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Comprehensive silk gland multi-omics comparison illuminates two alternative mechanisms in silkworm heterosis

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Zoological Research 2022年第4期43卷 585-596页

作者： Han Xu Lei Chen Xiao-Ling Tong Hai Hu Li-Yuan Liu Gui-Chun Liu Ya-Nan Zhu Ruo-Ping Zhao Wen Wang Fang-Yin Dai Xin Li Hui Xiang School of Medicine Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518107China Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application ResearchInstitute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510631China School of Ecology and environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072China State key laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic BreedingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of BiotechnologySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China State key laboratory of Genetic Resources and evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

Heterosis is a common phenomenon in plants and animals with diverse underlying ***,we applied two widely used silkworm hybrid systems and performed multi-omics analysis to identify possible intrinsic associations between different hybrid strategies and epigenetic mechanisms with silkworm *** found significant differences in the silk gland transcriptomic landscape between the two systems,including differentially expressed genes and expression patterns in the hybrid offspring compared to their *** the quaternary hybrid system,hybrid vigor was primarily due to upregulated genes and the parent-dominant upregulated expression pattern,involving multiple transport processes,cellular nitrogen compound catabolism,glucose metabolism,and tricarboxylic acid *** the binary system,hybrid vigor was mainly due to the down-regulated genes and transgressively down-regulated expression pattern,mainly involving basic nitrogen synthesis metabolism and body *** also demonstrated that DNA methylation may affect hybrid vigor by regulating the expression of several heterosis-related ***,this study revealed two alternative mechanisms that may contribute to silkworm heterosis,both of which facilitate the efficient utilization of energy and nitrogen for silk production.

关键词： Heterosis Silkworm Hybrid systems Multi-omics Silk production

Influence of different weather events on concentrations of particulate matter with different sizes in Lanzhou,China

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Journal of environmental sciences 2012年第4期24卷 665-674页

作者： Xinyuan Feng Shigong Wang college of Atmospheric sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyPlateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610225China college of Atmospheric sciences Lanzhou UniversityKey Laboratory of the Education Ministry of Semi-Arid Climate ChangeLanzhou 730000China

The formation and development of weather events has a great impact on the diffusion, accumulation and transport of air pollutants, and causes great changes in the particulate pollution level. It is very important to study their influence on particulate pollution. Lanzhou is one of the most particulate-polluted cities in China and even in the world. Particulate matter （PM） including TSP, PM〉10, PMzs-10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentrations were simultaneously measured during 2005-2007 in Lanzhou to evaluate the influence of three kinds of weather events - dost, precipitation and cold front - on the concentrations of PM with different sizes and detect the temporal evolution. The main results are as follows：（1） the PM pollution in Lanzhou during dust events was very heavy and the rate of increase in the concentration of PM2.5-10 was the highest of the five kinds of particles. During dust-storm events, the highest peaks of the concentrations of fine particles （PM2.5 and PM1.0） occurred 3 hr later than those of coarse particles （PM〉10 and PM/.5-10）. （2） The major effect of precipitation events on PM is wet scavenging. The scavenging rates of particles were closely associated with the kinds of precipitation events. The scavenging rates of TSP, PM〉10 and PMa.5-10 by convective precipitation were several times as high as those caused by frontal precipitation for the same precipitation amount, the reason being the different formation mechanism and precipitation characteristics of the two kinds of precipitation. Moreover, there exists a limiting value for the scavenging rates of particles by precipitation. （3） The major effect of cold-front events on particles is clearance. However, during cold-front passages, the PM concentrations could sometimes rise first and decrease afterwards, which is the critical difference in the influence of cold fronts on the concentrations of particulate pollutants vs. gaseous pollutants.

关键词： particulate matter with different sizes dust event precipitation event cold-front event

Coevolution between Himalayan cuckoos and 2 sympatric Pycnonotidae hosts

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Current Zoology 2021年第6期67卷 639-644页

作者： Canchao YANG Qihong LI Tongping SU Anders Pape MøLLER Wei LIANG Ministry of Education key laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou571158China key laboratory of Beibu Gulf environment change and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Nanning Normal UniversityNanning530001China Ecologie Systématique evolution UniversitéParis-SudCNRSAgroParisTechUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay CedexF-91405France Ministry of Education key laboratory for Biodiversity science and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Selection due to cuckoo parasitism is responsible for the evolution of anti-parasitism defenses in *** host species breeding sympatrically with a single parasitic cuckoo may evolve different strategies to reduce the risk of counter cuckoo parasitism,resulting in different interactions between cuckoos and hosts in areas of ***,we studied the coevolutionary interactions between Himalayan cuckoos Cuculus saturatus and 2 sympatric and closely related potential hosts belonging to the family Pycnonotidae,the brown-breasted bulbul Pycnonotus xanthorrhous and the collared finchbill Spizixos *** investigated parasitism rates and nest-site selection(nest height,nest cover,human disturbance,perch height,forest distance,and degree of concealment)related to parasitism risk,nest defense against a cuckoo dummy,and egg rejection against cuckoo model *** used specific nest sites that were further away from forests than those of finchbills,and they behaved more aggressively toward cuckoos than *** contrast,bulbuls possessed moderate egg rejection ability,whereas the finchbill rejected 100%of cuckoo model *** suggest that selection of a nest site away from forests by the bulbul explains the absence of parasitism by Himalayan *** suggest that these interspecific differences in nest-site selection and nest defense indicate alternative responses to selection due to cuckoos.

关键词： Cuculus saturatus distance to forest parasitism risk Pycnonotus xanthorrhous Spizixos semitorques

Herbivore-induced rice resistance against rice blast mediated by salicylic acid

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insect science 2020年第1期27卷 49-57页

作者： Kai-Li Zhang Qing-Song Liu Hou-Xiang Kang Xiao-Mei Liu Xiu-Ping Chen Yu-Fa Peng Yun-He Li college of environment and Plant Protection Hainan UniversityHaikouChina State key laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina college of life sciences Xinyang Normal UniversityXinyangHenanChina

In agro-ecosystems,plants are important mediators of interactions between their associated herbivorous insects and microbes,and any change in plants induced by one species may lead to cascading effects on interactions with other ***,such effects are regulated by phytohormones such as jasmonic acid(JA)and salicylic acid(SA).Here,we investigated the tripartite interactions among rice plants,three insect herbivores(Chilo suppressalis,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis or Nilapai-vata lugens),and the causal agent of rice blast disease,the fungus Magnaporthe *** found that pre-infestation of rice by *** or *** but not by *** conferred resistance to *** *** and ***,insect infestation without fungal inoculation induced the accumulation of both JA and SA in rice *** contrast,infestation by *** increased JA levels but reduced SA *** exogenous application of SA but not of JA conferred resistance against *** results suggest that preinfestation by C suppressalis or *** conferred resistance against *** by increasing SA *** findings enhance our understanding of the interactions among rice plant,insects and pathogens,and provide valuable information for developing an ecologically sound strategy for controlling rice blast.

关键词： induced defense jasmonic acid plant-insect-pathogen interaction rice salicylic acid

Clay mineralogy of an Eocene fluvial-lacustrine sequence in Xining Basin, Northwest China, and its paleoclimatic implications

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science China Earth sciences 2019年第3期62卷 571-584页

作者： Bin HU Chunxia ZHANG Haibin WU Qingzhen HAO Zhengtang GUO key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institution of Earth science Chinese Academy of Science college of Earth science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology CAS Center for Excellence in life and Paleoenvironment University of Chinese Academy of sciences

The Eocene was marked by significant cooling during which the global climate was transformed from greenhouse to icehouse conditions. Notable coeval events were the India-Asia collision and the retreat of the Paratethys Sea in Asia. The Eocene section of the long and continuous sedimentary succession of the Xining Basin in Northwest China is characterized by red mudstones with intercalated gypsum and muddy-gypsiferous layers. In this study, we conducted a semi-quantitative analysis of the mineralogy of bulk samples and the clay fraction using X-ray diffraction, with the aim of characterizing the Eocene climatic evolution of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and inland Asia. We used a new pretreatment method to address the problem of extracting sufficient clay particles from the gypsum and gypsiferous layers. The bulk mineralogy is dominated by quartz, feldspar, calcite, gypsum and dolomite; and the clay mineralogy is dominated by illite, chlorite, and smectite(including irregular mixed-layer illite-smectite(I/S)). The variations of the clay mineral assemblages indicate the occurrence of alternations between warm humid conditions and hot dry conditions, with relatively high humidity during ～52–50,～41.5–39 and ～35–34 Ma. Comparison of the results with the timing of Tibetan Plateau uplift, transgressions and regressions of the Paratethys Sea, and the marine oxygen isotope record suggest that the Eocene climatic evolution of the study region was driven fundamentally by global climate change.

关键词： Eocene Xining Basin Clay minerals Paleoclimate

Ecological function transitions of land use in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone from the perspective of production-living-ecological space

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2024年第11期34卷 2212-2238页

作者： ZHOU Guipeng LONG Hualou JIANG Yanfeng TU Shuangshuang key laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCAS college of Resources and environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Public Policy and Management Guangxi University key laboratory of environment change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf Nanning Normal University

The ecological function of land use is the basis for developing an ecological civilization and realizing sustainable *** paper may help guide the coordination of economic development and ecological development in China’s coastal border *** on theoretical analysis,this paper studies the spatiotemporal evolution of the functional spaces and the ecological function transitions of land use in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone(BGEZ)by analyzing patterns,processes,and factors by applying eco-environmental quality index,grid subdivision,kriging interpolation,barycenter model,and *** paper constructs a theoretical framework of ecological function transitions of land use based on the research idea of“system-pattern-process-factor”,and carries out empirical *** conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1)The ecological space in the BGEZ has continuously decreased,converting mainly into agricultural production space and industrial-mining production *** production space has expanded *** area of living space in the BGEZ has increased rapidly.(2)The ecological function of land use in the BGEZ has continued to weaken,especially in the southern part of the ***“high-sub-high”quality zones of ecological function are retreating to the north.(3)There were more deterioration transition areas than optimization transition areas of ecological function in the *** former were mostly located in the central and southern urbanized areas of the BGEZ,whereas the latter were mostly located in the edge zones of district and county units.(4)As for the driving factors of the deterioration transitions of land use ecological function in the BGEZ,the significant trend of“de-ecologization”of the land cover/land use structure was the dominant driving factor;the interactions among the“natural-socioeconomic-managerial”systems were the main recessive *** natural system played a fundamental role,and the driving force of natural factors was the st

关键词： land use transitions ecological function eco-environmental quality production-living-ecological spaces dominant and recessive factors Beibu Gulf

Trend of Santonian (Late Cretaceous) atmospheric CO_2 and global mean land surface temperature: Evidence from plant fossils

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science China Earth sciences 2011年第9期54卷 1338-1345页

作者： WAN ChuanBiao WANG DeHai ZHU ZhanPing QUAN Cheng Exploration and Development Research Institute Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd. Daqing 163712 China college ofGeoseiences Jilin University Changchun 130061 China key laboratory for evolution of Past life and environment in Northeast China MOE Jilin University Changchun 130026 China

Quantitative reconstructions of atmospheric CO2 by using terrestrial and marine records are critical for understanding the so-called ＂greenhouse＂ conditions in the Cretaceous, but data from terrestrial plants for several stages of this period remain quite limited. Using the stomatal index （SI） technique, here we estimate the Santonian （Late Cretaceous） CO2 contents based on a sequence of fossil cuticles of Ginkgo adiantoides （Ung.） Heer from three beds of the Yong＇ancun Formation in Jiayin, Heilongjiang Province, northeastern China. By the regress function, Sis of Ginkgo fossils reveal a pronounced CO2 reduction from the early to late Santonian （-661 and -565 ppm, respectively）. The relatively high CO2 levels provide additional evidence for paleoclimatic warmth in this interval. Moreover, available paleobotanical data illustrate a decline trend of CO2 contents throughout the Late Cretaceous, punctuated by several fluctuations in particular episodes with different magnitudes. The CO2 contents shifted notably in the late Cenomanian, Turonian, early Santonian, late Campanian, and probably latest Maastrichtian. Furthermore, a comprehensive study based on CO2 data shows that the global mean land surface temperature （GMLST） fluctuated several times accordingly. The change ratios of GMLST （AT） increased from -3℃ in late Cenomanian to -4.7℃ in mid Turonian, and then dramatically reduced to -2.2℃ in mid Coniacian. From the Santonian onward, it appears that the temperature gradually decreased with a few minor fluctuations.

关键词： Santonian Late Cretaceous global mean land surface temperature stomatal index Yong'ancun Formation Jiayin

Regional Features and Seasonality of Land–Atmosphere Coupling over Eastern China

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2018年第6期35卷 689-701页

作者： Chujie GAO Haishan CHEN Shanlei SUN Bei XU Victor ONGOMA Siguang ZHU Hedi MA Xing LI key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education (KLME)/International Joint Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology college of Atmospheric science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Department of Meteorology South Eastern Kenya University

Land-atmosphere coupling is a key process of the climate system, and various coupling mechanisms have been proposed before based on observational and numerical analyses. The impact of soil moisture（SM） on evapotranspiration（ET） and further surface temperature（ST） is an important aspect of such coupling. Using ERA-Interim data and CLM4.0 offline simulation results, this study further explores the relationships between SM/ST and ET to better understand the complex nature of the land-atmosphere coupling（i.e., spatial and seasonal variations） in eastern China, a typical monsoon area. It is found that two diagnostics of land-atmosphere coupling（i.e., SM-ET correlation and ST-ET correlation） are highly dependent on the climatology of SM and ST. By combining the SM-ET and ST-ET relationships, two ＂hot spots＂ of land-atmosphere coupling over eastern China are identified： Southwest China and North China. In Southwest China, ST is relatively high throughout the year, but SM is lowest in spring, resulting in a strong coupling in spring. However, in North China, SM is relatively low throughout the year, but ST is highest in summer, which leads to the strongest coupling in summer. Our results emphasize the dependence of land-atmosphere coupling on the seasonal evolution of climatic conditions and have implications for future studies related to land surface feedbacks.

关键词： soil moisture surface temperature land-atmosphere interaction evapotranspiration coupling

Miocene Bahean stratigraphy in the Longzhong Basin, northern central China and its implications in environmental change

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science China Earth sciences 2006年第12期49卷 1270-1279页

作者： LI Jijun1,2, ZHANG Jun1, SONG Chunhui1, ZHAO Zhijun2, ZHANG Yong1, WANG Xiuxi 1, ZHANG Jianming1 & CUI Qiaoyu1 1. key laboratory of Western China’s environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) & college of Earth and environment sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. Jiangsu key laboratory of environmental change and Ecological Construction & college of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China 1. key laboratory of Western China’s environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) & college of Earth and environment sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Jiangsu key laboratory of environmental change and Ecological Construction & college of Geography Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 China

Fossil mammal-riched Neogene strata are widely distributed in the southeast corner of the huge Longzhong Basin at Tianshui, Gansu Province, northern central China. Hipparion weihoense, a typical member of late Middle Miocene Bahean stage, was recently excavated at Yaodian along a well-exposed outcrop. Owing to the importance of the Bahean stage in the mammalian evolution and its potential for environmental change, we suggested a name of Yaodian Formation for the stratigra- phy, which is correlated to the Bahe Formation at Lantian, Shaanxi. High resolution paleomagnetic dating of the section shows that the Yaodian Formation covers the period between 11.67 Ma and 7.43 Ma, with the site bearing Hipparion weihoense being estimated at about 10.54―10.30 Ma, providing first magnetostratigraphic chronology for the Bahean Stage. The Yaodian Formation consists of fluvial channel deposits (11.67―10.40 Ma) at the bottom, floodplain deposits in the middle (10.40―9.23 Ma) and shallow lake sediments at the top (9.23―7.43 Ma). This upward fining sequence suggests that the relief in nearby mountain ranges such as West Qinling to the south and Huajia Ling to the north was greatly reduced after long-term denudation, fluvial transport capacity was low, and finally the drainage system was disintegrated, replaced with broad-shallow lakes in which only fine sediments like mud and marlite were deposited, indicating an old stage of development of a planation surface. A remarkable shift in ecology and climatic environment was found at 7.4―7.7 Ma when paleoclimate changed from early warm humid to late dry as indicated by sedimentary facies changed from early shallow lake sequence to late eolian red clays and a former coniferous-deciduous mixed forest was replaced by grassland, leading to great growth of Hipparion Fauna of Baodean stage in the region. Therefore, it is estimated that the present high relief of Qinling and drainage pattern did not come into being until Late Pliocene in response

关键词： Bahean stage,magnetostratigraphy,Yaodian Formation,Neogene,Longzhong Basin.