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Response of runoff and its components to climate change in the Manas River of the Tian Shan Mountains

Advances in Climate Change research 2024年第1期15卷 62-74页

作者： Ze-Long YANG Peng BAI key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10010lChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

A warming-wetting climate trend has led to increased runoff in most watersheds in the Tian Shan Mountains over the past few ***,it remains unclear how runoff components,that is,rainfall runoff(Rrain),snowmelt runoff(Rsnow),and glacier meltwater(Rglacier),responded to historical climate change and how they will evolve under future climate change ***,we used a modified Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning(HBV)model and a detrending method to quantify the impact of precipitation and temperature changes on runoff components in the largest river(Manas River)on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains from 1982 to 2015.A multivariate calibration strategy,including snow cover,glacier area,and runoff was implemented to constrain model parameters associated with runoff *** downscaled outputs of 12 general circulation models(GCMs)from the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)were also used to force the modified HBV model to project the response of runoff and its components to future(2016-2100)climate change under three common socio-economic pathways(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585).The results indicate that Rrain dominates mean annual runoff with a proportion of 42%,followed by Rsnow(37%)and Rglacier(21%).In terms of inter-annual variation,Rrain and Rsnow show increasing trends(0.93(p0.05)mm per year),while Rglacier exhibits an insignificant(p>0.05)decreasing trend(-0.12 mm per year),leading to an increasing trend in total runoff(1.12 mm per year,p>0.05).The attribution analysis indicates that changes in precipitation and temperature contribute 8.16 and 10.37 mm,respectively,to the increase in runoff at the mean annual *** wetting(increased precipitation)increases Rrain(5.03 mm)and Rsnow(3.19 mm)but has a limited effect on Rglacier(-0.06 mm),while warming increases Rrain(10.69 mm)and Rglacier(5.79 mm)but decreases Rsnow(-6.12 mm).The negative effect of glacier shrinkage on Rglacier has outweighed the

关键词： Tian Shan Rainfall runoff Snowmelt runoff Glacier meltwater Warming-wetting Tipping point

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Temporal variability of global potential water erosion based on an improved USLE model

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International Soil and water Conservation research 2024年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Jialei Li Muqi Xiong Ranhao Sun Liding Chen State key laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049China key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Assessing spatiotemporal variation in global soil erosion is essential for identifying areas that require greater attention and management under the effects of anthropogenic activities and climate *** erosion can be modelled using the universal soil loss equation(USLE),which includes rainfall erosivity(R-factor),vegetation cover(C-factor),topography(LS-factor),soil erodibility(K-factor),and management practices(P-factor).However,global soil erosion modeling faces numerous challenges,including data acquisition,calculation processes,and parameter calibration under different climatic and topographic ***,we presented an improved USLE-based model using highly distributed *** R-,C-,and P-factors were modified by the climate zone,country,and *** distributed model was applied to estimate the intensity and variations in global soil erosion from 1992 to *** validated the accuracy of this model by comparing simulations with measurements from 11,439 plot years of erosion *** results showed that i)the average global erosion rate was 5.78 t ha^(-1)year^(-1),with an increase rate of 4.26×10^(-3)t ha^(-1)year^(-1);ii)areas with significantly increasing erosion accounted for 16%of the land with water erosion,whereas those with significantly decreasing erosion accounted for 7%;and iii)areas with severe erosion included the western Ghats,Abyssinian Plateau,Brazilian Plateau,south and east of the Himalayas,and western coast of South *** erosion occurred mainly on the Amazon Plain and the northern coast of the *** study provides an improved water erosion prediction model and accurate information for researchers and policymakers to identify the drivers underlying changes in water erosion in different regions.

关键词： Soil erosion Distributed USLE model Rainfall erosivity Soil conservation Global change

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Urban water system theory and its model development and application

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第3期67卷 704-724页

作者： Jun XIA Yongyong ZHANG Dunxian SHE Shiyan ZHANG Jun YANG Mingquan LV Xiang ZHANG Anqi LUO Shengjun WU Yang LIU key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State key laboratory of water resources&Hydropower Engineering sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Aquatic Eco Health Group Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and HealthInstitute of Urban EnvironmentFujian Key Laboratory of Watershed EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Chongqing institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as waterlogging, black and odorous water, and ecological degradation caused by urbanization. Most existing studies on urban water systems have focused on individual water cycle processes linked with water supply and sewage treatment plants, but mutual feedback between the water cycle and its associated material circulation and water ecology, as well as human processes, still needs further exploration. In this paper, the concept, theory, and technical methodology of the urban water system were developed based on the water cycle and basin water system science. The Urban water System 5.0(UWS 5.0) model was developed by integrating the Time Variant Gain rainfall-runoff Model with Urban water system(TVGM_Urban) in different underlying surface conditions for analyzing the natural-social water cycle processes and their associated water environmental and ecological processes and the influence of multiscale sponge measures. Herein, five major simulation functions were realized: rainfall-runoff-nonpoint source pollutant load,water and pollutant transportations through the drainage network system, terminal regulation and purification, socioeconomic water cycle, and water system assessment and regulation. The location for the case study used in this paper was Wuhan City. The findings showed that the entire urban water system should consider the built-up area and its associated rivers and lakes as the research object and explore the integrations among the urban natural-social water cycle and river regulations inside and outside of the city as well as the effects of socioeconomic development and sponge measures on the water quantity-quality-ecology processes. The UWS 5.0 model efficiently simulated the urban rainfall-runoff process, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphoru

关键词： Urban water system Human-water relationship water issue Green development Theoretical basis Mathematical model

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The interannual periodicity of precipitation and its links to the large-scale circulations over the Third Pole

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Journal of geographical sciences 2024年第8期34卷 1457-1471页

作者： LIANG Liqiao LIU Qiang LI Jiuyi State key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing 100101China State key laboratory of water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China key laboratory for water and Sediment sciences Ministry of EducationSchool of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China

To understand the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation(P)in the Third Pole region(centered on the Tibetan Plateau-TP),it is necessary to quantify the interannual periodicity of P and its relationship with large-scale *** this study,Morlet wavelet transform was used to detect significant(pwater *** wavelet transform results were as follows.(1)Significant quasiperiodicity varied from 2 to 11 *** high-frequency variability mode(2 to 6 years quasi-periods)was universal,and the low-frequency variability mode(7 to 11 years quasi-periods)was rare,occurring mainly in the westerlies and Indian monsoon domains.(2)The majority of periods were base periods(53%),followed by two-base *** all stations in the Third Pole(95%)showed one or two periods.(3)Periodicity was widely detected in the majority of years(84%).(4)The power spectra of P in the four domains were dominated by statistically significant high-frequency oscillations(ie.,with short periodicity).(5)Large-scale circulations directly and indirectly influenced the periodic P variability in the different *** mode of P variability in the different domains was influenced by interactions between large-scale circulation features and not only by the dominant circulation and its control of water vapour *** results of this study will contribute to better understanding of the causal mechanisms associated with P variability,which is important for hydrological science and waterresourcemanagement.

关键词： precipitation interannual periodicity Morlet wavelet large-scale circulations Third Pole

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Groundwater Quality and Vulnerability Assessment in a Semiarid Karst Region of Northern China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 313-316页

作者： Ran An Shu Wang Zongjun Gao Zhenyan Wang Wei Li Qijun Deng Lü Lin Yuanqing Liu key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510China Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051China

Groundwater plays a critical role in maintaining ecological balance and ensuring social operations,especially in arid and semiarid regions(Hu et al.,2023;Han et al.,2022;Ma et al.,2014).The over-exploitation of groundwater,coupled with the influx of pollutants from human activities into the soil,significantly degrades the environment in certain regions(Jia et al.,2019;Famiglietti,2014;Giordano,2009;Konikow and Kendy,2005;Bohlke,2002;Shah et al.,2000).

关键词： groundwater Groundwater Vul

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water quality prediction based on sparse dataset using enhanced machine learning

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 218-228页

作者： Sheng Huang Jun Xia Yueling Wang Jiarui Lei Gangsheng Wang State key laboratory of water resources Engineering and Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China institute for water-Carbon cycles and Carbon Neutrality Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Singapore117578 Singapore key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

water quality in surface bodies remains a pressing issue *** some regions have rich water quality data,less attention is given to areas that lack sufficient ***,it is crucial to explore novel ways of managing source-oriented surface water pollution in scenarios with infrequent data collection such as weekly or *** we showed sparse-dataset-based prediction of water pollution using machine *** investigated the efficacy of a traditional Recurrent Neural Network alongside three Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)models,integrated with the Load Estimator(LOADEST).The research was conducted at a river-lake confluence,an area with intricate hydrological *** found that the Self-Attentive LSTM(SA-LSTM)model outperformed the other three machine learning models in predicting water quality,achieving Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE)scores of 0.71 for COD_(Mn)and 0.57 for NH_(3)N when utilizing LOADEST-augmented water quality data(referred to as the SA-LSTMLOADEST model).The SA-LSTM-LOADEST model improved upon the standalone SA-LSTM model by reducing the Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)by 24.6%for COD_(Mn)and 21.3%for NH_(3)***,the model maintained its predictive accuracy when data collection intervals were extended from weekly to ***,the SA-LSTM-LOADEST model demonstrated the capability to forecast pollution loads up to ten days in *** study shows promise for improving water quality modeling in regions with limited monitoring capabilities.

关键词： water quality modeling Sparse measurement River-lake confluence Long short-term memory Load estimator Machine learning

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Combining conservation tillage with nitrogen fertilization promotes maize straw decomposition by regulating soil microbial community and enzyme activities

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 783-796页

作者： Houping ZHANG Xueqin TANG Quanming HOU Yuanpeng ZHU Zhangheng REN Huanxin XIE Yuncheng LIAO Weiyan WANG Xiaoxia WEN College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China key laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Straw return can effectively improve farmland soil microenvironment and ***,excessive straw in the topsoil adversely affects seed germination and crop *** present,the characteristics and key driving factors of straw decomposition in dry farmlands are *** on the interactions between tillage practices including zero tillage(ZT),chisel tillage(CT),and plow tillage(PT)and nitrogen(N)fertilization,i.e.,low N(N1,180 kg ha^(-1)),normal N(N2,240 kg ha^(-1)),and high N(N3,300 kg ha^(-1)),quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology and an enzymatic detection kit were used to investigate the effects of key straw C-degrading enzyme activities and microbial abundance in soil on maize straw decomposition during the growth period of winter wheat in the winter wheat/summer maize double cropping system in a dry farmland of the Loess Plateau,*** 2018 and 2020,ZT and CT significantly increased winter wheat yield(by 10.94%and 12.79%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 20%and 26.67%,respectively),compared with *** to N1 and N3,N2 significantly increased wheat yield(by 4.65%and 5.31%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 26.33%and 13.21%,respectively).The partial least squares pathway modelling showed significant positive direct effects of soil moisture,NO3-,NH4+,total N,bacteria,and cellulase,laccase,and xylanase activities on straw decomposition,while soil pH,fungi,and Actinomycetes had significant negative direct ***,conservation tillage(ZT and CT)combined with N2 was beneficial for straw decomposition in the drylands of the Loess Plateau and improved straw resource utilization and basic soil *** results of the study clarified the key drivers of straw decomposition in dry farmlands and provided new ideas for developing updated soil management practices and adaptive N application strategies to promote the resource utilization of straw and achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon ne

关键词： hydrolytic enzyme microbial biomass oxidative enzyme straw decomposition velocity tillage practice

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Effects of the Rainfall-Triggered Lisse Effect on the Stability of Loess Slopes

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1254-1262页

作者： Zhizhou Yang Donghui Cheng Jun Xia School of water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China key laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China key laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of the Ministry of water resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China key laboratory of water cycle&related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China State key laboratory of water resources&Hydropower Engineering sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan430000China

This paper coupled a water-air two-phase hydrodynamic(WATPH)model with the Iverson’s method to analyze the influence of the Lisse effect on the fast groundwater pressure(P_(w))response and the slope ***,the sensitivities of the driving force and loess soil parameters were *** showed that the WATPH model simulated the height and rise of the depth to the water table reasonably *** depth to water table before rainfall(H0)had a significant impact on the Lisse effect and the slope *** the H_(0) was less than approximately 1 m,the rainfall triggered a significant Lisse effect and decreased the slope factor of safety(F_(s)).When the rainfall intensity(R_(i))was higher than the saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s)),the Lisse effect and the F_(s) slightly changed with the increase of the R_(i),and the slope tended to be unstable with continuous *** increasing K_(s),the Lisse effect noticeably increased,and the minimum F_(s) quickly *** analysis of the normalized sensitivity coefficient revealed that H_(0) had a dramatic impact on the Lisse effect and loess slope *** different R_(i) and K_(s) values had prominent influences on the Lisse effect and slight impacts on F_(s).

关键词： Lisse effect landslides safety factor rainfall

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key processes of carbon cycle and sink enhancement paths in natural wetland ecosystems in China

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2444-2459页

作者： Jinshuai LI Tianxiang HAO Meng YANG Guirui YU key laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Wetland ecosystems have become one of the long-term solutions for mitigating global climate change due to their strong carbon sequestration ***,the key carbon cycle processes in wetland ecosystems still lack a systematic *** the context of wetland protection and restoration,there is still a lack of consensus on the technical pathways to realize carbon sink multiplication in wetland *** this paper,the key processes of carbon cycle,such as photosynthetic carbon uptake,microbial carbon decomposition and carbon deposition and burial,are sorted out and summarized in four major wetland types,namely,swamp and peat wetlands,river and riparian wetlands,lake and lakeshore wetlands,and estuarine and coastal *** on the key processes of carbon cycle,three technological pathways for carbon sink multiplication are proposed,including,vegetation carbon sequestration and sink enhancement technology,soil carbon emission reduction technology and carbon deposition and burial *** key technologies under each pathway are further *** the carbon sink effects of the carbon sink technologies in different wetland types are qualitatively ***,wetland protection and restoration methods in corresponding regions are given in the light of the regional characteristics of wetlands in *** will provide a scientific basis for the strategy of doubling the carbon sinks of China′s wetland ecosystems.

关键词： Wetlands Carbon cycle Carbon sinks Technology pathways Conservation and restoration

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室内模拟戈壁地表降雨对风蚀过程的影响

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Journal of geographical sciences 2024年第3期34卷 610-630页

作者：孙莉英王春辉段光耀 key laboratory of water cycle and related Land Surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing100101China College of resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Beijing water Science and Technology institute Beijing100048China

In the present study,indoor experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of rainfall on subsequent wind erosion processes on the simulated Gobi surface,with soils and gravels collected from the Alax Gobi in northwestern *** results showed that the wind erosion rate(WR)ranged from 0.4 to 1931.2 g m^((-2)min^((-1)and that the sediment transportation rate(STR)ranged from 0.00 to 51.47 g m^((-2)s^((-1)under different gravel coverage conditions(0%,20%,40%and 60%)when the wind velocity changed from 6 m s^((-1)to 18 m s^((-1).Both WR and STR increased with increasing wind velocity as a power function and decreased with increasing gravel *** rainfall event had significant inhibitory effects on WR and STR,and the complex effects of soil crust formation and the changing soil surface roughness(SSR)by rainfall event played significant roles in reducing these rates during subsequent wind *** this study,a valuable exploration of the effects of rainfall events on subsequent wind erosion processes in the Gobi area was *** findings are of great significance for a better understanding and effective prediction of dust emissions in this region.

关键词： inhibitory effects wind erosion rate sediment transportation rate gravel coverage indoor simulation experiment

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