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Genetic analysis and gene fine mapping for a rice novel mutant(rl_(9(t)))with rolling leaf character

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 63-69页

作者： YAN Changjie YAN Song ZHANG Zhengqiu LIANG Guohua LU Jufei GU Minghong Jiangsu key laboratory of plant Functional Genomics/Jiangsu key laboratory for Crop Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

Leaf shape is an important parameter for ideotype breeding in rice, and the rolling of leaf is also beneficial to efficient ripening of grains. This encourages the explorations of new genes that regulate leaf shape. In this study, genetic analysis and gene mapping were carried out for a novel rolling leaf mutant identified from japonica variety Zhonghua 11. The SSR marker analysis showed that the mutant was controlled by a single recessive gene (rl9(t)) lo- cated on chromosome 9. Fine mapping of the Rl9(t) locus was conducted with 30 new STS markers de- veloped around Rl9(t) anchored region based on the sequence diversity between Nipponbare and 93-11. The fine mapping necessitated the contruction of a PAC contig encompassing the Rl9(t) locus, which was delimited to a 42 kb region. This could therefore en- hance the cloning of the target gene in further stud- ies.

关键词：水稻遗传分析分子标记基因工程

Br■nsted acid-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatization of indolyl ynamides: Practical and enantioselective synthesis of polycyclic indolines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第3期34卷 317-321页

作者： Zhi-Xin Zhang Xuan Wang Jia-Tian Jiang Jie Chen Xin-Qi Zhu Long-Wu Ye key laboratory for Chemical biology of Fujian Province and State key laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State key laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China State key laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Catalytic asymmetric dearomatization of indoles and alkynes has received much attention in the past decade because this strategy offers an attractive and alternative way for the efficient synthesis of valuable chiral polycyclic indolines. However, these reactions have been mostly limited to transition-metal catalysts, and the related chiral Br■nsted acid catalysis has been scarcely reported. Herein, we disclose a chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatization of indolyl ynamides by direct activation of alkynes. This metal-free method enables the practical and atom-economical construction of an array of valuable chiral polycyclic indolines in moderate to good yields with high enantioselectivities.

关键词： Br■nsted acid catalysis Dearomatization Heterocycles Ynamides Stereoselectivity

Control of grain size by G protein signaling in rice

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Journal of Integrative plant biology 2019年第5期61卷 533-540页

作者： Ran Xu Na Li Yunhai Li State key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biologythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Heterotrimeric G proteins are involved in multiple cellular processes in eukaryotes by sensing and transducing various signals. G protein signaling in plants is quite different from that in animals, and the mechanisms of plant G protein signaling are still largely unknown. Several recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanisms of G protein signaling in rice grain size and yield control. In this review,we summarize recent advances on the function of G proteins in rice grain size control and discuss the potential genetic and molecular mechanisms of plant G protein signaling.

关键词： Heterotrimeric G proteins cellular processes in eukaryotes G protein signaling

Initial detections and spread of invasive Spodoptera frugiperda in China and comparisons with other noctuid larvae in cornfields using molecular techniques

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Insect Science 2020年第4期27卷 780-790页

作者： Da-Peng Jing Jing-Fei Guo Yu-Ying Jiang Jian-Zhou Zhao Amit Sethi Kang-Lai He Zhen-Ying Wang State key laboratory for biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina China National AgroTech Extension and Service Center BeijingChina Corteva Agriscience JohnstonIAUSA

The fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,is a species native to the Americas and has spread to many countries in Africa and Asia in recent *** actions for potential invasion of *** to China coordinated by government agencies and agricultural extension systems resulted in timely detection in January 2019 in Yunnan province neighboring onto *** extensive monitoring in southern provinces of China since February 2019 resulted in dynamic tracking of *** spreading to 13 provincial regions in China within 4 months by May 10,2019,which is crucial for timely management actions in the *** first detections of ***(corn strain)in China were confirmed using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1(COl)and triosephosphate isomerase(Tpi)genes molecular marker *** addition to ***,larvae of three other noctuid species with similar morphological appearance(***,*** and Mythimna separata)can occur simultaneously and cause similar damage in cornfields in southern ***,we can use both morphological and molecular marker methods to compare larval stages of four noctuid ***,we discuss the risk of potential spread of invasive *** to other regions and impact on corn production in China.

关键词： com molecular identification Mythimna separata,Spodoptera exigua Spodoptera frugiperda',Spodoptera litura

Diversity, structure and function of the coiled-coil domains of plant NLR immune receptors

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Journal of Integrative plant biology 2021年第2期63卷 283-296页

作者： Junzhu Wang Meng Han Yule Liu MOE key laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China

plant nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors(NLRs) perceive pathogen avirulence effectors and activate defense ***-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors are classified into coiled-coil(CC)-containing and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor(TIR)-containing NLRs. Recent advances suggest that NLR CC domains often function in signaling activation, especially for induction of cell death. In this review, we outline our current understanding of NLR CC domains, including their diversity/classification and structure, their roles in cell death induction, disease resistance, and interaction with other proteins. Furthermore, we provide possible directions for future work.

关键词： cell death classification coiled-coil domain disease resistance NLR structure

Decoding the Epigenetic Language of plant Development

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Molecular plant 2010年第4期3卷 719-728页

作者： Ayaz Ahmad Yong Zhang Xiao-Feng Cao State key laboratory of plant Genomics and National Center for plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yuquan Road Beijing 100039 China

Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype without changes in DNA sequence. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is accomplished by DNA methylation, histone modifications, histone variants, chromatin remodeling, and may involve small RNAs. DNA methylation at cytosine is carried out by enzymes called DNA Methyltransferases and is involved in many cellular processes, such as silencing of transposable elements and pericentromeric repeats, X-chromosome inactivation and genomic imprinting, etc. Histone modifications refer to posttranslational covalent attachment of chemical groups onto histones such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation, etc. Histone variants, the non-canonical histones with amino acid sequences divergent from canonical histones, can have different epigenetic impacts on the genome from canonical histones. Higher-order chromatin structures maintained or modified by chromatin remodeling proteins also play important roles in regulating gene expression. Small non-coding RNAs play various roles in the regulation of gene expression at preas well as posttranscriptional levels. A special issue of Molecular plant on ＇Epigenetics and plant Development＇（Volume 4, Number 2, 2009） published a variety of articles covering many aspects of epigenetic regulation of plant development. We have tried here to present a bird＇s-eye view of these credible efforts towards understanding the mysterious world of epigenetics. The majority of the articles are about the chromatin modifying proteins, including histone modifiers, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling pro- teins that regulate various developmental processes, such as flowering time, vernalization, stem cell maintenance, and response to hormonal and environmental stresses, etc. Regulation of expression of seed transcriptome, involvement of direct tandem repeat elements in the PHE1 imprinting in addition to PcG proteins activity, paramutation, and epige

关键词： Chromatin structure and remodeling epigenetics gene silencing flowering.

Agronomic and physiological traits associated with genetic improvement of phosphorus use efficiency of wheat grown in a purple lithomorphic soil

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1151-1164页

作者： Hongkun Yang Renhua Chen Yufeng Chen Han Li Ting Wei Wei Xie Gaoqiong Fan Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation key laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina key laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology&Farming System in Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 611130SichuanChina State key laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Ministry of Science and TechnologyChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Developing wheat that acquires and uses phosphorus(P)more efficiently is a promising and low-cost solution for increasing grain yield and reducing P-related environmental *** present study identified agronomic and physiological traits that contribute to genetic variation in the P acquisition,remobilization,and utilization efficiency of 11 wheat cultivars from southwest China grown in P-deficient purple lithomorphic soil(Olsen P=4.7)with balanced(75 kg P ha^(−1))and excess P(120 kg P ha^(−1))*** average,soil P deficiency(–P)reduced root P uptake(17.0%–60.8%),P remobilization(33.9%–52.8%),dry mass yield(11.5%–39.2%),and grain yield(17.7%–54.4%).Balanced P(+P)increased grain yield via increased plant biomass rather than increased HI.–P increased phosphorus uptake efficiency(PUpE,4.5-fold),phosphorus utilization efficiency(PUtE,1.25-fold),and phosphorus use efficiency(PUE,5.4-fold)compared with those under+P,and PUtE explained most(58.1%–60.8%)of the genetic variation in PUE under both–P and+*** high root P uptake of P-efficient cultivars under–P was regulated by root surface area and root length density in the 0–10 cm soil layer but not in the 10–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers,suggesting that a topsoil foraging strategy is a more economical approach than deeper root exploration for increasing P *** P uptake before anthesis and P remobilization after anthesis were critical for increasing the PUtE of wheat,given that P-efficient cultivars showed higher Pn(net photosynthetic rate)and sucrose levels than P-inefficient *** reduction by–P resulted from decreased Gs and Ci,and high evapotranspiration under+P increased shoot P%by increasing root P *** variation in the source-to-sink ratio was observed in consequence of a+P-induced allometric increase in sucrose in leaves and *** to these beneficial effects,+P increased the kernel N and P yields of the 11 cultivars by 9.9%–52.4%and 12.3%–48.8%,*** findings of thi

关键词： Grain yield Root P acquisition P remobilization and utilization Leaf photosynthesis Sucrose

Identification of a germline-expression promoter for genome editing in Bombyx mori

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Insect Science 2019年第6期26卷 991-999页

作者： Jun Xu Rong-Mei Chen Shu-Qing Chen Kai Chen Lin-Meng Tang De-Hong Yang Xu Yang Yong Zhang Hong-Sheng Song Yong-Ping Huang CAS key laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences ShanghaiChina College of Life Sciences Shanghai University ShanghaiChina Department of biology University of NevadaRenoNevadaUSA

Identification of stage- and tissue-specific cis-regulatory elements will enable more precise genomic editing. In previous studies of the silkworm Bombyx mori, we identified and characterized several tissue- and sex-specific cisregulatory elements using transgenic technology, including a female- and fat body-specific promoter, vitellogenin, testis-specific promoters, Radial spoke head 1 (BmRl) and beta-tubulin 4 (Bmp4). Here we report a c/5-regulatory element specific for a somatic and germ cell-expressed promoter, nanos (Bmnos). We investigated activities of three truncated promoter sequences upstream of the transcriptional initiation site sequences of Bmnos in vitro (nos-0.6kb, nos-1 kb and nos-2kb) and in vivo (nos-2kb). In BmN cultured cells, all three lengths drove expression of the gene encoding enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP), although nos-2kb had the highest fluorescence activity. In transgenic silkworms, nos-2kb drove EGFP expression at the early embryonic stage, and fluorescence was concentrated in the gonads at later embryonic stages. In addition, this cisregulatory element was not sex differentiated. The fluorescence intensity gradually weakened following the larval developmental stage in the gonads and were broadly expressed in the whole body. The nos-2kb promoter drove the Cas9 system with efficiency comparable to that of the broad-spectrum strong IE1 promoter. These results indicate that Bmnos is an effective endogenous cisregulatory element in the early embryo and in the gonad that can be used in applications involving the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system.

关键词： Bombyx mori nanos promoter transgenic CRISPR/Cas9

Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in Conogethes punctiferalis （Lepidoptera： Pyralidae）

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 556-563页

作者： Li-Rong Xu Xinzhi Ni Zhen-Ying Wang Kang-Lai He The State key laboratory for biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit University of Georgia-Tifton Campus Tifton GeorgiaUSA

The yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis （Guenee）, a multivoltine species that overwinters as diapausing larvae, is one of the most serious insect pests on maize in China. Effect of photoperiod and temperature on larval diapause was examined under empirical laboratory conditions. Short-day treatments caused larval diapause at 25℃, and the critical photoperiod was between 12 and 13 h （or 12 h 51 min） light per day. No sensitive instar was identified for diapause induction under alternated short- （L ： D 11 ： 13 h） and long-day （L ： D 14 ： 10 h） treatments at different larval stages. However, accumulative treatment of three instars and 10 d under short-day treatment was required for the induction of 50% larval diapause. All larvae entered diapause at 20℃, whereas less than 3% did so at 30℃, irrespective of the long- or short-day treatment. Furthermore, under the short-day treatment, more than 90% of larvae went into diapause with temperatures ≤ 25℃, but less than 17% did so at 28℃. In contrast, under the long-day treatment, less than 19% of larvae went into diapause with temperatures ≥23 ℃. The forward shift （5℃） of critical temperature under the long-day regime demonstrated the compensatory effect of temperature and photoperiod on diapause induction. In conclusion, C. punctiferalis had a temperature-dependent type Ⅰ photoperiodic diapause response; there was no sensitive instar for diapause determination, but the photoperiodic accumulation time countermeasures both of the short-day cycles and the number ofinstars exposed, and the photoperiodic diapause response, was a temperature-compensated phenomenon.

关键词： Conogethes punctiferalis diapause induction photoperiod sensitive larval instar temperature dependence yellow peach moth