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Core and variable antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs

Zoological research 2024年第1期45卷 189-200页

作者： Cui-Hong Tong Zhi-Peng Huo Lu Diao Dan-Yu Xiao Ruo-Nan Zhao Zhen-Ling Zeng Wen-Guang Xiong Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and safety evaluation South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Risk Assessment laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National laboratory of safety evaluation(Environmental Assessment)of veterinary drugs South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China National Reference laboratory of veterinary drug residues South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China

Monitoring the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)is vital for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic-resistant bacterial *** its importance,the characterization of ARGs and microbiome structures,as well as the identification of indicators for routine ARG monitoring in pig farms,are still lacking,particularly concerning variations in antimicrobial exposure in different countries or ***,metagenomics and random forest machine learning were used to elucidate the ARG profiles,microbiome structures,and ARG contamination indicators in pig manure under different antimicrobial pressures between China and *** showed that Chinese pigs exposed to high-level antimicrobials exhibited higher total and plasmid-mediated ARG abundances compared to those in European pigs(P<0.05).ANT(6)-Ib,APH(3')-IIIa,and tet(40)were identified as shared core ARGs between the two pig ***,the core ARGs identified in pig populations were correlated with those found in human populations within the same geographical *** and Prevotella were identified as the dominant genera in the core microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs,*** ARG markers and 43 biomarkers were able to differentiate between the Chinese and European pig manure samples with accuracies of 100%and 98.7%,*** for assessing ARG contamination in Chinese and European pigs also achieved high accuracy(r=0.72-0.88).Escherichia flexneri in both Chinese and European pig populations carried between 21 and 37 *** results of this study emphasize the importance of global collaboration in reducing antimicrobial resistance risk and provide validated indicators for evaluating the risk of ARG contamination in pig farms.

关键词： Metagenomic Pig manure Antimicrobial pressure Antimicrobial resistance genes Microbiome

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Effective protective agents against the organ toxicity of T-2 toxin and corresponding detoxification mechanisms:A narrative review

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 251-266页

作者： Pengju Wang Lv-hui Sun Xu Wang Qinghua Wu Aimei Liu Hubei key laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy Medicine Research InstituteXianning Medical CollegeHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China Hubei Hongshan laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China National Reference laboratory of veterinary drug residues(HZAU)and MAO key laboratory for Detection of veterinary drug residues Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China College of Life Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China

T-2 toxin is one of the most widespread and toxic fungal toxins in food and *** can cause gastrointestinal toxicity,hepatotoxicity,immunotoxicity,reproductive toxicity,neurotoxicity,and nephrotoxicity in humans and animals.T-2 toxin is physicochemically stable and does not readily degrade during food and feed ***,suppressing T-2 toxin-induced organ toxicity through antidotes is an urgent *** agents against the organ toxicity of T-2 toxin have been recorded widely in the literature,but these protective agents and their molecular mechanisms of detoxification have not been comprehensively *** this review,we provide an overview of the various protective agents to T-2 toxin and the molecular mechanisms underlying the detoxification *** appropriate targets to antagonize T-2 toxin toxicity is also an important *** review will provide essential guidance and strategies for the better application and development of T-2 toxin antidotes specific for organ toxicity in the future.

关键词： T-2 toxin Organ toxicity Protective agent Detoxification mechanism

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Effects of weaning on intestinal longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus function in piglets

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 379-390页

作者： Jing Li Fenfen Liu Kaibin Mo Hengjia Ni Yulong Yin key laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessHunan Research Center of Livestock and Poultry SciencesSouth Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in the Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100008China Guangdong key laboratory for veterinary drug Development and safety evaluation College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Weaning piglets usually suffer from severe diarrhea(commonly known as postweaning diarrhea,PWD)along with intestinal motility *** peristalsis is mainly regulated by the longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus(LM-MP).To understand the relationship between intestinal LM-MP function and the development of PWD,we compared the intestinal electrical activity,and the transcriptional profile of the LM-MP between 21-day-old piglets(just weaned,n=7)and 24-day-old piglets(suffered the most severe weaning stress,n=7).The results showed that 24-day-old piglets exhibited different degrees of diarrhea.A significant increase in the slow-wave frequency in the ileum and colon was observed in 24-day-old piglets,while c-kit expression in the intestinal LM-MPs was significantly decreased,indicating that PWD caused by elevated slow-wave frequency may be associated with loss of *** real-time quantitative PCR(RT-q PCR)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)showed that intestinal LM-MPs in 24-day-old piglets may undergo inflammation and oxidative *** increases in 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and decreases in thioredoxin suggest that weaning may lead to DNA damage in the LM-MP of 24-day-old *** addition,activating transcription factor 3 was significantly upregulated,indicating nerve damage in the LM-MP of 24-day-old *** transcriptomic results showed that most of the differentially expressed genes in the ileal LM-MP after weaning were downregulated and closely related to the cell cycle *** RT-q PCR analysis showed that the relative expression of p21 was upregulated,while the expression of cyclin A2,cyclin B1,and proliferating cell nuclear antigen was downregulated in the ileal and colonic LM-MP of 24-day-old piglets,suggesting that weaning may inhibit cell proliferation and cause G1/S cell cycle arrest in ileal and colonic *** conclusion,weaning may lead to cell cycle arrest by causing DNA damage in the LM-MP,impairing i

关键词： weaning piglets diarrhea longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus

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Evolving roles of glycosylation in the tug-of-war between virus and host

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National Science Review 2024年第05期11卷 100-104页

作者： Xiaofeng Zhai Yanqiu Yuan Wan-Ting He Ying Wu Yi Shi Shuo Su Quansheng Du Yang Mao Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province College of Veterinary MedicineNanjing Agricultural University State key laboratory of Anti-Infective drug Discovery and Development School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat-sen University School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of drug Non-Clinical evaluation and research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University CAS key laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Interdisciplinary Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China

Covering the surface of both host cells and enveloped viruses, glycans are inevitable biomolecules for investigating virus–host interactions. However, due to the intricate role of glycans in the viral–host relationship, few glycanrelated molecular mechanisms have been harnessed for antiviral therapies. The intricacy arises from multiple factors.

关键词： VACCINE BINDING PROTEIN

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Preparation and interaction mechanism analysis of single‑chain fragment variables against phenylethanolamine A

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Animal Diseases 2024年第2期4卷 127-137页

作者： Long Li Ren Hou Huaming Li Shiyun Han Jixiang Liang Yu Si Dapeng Peng State key laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues(HZAU)and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug ResiduesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070PR China key laboratory of Preventive veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig ProductionWuhan 430070China Hubei Topgene Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Wuhan BranchWuhanHubei 430070China Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health Huazhong Agricultural UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China

This is the first report on the screening,expression,and recognition mechanism analysis of single-chain fragment variable(scFv)against phenylethanolamine A(PEAA),a newly emergedβ-adrenergic agonist illegally used as a feed additive for growth *** PEAA-specific scFv scFv,called scFv-32,was screened from hybridoma cell lines by phage display and was found to be optimally expressed in the *** *** ic-ELISA results revealed an IC_(50)value of 10.34μg/L for scFv-32 and no cross-reactivity with otherβ-adrenergic *** modeling and molecular docking revealed the key binding sites VAL178,TYP228,and *** hydrogen bond,two pisigma bonds,and one pi-pi bond maintain the formation of the antibody‒drug *** scanning mutagenesis of the three predicted key binding sites showed that the mutants completely lost their recognition activity,which confirmed the accuracy of the theoretical *** results are valuable for the preparation of scFvs and the analysis of the molecular recognition mechanism of antigen-antibodies.

关键词： Phenylethanolamine A ScFv Recognition mechanism Homology modeling Molecular docking

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Cinnamaldehyde targets SarA to enhance β-lactam antibiotic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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mLife 2024年第2期3卷 291-306页

作者： Jianguo Li Tingyin Lu Yuefei Chu Yuejun Zhang Jing Zhang Wenzhen Fu Jian Sun Yahong Liu Xiao-Ping Liao Yu-Feng Zhou State key laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and safety evaluation South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Yantai Fushan Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention YantaiChina

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)is a current global public health problem due to its increasing resistance to the most recent antibiotic *** critical approach is to develop ways to revitalize existing ***,we show that the phytogenic compound cinnamaldehyde(CIN)and β-lactam antibiotic combinations can functionally synergize and resensitize clinical MRSA isolates to β-lactam therapy and inhibit MRSA biofilm *** studies indicated that the CIN potentiation effect on β-lactams was primarily the result of inhibition of the mecA expression by targeting the staphylococcal accessory regulator *** alone or in combination with β-lactams decreased sarA gene expression and increased SarA protein phosphorylation that impaired SarA binding to the mecA promoter element and downregulated virulence genes such as those encoding biofilm,α-hemolysin,and *** of SarA-mecA binding thus interfered with PBP2a biosynthesis and this decreased MRSA resistance to β-***,CIN fully restored the anti-MRSA activities of β-lactam antibiotics in vivo in murine models of bacteremia and biofilm ***,our results indicated that CIN acts as a β-lactam adjuvant and can be applied as an alternative therapy to combat multidrug-resistant MRSA infections.

关键词： cinnamaldehyde MRSA SarA β-lactamresistance

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Establishment and application of a surrogate model for human Ebola virus disease in BSL-2 laboratory

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 434-446页

作者： Wanying Yang Wujian Li Wujie Zhou Shen Wang Weiqi Wang Zhenshan Wang Na Feng Tiecheng Wang Ying Xie Yongkun Zhao Feihu Yan Xianzhu Xia Hebei key Lab of laboratory Animal Science Department of Laboratory Animal ScienceHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang050017China key laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control Changchun Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun130122China College of veterinary Medicine Jilin UniversityChangchun130062China College of veterinary Medicine Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun130118China

The Ebola virus(EBOV)is a member of the Orthoebolavirus genus,Filoviridae family,which causes severe hemorrhagic diseases in humans and non-human primates(NHPs),with a case fatality rate of up to 90%.The development of countermeasures against EBOV has been hindered by the lack of ideal animal models,as EBOV requires handling in biosafety level(BSL)-4 ***,accessible and convenient animal models are urgently needed to promote prophylactic and therapeutic approaches against *** this study,a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing Ebola virus glycoprotein(VSV-EBOV/GP)was constructed and applied as a surrogate virus,establishing a lethal infection in *** infection with VSV-EBOV/GP,3-week-old female Syrian hamsters exhibited disease signs such as weight loss,multi-organ failure,severe uveitis,high viral loads,and developed severe systemic diseases similar to those observed in human EBOV *** animals succumbed at 2–3 days post-infection(dpi).Histopathological changes indicated that VSV-EBOV/GP targeted liver cells,suggesting that the tissue tropism of VSV-EBOV/GP was comparable to wild-type EBOV(WT EBOV).Notably,the pathogenicity of the VSV-EBOV/GP was found to be species-specific,age-related,gender-associated,and challenge ***,equine anti-EBOV immunoglobulins and a subunit vaccine were validated using this ***,this surrogate model represents a safe,effective,and economical tool for rapid preclinical evaluation of medical countermeasures against EBOV under BSL-2 conditions,which would accelerate technological advances and breakthroughs in confronting Ebola virus disease.

关键词： Ebola virus(EBOV) Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus Pathogenicity Syrian hamster Surrogate models Vaccine evaluation and drug screening

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Spectrum-Effect Relationship Between High Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprints and Anticoccidial Activities of a Compound Chinese Medicine

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第5期13卷 1082-1089页

作者： XIAO Sui FEI Chen-zhong ZHANG Li-fang ZHENG Wen-li ZHANG Ke-yu XUE Fei-qun key laboratory of veterinary drug safety evaluation and residues research Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Quality control and screening of active substances in traditional Chinese medicines have been performed using fingerprint analysis. The spectrum-effect relationship between chromatography fingerprints and efficacy of herbal drugs is considered as a potentially useful method for determining active ingredients in complex mixtures. The study was designed to develop a method for determining the bioactive components of a compound Chinese medicine called Tiefeng based on spectrum-effect relationships between high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprints and anticoccidial activities. Four peaks of the established HPLC fingerprint indicate the main bioactive components of this medicine. In addition, pharrnacodynamic atlas was defined and used to assess the anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng from different sources for the first time. We found that the level of anticoccidial activity of Tiefeng was consistent with the degree of similarity between the pharmacodynamic atlas and chromatogram of any sample. Furthermore, effect of this medicine was related with the main active constituents, along with the origin and the harvesting time.

关键词： herb medicine fingerprint anticoccidial index spectrum-effect relationship

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Antibodies elicited by Newcastle disease virus-vectored H7N9 avian influenza vaccine are functional in activating the complement system

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2052-2064页

作者： Zenglei Hu Ya Huang Jiao Hu Xiaoquan Wang Shunlin Hu Xiufan Liu Joint International research laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Animal Infectious Disease laboratory School of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

H7N9 subtype avian influenza virus poses a great challenge for poultry *** disease virus(NDV)-vectored H7N9 avian influenza vaccines(NDV_(vec)H7N9)are effective in disease control because they are protective and allow mass *** note,these vaccines elicit undetectable H7N9-specific hemagglutination-inhibition(HI)but high IgG antibodies in ***,the molecular basis and protective mechanism underlying this particular antibody immunity remain ***,immunization with an NDV_(vec)H7N9 induced low anti-H7N9 HI and virus neutralization titers but high levels of hemagglutinin(HA)-binding IgG antibodies in *** residues(S150,G151 and S152)in HA of H7N9 virus were identified as the dominant epitopes recognized by the NDV_(vec)H7N9 immune *** transferred NDV_(vec)H7N9 immune serum conferred complete protection against H7N9 virus infection in *** NDV_(vec)H7N9 immune serum can mediate a potent lysis of HA-expressing and H7N9 virus-infected cells and significantly suppress H7N9 virus *** activities of the serum were significantly impaired after heat-inactivation or treatment with complement inhibitor,suggesting the engagement of the complement ***,mutations in the 150-SGS-152 sites in HA resulted in significant reductions in cell lysis and virus neutralization mediated by the NDV_(vec)H7N9 immune serum,indicating the requirement of antibody-antigen binding for complement ***,antibodies induced by the NDV_(vec)H7N9 can activate antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis of H7N9 virus-infected cells and complement-mediated neutralization of H7N9 *** findings unveiled a novel role of the complement in protection conferred by the NDV_(vec)H7N9,highlighting a potential benefit of engaging the complement system in H7N9 vaccine design.

关键词： H7N9 subtype avian influenza virus NDV vector vaccine antibody immunity complement protection

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Recent advances in magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers and their application in the food safety analysis

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未来食品学报(英文) 2024年第1期4卷 1-20页

作者： Beibei Jia Feng Feng Xiujuan Wang Yaxuan Song Feng Zhang Institute of Food safety Chinese Academy of Inspection and QuarantineBeijing 100176China key laboratory of Food Quality and safety for State Market Regulation Beijing 100176China

Food safety is a worldwide concern and is directly related to human ***,convenient,effective,and economical methods and technologies for food safety analysis have been developed *** molecularly imprinted polymers(MMIPs)have gained extensive attention in recent years,as they have high selectivity,high adsorption capacity,and are easy to isolate from food ***,advanced strategies for the synthesis of MMIPs have been proposed to solve problems of template leakage and non-specific adsorption,and to increase the biocompatibility,adsorption rate,as well as adsorption capacity of the imprinted *** this review,we focus on new attempts at modification of magnetic core and MMIPs’surfaces,and the selection of template,functional monomer,cross-linker as well as *** are summarized that used advanced MMIPs for the recognition and adsorption of pesticide residues,veterinary drug residues,mycotoxins,contaminants,and adulterations in foodstuffs over the last 5 ***,some still existing challenges and future prospects to further promote MMIPs properties are also discussed.

关键词： Food safety Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers Pesticide residues Mycotoxins Contaminants

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