检索结果-南通市图书馆

Study on the atmospheric heat engine efficiency and heat source characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in summer

引用

Science China Earth sciences 2024年第1期67卷 117-133页

作者： Yujie LI Xiaoqing GAO Yaoming MA Zeyong HU Zhenchao LI Liwei YANG Xiao JIN Xiyin ZHOU key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions of chinese academy of sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Tianjin key laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology Tianjin Institute of Meteorological ScienceTianjin 300074China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

There are many types of atmospheric heat engines in land-air systems.The accurate definition,calculation and interpretation of the efficiency of atmospheric heat engines are key to understanding energy transfer and transformation of landair systems.The atmosphere over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)in summer can be regarded as a positive heat engine.The study of the heat engine efficiency is helpful to better understand land-air interaction and thermal-dynamic processes on the QTP.It also provides a new perspective to explain the impact of the QTP on the climate of China,East Asia and even the world.In this paper,we used MOD08 and ERA5 reanalysis data to calculate the atmospheric heat engine efficiency,surface heat source and atmospheric heat source on the QTP in summer(May to September)from 2000 to 2020.The average atmospheric heat engine efficiency on the QTP in summer from 2000 to 2020 varies between 1.2%and 1.5%,which is less than 1.6%;the heat engine efficiency in summer is higher than that in June,July and August;the Qaidam Basin is the region with the highest atmospheric heat engine efficiency,followed by the western QTP.The mean surface heat source on the QTP in summer from 2000 to 2020 is 96.0 W m^(−2),the atmospheric heat source is 90.7 W m^(−2),and the release of precipitation condensation latent heat is the most important component of the atmospheric heat source on the QTP in summer.There is a strong and significant positive correlation between the atmospheric heat engine efficiency and the surface heat source on the QTP in summer.The precipitation condensation latent heat is the most important component of the atmospheric heat source in summer and can reflect the precipitation process.There is a strong and significant negative correlation between the atmospheric heat engine efficiency and the atmospheric heat source on the QTP in summer.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau climate change land-air system Atmospheric heat engine Heat source on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Impact of Initial Soil Conditions on Soil Hydrothermal and surface Energy Fluxes in the Permafrost Region of the Tibetan Plateau

引用

Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第4期41卷 717-736页

作者： Siqiong LUO Zihang CHEN Jingyuan WANG Tonghua WU Yao XIAO Yongping QIAO key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Accurate initial soil conditions play a crucial role in simulating soil hydrothermal and surface energy fluxes in land surface process modeling.This study emphasized the influence of the initial soil temperature(ST)and soil moisture(SM)conditions on a land surface energy and water simulation in the permafrost region in the Tibetan Plateau(TP)using the Community land Model version 5.0(CLM5.0).The results indicate that the default initial schemes for ST and SM in CLM5.0 were simplistic,and inaccurately represented the soil characteristics of permafrost in the TP which led to underestimating ST during the freezing period while overestimating ST and underestimating SLW during the thawing period at the XDT site.Applying the long-term spin-up method to obtain initial soil conditions has only led to limited improvement in simulating soil hydrothermal and surface energy fluxes.The modified initial soil schemes proposed in this study comprehensively incorporate the characteristics of permafrost,which coexists with soil liquid water(SLW),and soil ice(SI)when the ST is below freezing temperature,effectively enhancing the accuracy of the simulated soil hydrothermal and surface energy fluxes.Consequently,the modified initial soil schemes greatly improved upon the results achieved through the long-term spin-up method.Three modified initial soil schemes experiments resulted in a 64%,88%,and 77%reduction in the average mean bias error(MBE)of ST,and a 13%,21%,and 19%reduction in the average root-mean-square error(RMSE)of SLW compared to the default simulation results.Also,the average MBE of net radiation was reduced by 7%,22%,and 21%.

关键词： initial soil conditions soil temperature soil liquid water soil ice surface energy fluxes permafrost

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Formation and ecological response of sand patches in the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou railway,China

引用

Journal of arid land 2024年第2期16卷 298-313页

作者： DUN Yaoquan QU Jianjun KANG Wenyan LI Minlan LIU Bin WANG Tao SHAO Mei key laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China College of Urban and Environmental sciences Northwest UniversityXi'an 710100China Zhongwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Company Limited Zhongwei 755000China

The development of bare patches typically signifies a process of ecosystem degradation.Within the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou railway,the extensive emergence of bare sand patches poses a threat to both stability and sustainability.However,there is limited knowledge regarding the morphology,dynamic changes,and ecological responses associated with these sand patches.Therefore,we analyzed the formation and development process of sand patches within the protection system and its effects on herbaceous vegetation growth and soil nutrients through field observation,survey,and indoor analysis methods.The results showed that sand patch development can be divided into three stages,i.e.,formation,expansion,and stabilization,which correspond to the initial,actively developing,and semi-fixed sand patches,respectively.The average dimensions of all sand patch erosional areas were found to be 7.72 m in length,3.91 m in width,and 0.32 m in depth.The actively developing sand patches were the largest,and the initial sand patches were the smallest.Throughout the stage of formation and expansion,the herbaceous community composition changed,and the plant density decreased by more than 50.95%.Moreover,the coverage and height of herbaceous plants decreased in the erosional area and slightly increased in the depositional lobe;and the fine particles and nutrients of soils in the erosional area and depositional lobe showed a decreasing trend.In the stabilization phases of sand patches,the area from the inlet to the bottom of sand patches becomes initially covered with crusts.Vegetation and 0-2 cm surface soil condition improved in the erosional area,but this improvement was not yet evident in the depositional lobe.Factors such as disturbance,climate change,and surface resistance to erosion exert notable influences on the formation and dynamics of sand patches.The results can provide evidence for the future treatment of sand patches and the management of the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou

关键词： railway protection system sand patch morphology vegetation characteristic soil property

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

An overview of the policies and models of integrated development for solar and wind power generation in China

引用

寒旱区科学:英文版 2023年第3期15卷 122-131页

作者： LiWei Yang XiaoQing Gao ZhenChao Li key laboratory of land surface Progress and climate change in cold and arid regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Under the goal of “Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutralization”, the integrated development between various industries and renewable energy(photovoltaic, wind power) is of great significance in China. This paper summarizes the relevant policies, integration schemes and typical cases of the integrated development between renewable energy and other industries. First, the development status of wind and solar generation in China is introduced. Second, we summarize the relevant policies issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration and other departments to promote the integrated development in photovoltaic and wind power generation in China. Third, eight kinds of photovoltaic three-dimensional development models are described, including “photovoltaic + agriculture, industry, environmental protection, transportation, architecture, communication, hydrogen and ecology”. Fourth, eight kinds of wind power threedimensional development models are summarized, including “Offshore wind power + marine ranch, marine energy, marine tourism, marine oil and gas, hydrogen, communication, Energy Island” and “Onshore wind power+ courtyard”. In the future, the promotion and application of the above integrated development projects will be accelerated. This overview aims to provide reference for the design in photovoltaic and wind energy systems and help potential investors to make decisions.

关键词： Renewable energy Solar PV Wind power Policies Integrated development

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Spatial and temporal patterns of solar radiation in China from 1957 to 2016

引用

Research in cold and arid regions 2022年第1期14卷 68-78页

作者： PeiDu Li XiaoQing Gao JunXia Jiang LiWei Yang YuJie Li key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Solar energy is clean and renewable energy that plays an important role in mitigating impacts of environmental problems and climate change.Solar radiation received on the earth's surface determines the efficiency of power generation and the location and layout of photovoltaic arrays.In this paper,the average daily solar radiation of 77 stations in China from 1957 to 2016 was analyzed in terms of spatial and temporal characteristics.The results indicate that Xinjiang,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,North,Central and East China show a decreasing trend with an average of 2.54×10^(−3)MJ/(m^(2)⋅10a),while Northwest and Northeast China are basically stabilized,and Southwest China shows a clear increasing trend with an average increase of 1.79×10^(−3)MJ/(m^(2)⋅10a).The average daily solar radiation in summer and winter in China from 1957 to 2016 was 18.74 MJ/m^(2)and 9.09 MJ/m^(2),respectively.Except for spring in Northwest,East and South China,and summer in northeast China,the average daily solar radiation in all other regions show a downward trend.A critical point for the change is 1983 in the average daily solar radiation.Meanwhile,large-scale(25−30 years)oscillation changes are more obvious,while small-scale(5−10 years)changes are stable and have a global scope.The average daily solar radiation shows an increasing-decreasing gradient from west to east,which can be divided into three areas west of 80°E,80°E−100°E and east of 100°E.The average daily solar radiation was 2.07 MJ/m^(2)in the 1980s,and that in 1990s lower than that in the 1960s and the 1970s.The average daily solar radiation has rebounded in the 21st century,but overall it is still lower than the average daily solar radiation from 1957 to 2016(13.87 MJ/m^(2)).

关键词： average daily solar radiation temporal variability spatial distribution characteristics China

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of traffic restriction on atmospheric particle concentrations and their size distributions in urban Lanzhou, Northwestern China

引用

Journal of Environmental sciences 2014年第2期26卷 362-370页

作者： Suping Zhao Ye Yu Na Liu Jianjun He Jinbei Chen key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions Cold & Arid Regions Environmental & Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of sciences

During the 2012 Lanzhou International Marathon, the local government made a significant effort to improve traffic conditions and air quality by implementing traffic restriction measures. To evaluate the direct effect of these measures on urban air quality, especially particle concentrations and their size distributions, atmospheric particle size distributions （0.5-20μm） obtained using an aerodynamic particle sizer （model 3321, TSI, USA） in June 2012 were analyzed. It was found that the particle number, surface area and volume concentrations for size range 0.5-10 μm were （15.0±2.1） cm-3, （11.8±2.6） μm2/cm3 and （1.9±0.6） μm2/cm3, respectively, on the traffic-restricted day （Sunday）, which is 63.2%, 53.0% and 47.2% lower than those on a normal Sunday. For number and surface area concentrations, the most affected size range was 0.5-0.7 and 0.5-0.8 μm, respectively, while for volume concentration, the most affected size ranges were 0.5-0.8, 1.7-2.0 and 5.0-5.4 μm. Number and volume concentrations of particles in size range 0.5-1.0μm correlated well with the number of non-CNG （Compressed Natural Gas） powered vehicles, while their correlation with the number of CNG-powered vehicles was very low, suggesting that reasonable urban traffic controls along with vehicle technology improvements could play an important role in improving urban air quality.

关键词： traffic restriction particle concentration size distribution urban air quality

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Impact of the Shrinkage of Arctic Sea Ice on Eurasian Snow Cover changes in 1979-2021

引用

Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2023年第12期40卷 2183-2194,I0007,I0008页

作者： Qian YANG Shichang KANG Haipeng YU Yaoxian YANG State key laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Recent research has shown that snow cover induces extreme wintertime cooling and has detrimental impacts.Although the dramatic loss of Arctic sea ice certainly has contributed to a more extreme climate,the mechanism connecting sea-ice loss to extensive snow cover is still up for debate.In this study,a significant relationship between sea ice concentration(SIC)in the Barents-Kara(B-K)seas in November and snow cover extent over Eurasia in winter(November-January)has been found based in observational datasets and through numerical experiments.The reduction in B-K sea ice gives rise to a negative phase of Arctic Oscillation(AO),a deepened East Asia trough,and a shallow trough over Europe.These circulation anomalies lead to colder-than-normal Eurasian mid-latitude temperatures,providing favorable conditions for snowfall.In addition,two prominent cyclonic anomalies near Europe and Lake Baikal affect moisture transport and its divergence,which results in increased precipitation due to moisture advection and wind convergence.Furthermore,anomalous E-P flux shows that amplified upward propagating waves associated with the low SIC could contribute to the weakening of the polar vortex and southward breakouts of cold air.This work may be helpful for further understanding and predicting the snowfall conditions in the middle latitudes.

关键词： Arctic Barents-Kara seas sea ice snow cover Eurasia

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Multi-site observation of large-scale eddies in the surface layer of the Loess Plateau

引用

Science China Earth sciences 2023年第4期66卷 871-881页

作者： Jinbei CHEN Xiaowen CHEN Wei JIA Ye YU Suping ZHAO key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China key laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Mechanical Engineering Department Pennsylvania State UniversityState College 16802USA

This article aims to build a theory of atmospheric boundary layer turbulence under complex conditions. To achieve this goal, we constructed a multi-site observation and analysis method of atmospheric turbulence based on related principles.This method first requires verification for the ergodicity of the full-scale observation of surface-layer turbulence, which proves that eddies within a scale of 60 min during a four-site observation can easily meet ergodicity. Meanwhile, by applying the second-order structure function for the horizontal wind speed turbulence of a single site and upstream and downstream points, we verified the ergodicity of the turbulence observation. Comparing the turbulence spectrum to the second-order structure function for the horizontal wind speed from the four-site observation, a relatively high accordance was observed, proving the reasonability of the multi-site observation. Moreover, compared to the single-site observation, the four-site observation can improve the estimation accuracy of the surface-layer turbulence spectrum and vertical turbulent flux. As a result, we can describe the threedimensional structure of turbulence more accurately and comprehensively by combining analytical data from single-site and four-site observations. In summary, the multi-site turbulence observation method shows that the horizontal and vertical wind turbulence of the Baimiao plateau has a typical structure of a turbulence spectrum with clear spectral gaps. The result is in accordance with the scale of the turbulence spectral gaps obtained from the 6 h data. The horizontal wind speed is under the influence of the terrain, so its spectrum of large-scale eddies has higher fluctuations, but its spectral gaps can still be clearly distinguished. Although the spectral gaps of the temperature spectrum are not distinguishable, they still have the same scale as the spectral gap of the vertical and horizontal turbulence spectrum. Moreover, the temperature spectrum possesses typical structure characteristics of the b

关键词： Larger-scale eddy Complex condition Ergodicity of turbulence observation Structure function Turbulence spectrum

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Experimental study on location accuracy of a 3D VHF lightning-radiation-source locating network

引用

Science China Earth sciences 2015年第11期58卷 2034-2048页

作者： ZHANG GuangShu LI YaJun WANG YanHui ZHANG Tong WU Bin LIU YanXiu key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper reports the investigation of the location accuracy of a three-dimensional(3D) lightning-radiation-source locating system using sounding balloon measurements. By comparing the information from the balloon-borne VHF transmitter flight path and locations using simple geometric models, the location uncertainties of sources both over and outside the network were estimated. For radiation sources inside the network and below an altitude of 7 km, the horizontal uncertainty was 12–48 m and the total mean value was 21 m(rms), and the vertical uncertainty was 20–78 m and the total mean value was 49 m(rms). Outside the network, the location uncertainties increased with distance. The geometric model showed that range and altitude errors increased as a function of the range squared whereas the range errors increased parabolically with distance, and that was confirmed by the covariance calculation results. The standard deviation was used inside the network and covariance was used outside the network. The results indicated that location errors from a simple geometric model exhibited good agreement with standard experimental data. The geometry of the network, set of measurements, and calculation method were verified as suitable. The chi-square values of the least squares goodness of fit algorithm were verified and the timing error(?trms) of the fitting formula was estimated. The distribution of the chi-square values was less than 5, corresponding to a timing error of 50–66 ns(rms).

关键词：辐射源定位外部网络定位精度三维实验闪电 VHF 位置精度

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of short-term regional traffic restriction on urban submicron particulate pollution

引用

Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第5期29卷 86-99页

作者： Suping Zhao Ye Yu key laboratory of land surface process and climate change in cold and arid regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

During the 2013 and 2015 Lanzhou International Marathon Events （LIME1 and LIME2）, the local government made a significant effort to improve traffic conditions and air quality by implementing traffic restriction measures. To fill the gap in information on the effect of short-period {several hours） traffic control on urban air quality, submicron particle size distributions and meteorological data were measured simultaneously during June 2013 and June 2015 in urban Lanzhou. The number and surface area concentrations of particles in the 100-200 nm range declined by 67.2% and 6B.0% for LIME1 due to traffic control, while they decreased by 39.2% and 37.1% for LIME2. The impact of traffic restriction on air pollution near the sampling site lagged behind the traffic control period for LIME2. In addition, the effect of traffic restriction on air pollution near the sampling site was dependent on the distance between the relative orientation of the sampling site and traffic-restricted zones, as well as meteorological conditions such as wind direction. The influence of traffic restrictions on the particle concentrations differed for different particle sizes. The size range most affected by traffic restriction was 60-200 and 60-300 nm for number and surface area concentrations in the urban environment, respectively, while for the particle volume concentration it was the 100-600 nm range. This study will provide a basis for implementation of future urban traffic-induced particulate pollution control measures.

关键词： Traffic restriction Air quality Valley Marathon

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：