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Optimized tillage methods increase mechanically transplanted rice yield and reduce the greenhouse gas emissions

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1150-1163页

作者： Shuang Cheng Zhipeng Xing Chao Tian Mengzhu Liu Yuan Feng Hongcheng Zhang Jiangsu key laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Biaxia lrotary tillage in dryland(DBRT)can complete biaxial rotary tillage with straw incorporation,secondary suppression,and ditching,and it has been previously studied in direct-seeded rice and ***,the effects of DBRT on the mechanically transplanted rice yield and greenhouse gas emissions remain *** evaluate the effects of DBRT on improving the food security of mechanically transplanted rice and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions,we conducted an experiment for two years with wheat straw *** tillage methods were set up:DBRT,uniaxial rotary tillage in dryland and paddy(DPURT),and uniaxial rotary tillage in paddy(PURT).The results showed that compared with DPURT and PURT,DBRT increased the yield of machine-transplanted rice by 7.5-11.0%and 13.3-26.7%,respectively,while the seasonal cumulative CH_(4) emissions were reduced by 13.9-21.2%and 30.2-37.0%,respectively,and the seasonal cumulative N_(2)O emissions were increased by 13.5-28.6%and 50.0-73.1%,***,DBRT reduced the global warming potential by 10.7-15.5%and 23.7-28.6%,respectively,andtheyield-scaledglobalwarmingpotentialby18.2-21.8%and36.4-39.3%,respectively,compared to DPURT and *** results were mainly related to the fact that DBRT significantly reduced soil bulk density and increased soil redox potential(Eh).Therefore,implementing DBRT in machine-transplanted rice fields is feasible,which cannot only increase the rice yield,but also reduce the greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： integrated tillage rice grain yield CH_(4) N_(2)O

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Electron capture and excitation in intermediate-energy He^(2+)–H(1s,2s)collisions

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 72-79页

作者：刘亚东贾聪聪马茗萱高翔刘玲吴勇陈向军王建国 Department of modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematitics Beijing 100088China Institute of modern Physics Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application(MOE)Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The semiclassical non-perturbative atomic orbital close-coupling approach has been employed to study the electron capture and excitation processes in He^(2+)-H(1s)and He^(2+)-H(2s)collision *** order to ensure the accuracy of our calculated cross sections,a large number of high excited states and pseudostates are included in the expansion basis sets which are centered on the target and projectile,*** total and partial charge transfer and excitation cross sections are obtained for a wide-energy domain ranging from 1 keV/amu to 200 keV/*** present calculations are also compared with the results from other theoretical *** cross section data are useful for the investigation of astrophysics and laboratory plasma.

关键词： atomic orbital close-coupling(AOCC)method inelastic collision processes electron capture and excitation

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Design and test of the arc-shaped nail-tooth roller residual film recovery machine from the sowing layer

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 90-98页

作者： Zhiyuan Zhang Xuegeng Chen Xianfei Wang Shuaikang Xue Jingbin Li College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003XinjiangChina Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps key laboratory of modern Agricultural Machinery Shihezi 832003XinjiangChina key laboratory of Northwest Agricultural equipment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShihezi 832003XinjiangChina

Residual films on the sowing layer produced after mulching in Xinjiang farmland,harm the sowing quality and root growth of *** this study,a sowing layer residual film recovery machine based on a radial plate arc-shaped nail-tooth roller structure was ***,the key device structures were designed and the main working parameters were ***,taking the working depth,the forward speed of the machine and the rotation speed of the nail tooth roller as the test factors,and the film collection rate and film intertwining rate as the test indicators,the single factor tests and the Box-Behnken response surface tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of the sowing layer residual film recovery ***,the results showed that the order of significant factors was the working depth,the forward speed of the machine,and the rotation speed of the nail tooth ***,the optimal working parameters were determined,which the working depth,the forward speed of the machine,and the rotation speed of the nail tooth roller were 100 mm,4.8 km/h,and 49.3 r/min,***,the predicted value of the film collection rate was 69.20%.Finally,the verification test was taken with the optimal working parameter,and the results showed that the film collection rate was 66.84%,and the film intertwining rate was 1.39%.The relative error between the test value and the predicted value of the film collection rate was 3.40%.It indicated that the machine can perform the collection of sowing layer residual *** study can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the design of new sowing layer residual film machines.

关键词： residual film recycling machine mulching film pick-up device seedbed preparation

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Cardioprotective Potential of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil against Isoproterenol-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy:Possible Involvement of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Oxidative Phosphorylation Complex Subunits

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 450-461页

作者： Xiao-yun DING Hao ZHANG Yu-mei QIU Meng-die XIE Hu WANG Zheng-yu XIONG Ting-ting LI Chun-ni HE Wei DONG Xi-lan TANG School of Pharmacy Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal UniversityNanchang 330013China key laboratory of modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine Ministry of EducationJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China Jiangxi Provincial key laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation Nanchang 330013China

Objective:Cymbopogon citratus(DC.)Stapf is a medicinal and edible herb that is widely used for the treatment of gastric,nervous and hypertensive *** this study,we investigated the cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of the essential oil,the main active ingredient of Cymbopogon citratus,on isoproterenol(ISO)-induced cardiomyocyte ***:The compositions of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil(CCEO)were determined by gas chromatography-mass *** were pretreated with 16.9µg/L CCEO for 1 h followed by 10µmol/L ISO for 24 *** hypertrophy-related indicators and NLRP3 inflammasome expression were ***,transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)and target verification were used to further explore the underlying ***:Our results showed that the CCEO mainly included citronellal(45.66%),geraniol(23.32%),and citronellol(10.37%).CCEO inhibited ISO-induced increases in cell surface area and protein content,as well as the upregulation of fetal gene ***,CCEO inhibited ISO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome expression,as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase content and downregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3,ASC,CASP1,GSDMD,and IL-1β,as well as reduced protein levels of NLRP3,ASC,pro-caspase-1,caspase-1(p20),GSDMD-FL,GSDMD-N,and pro-IL-1β.The RNA-seq results showed that CCEO inhibited the increase in the mRNA levels of 26 oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits in ISO-treated *** further experiments confirmed that CCEO suppressed ISO-induced upregulation of mt-Nd1,Sdhd,mt-Cytb,Uqcrq,and mt-Atp6 but had no obvious effects on mt-Col ***:CCEO inhibits ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and the regulation of several oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits.

关键词： Cymbopogon citratus essential oil cardiac hypertrophy NLRP3 inflammasome oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits

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FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 96-108页

作者： Wei Jiang Ping Cao Yi-Ming Wu Xian-Ke Liu Zhu-Jun Fang Zhi-Yong Zhang Bin Shi Jun Chen State key laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National key laboratory for Metrology and Calibration Techniques China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas *** address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online position reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber *** method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined *** performance test of the selfadaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99%,ensuring reliable data *** experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method’s resolution level of 5 *** beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction *** online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT.

关键词： Position reconstruction FPGA Readout electronics Neutron flux spatial distribution

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Realization of one-dimensional 2^(n)-root topological states in photonic lattices

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 98-104页

作者： WEI RuiShan ZHANG QingLong YANG DanDan HUANG XiongJian PAN QiWen KANG Juan QIU JianRong YANG ZhongMin DONG GuoPing State key laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied TechniquesGuangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China State key laboratory of modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Square-root topological insulators recently discovered are intriguing topological *** possess topological properties inherited from the squared Hamiltonian and exhibit double-band *** mechanism of the square root was generalized to 2^(n)-root topological insulators,giving rise to more band *** this study,we describe the experimental realization of onedimensional 2^(n)-root topological insulators in photonic waveguide arrays using the archetypical Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(SSH)*** edge states with tunable numbers are clearly observed under visible *** particular,we visualized the dynamic evolutions of the light propagation by varying the sample lengths,which further proved the localization and multiple numbers of edge states in 2^(n)-root topological *** experiment,which involves constructing 2^(n)-root topological photonic lattices in various geometric arrangements,provides a stable platform for studying topological states that exhibit a remarkable degree of flexibility and control.

关键词： 2^(n)-root topological insulators multiple edge states photonic waveguide arrays light dynamics

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基于角度分辨倾斜背散射拉曼光谱的单晶硅应力分量解耦分析

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第4期40卷 238-250页

作者：常颖何赛赛孙铭媛赵宇琦马路路仇巍 Tianjin key laboratory of modern Engineering Mechanics Department of MechanicsTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

对于应变工程而言,应力是控制半导体器件光电性能的关键.显微拉曼光谱是一种有效的半导体材料应力无损分析技术.然而,使用传统拉曼方法得到的结果通常是特定晶体/特定晶面的面内等效应力或主应力和.本文提出了一种基于角度分辨倾斜背散... 详细信息

对于应变工程而言,应力是控制半导体器件光电性能的关键.显微拉曼光谱是一种有效的半导体材料应力无损分析技术.然而,使用传统拉曼方法得到的结果通常是特定晶体/特定晶面的面内等效应力或主应力和.本文提出了一种基于角度分辨倾斜背散射显微拉曼光谱的应力分析方法.通过在样品坐标系中求解晶格动力学方程,在特征向量坐标系中进行拉曼选择,提出了一种通用的物理力学模型.利用该模型,考虑折射率、转偏和数值孔径影响等因素,建立了任意应力状态下任意晶面(以单晶硅{100}面为例)上偏振拉曼频移与各应力分量的解析关系.验证实验表明,应力分量的分析结果与施加的应力状态非常吻合.证明了基于角度分辨倾斜背散射显微拉曼光谱的方法、模型和仪器,能够解决单晶硅特别是{100}晶面上的应力分量不能通过拉曼测量解耦的普遍问题.

关键词：显微拉曼光谱材料应力应力分量背散射半导体器件晶格动力学无损分析数值孔径

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Phytochrome B interacts with LIGULELESS1 to control plant architecture and density tolerance in maize

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1255-1271页

作者： Qingbiao Shi Ying Xia Qibin Wang Kaiwen Lv Hengjia Yang Lianzhe Cui Yue Sun Xiaofei Wang Qing Tao Xiehai Song Di Xu Wenchang Xu Xingyun Wang Xianglan Wang Fanying Kong Haisen Zhang Bosheng Li Pinghua Li Haiyang Wang Gang Li State key laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China State key laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at WeifangWeifangShandong 261000China Guandong laboratory for Lingnan modern Agriculture State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

Over the past few decades,significant improvements in maize yield have been largely attributed to increased plant density of upright hybrid varieties rather than increased yield per ***,dense planting triggers shade avoidance responses(SARs)that optimize light absorption but impair plant vigor and performance,limiting yield improvement through increasing plant *** this study,we demonstrated that high-density-induced leaf angle narrowing and stem/stalk elongation are largely dependent on phytochrome B(phyB1/B2),the primaryphotoreceptor responsible for perceiving red(R)and far-red(FR)light in *** found that maize phyB physically interacts with the LIGULELESS1(LG1),a classical key regulator of leaf angle,to coordinately regulate plant architecture and density *** abundance of LG1 is significantly increased by phyB under high R:FR light(low density)but rapidly decreases under low R:FR light(high density),correlating with variations in leaf angle and plant height under various *** addition,we identified the homeobox transcription factor HB53 as a target co-repressed by both phyB and LG1 but rapidly induced by canopy *** and cellular analyses showed that HB53 regulates plant architecture by controlling the elongation and division of ligular adaxial and abaxial *** together,these findings uncover the phyB-LG1-HB53 regulatory module as a key molecular mechanism governing plant architecture and density tolerance,providing potential genetic targets for breeding maize hybrid varieties suitable for high-density planting.

关键词： maize phytochrome B LIGULELESS1 HB53 leaf angle density tolerance

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Method for the height measurement of agricultural implements based on variable parameter Kalman filter

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 193-199页

作者： Gaolong Chen Xiwen Luo Lian Hu Pei Wang Jie He Dawen Feng Weicong Li Jinkang Jiao College of Engineering South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong laboratory for Lingnan modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Agricultural Artificial Intelligence(GDKL-AAI) Guangzhou 510642China

To improve the GNSS receiver’s accuracy,continuity,and stability in measuring the height of agricultural implements,this study proposed a variable-parameter Kalman filter(VPKF)algorithm based on GNSS and accelerometer to estimate the height of the implements *** VPKF was verified,and its accuracy was evaluated by parallel rail platform and field *** the parallel rail test results,when the GNSS receiver was in real-time kinematic(RTK)positioning and the time delay of differential correction data(TDDCD)was less than or equal to 4 s,the root mean square error(RMSE)of the VPKF estimation was 9.82 *** RMSE of the GNSS measurement was 18.85 *** the GNSS receiver lost differential correction data within 28 s,the absolute error of VPKF was less than 30 mm,and the RMSE was 16.93 *** field test results showed that when the GNSS receiver was in RTK positioning and the TDDCD was less than or equal to 4 s,the RMSE of VPKF estimation was 13.43 mm,and the GNSS measurement was 14.56 *** the GNSS receiver lost differential correction data within 28 s,the RMSE of the VPKF estimate was 15.22 *** results show that VPKF can optimally estimate implement height with better ***,the VPKF can obtain a more accurate,continuous,and stable height of the implement,and increase the application scenarios of the GNSS receiver to measure the implement height.

关键词： agricultural implement height Kalman filter GNSS accelerometer

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Sodium intake:a double-edged sword wielded by the brain

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1545-1547页

作者： Lingyu Xu Xiaolong Ma Yi Wang Zhong Chen key laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Zheiiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Institute of Pharmacology&toxicology College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Taste receptors on the tongue discriminate between five fundamental tastes:sour,sweet,bitter,salty,and umami(Chandrashekar et al.,2006).Typically,stimuli that evoke bitterness and acidity prompt aversive responses by animals,whereas sweet and umami flavors are appetitive and *** is unique in that it transitions from an appetitive to an aversive stimulus with increasing concentrations.

关键词： prompt sweet sword

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