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Toward understanding the microstructure characteristics,phase selection and magnetic properties of laser additive manufactured Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets

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International Journal of Extreme manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 277-294页

作者： Bo Yao Nan Kang Xiangyu Li Dou Li Mohamed EL Mansori Jing Chen Haiou Yang Hua Tan Xin Lin State key laboratory of Solidiffcation Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072People’s Republic of China Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology MSMPHESAM UniversitéF-51006 Chˆalons-en-ChampagneFrance key laboratory of metal high Performance additive manufacturing and innovative design MIIT ChinaNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072People’s Republic of China Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station Institute for Manufacturing SystemsCollege StationTX 77843United States of America

Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets play a crucial role in energy conversion and electronic *** essential magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B magnets,particularly coercivity and remanent magnetization,are significantly infuenced by the phase characteristics and *** this work,Nd-Fe-B magnets were manufactured using vacuum induction melting(VIM),laser directed energy deposition(LDED)and laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)*** evolution and phase selection of Nd-Fe-B magnets were then clarified in *** results indicated that the solidification velocity(V)and cooling rate(R)are key factors in the phase *** terms of the VIM-casting Nd-Fe-B magnet,a large volume fraction of theα-Fe soft magnetic phase(39.7 vol.%)and Nd2Fe17Bxmetastable phase(34.7 vol.%)areformed due to the low R(2.3×10-1?C s-1),whereas only a minor fraction of the Nd2Fe14B hard magnetic phase(5.15 vol.%)is *** the LDED-processed Nd-Fe-B deposit,although the Nd2Fe14B hard magnetic phase also had a low value(3.4 vol.%)as the values of V(higher volume of Nd2Fe17Bxmetastable phases(47.5 vol.%)*** a result,both the VIM-casting and LDED-processed Nd-Fe-B deposits exhibited poor magnetic *** contrast,employing the high values of V(>10-2m s-1)and R(1.45×106?C s-1)in the LPBF process resulted in the substantial formation of the Nd2Fe14B hard magnetic phase(55.8 vol.%)directly from the liquid,while theα-Fe soft magnetic phase and Nd2Fe17Bxmetastable phase precipitation are suppressed in the LPBF-processed Nd-Fe-B ***,crystallographic texture analysis reveals that the LPBF-processedNd-Fe-B magnets exhibit isotropic magnetic ***,the LPBF-processed Nd-Fe-B deposit,exhibiting a coercivity of 656 k A m-1,remanence of 0.79 T and maximum energy product of 71.5 k J m-3,achieved an acceptable magnetic perfor

关键词： laser additive manufacturing(LAM) Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets numerical simulation microstructure magnetic properties

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Biomedical rare-earth magnesium alloy:Current status and future prospects

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1260-1282页

作者： Mingli Yang Cheng Chen Dongsheng Wang Yinjin Shao Wenhao Zhou Cijun Shuai Youwen Yang Xinghai Ning Institute of additive manufacturing Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang 330013China key laboratory of Construction Hydraulic Robots of Anhui higher Education Institutes Tongling UniversityTongling 244061China Department of Rehabilitation Ganzhou People’s HospitalGanzhou 341099China Shaanxi key laboratory of Biomedical metallic Materials Northwest Institute for Non-Ferrous Metal ResearchXi’an 710016China State key laboratory of high Performance Complex manufacturing Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China College of Engineering and Applied Science Nanjing University210089China

Biomedical magnesium(Mg)alloys have garnered significant attention because of their unique biodegradability,favorable biocompatibility,and suitable mechanical *** incorporation of rare earth(RE)elements,with their distinct physical and chemical properties,has greatly contributed to enhancing the mechanical performance,degradation behavior,and biological performance of biomedical Mg ***,a series of RE-Mg alloys are being designed and investigated for orthopedic implants and cardiovascular stents,achieving substantial and encouraging research *** this work,a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art in biomedical RE-Mg alloys is *** physiological effects and design standards of RE elements in biomedical Mg alloys are ***,the degradation behavior and mechanical properties,including their underlying action are studied ***,the preparation techniques and current application status of RE-Mg alloys are ***,we address the ongoing challenges and propose future prospects to guide the development of high-performance biomedical Mg-RE alloys.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Rare earth elements Biodegradation behavior Mechanical performance Biological properties

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high-performance liquid metal electromagnetic actuator fabricated by femtosecond laser

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International Journal of Extreme manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 511-521页

作者： Yiyu Chen Hao Wu Rui Li Shaojun Jiang Shuneng Zhou Zehang Cui Yuan Tao Xinyuan Zheng Qianqian Zhang Jiawen Li Guoqiang Li Dong Wu Jiaru Chu Yanlei Hu CAS key laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and design of Materials Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education InstitutesDepartment of Precision Machinery and Precision InstrumentationUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027People’s Republic of China key laboratory of Testing Technology for manufacturing Process of Ministry of Education Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China

Small-scale electromagnetic soft actuators are characterized by a fast response and simplecontrol,holding prospects in the field of soft and miniaturized *** use of liquid metal(LM)to replace a rigid conductor inside soft actuators can reduce the rigidity and enhance the actuation performance and *** research efforts,challenges persist in the flexible fabrication of LM soft actuators and in the improvement of actuation *** address these challenges,we developed a fast and robust electromagnetic soft microplate actuator based on a laser-induced selective adhesion transfer *** with unprecedentedly thin LM circuit and customized low Young’s modulus silicone rubber(1.03 kPa),our actuator exhibits an excellent deformation angle(265.25?)and actuation bending angular velocity(284.66 rad·s^(-1)).Furthermore,multiple actuators have been combined to build an artificial gripper with a wide range of *** actuator presents new possibilities for designing small-scaleartificial machines and supports advancements in ultrafast soft and miniaturized robotics.

关键词： soft actuators femtosecond laser liquid metal

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additively Manufactured high-Entropy Alloys:Exceptional Mechanical Properties and Advanced Fabrication

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 3-16页

作者： Changxi Liu Yingchen Wang Yintao Zhang Liqiang Wang State key laboratory of metal Matrix Composites School of Material Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China National Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

high-entropy alloys(HEA)represent a novel material class,with significant potential for research on performance and preparation in additive manufacturing(AM).Currently,FCC HEA dominates the research on AM-fabricated HEA,with a shift in focus from preparation to microstructure design and mechanical properties *** on BCC HEA is currently primarily focused on preparation and process ***,it is important to note that the biomedical potential of AM-fabricated BCC HEA should not be *** review provides a concise summary of the properties and preparation techniques of exceptional HEAs in recent *** specifically emphasizes the novel microstructure achieved through AM techniques,which significantly enhance the mechanical properties of ***,the review outlines the various preparation methods employed to mitigate defect introduction during AM ***,it offers insights into the future research directions and potential applications of additively manufactured HEA.

关键词： high-entropy alloy additive manufacture Microstructure Mechanical property

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Influence of post-heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Zr alloy manufactured by selective laser melting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第16期111卷 35-48页

作者： Yanfang Wang Xin Lin Nan Kang Zihong Wang Yuxi Liu Weidong Huang State key laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China key laboratory of metal high Performance additive manufacturing and innovative design MIIT ChinaNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

The properties of modified conventional wrought aluminum alloys cannot be significantly enhanced by normal post-heat treatment in that the fine-grained strengthening,arising from high cooling rate in SLM,is *** this work,compared with the normal T6 heat treatment,a novel simple direct aging regime was proposed to maintain the grain-boundary strengthening and to utilize the precipitation strengthening of secondary *** was found that a heterogeneous grain structure,which consisted of ultrafine equiaxed(~0.82μm)and columnar(~1.80μm)grains at the bottom and top of molten pool,respectively,was formed in the SLM processed *** direct aging(DA),the ultrafine grains were maintained and a mass of spherical coherent L1-AlZr particles with a mean radius of approximately1.15 nm was *** contrast,after solution treatment and aging(STA),a significant grain coarsening occurred in the equiaxed grain ***,the coarsening L1-AlZr particles,nano-sized S phases and GPB zones were detected in the STA *** subsequently induced that the yield strength of the DA sample(~435 MPa)was higher than that of the STA sample(~402 MPa)owing to the grain boundary strengthening and precipitation *** the STA and DA samples exhibited a higher strength than that of the other SLMed Al-Cu-Mg series alloys;this was comparable to that of the wrought AA2024-T6 alloy(~393 MPa).Both the STA and DA samples exhibited a higher strength than that of the other SLMed Al-Cu-Mg series alloys;this was comparable to that of the wrought AA2024-T6alloy(~393 MPa).

关键词： Selective laser melting Al-Cu-Mg alloy Heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical properties

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Laser powder bed fusion of Zr-modified Al-Cu-Mg alloy:Processability and elevated-temperature mechanical properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第5期136卷 223-235页

作者： Yanfang Wang Xin Lin Yufan Zhao Zihong Wang Xiaobin Yu Xuehao Gao Weidong Huang State key laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China key laboratory of metal high Performance additive manufacturing and innovative design MIIT ChinaNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Zr modification is an effective method for improving hot-cracking resistance and elevated-temperature mechanical properties during laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)of traditional medium and high strength wrought aluminum *** study investigated the l-PBF processability and elevated-temperature mechanical properties of a Zr-modified 2024Al *** was found that the hot-cracking susceptibility increased with the increased scanning speed,which was in reasonable agreement with the modified Rappaz-Drezet-Gremaud ***,the primary L1_(2)-Al_(3)Zr precipitates,which acted as ef-ficient nucleation sites,precipitated at the fusion boundary of the melt pool,leading to the formation of a heterogeneous grain *** yield strength(YS)of the as-fabricated samples at 150,250,and 350℃was 363,210,and 48 MPa,*** the slight decrease to 360 MPa of the YS when tested at 150℃,owing to the additional precipitate strengthening from the L1_(2)-Al_(3)Zr precipitates,the YS achieved yield strengths of 253 and 69 MPa,an increase of 20.5%and 30.4%,when tested at 250 and 350℃,*** yield strengths in both the as-fabricated and T6-treated conditions tested at 150 and 250℃were comparable to those of casting Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys and superior to those of traditionally heat-resistant 2219-T6 and 2618-T6 of Al-Cu alloys.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Zirconium Al-Cu-Mg alloy Processability Elevated-temperature mechanical property

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Microstructure and room-temperature tensile property of Ti-5.7Al-4.0Sn-3.5Zr-0.4Mo-0.4Si-0.4Nb-1.0Ta-0.05C with near equiaxed β grain fabricated by laser directed energy deposition technique

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第6期101卷 308-320页

作者： MengCheng Deng Shang Sui Bo Yao Liang Ma Xin Lin Jing Chen State key laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China key laboratory of metal high Performance additive manufacturing and innovative design MIIT ChinaNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Near-equiaxed β grain was achieved in the near-α Ti60(Ti-5.7Al-4.0Sn-3.5Zr-0.4Mo-0.4Si-0.4Nb-1.0Ta-0.05C) titanium alloy via laser directed energy deposition(LDED). The microstructural evolution along the building direction and the room-temperature tensile properties along the horizontal and vertical directions(building direction) were systematically studied through SEM and OM. EBSD and XRD were utilized to accurately demonstrate the texture of the α and β phases. The results showed that the α phase presented a low texture intensity, which was ascribed to the weak textured β grain with near-equiaxed morphology, since there are Burgers orientation relationships during the β →α transition. In addition, numerical simulation, combined with the CET curve of Ti60 alloy considering the effect of multi-composition,was utilized to elucidate the formation mechanism of the near-equiaxed β grains. Furthermore, according to the solidification theory, we proposed that the solidification temperature range ΔTfwas more accurate than the growth restriction factor Q in predicting the formation tendency of equiaxed β grain in different titanium alloys. Tensile results showed that the horizontal and vertical samples had similar strength,while the former exhibited larger elongation than the latter. The effect of the near-equiaxed β grain and the internal α phase on mechanical properties were revealed at last.

关键词： Laser directed energy deposition Near-αtitanium alloy Equiaxedβgrain Room-temperature tensile property

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Interfacial Characteristics and Mechanical Behavior of Hybrid Manufactured AlSi10Mg–Al6061 Bimetal via Selective Laser Melting and Forging

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第3期35卷 375-388页

作者： Haoxiang Wang Xin Lin Nan Kang Zehao Qin Shuoqing Shi Jiacong Li Weidong Huang State key laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072.China key laboratory of metal high Performance additive manufacturing and innovative design MIIT ChinaNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Hybrid manufacturing(HM)uses additive manufacturing(AM)techniques to prepare complex or fine structures on traditional processing parts,which can fully utilize the advantages of AM to form complex parts,and the high efficiency and low cost of conventional processing methods in manufacturing regular components.A bimetal material was produced by selective laser melting(SLM)of AlSi10Mg on the deformed Al6061 alloy substrate in this ***,the interface characteristics of the two alloys were *** results show that a metallurgical interface with a thickness of 100–200μm was formed as the result of the Marangoni convection during SLM *** detail,the circular flow in the melt pool at the interface led to the dilution of alloying elements and the change of ***,a suitable first-layer thickness can eff ectively suppress the hot cracks at the interfacial *** on the optimized results,the hybrid manufactured samples with diff erent SLM processed volume ratios(SLM-part)to the substrate were prepared to study the mechanical properties and the deformation behavior of hybrid *** results show that the volume ratio of the SLM-part to the substrate had an influence on the strength and the elasto-plastic behavior by aff ecting the distribution of plastic deformation.

关键词： Hybrid manufacturing Selective laser melting Forging Aluminum alloys Interface Mechanical behavior

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Meter-Scale Thin-Walled Structure with Lattice Infill for Fuel Tank Supporting Component of Satellite:Multiscale design and Experimental Verification

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工程与科学中的计算机建模(英文) 2024年第1期138卷 201-220页

作者： Xiaoyu Zhang Huizhong Zeng Shaohui Zhang Yan Zhang Mi Xiao Liping Liu Hao Zhou Hongyou Chai Liang Gao Beijing key laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Beijing key laboratory of Intelligent Space Robotic Systems Technology and Applications Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System EngineeringChina Academy of Space TechnologyBeijing100094China key laboratory of metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology Ministry of EducationWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081China State key laboratory of Digital manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Lightweight thin-walled structures with lattice infill are widely desired in satellite for their high stiffness-to-weight ratio and superior buckling strength resulting fromthe sandwich *** structures can be fabricated bymetallic additive manufacturing technique,such as selective laser melting(SLM).However,the maximum dimensions of actual structures are usually in a sub-meter scale,which results in restrictions on their appliance in aerospace and other *** this work,a meter-scale thin-walled structure with lattice infill is designed for the fuel tank supporting component of the satellite by integrating a self-supporting lattice into the thickness optimization of the *** designed structure is fabricated by SLM of AlSi10Mg and cold metal transfer welding ***-static mechanical tests and vibration tests are both conducted to verify the mechanical strength of the designed large-scale lattice thin-walled *** experimental results indicate that themeter-scale thin-walled structure with lattice infill could meet the dimension and lightweight requirements of most spacecrafts.

关键词： Thin-walled structure lattice infill supporting component selective laser melting satellite

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Shape preserving topology optimization for structural radar cross section control

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第6期35卷 198-210页

作者： Fei CHEN Jihong ZHU Xinxin DU Ruitong ZHANG Weihong ZHANG State IJR Center of Aerospace design and additive manufacturing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China MIIT Lab of metal additive manufacturing and innovative design Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

The purpose of this paper is to present a shape preserving topology optimization method to prevent the adverse effects of the mechanical deformation on the Radar Cross Section(RCS).The optimization will suppress the variation of RCS on the perfect conductor surface by structural *** the one hand,the physical optics method is utilized to calculate the structural RCS,which is based on the surface displacement field obtained from the finite element analysis of the *** corresponding design sensitivities of topology optimization are derived analytically and solved by the adjoint *** the other hand,the RCS variation and mechanical performance are taken into account simultaneously by extending a standard compliance-based topology optimization *** optimization formulations are discussed in an illustrative example,where the influences of upper limits of the compliance and the RCS variation are *** more examples are further tested to show the ability and validity of the proposed optimization method.

关键词： Adjoint method Physical optics method Radar cross section Shape preserving design Topology optimization

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