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Separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothio-Cyanex 272 and trioctylamine

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2023年第5期30卷 877-885页

作者： Junlian Wang Lu Liu Wen Xu Hui Liu Guodong Xu Kun Huang Fengshan Yu Guoyong Huang School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China key laboratory of ministry of education for efficient mining and safety of metal mines Beijing 100083China State key laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemical EngineeringChina University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China School of metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Jiangxi Province Han’s Precious metals Co. Ltd.Shangrao 335500China

Platinum group metals(PGMs),especially Pd,Pt,and Rh,have drawn great attention due to their unique features.Direct separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic automobile catalyst leach liquors is disturbed by various factors.This work investigates the effect of various parameters including the acidity,extractant concentration,phase ratio A/O,and diluents on the Pd and Pt extraction and their stripping behaviors.The results show that the Pd and Pt are successfully separated from simulated leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts with monothioCyanex 272 and trioctylamine(TOA).Monothio-Cyanex 272 shows strong extractability and specific selectivity for Pd,and only one single stage is needed to recover more than 99.9% of Pd,leaving behind all the Pt,Rh,and base metals of Fe,Mg,Ce,Ni,Cu,and Co in the raffinate.The loaded Pd is efficiently stripped by acidic thiourea solutions.TOA shows strong extractability for Pt and Fe at acidity of 6 mol·L^(–1) HCl.More than 99.9% of Pt and all of the Fe are extracted into the organic phase after two stages of countercurrent extraction.Diluted HCl easily scrubs the loaded base metals(Fe,Cu,and Co).The loaded Pt is efficiently stripped by 1.0 mol·L^(–1) thiourea and 0.05–0.1 mol·L^(–1) Na OH solutions.Monothio-Cyanex 272 and TOA can realize the separation of Pd and Pt from highly acidic leach liquor of spent automobile catalysts.

关键词： platinum group metals spent automobile catalysts extraction separation high chloride media

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Study on the strength of cold-bonded high-phosphorus oolitic hematite-coal composite briquettes

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2014年第5期21卷 423-430页

作者： Wen Yu Ti-chang Sun Zhen-zhen Liu Jue Kou Cheng-yan Xu The key laboratory of the ministry of education of China for High-efficient mining and safety of metal mines University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Composite briquettes containing high-phosphorus oolitic hematite and coal were produced with a twin-roller briquette machine using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, molasses, starch, sodium silicate, and bentonite as binders. The effect of these binders on the strength of the composite briquettes, including cold strength and high-temperature strength, was investigated by drop testing and compression testing. It was found the addition of Ca（OH）2 and Na2CO3 not only improved the reduction of iron oxides and promoted dephosphorization during the reduction-separation process but also provided strength to the composite briquettes during the briquetting process; a compressive strength of 152.8 N per briquette was obtained when no binders were used. On this basis, the addition of molasses, sodium silicate, starch, and ben- tonite improved the cold strength of the composite briquettes, and a maximum compressive strength of 404.6 N per briquette was obtained by using starch. When subjected to a thermal treatment at 1200~C, all of the composite briquettes suffered from a sharp decrease in compressive strength during the initial reduction process. This decrease in strength was related to an increase in porosity of the composite briquettes. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） analyses showed that the decrease in strength of the composite briquettes could be caused by four factors： decomposition of bonding materials, gasification of coal, transportation of byproduct gases in the composite briquettes, and thermal stress.

关键词： hematite briquetting binders compressive strength porosity direct reduction process-

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Effects of forced aeration on community dynamics of free and attached bacteria in copper sulphide ore bioleaching

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2022年第1期29卷 59-69页

作者： Wei Chen Shenghua Yin I.M.S.K.Ilankoon key laboratory of ministry of education for High-efficient mining and safety of metal University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Discipline of Chemical Engineering School of EngineeringMonash UniversityJalan Lagoon SelatanBandar SunwaySelangor Darul Ehsan 47500Malaysia

Bacterial community dynamics and copper leaching with applied forced aeration were investigated during low-grade copper sulphide bioleaching to obtain better bioleaching efficiency.Results illustrated that appropriate aeration improved bacterial concentrations and leaching efficiencies.The highest bacterial concentration and Cu^(2+)concentration after 14-d leaching were 7.61×10^(7) cells·mL^(−1) and 704.9 mg·L^(−1),respectively,at aeration duration of 4 h·d^(−1).The attached bacteria played a significant role during bioleaching from 1 to 7 d.However,free bacteria dominated the bioleaching processes from 8 to 14 d.This phenomenon was mainly caused by the formation of passivation layer through Fe3+hydrolysis along with bioleaching,which inhibited the contact between the attached bacteria and ore.Meanwhile,16S rDNA analysis verified the effect of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans on the bioleaching process.The results demonstrate the importance of free and attached bacteria in bioleaching.

关键词： attached bacteria bioleaching forced aeration free bacteria low-grade copper sulphide ore

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Effects of minerals in ferric bauxite on sodium carbonate decomposition and volatilization

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第7期22卷 2503-2507页

作者：胡文韬王化军刘欣伟孙传尧 key laboratory of High-efficient mining and safety of metal mines (USTB) of ministry of education(University of Science and Technology Beijing) State key laboratory of Mineral Processing Science and Technology(Beijing General Research Institute of mining and metallurgy)

Direct reduction is an emerging technology for ferric bauxite utilization. However, because of sodium volatilization, its sodium carbonate consumption is considerably higher than that in ordinary bauxite processing technology. TG-DSC and XRD were applied to detecting phase transformation and mass loss in direct reduction to reveal the mechanism on sodium volatilization. The results show that the most significant influence factor of ferric bauxite on sodium volatilization in direct reduction system is its iron content. Sodium volatilization is probably ascribed to the instability of amorphous substances structure. Amorphous substances are the intermediate-products of the reaction, and the volatilization rate of sodium increases with its generating rate. These amorphous substances are volatile, thus, more sodium is volatilized with its generation. A small amount of amorphous substances are generated in the reaction between Na2CO3 and Al2O3; thus, only 3.15% of sodium is volatilized. Similarly, the volatilization rate is 1.87% in the reaction between Na2CO3 and SiO2. However, the volatilization rate reaches 7.64% in the reaction between Na2CO3 and Fe2O3 because of the generation of a large amount of amorphous substances.

关键词：碳酸钠挥发率矿物质铁铝铝矿物 Na2CO3 直接还原法非晶态物质

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Aerosol flotation of low-grade refractory molybdenum ores

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2012年第12期19卷 1077-1082页

作者： Tao Xu Chun-bao Sun key laboratory of the ministry of education of China for High-efficient mining and safety of metal mines University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The characteristics of aerosol flotation, which include the effect of the concentration and particle size of kerosene aerosol on the molybdenum （Mo） flotation index and the effect of kerosene aerosol dosing method on the kerosene dosage and flotation time, were studied in the flotation of low-grade refractory molybdenum ores using kerosene aerosol. The results revealed that the particle size and concentration of kerosene aerosol had little effect on the Mo grade but had significant effect on the Mo recovery. A smaller particle size and a lower con-centration of kerosene aerosol were beneficial to the Mo aerosol flotation. For the received Mo ore samples, the optimized particle size of kerosene aerosol was 0.3-2 μm and the optimized aerosol concentration was 14 mg/L. The compressed air atomizer had a more uniform dis-tribution of aerosol particles than the ultrasonic atomizer, and the aerosol concentration was controlled easily, so the compressed air atomizer was more suitable for the research of aerosol flotation. Compared with conventional flotation in which kerosene was directly added into the ore pulp, the flotation time was reduced by ~30%, and the dosage was decreased by ~20% in aerosol flotation, while the Mo flotation index was similar.

关键词： molybdenum ore treatment flotation kerosene aerosols particle size

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Effect of Na2CO3 and CaCO3 on Coreduction Roasting of Blast Furnace Dust and High-phosphorus Oolitic Hematite

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2017年第3期32卷 517-524页

作者：曹允业孙体昌 KOU Jue XU Chengyan GAO Enxia School of Civil & Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Iron was recovered from blast furnace dust and high-phosphorus oolitic hematite in the presence of Na2CO3 and CaCO3 additives. The functions of Na2CO3 and CaCO3 during the coreduction roasting process were investigated by XRD and SEM-EDS analyses. Results indicate that these additives not only hinder the reduction of fluorapatite, CaCO3 also decreases the P content of direct reduced iron（DRI） by increasing the reduction alkalinity. P remains as fluorapatite in the slag, which can be removed by grinding and magnetic separation under optimal conditions. The Na2CO3 promotes hematite reduction and improves the iron recovery（εFe） by replacing the FeO from fayalite, which results in quick growth and aggregation of metallic iron and improvement of ε（Fe） in DRI. A DRI with 91.88 mass% Fe, and 0.065 mass% P can be achieved at a recovery of 87.86 mass% under the optimal condition.

关键词： Na2CO3 CaCO3 blast furnace dust high-phosphorus oolitic hematite coreduction roasting

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Shear testing on rock tunnel models under constant normal stress conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第6期14卷 1722-1736页

作者： Bing Yang Quan Jiang Xiating Feng Jie Xin Dingping Xu State key laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China key laboratory of ministry of education on Safe mining of Deep metal mines Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

Large shear deformation problems are frequently encountered in geotechnical engineering.To expose the shear failure mechanism of rock tunnels,compression-shear tests for rock models with circular tunnel were carried out,including single tunnel and adjacent double tunnels.The failure process is recorded by the external video and miniature cameras around the tunnel,accompanied by real-time acoustic emission monitoring.The experiments indicate that the shearing processes of rock tunnel can be divided into four steps:(i)cracks appeared around tunnels,(ii)shear cracks and spalling ejection developed,(iii)floor warping occurred,and(iv)shear cracks ran through the tunnel model.Besides,the roughness of the sheared fracture surface decreased with the increase in normal stress.Corresponding numerical simulation indicates that there are tensile stress concentrations and compressive stress concentrations around the tunnel during the shearing process,while the compressive stress concentration areas are under high risk of failure and the existence of adjacent tunnels will increase the degree of stress concentration.

关键词： Circular tunnel model Compression-shear test Spalling Numerical simulation Fracture surface roughness

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Effects and mechanisms of fluorite on the co-reduction of blast furnace dust and seaside titanomagnetite

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2017年第11期24卷 1201-1210页

作者： Tian-yang Hu Ti-chang Sun Jue Kou Chao Geng Yong-qiang Zhao School of Civil and Resources Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China key laboratory of ministry of education of China for efficient mining and safety of metal mines Beijing 100083 China

The co-reduction roasting and grinding-magnetic separation of seaside titanomagnetite and blast furnace dust was investigated with and without fluorite addition at a reduction roasting temperature of 1250°C for 60 min, a grinding fineness of-43 μm accounting for 69.02 wt% of the total, and a low-intensity magnetic field strength of 151 kA/m. The mineral composition, microstructure, and state of the roasted products were analyzed, and the concentrations of CO and CO_2 were analyzed in the co-reduction roasting. Better results were achieved with a small fluorite dosage(≤4 wt%) in the process of co-reduction. In addition, F^- was found to reduce the melting point and viscosity of the slag phase because of the high content of aluminate and silicate minerals in the blast furnace dust. The low moisture content of the blast furnace dust and calcic minerals inhibited the hydrolysis of CaF_2 and the loss of F^-. Compared with the blast furnace dust from Chengdeng, the blast furnace dusts from Jiugang and Jinxin inhibited the diffusion of F-when used as reducing agents, leading to weaker effects of fluorite.

关键词： seaside titanomagnetite blast furnace dust co-reduction roasting fluorite mechanisms

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Effect of particle gradation characteristics on yield stress of cemented paste backfill

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2020年第1期27卷 10-17页

作者： Hai-yong Cheng Shun-chuan Wu Xiao-qiang Zhang Ai-xiang Wu Faculty of Land Resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China key laboratory of ministry of education of China for efficient mining and safety of metal mines Beijing 100083China

Along with slurry concentration and particle density,particle size distribution(PSD)of tailings also exerts a significant influence on the yield stress of cemented paste,a non-Newtonian fluid.In this work,a paste stability coefficient(PSC)was proposed to characterize paste gradation and better reveal its connection to yield stress.This coefficient was proved beneficial to the construction of a unified rheological model,applicable to different materials in different mines,so as to promote the application of rheology in the pipeline transportation of paste.From the results,yield stress showed an exponential growth with increasing PSC,which reflected the proportion of solid particle concentration to the packing density of granular media in a unit volume of slurry,and could represent the properties of both slurry and granular media.It was found that slurry of low PSC contained extensive pores,generally around 20μm,encouraging free flow of water,constituting a relatively low yield stress.In contrast,slurry of high PSC had a compact and quite stable honeycomb structure,with pore sizes generally<5μm,causing the paste to overcome a higher yield stress to flow.

关键词： paste backfill grading theory yield stress paste stability coefficient microscale

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Microdamage study of granite under thermomechanical coupling based on the particle flow code

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第9期17卷 1413-1427页

作者： Chong SHI Yiping ZHANG Yulong ZHANG Xiao CHEN Junxiong YANG key laboratory of ministry of education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China key laboratory of ministry of education on Safe mining of Deep metal mines College of Resources and Civil EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S1A1Canada

The thermomechanical coupling of rocks refers to the interaction between the mechanical and thermodynamic behaviors of rocks induced by temperature changes.The study of this coupling interaction is essential for understanding the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the surrounding rocks in underground engineering.In this study,an improved temperature-dependent linear parallel bond model is introduced under the framework of a particle flow simulation.A series of numerical thermomechanical coupling tests are then conducted to calibrate the micro-parameters of the proposed model by considering the mechanical behavior of the rock under different thermomechanical loadings.Good agreement between the numerical results and experimental data are obtained,particularly in terms of the compression,tension,and elastic responses of granite.With this improved model,the thermodynamic response and underlying cracking behavior of a deep-buried tunnel under different thermal loading conditions are investigated and discussed in detail.

关键词： thermomechanical coupling effect granite improved linear parallel bond model thermal property particle flow code

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