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Insect seedling herbivory is influenced by multiple factors,but the plant apparency theory is more supported than other hypotheses——A case study in a subtropical forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 1-10页

作者： Baozhu Yuan Bo Wang School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei230601China Anhui province key laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and restoration(Anhui University) Hefei230601China Anhui Shengjin Lake Wetland ecology National Long-term Scientific Research Base Dongzhi247230China

Insect herbivory is ubiquitous in various ecosystems,and directly influences the growth and survival of individual plants,especially during their vulnerable early life stages like the seedling ***,in turn,exerts a significant influence on forest community diversity and structure,as well as ecosystem function and *** variation in herbivory has been detected both among and within plant *** decades,many hypotheses have been proposed to explain such variations,including both biotic and abiotic ***,most studies have considered only one or several of these hypotheses by focusing on a few potential variables,and their results were usually inconsistent;thus,the factors driving herbivory remain *** this study,we examined leaf herbivory by insects of woody species seedlings in a subtropical forest in southwestern China over two *** total,24 potential variables that represented abiotic resource availability,characters of individual seedlings,conspecific and heterospecific species,and the whole seedling community were selected to test several commonly discussed alternative herbivory ***,our findings showed that the plant apparency hypothesis was more supported than the other hypotheses in explaining insect seedling *** results further indicated that the mechanisms and causes of insect herbivory are complex,multifactorial,species-specific and vary with seasons,indicating that there may be no uniform rules in explaining herbivory for all ***,such complexity may play an important role in promoting species coexistence and biodiversity maintenance in seedling communities,which may further translate into the following generation of saplings or even adult *** in the community of insect herbivores and/or variables influencing insect herbivory,may disrupt stability of the original seedling community,thus affecting the regeneration and development of the entire forest comm

关键词： Canopy openness Leaf size Plant animal interaction Plant apparency theory Seedling height Species richness

Preparation and applications of calcium ferrite as a functional material:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 292-310页

作者： Xiuli Han Bowen Duan Lei Liu Shilong Fang Weiwei Wang College of Mining Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Development and Ecological restoration of Mineral Resources of Hebei province Tangshan 063210China key laboratory of Mining Development and Security Technology of Hebei province Tangshan 063210China

Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and ***-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be *** on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are *** addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are ***,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in *** importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are ***,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.

关键词： calcium ferrite mineral functional materials preparation application perspectives

Plant-derived natural products improve disease: Focus on gut-brain axis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Chen Song Wenjing Lang Li Meng Wenxiang Ping Jingping Ge Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology， Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial key laboratory of Ecological restoration and Resource Utilization for cold Region & School of Life Sciences， Heilongjiang University Heilongjiang Provincial key laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for cold Region & key laboratory of Microbiology， College of Heilongjiang province， Heilongjiang University key laboratory of Science and Engineering for the Multi-modal Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases， Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may lead to a wide range of metabolic， neurological， intestinal and cardiovascular disorders and even to tumorigenesis. Evidence suggests that the gut-brain axis (GBA) plays a crucial role in the treatment of these diseases. Many plant-derived natural actives modulate the gut microbiota and its metabolites， gut hormones and neurotransmitters through a variety of mechanisms， and these actions contribute to the alleviation of irritable bowel syndrome， type 2 diabetes mellitus， cancer， and brain disorders. This review focuses on how natural products act through GBA to protect the central nervous system， regulate metabolism and promote apoptosis in cancer cells. The role of gut microbiota metabolites and neurotransmitter release in modulating inflammation-related factors， promoting or reducing oxidative stress， and activating or inhibiting related signaling pathways is also discussed. This comprehensive overview of the complex GBA mechanisms deepens the understanding of how natural products can target GBA to treat disease， providing valuable insights into the development and utilization of these natural interventions.

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Risk factors for biometry prediction error by Barrett Universal II intraocular lens formula in Chinese patients

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 74-78页

作者： Xu-Hao Chen Ying Hong Xiang-Han Ke Si-Jia Song Yu-Jie Cen Chun Zhang Beijing key laboratory of restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve Department of OphthalmologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China State key laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the influence of postoperative intraocular lens(IOL)positions on the accuracy of cataract surgery and examine the predictive factors of postoperative biometry prediction errors using the Barrett Universal II(BUII)IOL formula for ***:The prospective study included patients who had undergone cataract surgery performed by a single surgeon from June 2020 to April *** collected data included the best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),corneal curvature,preoperative and postoperative central anterior chamber depths(ACD),axial length(AXL),IOL power,and refractive *** formula was used to calculate the IOL *** mean absolute error(MAE)was calculated,and all the participants were divided into two groups *** t-tests were applied to compare the variables between *** regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of age,AXL,corneal curvature,and preoperative and postoperative ACD on ***:A total of 261 patients were *** 243(93.1%)and 18(6.9%)had postoperative MAE1 D,*** number of females was higher in patients with MAE>1 D(χ^(2)=3.833,P=0.039).The postoperative BCVA(logMAR)of patients with MAE>1 D was significantly worse(t=-2.448;P=0.025).After adjusting for gender in the logistic model,the risk of postoperative refractive errors was higher in patients with a shallow postoperative anterior chamber[odds ratio=0.346;95% confidence interval(CI):0.164,0.730,P=0.005].CONCLUSION:Risk factors for biometry prediction error after cataract surgery include the patient’s sex and postoperative *** with a shallow postoperative anterior chamber are prone to have refractive errors.

关键词： intraocular lens power calculation gender anterior chamber depth biometry prediction error

Long-term trends and response of wet ammonia deposition to changes in anthropogenic emissions in the Pearl River delta of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 373-386页

作者： Mingyue Li Lyumeng Ye Ming Chang Weihua Chen Shuidi He Buqing Zhong Xuemei Wang Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Institute for Environmental and Climate ResearchJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences The Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PRCGuangzhou 510530China key laboratory of Vegetation restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

The Pearl River Delta(PRD)region has been identified as a significant hotspot of wet ammonium ***,the absence of long-term monitoring data in the area hinders the comprehension of the historical trends and changes in wet NH_(4)^(+)-N deposition in response to emissions,which interferes with the ability to make effective *** study has analyzed the long-term trends of wet NH_(4)^(+)-N deposition flux and has quantified the effect of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological factors at a typical urban site and a typical forest site in the PRD region from 2009 to *** revealed a significant decreasing trend in wet NH_(4)^(+)-N flux in both the typical urban and forest areas of the PRD region,at-6.2%/year(parea among anthropogenic emission factors,while SO_(2)emissions have the greatest impact on the forest ***,precipitation was identified as the primary meteorological driver for both *** findings also imply that the benefits of NH_(3)emissions reductions might not immediately emerge due to interference from weather-related factors.

关键词： Long-term trends Inter-annual variation Wet ammonium deposition Anthropogenic emission change Meteorological condition The Pearl River Delta region

Anatomic characteristics of the lacrimal sac and adjacent bony structures–a computed tomographicdacryocystography research

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 251-257页

作者： Xin-Han Cui Yan-Wen Fang Li-Min Zhang Ji-Ni Qiu Chao-Ran Zhang Yan Wang Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China NHC key laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai key laboratory of Visual Impairment and restoration Shanghai 200031China Department of Ophthalmology Children’s Hospital of KaifengKaifeng 475000Henan ProvinceChina

AIM:To describe the anatomic characteristics of the lacrimal sac and its adjacent bone structures and to provide surgical recommendations for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(EN-DCR).METHODS:This retrospective comparative study involved 118 sides with complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction and 83 unaffected sides from 126 *** tomographic-dacryocystography(CT-DCG)scans were performed before lacrimal surgery,and image reconstruction was used to obtain continuous 0.75-mm axial,coronal,and segmental sections for *** morphology of the lacrimal sac and its relationship with adjacent bony structures were determined for measurement,as well as the obstructed ***:The height of the lacrimal sac was 12.99±2.10 mm in this *** operculum of the middle turbinate(OMT)was located vertically in the lower third of the lacrimal ***,the junction between the maxillary bone and the lacrimal bone(MB-LB)was close to,mostly(60.2%)posterior to,the lacrimal *** uncinate process was more frequently attached to the lacrimal bones(75.1%).The obstructions were generally located around the entrance of the nasolacrimal duct(NLD).However,some were placed higher,with 7.63%blocked not lower than the *** was a negative correlation between the diameter of the lacrimal sac and the level of obstruction(r=-0.35,P<0.01).CONCLUSION:In this study,the OMT and MB-LB can be served as the landmarks in *** uncinectomy should be performed in most *** obstructions were generally located around the entrance of the NLD,but some extreme individual variations strongly implies the importance of CT-DCG scanning before surgery.

关键词： lacrimal sac nasolacrimal duct obstruction endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy computed tomographic-dacryocystography

Grassland ecosystem changes and adaptive management

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第3期 795-798页

作者： Huakun Zhou Junfu Dong Tong Li Rajiv Pandey key laboratory of restoration ecology of cold area in qinghai province Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Science Shandong University School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability Faculty of ScienceThe University of Queensland Division of Forestry Statistics Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education

Grasslands are among the largest terrestrial ecosystems, offering critical ecological, economic, and cultural services worldwide(Bardgett et al. 2021; Wang et al. 2022). However, they face unprecedented challenges due to climate change, overgrazing, and land-use change, which threaten their biodiversity, carbon sequestration potential, and the human livelihoods they support(Zhou et al. 2023; Straffelini et al. 2024). Despite the implementation of various management strategies, gaps remain in understanding the intricate dynamics of grassland ecosystems, their key drivers, and the most effective adaptive management practices(Li et al. 2022).

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Canopy structural heterogeneity drives α and β species-genetic diversity correlations in a Chinese subtropical forest

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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 106-114页

作者： Zhiliang Yao Xia Pan Xin Yang Xiaona Shao Bin Wang Yun Deng Zhiming Zhang Qiaoming Li Luxiang Lin CAS key laboratory of Tropical Forest ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223YunnanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina State Forestry and Grassland Administration key laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream areas of the Yellow River Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland AdministrationForestry College of Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018ShandongChina School of ecology and Environmental Sciences&Yunnan key laboratory for Plateau Mountain ecology and restoration of Degraded Environments Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500YunnanChina National Forest Ecosystem Research Station at Xishuangbanna Mengla 666303YunnanChina

Patterns and drivers of species–genetic diversity correlations(SGDCs)have been broadly examined across taxa and ecosystems and greatly deepen our understanding of how biodiversity is ***,few studies have examined the role of canopy structural heterogeneity,which is a defining feature of forests,in shaping ***,we determine what factors contribute toα-andβ-species–genetic diversity correlations(i.e.,α-andβ-SGDCs)in a Chinese subtropical *** this purpose,we used neutral molecular markers to assess genetic variation in almost all adult individuals of the dominant tree species,Lithocarpus xylocarpus,across plots in the Ailaoshan National Natural *** also quantified microhabitat variation by quantifying canopy structure heterogeneity with airborne laser scanning on 201-ha subtropical forest *** found that speciesα-diversity was negatively correlated with geneticα-*** structural heterogeneity was positively correlated with speciesα-diversity but negatively correlated with geneticα-*** contrasting effects contributed to the formation of a negativeα-***,we found that canopy structural heterogeneity increases speciesα-diversity and decreases geneticα-diversity by reducing the population size of target ***β-diversity,in contrast,was positively correlated with geneticβ-*** in canopy structural heterogeneity between plots had non-linear parallel effects on the two levels ofβ-diversity,while geographic distance had a relatively weak effect onβ-*** study indicates that canopy structural heterogeneity simultaneously affects plot-level community species diversity and population genetic diversity,and species and genetic turnover across plots,thus drivingα-andβ-SGDCs.

关键词： Dominant species Forest structure LiDAR Lithocarpus xylocarpus Speciesegenetic diversity correlation Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1628-1643页

作者： Yimiao Jiang Zengxin Qi Huixian Zhu Kangli Shen Ruiqi Liu Chenxin Fang Weiwei Lou Yifan Jiang Wangrui Yuan Xin Cao Liang Chen Qianxing Zhuang Department of Physiology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina National Center for Neurological Disorders ShanghaiChina Shanghai key laboratory of Brain Function restoration and Neural Regeneration ShanghaiChina State key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institute of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore,bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico–striato–pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease,particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremordominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia–thalamus network. Therefore, the comp

关键词： anxiety basal ganglia bradykinesia deep brain stimulation depression globus pallidus externus globus pallidus internus lateral globus pallidus medial globus pallidus neural circuit Parkinson's disease