mid-Cretaceous. Moreover, these physiological changes facilitated the fire–angiosperm cycles in mid-Cretaceous that likely further stimulated the early angiosperm evolution.

关键词： Mid-Cretaceous hothouse wildfire early angiosperm diversification

Middle Cretaceous pCO_2 Variation in Yumen, Gansu Province and its Response to the Climate Events

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第2期92卷 801-813页

作者： LEI Xiangtong DU Zhen DU Baoxia ZHANG Mingzhen SUN Bainian School of Earth Sciences & key laboratory of Mineral resources in Western China (Gansu Province) Lanzhou University State key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of petroleum resources Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The palaeo-atmospheric CO2 concentration （pCOz） variation in the Yumen, Gansu Province during the middle Cretaceous has been reconstructed using the newly established plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanistic model, and the results show that the pCO2 values are in the range of about 550 -808 ppmv. The present pCO2 values are higher than the pCO2 results （531-641 ppmv） of the previous study according to the Recent standardization of the stomatal ratio method, and much lower than the pCO2 results （882-1060 ppmv） according to the Carboniferous standardization of the stomatal ratio method. The present pCOz variation is not only within the error range of GEOCARB II and GEOCARB Ill but also is similar to the reconstructed results based on the biochemistry and carbon isotope models. Besides, the present Brachyphyllum specimens were collected from four consecutive horizons of the upper Zhonggou Formation of the Hanxia Section, and the reconstructed pCO2 exhibits the reconstructed pCO2 exhibits a decline trend during the late Aptian to early Albian. This decline variation is probably associated with the Oceanic Anoxic Events （OAElb） and the Cold snap event. With the combination of pCO2 during the Albian to Cenomanian recovered by the plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanistic model, the pCO2 showed a prominent increase during the late Aptian to early Cenominian, which indicates a response to the greenhouse warming during the middle Cretaceous. Therefore, the mechanical model of the plant photosynthetic gas exchange shows a relatively strong accuracy in the reconstruction of thepCO2 and can reflect a strong relation between the atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climatic events.

关键词： pCO2 greenhouse climate plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanical model OAElb,Cold snap