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Effects of Rice Straw and Its Biochar Addition on Soil Labile Carbon and Soil Organic Carbon

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第3期13卷 491-498页

作者： YIN Yun-feng HE Xin-hua GAO Ren MA Hong-liang YANG Yu-sheng key laboratory of humid subtropical eco-geographical process Ministry of Education/College of Geographical Science Fujian Normal University Department of Primary Industries School of Life Sciences Yunnan Normal University

Whether the biochar amendment could affect soil organic matter （SOM） turnover and hence soil carbon （C） stock remains poorly understood. Effects of the addition of ^13C-labelled rice straw or its pyrolysed biochar at 250 or 350℃ to a sugarcane soil （Ferrosol） on soil labile C （dissolved organic C, DOC; microbial biomass C, MBC; and mineralizable C, MC） and soil organic C （SOC） were investigated after 112 d of laboratory incubation at 25℃. Four treatments were examined as （1） the control soil without amendment （Soil）; （2） soil plus ^13C-labelled rice straw （Soil＋Straw）; （3） soil plus 250℃ biochar （Soil＋B250） and （4） soil plus 350℃biochar （Soil＋B350）. Compared to un-pyrolysed straw, biochars generally had an increased aryl C, carboxyl C, C and nitrogen concentrations, a decreased O-alkyl C and C：N ratio, but similar alkyl C and δ^13C （1 742- 1 877 %）. Among treatments, significant higher DOC, MBC and MC derived from the new C （straw or biochar） ranked as Soil＋Straw〉Soil＋B250〉Soil＋B350, whilst significant higher SOC from the new C as Soil＋B250〉Soil＋Straw≈Soil＋B350. Compared to Soil, DOC and MBC derived from the native soil were decreased under straw or biochar addition, whilst MC from the native soil was increased under straw addition but decreased under biochar addition. Meanwhile, native SOC was similar among the treatments, irrespective of the straw or biochar addition. Compared to Soil, significant higher total DOC and total MBC were under Soil＋Straw, but not under Soil＋B250 and Soil＋B350, whilst significant higher total MC and total SOC were under straw or biochar addition, except for MC under Soil＋B350. Our results demonstrated that the application of biochar to soil may be an appropriate management practice for increasing soil C storage.

关键词： ^13C discrimination, ^13C-labelled rice straw biochar, ^13C NMR spectrum incubation

Resorption Efficiency of Four Cations in Different Tree Species in a subtropical Common Garden

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第1期91卷 185-196页

作者： Yaoyi Zhang Xiangyin Ni Jing Yang Siyi Tan Shu Liao Dingyi Wang Kai Yue Fuzhong Wu key laboratory for humid subtropical eco-geographical processes of the Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350007China

High rainfall in subtropical regions can leach cation elements from ecosystems,which may limit plant *** often develop efficient resorption patterns to recycle elements,but there is relatively little available information on this *** February 2012,a common garden was established in a subtropical forest by planting dominant trees from the *** and senescent leaves were sampled from 11 tree *** concentrations of potassium(K),calcium(Ca),sodium(Na)and magnesium(Mg)were determined,and the resorption efficiencies were *** results showed significant K,Na and Mg resorption in most of the investigated tree species,while Ca mainly displayed *** coniferous and evergreen broad-leaved trees(such as Cunninghamia lanceolata,Pinus massoniana,Cinnamomum camphora,and Michelia macclurei)exhibited relatively higher resorption efficiencies of K(39.0%-87.5%)and Na(18.3%-50.2%)than deciduous broad-leaved *** Mg resorption efficiencies(>50%)were detected in Liriodendron chinense,*** and *** than in other ***,evergreen coniferous and evergreen broad-leaved trees could show higher cation resorption than deciduous broad-leaved trees.K and Mg resorption efficiencies and Ca accumulation decrease with increasing nutrient concentrations in green *** results emphasize that nutrient resorption patterns largely depend on elements and plant functions,which provides new insights into the nutrient use strategies of subtropical plants and a reference for the selection of suitable tree species in this region.

关键词： Nutrient use strategy cations common-garden trees nutrient resorption subtropical forest

Late Pleistocene aeolian activity in Haitan Island, Southeast China: Insights from optically stimulated luminescence dating of coastal dunes on marine terraces

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1777-1788页

作者： JIN Jian-hui LI Zhi-zhong CHENG Yan XU Xiao-lin LI Zhi-xing LIU Xiao-ju Institute of Geography Fujian Normal University key laboratory for humid subtropical eco-geographical processes of the Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University College of geographical Sciences Fujian Normal University

The 'Old Red Sand' is a type of semicemented medium-fine sandy sediment that is red(10R_4/8) or brown red(2.5YR_4/8) in colour and is found in late Quaternary deposits. The sediments have distinctive characteristics and are a critical archive for understanding climatic changes in the coastal areas of East Asia. The ages of the late Quaternary aeolian sand dunes from Haitan Island in the coastal area of South China are still in debate. In this study, three sets of marine terraces were identified in the northern region of Haitan Island. Aeolian dune sands are well preserved on the top of these terraces. Quartz Optically Stimulated Luminescence dating and the distribution of the formation ages demonstrated that the palaeo-dunes are deposits from the middle-late period of the Late Pleistocene(Q_3^(2-3)). The period may be divided into three stages, 100-90 ka, 70-60 ka, and 40-20 ka, in which the palaeo-dunes of the first two stages are more widespread and were formed separately during a low-sea level period of the Marine Isotope Stages 5 b and 4. Several depositional palaeo-flood event records were preserved during the last stage due to the increasing gradient of mountain gullies formed during the Last Glacial Maximum.

关键词： Aeolian activity Sediment dating Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) Late Pleistocene Environmental evolution Haitan Island

Response of Pinus taiwanensis growth to climate changes at its southern limit of Daiyun Mountain, China's Mainland Fujian Province

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第2期59卷 328-336页

作者： CHEN Dan FANG keyan LI YingJun DONG ZhiPeng ZHANG Yu ZHOU FeiFei Institute of Geography Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process (Ministry of Education)College of Geographical Sciences Fujian Normal University key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Research Center for Scientific Development in Fenhe River Valley Taiyuan Normal University

The Pinus taiwanensis trees of a Chinese endemic species form pure forests at infertile sites in humid subtropical China, which can aid soil reservation and ecological resiliency at such sites. Herein, we used dendrochronological methods to investigate the growth patterns and their relationship with climate by analyzing 158 cores of 79 P. taiwanensis trees at 4 sites in their southernmost distribution in China's Mainland at Daiyun Mountain in Fujian Province. Tree growths at sites with favor- able conditions generally showed an age-related growth trend, which decreased from approximately 5 mm to 0.5 mm in about a century. Trees in moderately stressed environments established high growth in their juvenile periods but were highly suscep- tible to environmental stresses such as a sharp growth decline in the 1990s. The temperature in February and the moisture in July are the major limiting factors for most of the tree growths, except for a few extremely stressed P. taiwanensis trees. The growth of the dwarf P. taiwanensis trees, with all ring diameters of the first 20 years less than 4 ram, is mainly limited by the dry climate in May. Under the potential future warming trend, drought stress can be particularly threatening to these dwarf P. taiwanensis trees, which are likely to be the germplasm resources for this species in this region.

关键词： Daiyun Mountain Pinus taiwanensis Climate-growth relationships Drought Global warming

Effects of organic matter on the distribution of rare earth elements in red soil aggregates during ecological restoration

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第11期18卷 2915-2928页

作者： OU Xiao-lin CHEN Zhi-biao CHEN Zhi-qiang LIANG Mei-xia CHEN Hai-bin key laboratory for humid subtropical eco-geographical processes of the Ministry of Education Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 3500007China School of geographical Sciences Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 3500007China

Rare earth elements(REEs)are widely applied in high-tech ***,their increasing presence in the food chain poses significant risks to human *** present,little is known about the effects of organic matter on the distribution of ion-adsorbed REEs in soil aggregates during ecological *** soil derived from coarse-grained granite in Southern China is both prone to ecosystem degradation from soil erosion and rich in *** the distribution of REEs in soil aggregates undergoing ecological restoration is helpful to formulate effective measures for controlling the environmental migration of *** sites that had undergone different durations/degrees of ecological restoration were selected in the areas to *** concentration of six different aggregates sizes(5 mm)were analyzed and the enrichment coefficients were calculated in 4 sample sites of severe-degraded ecosystem in Changting County,Fujian Province,Southern *** results showed that the total rare earth elements(TREEs)concentration in the aggregates increased from 213 mg kg^(-1) to 528 mg kg^(-1) with the extension of the ecological restoration *** the initial stages of ecological restoration,there was no significant difference in the TREEs concentration among the six aggregates ***,in the middle and late stages of restoration,the concentration of TREEs increased significantly with the decrease of aggregate *** concentration of individual REEs showed three changing trends with sizes of aggregates during ecological restoration,respectively:1)no obvious regular change(S1),2)a V-shaped change trend(S2),and 3)increasing concentration with the decrease of aggregate size(S3 and S4).Ce and Eu showed a positive and negative anomaly in the soil aggregates,***,the light rare earth elements(LREEs)were enriched,while the heavy rare earth elements(HREEs)were depleted during the initial stages,and the HREEs were

关键词： Rare earth elements Soil aggregates ecological restoration Red soil

Potential Effects of Episodic Deposition on Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Decomposing Litters of Suaeda glauca in Salt Marsh of the Yellow River Estuary, China

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Chinese geographical Science 2020年第3期30卷 466-482页

作者： CHEN Bingbing SUN Zhigao key laboratory of humid subtropical eco-geographical process(Fujian Normal University) Ministry of EducationFuzhou 350007China Institute of Geography Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Fujian Provincial key laboratory for subtropical Resources and Environment Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China

Episodic deposition has been recognized as a major factor affecting the decomposition rate of detrital material in salt marshes. In this paper, three one-off burial treatments, no burial treatment(0 cm, NBT), current burial treatment(10 cm, CBT) and strong burial treatment(20 cm, SBT), were designed in intertidal zone of the Yellow River Estuary to determine the potential influences of episodic deposition on nutrient(C, N) and heavy metal(Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cd, V and Co) variations in decomposing litters of Suaeda glauca. Results showed that although various burial treatments showed no statistical difference in decomposition rate of S. glauca, the values generally followed the sequence of CBT(0.002 403/d) > SBT(0.002 195/d) > NBT(0.002 060/d). The nutrients and heavy metals in decomposing litters of the three burial treatments exhibited different variations except for N, Cu, Cr, Ni and Co. Except for Mn, no significant differences in C, N, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, V and Co concentrations occurred among the three treatments(P > 0.05). With increasing burial depth, Cr and Cd levels generally increased while Cu, Ni and Mn concentrations decreased. Although episodic deposition was generally favorable for C and N release from S. glauca, its influence on release was insignificant. In the three burial treatments, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, Mn, V and Co stocks in S. glauca generally evidenced the export of metals from litter to environment, and, with increasing burial depth, the export amounts increased greatly. The S. glauca were particular efficient in binding Cd and releasing Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, Mn, V and Co, and, with increasing burial depth, stocks of Cu in decomposing litters generally shifted from release to accumulation. The experiment indicated that the potential eco-toxic risk of Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni, Mn, V and Co exposure would be serious as the strong burial episodes occurred in S. glauca marsh.

关键词： decomposition nutrient and metal episodic deposition Suaeda glauca Yellow River Estuary

Potential Impacts of Exogenous Nitrogen Enrichment on Distribution and Transfer of Nitrogen in Plant-Soil System of Suaeda salsa Marsh in the Yellow River Estuary, China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第1期22卷 258-270页

作者： HU Xingyun SUN Zhigao YU Linying CHEN Bingbing Fujian Provincial key laboratory for subtropical Resources and Environment Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China key laboratory of humid subtropical eco-geographical process(Fujian Normal University) Ministry of EducationFuzhou 350007China Institute of Geography Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China

To determine the potential impacts of exogenous nitrogen(N)enrichment on distribution and transfer of N in Suaeda salsa marsh in the Yellow River Estuary,the variations of N in plant-soil system during the growing season were investigated by field N addition *** experiment included four treatments:NN(no N input treatment,0gNm^(−2) yr^(−1)),LN(low N input treatment,3.0 gNm^(−2) yr^(−1)),MN(medium N input treatment,6 gNm^(−2) yr^(−1))and HN(high N input treatment,12 gNm^(−2) yr^(−1)).Results showed that N additions generally increased the contents of total nitrogen(TN),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(−)-N)in different soil layers and the increasing trend was particularly evident in *** with the NN treatment,the average contents of TN in topsoil in the LN,MN and HN treatments during the growing season increased by 10.85%,30.14%and 43.98%,the mean contents of NH_(4)^(+)-N increased by 8.56%,6.96%and 14.34%,and the average contents of NO_(3)^(−)-N increased by 35.73%,45.99%and 46.66%,*** exogenous N import did not alter the temporal variation patterns of TN contents in organs,the N transfer and accumulation differed among tissues in different *** increasing N import,both the N stocks in soil and plant showed increasing trend and the values in N addition treatments increased by 9.43%–38.22%and 13.40%–62.20%,*** was worth noting that,compared with other treatments,the *** in the MN treatments was very likely to have special response to N enrichment since not only the period of peak growth was prolonged by about 20 days but also the maximum of TN content in leaves was advanced by approximately one *** paper found that,as N loading reached MN level in future,the growth rhythm of *** and the accumulation and transference of N in its tissues would be altered significantly,which might generate great impact on the stability and health of *** marsh ecosystem.

关键词： nitrogen import nitrogen transfer plant-soil system Suaeda salsa Yellow River Estuary

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Spatial Variation and Risk Assessment of Arsenic and Heavy Metals in Surface Water and Suspended Particulate Matter in Tail Reaches of the Yellow River, China

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Chinese geographical Science 2021年第1期31卷 181-196页

作者： SUN Zhigao LI Jing TIAN Liping CEHN Bingbing HU Xingyun key laboratory of humid subtropical eco-geographical process(Fujian Normal University) Ministry of EducationFuzhou 350007China Institute of Geography Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China Fujian Provincial key laboratory for subtropical Resources and Environment Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China

To determine the pollution levels and potential toxic risks of arsenic(As) and heavy metals(Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) in water and suspended particulate matter(SPM) in tail reaches(including freshwater reach and low-salinity reach) of the Yellow River as the Flow-Sediment Regulation Project(FSRP) has been carried out for approximately 15 yr, the surface water and SPM were sampled at pre-flood(April) and post-flood seasons(October). Results showed that similar changes of As and metal levels in water and SPM were observed along the tail reaches at pre-flood or post-flood season. Compared to pre-flood season, the levels of As, Cu, Cr and Ni in freshwater reach and the concentrations of Cr and Ni in low-salinity reach rose greatly at post-flood season. The levels of As and metals in SPM of freshwater reach or low-salinity reach at pre-flood season were significantly higher than those at post-flood season(P < 0.01).The pollutions of As and metals in surface water of tail reaches at pre-flood or post-flood season were not serious. The SPM in freshwater reach at pre-flood season were polluted by Cd, As, Cr, Cu and Ni while those in low-salinity reach were polluted by Cd and Cr. The SPM in freshwater reach at post-flood season were polluted by Cd and Pb while those in low-salinity reach were polluted by Cd and *** was identified as heavy metal of primary concern at both pre-flood and post-flood seasons. Combined with the existed data reported in present research, this study found that the toxic risk of As and metals in SPM of tail reaches at pre-flood season was higher than that at post-flood season, implying that the implementation of FSRP during flooding season, to a great extent, reduced the toxic risk of these elements. With the long-term implementation of FSRP, the pollution levels of As and metals(particularly for Cd) in SPM of tail reaches might be elevated and the potential toxic risk primarily produced by Cr, Ni and As might be increased if effective measures we

关键词： arsenic and heavy metals surface water suspended particulate matter tail reaches Yellow River

Gap edge canopy buffering of throughfall deposition in a subalpine natural forest

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Forest ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 503-510页

作者： Siyi Tan Qing Dong Xiangyin Ni Kai Yue Shu Liao Fuzhong Wu key laboratory for humid subtropical eco-geographical processes of the Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou350007China ecological Security and Protection key laboratory of Sichuan Province Mianyang Teachers'CollegeMianyang621000China

Base cation loads are rarely considered in forest gap edge canopies,but they can play critical roles in capturing or buffering atmospheric deposition in forests with frequent gap disturbances,such as subalpine *** selected an expanded gap edge canopy and a closed canopy in a subalpine natural forest on the eastern Tibetan *** throughfall deposition and canopy exchange processes of common base cations(K^(+),Ca^(2+),Na^(+),and Mg^(2+))were continuously studied over two *** results showed that the enrichment ratio and fluxes had lower levels of base cations in the gap-edge canopy than in the closed canopy,which indicated that base cations were concentrated more in the closed canopy than in the gap-edge *** Ca^(2+)in the gap-edge canopy showed a higher net throughfall flux,the annual net throughfall fluxes of K^(+),Na^(+) and Mg^(2+) within the gap-edge canopy were 1.83,6.75 and 2.95 times lower than those in the closed canopy,***,dry deposition fluxes of base cations significantly decreased in the gap edge canopy compared to those in the closed canopy,and the decreasing tendency was more significant during the snowy season than during the rainy ***,these results suggest that the amount of base cations in subalpine natural forest ecosystems may be overestimated when the throughfall deposition of ions in gap edge canopies is ignored.

关键词： Canopy exchange Dry deposition Throughfall Subalpine forest Precipitation deposition