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Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Biao Zhu Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang Institute of ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Ministry of Education key laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil is the largest carbon(C) reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N) deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC) storage, but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains unclear. Here, we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N addition. Our analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%), with greater increases in croplands(10.6%) and forests(6.0%) compared to grasslands(2.1%). Regarding SOC components, N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%) over microbial-derived C(0.2%), as well as labile(5.7%) over recalcitrant components(–1.2%), resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile C. Consistently, N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%) than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%), suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools, with more increase in unstable than stable pools. The responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary productivity. Overall, our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool, which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

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Increase in the variability of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to enhanced future ENSO modulation

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 32-38页

作者： Younong Li Li Dan Jing Peng Qidong Yang Fuqiang Yang key laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina key laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low-Latitude plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a major driver of climate change in middle and low latitudes and thus strongly influences the terrestrial carbon cycle through land-air *** the ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability are projected to increase in the future,but their connection still needs further *** investigate the impact of future ENSO modulation on carbon flux variability,this study used 10 CMIP6 earth system models to analyze ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability in middle and low latitudes,and their relationship,under different scenarios simulated by CMIP6 *** results show a high consistency in the simulations,with both ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability showing an increasing trend in the *** higher the emissions scenario,especially SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP2-4.5,the greater the increase in *** flux variability in the middle and low latitudes under SSP2-4.5 increases by 30.9%compared to historical levels during 1951-2000,while under SSP5-8.5 it increases by 58.2%.Further analysis suggests that ENSO influences mid-and low-latitude carbon flux variability primarily through *** occurrence may potentially be attributed to the increased responsiveness of gross primary productivity towards regional temperature fluctuations,combined with the intensified influence of ENSO on land surface temperatures.

关键词： Carbon variability ENSO modulation CMIP6 models

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Satellite remote sensing reveals overwhelming recovery of forest from disturbances in Asia

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 46-51页

作者： Yiying Zhu Hesong Wang Anzhi Zhang School of ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina key laboratory of Regional Climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of forestry and Landscape Architecture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqiChina

forest ecosystems play key roles in mitigating human-induced climate change through enhanced carbon uptake;however,frequently occurring climate extremes and human activities have considerably threatened the stability of *** the same time,detailed accounts of disturbances and forest responses are not yet well quantified in *** study employed the Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend method-an abrupt-change detection method-to analyze the Enhanced Vegetation Index time series in East Asia,South Asia,and Southeast *** approach allowed us to detect forest disturbance and quantify the resilience after *** showed that 20%of forests experienced disturbance with an increasing trend from 2000 to 2022,and Southeast Asian countries were more severely affected by ***,95%of forests had robust resilience and could recover from disturbance within a few *** resilience of forests suffering from greater magnitude of disturbance tended to be stronger than forests with lower disturbance *** summary,this study investigated the resilience of forests across the low and middle latitudes of Asia over the past two *** authors found that most forests exhibited good resilience after disturbance and about two-thirds had recovered to a better state in *** findings of this study underscore the complex relationship between disturbance and resilience,contributing to comprehension of forest resilience through satellite remote sensing.

关键词： forest ecosystem Enhanced vegetation index Breaks for additive seasonal and trend method Disturbance Resilience

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Causal effects of shelter forests and water factors on desertification control during 2000–2010 at the Horqin Sandy Land region, China

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Journal of forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 33-45页

作者： Qiaoling Yan Jiaojun Zhu Xiao Zheng Changjie Jin State key laboratory of forest and Soil ecology Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences

The Horqin Sandy Land（HSL）, the largest sandy land in the semi-arid agro-pastoral ecotone of Northeast China, has been subject to desertification during the past century. In response, and to control the desertification,government implemented the Three-North Shelter/Protective forest Program, world＇s largest ecological reforestation/afforestation restoration program. The program began in1978 and will continue for 75 years until 2050. Understanding the dynamics of desertification and its driving forces is a precondition for controlling ***, there is little evidence to directly link causal effects with desertification process（i.e., on the changing area of sandy land） because desertification is a complex process,that can be affected by vegetation（including vegetation cover and extent of shelter forests） and water factors such as precipitation, surface soil moisture, and *** objectives of this study were to identify how influencing factors, especially shelter forests, affected desertification in HSL over a recent decade. We used Landsat TM imagery analysis and path analysis to identify the effects of spatiotemporal changes in water and vegetation parameters during2000–2010. Desertification was controlled during the study period, as indicated by a decrease in desert area at a rate of163.3 km2year-1and an increase in the area with reduced intensity or extent of desertification. Total vegetation cover in HSL increased by 10.6 % during the study period and this factor exerted the greatest direct and indirect effects on slowing desertification. The contribution of total vegetation cover to controlling desertification increased with the intensity of desertification. On slightly and extremely severe desertified areas, vegetation cover contributed 5 and 42 % of the desertification reduction, respectively. There were significant correlations between total vegetation cover and water conditions（i.e., evapotranspiration and precipitation）and th

关键词： The Three-North Shelter forest Program Precipitation Remote sensing Vegetation cover Semi-arid region

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Structure and function of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial community respond differently to elevated ozone in field-planted wheat

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 126-134页

作者： Zhan Chen Xiaoke Wang He Shang Institute of forest ecology Environment and Protection Chinese Academy of Forestry Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and EnvironmentState Forestry Administration State key laboratory of Urban and Regional ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

To assess the responses of the soil microbial community to chronic ozone（O3）, wheat seedlings（Triticum aestivum Linn.） were planted in the field and exposed to elevated O3（e O3）concentration. Three treatments were employed：（1） Control treatment（CK）, AOT40 = 0;（2） O3-1, AOT40 = 1.59 ppm·h;（3） O3-2, AOT40 = 9.17 ppm·h. Soil samples were collected for the assessment of microbial biomass C, community-level physiological profiles（CLPPs）, and phospholipid fatty acids（PLFAs）. EO3 concentration significantly reduced soil microbial carbon and changed microbial CLPPs in rhizosphere soil, but not in non-rhizosphere *** results of the PLFAs showed that e O3 concentrations had significant effects on soil community structure in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. The relative abundances of fungal and actinomycetous indicator PLFAs decreased in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, while those of bacterial PLFAs increased. Thus the results proved that e O3 concentration significantly changed the soil microbial community function and composition, which would influence the soil nutrient supply and carbon dynamics under O3 exposure.

关键词： O3 Wheat Rhizosphere soil Non-rhizosphere soil CLPP PLFA

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Influencing Factors of Seed Long-distance Dispersal on a Fragmented forest Landscape on Changbai Mountains,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2016年第1期26卷 68-77页

作者： ZHAO Fuqiang QI Lin FANG Lei YANG Jian State key laboratory of forest and Soil ecology Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Seed long-distance dispersal(LDD) events are typically rare, but are important in the population processes that determine large-scale forest changes and the persistence of species in fragmented landscapes. However, previous studies focused on species dispersed via animal-mediated LDD, and ignored those dispersed by wind. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of canopy openness, edge, seed source, and patch tree density on the LDD of seeds by wind in forest. We collected birch seeds, a typical wind-dispersed species, throughout a larch plantation. We then assessed the relationship between birch LDD and each factor that may influence LDD of seeds by wind including distance to edge, canopy openness size, distance to mature forest, and the tree density of the larch plantation. We used univariate linear regression analysis to assess the influence of those factors on birch LDD, and partial correlations to calculate the contribution of each factor to LDD. The results showed that both canopy openness and edge had significant influences on birch LDD. Specifically, a negative relationship was observed between distance to edge and birch LDD, whereas there was a positive correlation between canopy openness size and LDD. In contrast, the distance to the mature forest was not correlated with birch LDD. Our results suggest that patch tree density could potently affect the probability of LDD by wind vectors, which provides novel and revealing insights regarding the effect of fragmentation on wind dynamics. The data also provide compelling evidence for the previously undocumented effect of habitat fragmentation on wind-dispersed organisms. As such, these observations will facilitate reasonable conservation planning, which requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which patch properties hamper the delivery of seeds of wind-dispersed plants to fragmented areas.

关键词： seed long-distance dispersal (LDD) forest fragmentation patch property wind dispersal Changbai Mountains

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Linkages among leaf nutrient concentration,resorption efficiency, litter decomposition and their stoichiometry to canopy nitrogen addition and understory removal in subtropical plantation

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 90-102页

作者： Jawad Ali Shah Wenfei Liu Saif Ullah Honglang Duan Fangfang Shen Yingchun Liao Guomin Huang Jianping Wu Ministry of Education key laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University laboratory of Soil ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province Yunnan University Jiangxi key laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology Nanchang Institute of Technology key laboratory of forest Cultivation in plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou College of ForestryGuizhou University

Background The prevalence of understory removal and anthropogenic nitrogen(N) deposition has significantly altered the ecological processes of forest ecosystems at both regional and global scales. However, it remains a pressing challenge to understand how N deposition and understory removal affect leaf nutrient dynamics, nutrient resorption, litter decomposition, and their linkages for better managing forest ecosystems under nutrient imbalances induced by N enrichment. To address this research gap, a field manipulation experiment was carried out in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation with four treatments including: control(CK), canopy N addition(CN), understory removal(UR), and canopy N addition plus understory removal(CN × UR). Green and senesced leaf N and phosphorus(P) concentrations, N and P resorption efficiencies, litter decomposition, and their correlations were *** The results revealed that the average N concentrations of green early and late leaves in UR were increased by 6.61 and 18.89% compared to CK. UR had the highest whereas CN had the lowest P concentrations in green leaves across the two sampling seasons. Following this, UR, leaf type, season, and their interactions significantly affected leaf N, P, and N:P(P < 0.05). The highest leaf N resorption(32.68%) and P resorption efficiencies(63.96%) were recorded in UR. Litter decomposition was significantly retarded in UR(P < 0.01) relative to CN. The regression analysis demonstrated that leaf nutrient status was significantly interconnected with leaf nutrient resorption efficiencies. In addition, leaf nutrient dynamics were strongly correlated with litter nutrients, indicating that both were *** These findings can deepen our knowledge of biogeochemical cycling and reveal contrasting nutrientacquisition strategies on N and P limitation in response to UR and CN. Considering the P limitation, it is important to note that P was resorbed more efficiently, illustrating a

关键词： Nutrient resorption Nitrogen deposition Litter decomposition Stoichiometry Understory removal Subtropical plantation

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Rapid loss of leguminous species in the semi-arid grasslands of northern China under climate change and mowing from 1982 to 2011

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第5期12卷 752-765页

作者： XU Bo HUGJILTU Minggagud BAOYIN Taogetao ZHONG Yankai BAO Qinghai ZHOU Yanlin LIU Zhiying Ministry of Education key laboratory of ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian plateau&Inner Mongolia key laboratory of Grassland ecology School of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

Effects of mowing on the composition and diversity of grasslands varied with climate change(e.g.,precipitation and temperature).However,the interactive effects of long-term mowing and climate change on the diversity and stability of leguminous and non-leguminous species in the semi-arid grasslands are largely ***,we used in situ monitoring data from 1982 to 2011 to examine the effects of continuous mowing and climate change on the plant biomass and diversity of leguminous and non-leguminous species,and soil total nitrogen in the typical semi-arid grasslands of northern *** showed that the biomass and diversity of leguminous species significantly decreased with the increasing in the biomass and diversity of non-leguminous species during the 30-a *** in biomass were mainly affected by the long-term mowing,while variations in diversity were mainly explained by the climate ***,the normalized change rates of diversity in leguminous species were significantly higher than those in non-leguminous *** and temperature together contributed to the diversity changes of leguminous species,with mowing accounting for 50.0%and temperature 28.0%.Temporal stability of leguminous species was substantially lower than that of non-leguminous ***,soil total nitrogen decreased in the 2000s compared with the *** findings demonstrated that leguminous species were more sensitive to the long-term mowing and climate change than non-leguminous species in the semi-arid ***,reseeding appropriate leguminous plants when mowing in the semi-arid grasslands may be a better strategy to improve nitrogen levels of grassland ecosystems and maintain ecosystem biodiversity.

关键词： climate change diversity legume mowing productivity succession temporal stability

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Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of total alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Journal of forestry Research 2016年第1期27卷 167-174页

作者： Lin Zhang Gang Wei Yang Liu Yuangang Zu Qinghui Gai Lei Yang key laboratory of forest Plant ecology Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University

We evaluated the hypoglycemic and antioxi- dant effects of the total alkaloids of leaves and twigs of Catharanthus roseus Linn. （CTA） in streptozotocin （STZ）- induced diabetic rats. The hypoglycemic effect was mea- sured by blood glucose and plasma insulin level. Oxidative stress was measured in heart, liver and kidney by levels of antioxidant markers, free radical scavengers and lipid peroxides i.e. superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, glutathione （GSH） and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS）. Biochemical parameters, i.e. aspar- tate aminotransferase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, alkaline phosphate （ALP） were observed in diabetic control and treated rats. Oral administration of CTA for 30 days was followed by a significant （P 〈 0.05） decrease in fasting blood glucose and increase in insulin level as compared with untreated diabetic rats. Also it significantly （P 〈 0.05） reduced ALT, AST and ALP. The treatment also resulted in significant （P 〈 0.05） reductions in GSH, SOD, CAT, and decrease in TBARS in the heart, liver and kidney of diabetic rats. The results suggest that CTA can effectively normalize the impaired antioxidant status in STZ-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent *** exerted rapid protective effects against lipid peroxi- dation by scavenging of free radicals and reducing the risk of diabetic complications.

关键词： Antihyperglycemic activity Antioxidantactivity Catharanthus roseus Streptozotocin-induceddiabetic rats Total alkaloids

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Response of Pinus koraiensis seedling growth to different light conditions based on the assessment of photosynthesis in current and one-year-old needles

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Journal of forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 53-62页

作者： Jiaojun Zhu Kai Wang Yirong Sun Qiaoling Yan State key laboratory of forest and Soil ecology Qingyuan Experimental Station of Forest EcologyInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

As one of the three major five-leaved pines in the northern hemisphere, Pinus koraiensis is the most important dominant tree species in the natural mixed-broadleaved Korean pine forests. However, the regeneration of P koraiensis under the canopy of secondary forest stands is poor because of the light limitation. This study was conducted to understand how P koraiensis seedlings adapt to different light intensities and what would be the optimum light level for their establishment and growth. Three repetition plots with four light intensities （15%, 30%, 60% and 100% of the natural incident irradiances, achieved by suspending layers of black nylon net above and surrounding the plots） were set up under natural climate conditions in a montane region in eastern Liaoning Province, Northeast China. A total of 80 P koraiensis seedlings with similar height and root collar diameter were transplanted into four plots. After one year of acclimation to the specific light conditions, the seasonal variations of the photosynthetic variables and needle traits of the current and one-year-old needles, and the growth parameters were observed under four light intensities. The results indicated that：（1） The seedling at 60% treatment exhibited the greatest growth, which agreed with the response of the light-saturated photosynthetic rates （Amax） and the dark respiration rate （Rd） in the current and one-year-old needles, i.e., Rd at 60% treatment was significantly lower than that at 100% treatment, but Amax did not differ between the seedlings at 100% and 60% treatments. （2） The P. koraiensis seedlings have a certain photosynthetic plasticity to adapt the light conditions by adjusting their needle traits and regulating the physiological processes, because Amax, Rd, light saturation point and compensation point, the needle mass area, needle nitrogen and chlorophyll contents were significantly （p〈0.05） correlated with the light intensities. Especially, Am,x at 100% and 60% treatments was signif

关键词： light requirement needle age needle trait photosynthetic plasticity Pinus koraiensis

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