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Straw interlayer improves sunflower root growth: Evidence from moisture and salt migration and the microbial community in saline-alkali soil

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期23卷 3870-3881页

作者： Mengmeng Chen Guoli Wang Yupeng Jing Jie Zhou Jiashen Song Fangdi Chang Ru Yu Jing Wang Weini Wang Xia Sun Hongyuan Zhang Yuyi Li State key laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid arable land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Ordos Agriculture and Animal Husbandry ecology and Resource protection Center

A straw interlayer added to soil can effectively reduce soil salinity effects on plant growth, however, the effects of soil moisture, salt and microbial community composition on plant growth under a straw interlayer are unclear. A rhizobox study was conducted to investigate the role of straw interlayer thickness on soil moisture, salt migration, microbial community composition, as well as root growth in sunflower. The study included four treatments: Control(no straw interlayer); S3(straw interlayer of 3.0 cm); S5(straw interlayer of 5.0 cm); S7(straw interlayer of 7.0 cm). Straw interlayer treatments increased soil moisture by 8.2–11.0% after irrigation and decreased soil salt content after the bud stage in 0–40 cm soil. Total root length, total root surface area, average root diameter, total root volume and the number of root tips of sunflower plants were higher under straw interlayer treatments than in the control, and were the highest under the S5 treatment. This stimulated root growth was ascribed to the higher abundance of Chloroflexi and Verrucomicrobia bacteria in soil with a straw interlayer, which was increased by 55.7 and 54.7%, respectively,in the S5 treatment. Addition of a straw interlayer of 5 cm thickness is a practical and environmentally feasible approach for improving sunflower root growth in saline-alkali soil.

关键词： saline-alkali soil rhizobox soil water soil salt content bacterial community

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互利作用促进了高山树线幼苗的存活

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Journal of Plant ecology 2024年第3期17卷 115-127页

作者： Wensheng Chen Jiangrong Li Jesús Julio Camarero Huihui Ding Fangwei Fu Yueyao Li Xiangyu Zheng Xiaoxia Li Wei Shen Shalik Ram Sigdel Steven W.Leavitt Eryuan Liang Institute of Tibet Plateau ecology Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchi 860000China key laboratory of Forest ecology in Tibet Plateau(Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry University) Ministry of EducationNyingchi 860000China National Forest ecosystem Observation&Research Station of Nyingchi Tibet Nyingchi 860000China key laboratory of Alpine Vegetation ecological Security in Tibet Nyingchi 860000China Zhejiang Zhoushan Archipelago Observation and Research Station Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Stationand Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-RestorationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China State key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto Pirenaico de ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza 50059Spain Anhui Province key Lab of Farmland ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restorationMinistry of Natural ResourcesCollege of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究... 详细信息

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究假设种间和种内促进作用决定了高山树线树苗的定居和存活。为了验证这一假设,我们在青藏高原东南部的色季拉山高山树线交错区(海拔4300–4500 m)的3个生长生境(林冠内、林冠外和草地)中共计移植了630株不同年龄(4–6年、7–9年和10–15年)的急尖长苞冷杉(Abies georgei ***)幼苗,连续3年监测了移植后幼苗的微气候、高度生长、死亡率和叶片功能性状。结果发现,叶片功能性状的变化是由微气候驱动的。移植后,叶片可溶性糖和淀粉浓度以及C:P比增加,而叶面积减小。幼苗的资源利用逐渐转向更保守的策略,其背后机制主要受到了生理性状(非结构性碳水化合物和植物养分)的介导。同时,由结构方程模型发现太阳辐射、温度和水分条件在植物相互作用下,通过介导叶片形态性状的变化最终影响了幼苗的死亡率和年生长。上述研究结果表明,植物间的互利作用通过改变太阳辐射和叶片功能性状,最终在决定幼苗生长和存活上起到至关重要的作用,同时也为理解全球气候变化背景下高山树线动态变化的驱动机制提供了新的见解。

关键词：青藏高原移栽实验叶片功能性状太阳辐射

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极端干旱与食草昆虫对草原群落的交互作用受干旱模式的影响

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Journal of Plant ecology 2024年第3期17卷 128-140页

作者： Ye Luo Yuguang Ke Hongqiang Wang Chong Xu Qian Gu Qiang Yu Melinda D.Smith Rajabboy Madrimov Nuriddin Samatov Wei Yang Honghui Wu State key laboratory of Effcient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid arable land in Northern China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China key laboratory of arable land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in ecology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Research Institute of Environment and Nature Conservation Technologies of the Ministry of ecology Environmental Protectionand Climate Change of the Republic of UzbekistanTashkent 100043Uzbekistan Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences Tashkent 100128Uzbekistan Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

极端干旱和食草昆虫可以共同影响植物群落,并且它们的交互作用可能受到干旱模式的影响。然而,目前尚缺乏相关的观测证据。本研究以半干旱草原为研究对象,通过控制实验探讨了不同极端干旱模式与食草昆虫的交互作用对植物群落的影响。实... 详细信息

极端干旱和食草昆虫可以共同影响植物群落,并且它们的交互作用可能受到干旱模式的影响。然而,目前尚缺乏相关的观测证据。本研究以半干旱草原为研究对象,通过控制实验探讨了不同极端干旱模式与食草昆虫的交互作用对植物群落的影响。实验设置了3种干旱处理,分别为对照(自然降雨量)、慢性干旱(生长季5–8月减少66%降雨量)和急性干旱(6–7月完全无降雨)。在各小区设置了两种食草昆虫处理,分别是有食草昆虫和无食草昆虫。结果表明,食草昆虫和极端干旱及二者的交互作用对物种丰富度无显著影响。食草昆虫缓解了慢性干旱对总盖度的负面影响,而这种缓解作用在急性干旱下较低。食草昆虫对慢性干旱带来的负面效应具有更强的缓解作用,这主要是因为食草昆虫导致慢性干旱下适口性较高的杂类草(具有较低叶片碳含量、叶片干物质含量,以及较低叶片淀粉、钙、镁、锰含量)的大幅降低,进而降低了禾草的负面效应。上述结果表明,干旱和食草昆虫的交互作用受干旱模式的影响。通过调节植物的适口性来控制食草昆虫的采食行为,可以减轻极端干旱对草原生态系统的影响。

关键词：急性干旱慢性干旱半干旱草原食草昆虫极端气候

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Spatiotemporal Evolution of ecosystem Service Value in Caohai National Nature Reserve

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2024年第2期15卷 14-21页

作者： Denghong HUANG Zhenzhen ZHANG Jintong REN Guizhou University of Engineering Science/Guizhou Province key laboratory of ecological protection and restoration of Typical Plateau Wetlands Bijie 551799China School of Karst Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Wetland ecosystems are important regulators of global climate *** the spatiotemporal changes and driving mechanisms of their ecosystem service values(ESV)is beneficial for the sustainable development of *** paper uses the equivalent factor method,based on land use changes,to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of the ecosystem service value in the Caohai National Nature Reserve(CNNR).The results show the following:①from 2000 to 2020,there was a significant decrease in the core zone s arable land area,with an increase in forest and water *** land mainly increased in the experimental area,and the grassland area showed a fluctuating change of first increasing and then decreasing;②in 2000,2010,and 2020,the ecosystem service value of the study area was 302 million,296 million,and 325 million yuan,respectively,showing a trend of fluctuating growth,with the value of wetland ecosystems playing a dominant role;③regulatory services are the main contributors to the ecosystem service value in the study area,with a contribution rate of 60%.Hydrological regulation is the ecosystem function with the highest value in wetland ecosystem services,contributing more than 35%to the ESV in all three periods;④in terms of spatial distribution,the core zone s ecosystem service value is *** at the total ecosystem service value of the region,the core zone>the experimental area>the buffer *** terms of ESV per unit area,the core zone(89000 yuan/hm^(2))is significantly higher than the buffer zone(39100 yuan/hm^(2))and the experimental area(15800 yuan/hm^(2)).The study can provide a basis for research and spatial management of ecosystem services in wetland ecosystems and nature reserves.

关键词： ecosystem service value(ESV) Equivalent factor method land use change Wetland ecosystem CNNR

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Fabrication of recyclable Fe^(3+) chelated aminated polypropylene fiber for efficient clean-up of phosphate wastewater

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第7期17卷 840-852页

作者： Shangyuan Zhao Fangjia Wang Rui Zhou Peisen Liu Qizhong Xiong Weifeng Zhang Chaochun Zhang Gang Xu Xinxin Ye Hongjian Gao Anhui Province key laboratory of Farmland ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer of Anhui ProvinceCollege of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China key laboratory of jianghuai arable land resources protection and eco-restoration Ministry of Natural ResourcesCollege of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Herein,a Fe^(3+)-loaded aminated polypropylene fiber has been reported as an efficient phosphate *** remarkable phosphate removal ability of the fiber is due to Fe^(3+)immobilization,and it demonstrates a maximum adsorption capacity of 33.94 mg·P·g^(–1).Adsorption experiments showed that the fiber is applicable over a wide pH range from 2 to ***,the adsorption kinetics and isotherm data were consistent with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir adsorption models,*** adsorption equilibrium of the fiber for phosphate was reached within 60 min,indicating an efficient monolayer chemisorption ***,the adsorbent maintained prominent phosphate removal in the presence of competitive ions such as NO_(3)^(–)and Cl^(–),exhibiting high *** importantly,the fiber demonstrated excellent reusability(5 times)and low adsorption limit below 0.02 mg·P·g^(–1).In addition,the phosphate removal efficiency of the fiber can exceed 99%under continuous flow *** adsorption mechanism was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,showing that the adsorption of phosphate on the fiber mainly depended on the chemical adsorption of the modified Fe^(3+).Overall,this study proves that the fiber possesses many advantages for phosphate removal,including high adsorption efficiency,lower treatment limit,good recyclability,and environmental friendliness.

关键词： phosphate adsorption aminated polypropylene fiber Fe^(3+) ligand exchange reusability

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Changes of soil quality induced by different vegetation restoration in the collapsing gully erosion areas of southern China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 195-206页

作者： Hui Wen Shimin Ni Junguang Wang Chongfa Cai key laboratory of arable land Conservation(Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Resources and EnvironmentHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China

Understanding the influence of collapsing gully management restoration on soil quality and function is essential to the protection of the regional ecological environment in the collapsing gully erosion *** primary objective of this study was to construct soil quality index(SQI)to assess the influence of different vegetation restoration types on soil quality in collapsing gully *** influence of five vegetation restoration types on soil properties was investigated by using a path analysis,a comprehensive soil quality index(SQI),and a general linear model(GLM).Vegetation restoration was shown to significantly increase the saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks),mainly due to the effect of the physical parameters of bulk density,soil cohesion,and soil water ***,pH,Ks,soil organic matter(OM),and sand content were revealed as reasonable indicators to evaluate the influence of vegetation restoration on soil ***,vegetation restoration was found to significantly improve the soil quality,with the highest SQI value for natural restoration mixed forest(NF),followed by replanted arboreal forest(RA)and replanted scrubland(RS),which were all significantly higher than the SQI value of the erosion area(EA)in the collapsing ***,vegetation type explained the most substantial proportion of total variability(46.41%),and restoration time showed a positive correlation with *** results of this study can provide a reference for the restoration and protection of the regional ecological environment in the collapsing gully area.

关键词： Vegetation restoration Collapsing gully Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity Soil quality index

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Combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers stabilizes soil N-cycling microflora

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Soil ecology Letters 2023年第3期5卷 5-11页

作者： Ruibo Sun Daozhong Wang Zhibin Guo Keke Hua Xisheng Guo Yan Chen Binbin Liu Haiyan Chu State key laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences71 East Beijing RoadNanjing 210008China Anhui Province key laboratory of Farmland ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protectionand Eco-RestorationCollege of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural University130 ChangjiangxiluHefei 230036China Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences40 South Nongke RoadHefei 230031China key laboratory of Agricultural Water resources Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil EcologyCenter for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences286 Huaizhong RoadShijiazhuang 050021China

Straw and manure are widely applied to agricultural systems,and greatly shape soil N-cycling ***,we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how these organic materials structure soil N-cycling microbial *** this study,metagenomic analysis was performed to investigate the compositional variation in N-cycling microbial communities in a 30-year long-term experiment under five fertilization regimes:no fertilization(Control),chemical fertilization only(NPK),and NPK with wheat straw(NPK+HS),pig manure(NPK+PM),and cow manure(NPK+CM).Long-term NPK application differentially changed N-cycling gene abundance and greatly altered N-cycling microbial community ***+HS resulted in a similar pattern to NPK in terms of gene abundance and community ***,NPK+PM and NPK+CM significantly increased most genes and resulted in a community similar to that of the *** analysis revealed that serious soil acidification caused by long-term NPK fertilization was a major factor for the variation in N-cycling microbial *** addition of alkaline manure,rather than wheat straw,stabilized the N-cycling microbial community structure presumably by alleviating soil *** results revealed the strong impact of soil acidification on microbial N-cycling communities and illustrated the possibility of resolving nitrogen-related environmental problems by manipulating pH in acidified agricultural soils.

关键词： microbial nitrogen cycle metagenomics long-term fertilization soil acidification manure

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黄土生态护坡优化措施研究及水土流失治理效果预测

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第6期34卷 1083-1108页

作者：张晓超李明俐姚忠劭覃亮蒙明辉 State key laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Sichuan Geological Environment Survey and Research Center Chengdu 610084China Sichuan Huadi Building Engineering Co. Ltd.Chengdu 610084China Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Geohazard Prevention Chengdu 610084China

The large-scale management of ditches and implementation of land projects in loess areas have increased the arable land area but have caused considerable engineering issues, resulting in severe soil erosion. In this study, field tests were performed at different time scales, a control group was established, organic material–plant joint restoration technology was proposed as an optimized management measure, and the erosion control mechanism and restoration mode of organic material–plant joint restoration technology were analyzed. Based on the obtained experimental data, a Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)-based hydraulic erosion model was constructed, sensitivity parameters were calibrated, and the soil erosion intensity and corresponding spatial distribution in the watershed of the study area were simulated via the geo-spatial interface for WEPP(GeoWEPP) after organic material–plant joint restoration technology was adopted to predict the effect of optimized management measures. The results showed that among the slopes with different restoration measures, organic material–plant joint restoration technology effectively controlled loess slope erosion, and the average erosion modulus of the organic material–grass and shrub transplantation slope reached only 23.37 t/km^(2), which is a decrease of 97.68% relative to the traditional grass–shrub protection slope. Moreover, the sand content of the joint restoration slope was reduced by 392.41 g/L relative to the bare slope, reaching only 0.29 g/L, and the runoff yield was reduced by 8.88 L/min. The GeoWEPP modeling results revealed that the total runoff yield and average annual erosion modulus of the watershed were lower after joint restoration than during the prerestoration period. Similarly, the total runoff yield of the watershed was 4.6%, the simulated 10-year average annual total sand production reached 2048.3 t,and the average annual erosion modulus was 582.75 t/km^(2), which is 52.15% lower than that under untrea

关键词： loess excavation slope slope surface erosion prevention and control measures GeoWEPP model erosion prediction

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Optimizing agronomic practices for closing rapeseed yield gaps under intensive cropping systems in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第5期19卷 1241-1249页

作者： ZHANG Zhi CONG Ri-huan REN Tao LI Hui ZHU Yun LU Jian-wei College of resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation(Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430070P.R.China key laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil FertilizerHubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064P.R.China

A yield gap analysis for rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is critical to meeting the oil demand by identifying yield potential and yield constraints. In this study, potential yield(Y_p), attainable yield(Y_(att)), and actual yield(Y_(act)) for winter rapeseed were determined in five different zones of China. A boundary line approach was adopted to calculate Y_p, based on a large-scale field experimental database. A meta-analysis was conducted on the data obtained from 118 published studies to evaluate the effects of agronomic factors on rapeseed yield. The main results indicated that farmers only achieved 37–56% of the yield potential across the zones. The low altitude areas(L-URY) and lower reaches(LRY) of the Yangtze River Basin(YRB), China had high yield levels. The total yield gap was 1 893 kg ha^(–1), due to the agronomic management factors, environmental factors, and socioeconomic factors. The meta-analysis showed that weed control and drainage were the best management practices to improve yields(45.6 and 35.3%, respectively), and other practices improved yields by 17.1–21.6%. Consequently, to narrow the yield gap over the short term, the study could focus on techniques that are easily implemented to farmers.

关键词： rapeseed yield gap potential yield boundary line meta-analysis Yangtze River Basin

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Automatic segmentation algorithm for high-spatial-resolution remote sensing images based on self-learning super-pixel convolutional network

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1101-1124页

作者： Zenan Yang Haipeng Niu Liang Huang Xiaoxuan Wang Liangxin Fan Dongyang Xiao School of Surveying and land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuoHenanPeople’s Republic of China Research Centre of arable land protection and Urban-rural High-quality Development of of Yellow River Basin HenanPeople’s Republic of China Faculty of land resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingPeople’s Republic of China Surveying and Mapping Geo-Informatics Technology Research Center on Plateau Mountains of Yunnan Higher Education KunmingPeople’s Republic of China key laboratory of Spatio-temporal Information and ecological restoration of Mines of Natural resources of the People's Republic of China Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuoPeople’s Republic of China

Super-pixel algorithms based on convolutional neural networks with fuzzy C-means clustering are widely used for high-spatial-resolution remote sensing images ***,this model requires the number of clusters to be set manually,resulting in a low automation degree due to the complexity of the iterative clustering *** address this problem,a segmentation method based on a self-learning super-pixel network(SLSP-Net)and modified automatic fuzzy clustering(MAFC)is ***-Net performs feature extraction,non-iterative clustering,and gradient reconstruction.A lightweight feature embedder is adopted for feature extraction,thus expanding the receiving range and generating multi-scale *** matching is used for non-iterative clustering,and the overfitting of the network model is overcome by adaptively adjusting the gradient weight parameters,providing a better irregular super-pixel neighborhood *** optimized density peak algorithm is adopted for *** on the obtained super-pixel image,this maximizes the robust decision-making interval,which enhances the automation of regional ***,prior entropy fuzzy C-means clustering is applied to optimize the robust decision-making and obtain the final segmentation *** results show that the proposed model offers reduced experimental complexity and achieves good performance,realizing not only automatic image segmentation,but also good segmentation results.

关键词： Deep convolution neural network model super-pixel algorithm automatic fuzzy clustering prior entropy fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm remote sensing images

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