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Higher Species Diversity Occurs in More Fertile Habitats Without Fertilizer Disturbance in an Alpine Natural Grassland Community

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 755-761页

作者： WANG Dong WU Gao-Lin CHANG Xiao-Feng SHI Zhi-Hua SUN Lei WEI Xue-Hong State key laboratory of soil erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University Institute of Plant Sci-Tech of Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College

Are there some relationships among species diversity and soil chemical properties of high altitude natural grasslands? Plant community composition and chemical properties of soil samples were compared to investigate the relationship between soil and species diversity, and the richness in Tibetan alpine grasslands. Results showed that species diversity was significantly positively related to soil organic matter(SOM), total nitrogen(TN),available nitrogen(AN), total phosphorus(TP),available phosphorus(AP), and available potassium(AK) in the high alpine grasslands. Margalef's species richness index was also significantly positively related to SOM, TN, AN, and TP. Most soil chemical properties showed significantly positive correlation with species diversity and Margalef's richness *** results suggested that higher plant species richness index and diversity occurred in more fertile soil habitats in high altitude natural grassland community. In practice, fertilization management for the restoration of degraded grassland should be conducted with reference to the nutrient levels ofnatural grassland without the additional artificial fertilizer and with higher species-diversity and richness index.

关键词： Species richness soil properties Species diversity Biomass

Arsenic and chromium resistance mechanisms in the Micrococcus luteus group

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Pedosphere 2023年第4期33卷 600-611页

作者： Ivan ARROYO-HERRERA Brenda ROMÁN-PONCE Rafael BUSTAMANTE-BRITO Joseph GUEVARA-LUNA Erika Yanet TAPIA-GARCÍA Violeta LARIOS-SERRATO Nannan ZHANG Paulina ESTRADA-DE LOS SANTOS En Tao WANG María Soledad VÁSQUEZ-MURRIETA Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de México 11340(Mexico) Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos Jiutepec 62550(Mexico) Centro de Ciencias Genómicas Universidad Autónoma de MéxicoCuernavaca 62210(Mexico) CAS key laboratory of Mountain ecological restoration and Bioresource Utilisation&ecological restoration and Biodiversity Conservation key laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041(China)

High arsenic(As)and chromium(Cr)concentrations are currently receiving attention because of their negative effects on the environment and human *** inhabiting contaminated environments have developed resistance mechanisms against the toxicity of these ***,members of the bacterial genus Micrococcus have been isolated from different toxic metal-contaminated environments;however,knowledge concerning its resistance mechanisms to As and Cr toxicity remains *** luteus strains(An24,Mh,NE2TL6,and NE2TTS4)were isolated from the endosphere and soil of two heavy metal-contaminated sites in Mexico to identify differences in the resistance mechanisms by the *** *** strains were resistant to As(As^(3+)and As^(5+)),chromate,dichromate,cobalt,copper,nickel,and *** analysis indicated that the heavy metal-resistant strains(An24,Mh,NE2TL6,and NE2TTS4)could be assigned to the *** group and had more heavy metal-resistant genes(transporters,chaperones,and enzymes)compared to reference strains of the *** group,*** NCTC 2665^(T)and Micrococcus endophyticus JCM 16951^(T).The resistant bacteria were able to biotransform As^(3+)and As^(5+)through a carbon source-dependent *** biotransformation of As5+was potentially carried out in the cytoplasm through a thioredoxin-dependent pathway,which may be coupled with biosorption.A qualitative analysis of organic acids(OAs)identified a change in the OA profile of the metal-resistant strains that was As-or *** genomic and phenotypic findings suggest that the four *** group strains evaluated in the current study have developed resistance mechanisms that may enable their survival in contaminated sites.

关键词： arsenophore biosorption genome analysis heavy metal-resistant strain immobilization organic acid pollutant

Impact of biochar amendment on soil aggregation varied with incubation duration and biochar pyrolysis temperature

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Biochar 2021年第3期3卷 339-347页

作者： Lanfang Han Biao Zhang Liying Chen Yanfang Feng Yan Yang Ke Sun Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and ecological restoration for Watersheds Institute of Environmental and Ecological EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China State key laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

soil aggregation is one of the crucial processes that facilitate carbon sequestration and maintain soil *** far,the effect of biochar amendment on soil aggregation remains ***,we tested the hypothesis that the response of soil aggregation to biochar addition varied with incubation duration and biochar chemistry.A one year microcosm experiment of soil with biochar was conducted that included biochar produced at three different temperatures(300,450,and 600°C),and three biochar application rates,i.e.,0,1,and 3 wt%.It was observed that after one and three months,biochar mainly(>90%)distributed in the micro-aggregates,and slightly reduced aggregate stability and increased proportion of micro-aggregates,which was demonstrated to result from the mechanical mixture of amended biochar with ***,when the duration was prolonged to six months and one year,a significant increase in macro-aggregates(6.6-38.5%)and aggregate stability(7.3-29.4%)was detected,with the increasing extent being apparently higher for low-temperature *** was related to the comparatively strong interaction of biochar particles with soil minerals or microbes after long-time *** strong interaction was directly supported by the significant increase in H/C,O/C ratios of isolated biochar from treated soils,the detection of typical soil mineral elements on the surface of isolated biochar,and the increase in microbial biomass carbon of treated *** findings of this study highlighted the role of biochar type and amendment duration in mediating the effect of biochar application on soil aggregation.

关键词： Biochar soil aggregation Aggregate stability Incubation duration

Water utilization of typical plant communities in desert steppe,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第9期14卷 1038-1054页

作者： CHEN Juan WANG Xing SONG Naiping WANG Qixue WU Xudong School of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Breeding Base for State key laboratory of Land Degradation and ecological restoration in northwestern China Yinchuan 750021China key laboratory of restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in northwestern China of Ministry of Education Yinchuan 750021China School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Institute of Desertification Control Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750002China

Water is a limiting factor in the restoration and construction of desert *** plant water sources is necessary to understand soil-plant interactions and species coexistence;however,water sources of major plant communities within the desert steppe of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China remain poorly *** this study,we analyzed the water uptake of plants in four typical communities:Agropyron mongolicum Keng.;Sophora alopecuroids Linn.;Stipa breviflora Griseb.,and Achnatherum splendens(Trin.)Nevski *** isotopesδD andδ^(18)O in the xylem of plant and soil water at different soil depths were *** IsoSource model was used to determine the soil depths from which plants obtained *** showed that *** community obtained water predominantly from 0–20 and 40–80 cm depth,*** community from 0–20 cm depth,*** community from 0–40 cm depth,and *** community from 0–20 and 80–140 cm *** had a wider range of soil depths for water extraction,i.e.,utilizing different water sources depending on habitat,and the plasticity of its water uptake pattern determined its role in different *** source of plants relayed heavily on the distribution of their *** for soil water exists between different plant life forms in the sierozem habitat(***,***,and *** communities),and in the sandy soil habitat(*** community).The use of soil water by *** community is more spatially differentiated,and shrubs and herbs can coexist *** the pattern of extended drought period in the future,sierozem habitat may be more favorable for the formation of a dominant monoculture community type of perennial fibrous *** aeolian sandy soil habitat,*** had a strong competitive advantage,and the growth of shallow-rooted plants was easily suppressed.

关键词： stable isotope water source IsoSource model soil water desert steppe

ecological effect of the plantation of Sabina vulgaris in the Mu Us Sandy Land,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 14-28页

作者： NAN Weige DONG Zhibao ZHOU Zhengchao LI Qiang CHEN Guoxiang School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China Shaanxi key laboratory of ecological restoration in Shaanbei Mining Area Yulin UniversityYulin 719000China College of Prataculture Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Vegetation restoration through artificial plantation is an effective method to combat desertification,especially in arid and semi-arid *** study aimed to explore the ecological effect of the plantation of Sabina vulgaris on soil physical and chemical properties on the southeastern fringe of the Mu Us Sandy Land,*** collected soil samples from five depth layers(0-20,20-40,40-60,60-80,and 80-100 cm)in the *** plantation plots across four plantation ages(4,7,10,and 16 years)in November 2019,and assessed soil physical(soil bulk density,soil porosity,and soil particle size)and chemical(soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP),available potassium(AK),cation-exchange capacity(CEC),salinity,p H,and C/N ratio)*** results indicated that the soil predominantly consisted of sand particles(94.27%-99.67%),with the remainder being silt and *** plantation age increased,silt and very fine sand contents progressively *** 16 years of planting,there was a marked reduction in the mean soil particle *** initial soil fertility was low and declined from 4 to 10 years of planting before witnessing an *** positive correlations were observed for the clay,silt,and very fine sand(mean diameter of 0.000-0.100 mm)with SOC,AK,and p *** contrast,fine sand and medium sand(mean diameter of 0.100-0.500 mm)showed significant negative correlations with these *** findings ascertain that the plantation of *** requires 10 years to effectively act as a windbreak and contribute to sand fixation,and needs 16 years to improve soil physical and chemical ***,these improvements were found to be highly beneficial for vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid *** research can offer valuable insights for the protection and restoration of the vegetation ecosystem in the sandy lands in China.

关键词： Sabina vulgaris plantation age soil physical and chemical properties soil particle size soil fertility vegetation restoration Mu Us Sandy Land

Optimizing water and nitrogen inputs for winter wheat cropping system on the Loess Plateau,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第2期6卷 230-242页

作者： QiuPing FU QuanJiu WANG XinLei SHEN Jun FAN State key laboratory of soil erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering of Xinjiang Agricultural University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an University of Technology Luohe soil and Fertilizer Extension Service Northwest A&F University

Optimal use of water and fertilizers can enhance winter wheat yield and increase the efficiencies of water and fertilizer usage in dryland agricultural systems. In order to optimize water and nitrogen （N） management for winter wheat, we conducted field experiments from 2006 to 2008 at the Changwu Agro-ecological Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on the Loess Plateau, China. Regression models of wheat yield and evapotranspiration （ET） were established in this study to evaluate the water and fertilizer coupling effects and to determine the optimal coupling domain. The results showed that there was a positive effect of water and N fertilizer on crop yield, and optimal irrigation and N inputs can significantly increase the yield of winter wheat. In the drought year （2006-2007）, the maximum yield （Yma~） of winter wheat was 9.211 t/hm2 for the treatment with 324 mm irriga- tion and 310 kg/hm2 N input, and the highest water use efficiency （WUE） of 16.335 kg/（***） was achieved with 198 mm irrigation and 274 kg/hm2 N input. While in the normal year （2007-2008）, the maximum winter wheat yield of 10.715 t/hm2 was achieved by applying 318 mm irrigation and 291 kg/hm2 N, and the highest WUE was 18.69 kg/（***） with 107 mm irrigation and 256 kg/hm2 N input. Crop yield and ET response to irrigation and N inputs followed a quadratic and a line function, respectively. The optimal coupling domain was determined using the elas- ticity index （El） and its expression in the water-N dimensions, and was represented by an ellipse, such that the global maximum WUE （WUErnax） and Ymax values corresponded to the left and right end points of the long axis, respectively. Considering the aim to get the greatest profit in practice, the optimal coupling domain was represented by the lower half of the ellipse, with the Yma~ and WUE^ax on the two end points of the long axis. Overall, we found that the total amount of irrigation for winter wheat should not exceed 324 ram. In

关键词： water-fertilizer coupling water use efficiency optimal coupling domain yield winter wheat

Carbon inputs regulate the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in temperate forests

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第9期14卷 1055-1068页

作者： LIU Yulin LI Jiwei HAI Xuying WU Jianzhao DONG Lingbo PAN Yingjie SHANGGUAN Zhouping WANG Kaibo DENG Lei State key laboratory of soil erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of soil and Water Conservation Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100China State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710075China

Litter and root activities may alter the temperature sensitivity(Q_(10))of soil ***,existing studies have not provided a comprehensive understanding of the effects of litter and root carbon inputs on the Q_(10)of soil respiration in different *** this study,we used the trench method under in situ conditions to measure the total soil respiration(R_(total)),litter-removed soil respiration(R_(no-litter)),root-removed soil respiration(R_(no-root)),and the decomposition of soil organic matter(i.e.,both litter and root removal;R_(SOM))in different seasons of pioneer(Populus davidiana Dode)and climax(Quercus liaotungensis Mary)forests on the Loess Plateau,*** temperature,soil moisture,litter biomass,fine root biomass,litter carbon,and root carbon were analyzed to obtain the drive mechanism of the Q_(10)of soil respiration in the two *** results showed that the Q_(10)of soil respiration exhibited seasonality,and the Q_(10)of soil respiration was higher in *** litter enhanced the Q_(10)of soil respiration considerably more than the root *** temperature,soil moisture,fine root biomass,and litter carbon were the main factors used to predict the Q_(10)of different soil respiration *** findings indicated that factors affecting the Q_(10)of soil respiration highly depended on soil temperature and soil moisture as well as related litter and root traits in the two forests,which can improve our understanding of soil carbon–climate feedback in global *** results of this study can provide reference for exploring soil respiration under temperate forest restoration.

关键词： litter biomass root carbon soil respiration temperate forests Loess Plateau

Cellular Cd^(2+)fluxes in roots confirm increased Cd availability to rice(Oryza sativa L.)induced by soil acidifications

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 516-526页

作者： Xiaoyi Sun Meng Wang Luyao Qin Lei Yu Jing Wang Han Zheng Wenneng Zhou Shibao Chen State key laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and ecological restoration for Watersheds School of EcologyEnvironment and ResourcesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

soil acidifications become one of the main causes restricting the sustainable development of agriculture and causing issues of agricultural product *** order to explore the effect of different acidification on soil cadmium(Cd)availability,soil pot culture and hydroponic(soil potting solution extraction)were applied,and non-invasive micro-test technique(NMT)was *** three different soil acidification processes were simulated,including direct acidification by adding sulfuric acid(AP1),acid rain acidification(AP2)by adding artificial simulated acid rain and excessive fertilization acidification by adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)(AP3).The results showed that for direct acidification(AP1),DTPA-Cd concentration in field soils in Liaoning(S1)and Zhejiang(S2)increased by 0.167-0.217 mg/kg and 0.181-0.346 mg/kg,respectively,compared with control *** soil pH decreased by 0.45 units in S1,the Cd content of rice stems,leaves and roots increased by 0.48 to 6.04 mg/kg and 2.58 to 12.84mg/kg,respectively,When the pH value of soil S1 and S2 decreased by 0.20 units,the average velocity of Cd^(2+)at 200μm increased by 10.03-33.11 pmol/cm~2/sec and 21.33-52.86pmol/cm^(2)/sec,respectively,and followed the order of AP3>AP2>*** summary,different acidification measures would improve the effectiveness of Cd,under the same pH reduction condition,fertilization acidification increased Cd availability most significantly.

关键词： soil acidification Cadmium Non-invasive micro-test technique Bioavailability

Complex effects of different types of acid rain on root growth of Quercus acutissima and Cunninghamia lanceolata saplings

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ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 51-64页

作者： Xin Liu Shilin Ma Zhaohui Jia Muhammad Ramzan Miaojing Meng Jinping Wang Chong Li Yinlong Zhang Jinchi Zhang Co‑Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological RestorationNanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037JiangsuChina Co‑Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037JiangsuChina

Background:soil acidification caused by acid rain(AR)can damage plant roots,which in turn negatively impacts plant *** response to changing AR types,research efforts to elucidate their specific impacts on plants have become ***:For this study,we investigated the effects of simulated sulfuric,nitric,and mixed AR on the root systems of Quercus acutissima *** Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)*** different acidity ***:As the AR S/N ratio and pH decreased,the height growth rate(HGR),basal diameter growth rate(DGR),total root length(TRL)and total root surface area(TRS)of *** decreased,whereas the TRL and TRS of *** remained the *** the NO_(3)^(−)concentration in AR was increased,the root activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities of *** roots revealed a downward trend;however,the root activity of *** and the peroxidase(POD)activity of *** roots revealed an upward ***,redundant analysis and structural equation models indicated that AR pH had a greater impact on the HGR of *** than that of ***,while the impact of the AR S/N ratio on *** growth rates was greater than that of ***:Our results suggested that the root systems of different tree species had variable responses to AR,and the AR S/N ratio was an important factor affecting plant root *** might facilitate new strategies for the culti‑vation and protection of plantations in the future.

关键词： Sulfuric and nitric acid rain Root growth Root morphology Root activity Antioxidant enzyme activity