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Could the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism promote climate mitigation?An economy-wide analysis

Advances in Climate change Research 2024年第3期15卷 557-571页

作者： Kun ZHANG Yun-Fei YAO Xiang-Yan QIAN Yu-Fei ZHANG Qiao-Mei LIANG Yi-Ming WEI College of Economics and Management Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Center for Energy and environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing key laboratory of Energy Economics and environmental Management Beijing 100081China Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering SinopecBeijing 100101China College of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Due to concerns about carbon leakage and sectoral competitiveness,the European Union(EU)proposed implementing the carbon border adjustment mechanism(CBAM).The effectiveness and potential negative consequences of CBAM have aroused extensive *** the perspective of the economy-wide analysis,this study uses a global computable general equilibrium model to explore the rationality of CBAM from the aspects of socioeconomic impact and the effects of promoting climate ***,the potential alternative mechanism of CBAM is *** results show that CBAM can reduce the EU's gross domestic product(GDP)loss;however,the GDP loss in all other regions ***,CBAM raises household welfare losses in most regions,including the ***,although CBAM can reduce the marginal abatement cost in eight regions,it comes at the cost of greater economic ***,the economic and household welfare cost of raising emissions reduction targets in regions like the USA and Japan is substantially higher than the impact of passively accepting the CBAM;therefore,CBAM's ability to drive ambitious emission reduction initiatives may be ***,for the potential alternative mechanism,from the perspective of reducing economic cost and household welfare losses,the EU could implement domestic tax cuts in the short-term and promote global unified carbon pricing in the long-term.

关键词： Border adjustment mechanism Computable general equilibrium model Carbon price Climate policy Global carbon pricing

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Iron in the NEEM ice core relative to Asian loess records over the last glacial–interglacial cycle

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 110-123页

作者： Cunde Xiao Zhiheng Du Mike J Handley Paul A Mayewski Junji Cao Simon Schupbach Tong Zhang Jean-Robert Petit Chuanjin Li Yeongcheol Han Yuefang Li Jiawen Ren State key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University State key laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate change Institute School of Earth and Climate Sciences University of Maine key laboratory of Aerosol Science and Technology SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate and environmental Physics Physics Institute University of Bern 6. Institute of Tibetan Plateau and Polar Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences 7. Institut des Geosciences de I'Environment (IGE) University Grenoble Alpes 8. Korea Polar Research Institute

Mineral dust can indirectly affect the climate by supplying bioavailable iron(Fe) to the ocean. Here, we present the records of dissolved Fe(DFe) and total Fe(TDFe) in North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling(NEEM) ice core over the past 110 kyr BP. The Fe records are significantly negatively correlated with the carbon-dioxide(CO2) concentrations during cold periods. The results suggest that the changes in Fe fluxes over the past 110 kyr BP in the NEEM ice core are consistent with those in Chinese loess records because the mineral-dust distribution is controlled by the East Asian deserts. Furthermore, the variations in the dust input on a global scale are most likely driven by changes in solar radiation during the last glacial–interglacial cycle in response to Earth’s orbital cycles. In the last glacial–interglacial cycle, the DFe/TDFe ratios were higher during the warm periods(following the post-Industrial Revolution and during the Holocene and last interglacial period) than during the main cold period(i.e. the last glacial maximum(LGM)), indicating that the aeolian input of iron and the iron fertilization effect on the oceans have a non-linear relationship during different periods. Although the burning of biomass aerosols has released large amounts of DFe since the Industrial Revolution, no significant responses are observed in the DFe and TDFe variations during this period, indicating that severe anthropogenic contamination has no significant effect on the DFe(TDFe)release in the NEEM ice core.

关键词： Greenland NEEM ice core iron fertilization carbon dioxide Chinese loess glacial–interglacial cycle

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Paleoclimatic proxies from global closed basins and the possible beginning of Anthropocene

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第6期31卷 765-784页

作者： LI Yu HAN Qin HAO Lu ZHANG Xinzhong CHEN Dawei ZHANG Yuxin XU Lingmei YE Wangting PENG Simin LI Yichan FENG Zhuowen LIU Hebin key laboratory of Western China's environmental Systems(ministry of education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesCenter for Hydrologic Cycle and Water Resources in Arid RegionLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Global closed basins,occupying almost one fifth of the world's land area,spatially coincide with arid and semiarid *** proxies can indicate basin-wide environmental change and human ***,previous studies have not approached the use of proxies in the same way to reconstruct natural and anthropogenic processes at regional and global *** we present a regional study to investigate the basic processes of paleoclimatic proxies,from a typical closed-basin system in arid *** use multiple paleoclimatic proxies of surface samples and sediments,as well as groundwater and sediment ages to study environmental change and human *** then establish a dataset for paleoclimatic proxies from global closed basins and do a numerical analysis on *** studies verify that human activity greatly impacts paleoclimatic proxies,especially with regard to surface samples,as well as groundwater age,but Holocene sediments are less *** from global studies indicate that the major changing trend of the wet/dry status of closed basins is associated with the movement of the westerly jet streams controlled by long-term changes in winter *** is an abrupt change between 1800 AD and 1900 AD,according to a numerical synthesis of paleoclimatic proxies from global closed basins,which can be linked to human *** suggest this time period can be considered as a start point for the Anthropocene based on the sedimentary evidence of closed basins,globally.

关键词： Anthropocene closed basins paleoclimatic proxies westerly jet streams Asian summer monsoon climate change

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Clay mineral records of the Erlangjian drill core sediments from the Lake Qinghai Basin, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第6期57卷 1846-1859页

作者： ZENG MengXiu SONG YouGui AN ZhiSheng CHANG Hong LI Yue State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University

Located at the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) in the Asian interior, the Lake Qinghai is sensitive to environmental change and thus an outstanding site for studying paleoenvironmental changes. Thick deposits in the Lake Qinghai provide important geological archives for obtaining high-resolution records of continental environmental history. The longest drilling core obtained from the Lake Qinghai, named Erlangjian(ELJ), reached about 1109 m and was investigated to determine its clay mineral assemblage and grain size distributions. Clay mineralogical proxies, including type, composition, and their ratios, as well as the illite crystallinity(KI) and chemical index(CI), in combination with grain size data, were used for reconstructing the history of paleoenvironmental evolution since the late Miocene in the Lake Qinghai Basin. The clay mineral records indicate that the clay mainly comprise detritus originating from peripheral material and has experienced little or no diagenesis. The proportion of authigenic origin was minor. Illite was the most abundant clay mineral, followed by chlorite, kaolinite, and smectite. Variations of clay mineral indexes reflect the cooling and drying trends in the Lake Qinghai region, and the grain size distribution is coincided with the clay minerals indexes. The paleoclimatic evolution of the Lake Qinghai Basin since the late Miocene can be divided into five intervals. The climate was relatively warm and wet in the early of late Miocene, then long-term trends in climate change character display cooling and drying; later in the late Miocene until early Pliocene the climate was in a short relatively warm and humid period; since then the climate was relatively colder and drier. These results also suggest multiple tectonic uplift events in the northeastern QTP.

关键词： the Lake Qinghai clay mineral paleoclimate weathering condition tectonic uplift

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Human Action Recognition Based on Supervised Class-Specific Dictionary Learning with Deep Convolutional Neural Network Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第4期63卷 243-262页

作者： Binjie Gu key laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry Ministry of EducationJiangnan UniversityWuxiChina National Engineering laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxiChinaWeili Xiong1Zhonghu Bai2

Human action recognition under complex environment is a challenging ***,sparse representation has achieved excellent results of dealing with human action recognition problem under different *** main idea of sparse representation classification is to construct a general classification scheme where the training samples of each class can be considered as the dictionary to express the query class,and the minimal reconstruction error indicates its corresponding ***,how to learn a discriminative dictionary is still a difficult *** this work,we make two ***,we build a new and robust human action recognition framework by combining one modified sparse classification model and deep convolutional neural network(CNN)***,we construct a novel classification model which consists of the representation-constrained term and the coefficients incoherence *** results on benchmark datasets show that our modified model can obtain competitive results in comparison to other state-of-the-art models.

关键词： Action recognition deep CNN features sparse model supervised dictionary learning

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Digital monitoring for heavy duty mechanical equipment based on fiber Bragg grating sensor

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第2期52卷 285-293页

作者： ZHOU ZuDe JIANG DeSheng ZHANG DongSheng School of Mechatronics Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyHubei 430070China key laboratory of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Information Processing(Wuhan University of Technology) Ministry of EducationHubei 430070China

The digital monitoring principle and technologies for heavy duty mechanical equipment based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology are introduced in this paper. The fundamentals of new-style FBG sensing technology, including the photorefractive effect of FBG, the physical formation, and the relation between optical properties and grating parameters, are investigated. The plaster, encapsulation and distribution planning of FBG sensor (FBGS), which is used to monitor heavy duty mechanical equipment under abominable environment and extreme conditions, are also studied. In addition, theoretical and experimental researches on the strain, temperature, displacement, and stress transmission characteristics between FBGS and detection interface are presented. The principle and method for temperature compensation in non-uniformity temperature field are described in detail as well. Comparing with the traditional sensing monitoring techniques, the application of FBGS technology on digital monitoring and diagnosis for heavy duty mechanical equipment has a number of significant technical advantages and will make a new breakthrough in this field.

关键词： fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBGS) heavy duty mechanical equipment digital monitoring temperature compensation

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Effects of typical algae species（Aphanizomenon flosaquae and Microcystis aeruginosa） on photoreduction of Hg2+ in water body

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第11期31卷 9-16页

作者： Rongguo Sun Yafei Mo Xinbin Feng Leiming Zhang Lin Jin Qiuhua Li State key laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang China School of Chemistry and Material Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change Canada Toronto Ontario Canada

Photoreduction characteristics of divalent inorganic mercury (Hg2+) in the presence of specific algae species are still not well *** experiments were conducted in the present study to identify the effects of different concentrations of living/dead algae species,including Aphanizomenon flosaquae (AF) and Microcystis aeruginosa (MA),on the photoreduction rate of Hg2+ under various light *** experimental results showed that percentage reduction of Hg2+ was significantly influenced by radiation wavelengths,and dramatically decreased with the presence of *** highest percentage reduction of Hg2+ was induced by UV-A,followed by UV-B,visible light and dark for both living and dead AF,and the order was dark > UV-A > UV-B > visible light for both living and dead *** were two aspects,i.e.,energy and attenuation rate of light radiation and excrementitious generated from algae metabolisms,were involved in the processes of Hg2+ photoreduction with the presence of algae under different light *** percentage reduction of Hg2+ decreased from 15% to 11% when living and dead AF concentrations increased by 10 times (from 106 to 105 cells/mL),and decreased from11% to ~9% in the case of living and dead MA *** can adsorb Hg2+ and decrease the concentration of free Hg2+,thus inhibiting Hg2+ photoreduction,especially under the conditions with high concentrations of *** significant differences were found in percentage reduction of Hg2+ between living and dead treatments of algae *** results are of great importance for understanding the role of algae in Hg2+ photoreduction.

关键词： Aphanizomenon flosaquae Microcystis aeruginosa Photoreduction Divalent inorganic mercury (Hg2+)

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Relationship between Cloud Characteristics and Radar Reflectivity Based on Aircraft and Cloud Radar Co-observations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第5期30卷 1275-1286页

作者：宗蓉刘黎平银燕 China Meteorological Administration key laboratory for Atmospheric Physics and environment Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology State key laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

Cloud properties were investigated based on aircraft and cloud radar co-observation conducted at Yitong, Jilin, Northeast China. The aircraft provided in situ measurements of cloud droplet size distribution, while the millimeter-wavelength cloud radar vertically scanned the same cloud that the aircraft penetrated. The reflectivity factor calculated from aircraft measurements was compared in detail with sinmltaneous radar observations. The results showed that the two reflectivities were comparable in warm clouds, but in ice cloud there were more differences, which were probably associated with the occurrence of liquid water. The acceptable agreement between reflectivities obtained in water cloud confirmed that it is feasible to derive cloud properties by using aircraft data, and hence for cloud radar to remotely sense cloud properties. Based on the dataset collected in warm clouds, the threshold of reflectivity to diagnose drizzle and cloud particles was studied by analyses of the probability distribution function of reflectivity from cloud particles and drizzle drops. The relationship between refiectivity factor （Z） and cloud liquid water content （LWC） was also derived from data on both cloud particles and drizzle. In comparison with cloud droplets, the relationship for drizzle was blurred by many scatter points and thus was less evident. However, these scatters could be partly removed by filtering out the drop size distribution with a large ratio of reflectivity and large extinction coefficient but small effective radius. Empirical relationships of Z-LWC for both cloud particles and drizzle could then be derived.

关键词： aircraft millimeter wavelength cloud radar droplet size distribution reflectivity liquid water content

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Long-Term Trends in the Probability of Different Grades of Haze Days in China from 1960 to 2013

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2020年第2期26卷 199-207页

作者： FU Chuan-bo DAN Li Hainan Institute of Meteorological Science Haikou 570203 China key laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province Haikou 570203 China key laboratory of Regional Climate and environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 China

The number of haze days and daily visibility data for 543 stations in China were used to define the probabilities of four grades of haze days:slight haze(SLH)days;light haze(LIH)days;moderate haze(MOH)days;and severe haze(SEH)*** change trends of the four grades of haze were investigated and the following results were *** highest probability was obtained for SLH days(95.138%),which showed a decreasing trend over the last54 years with the fastest rate of decrease of-0.903%·(10 years)-1 and a trend coefficient of-0.699,passing the 99.9%confidence *** probabilities of LIH and MOH days increased steadily,whereas the probability of SEH days showed a slight downward trend during that *** increasing probability of SLH days was mainly distributed to the east of 105°E and the south of 42°N and the highest value of the trend coefficient was located in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta *** increasing probability of LIH days was mainly distributed in eastern China and the southeastern coastal *** probabilities of MOH and SEH days was similar to the probability of LIH *** analysis of the four grades of haze days in cities with different sizes suggested that the probability of SLH days in large cities and medium cities clearly decreased during the last 54 ***,the probabilities of LIH days was1.5°from a large or medium city showed an increasing trend and reached 100%after 1990;the probability of the other three grades was small and decreased significantly.

关键词： haze days long-term trends probability visibility China

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Effects of carnosine on the evoked potentials in hippocampal CA1 region

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第7期10卷 505-511页

作者： Zhou-yan FENG Xiao-jing ZHENG Jing WANG key Lab of Biomedical Engineering of ministry of education College of Biomedical Engineering and lnstrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China

Objective： To directly examine the effects ofcarnosine on neuronal excitation and inhibition in rat hippocampus in vivo. Methods： Artificial cerebrospinal fluid with carnosine was directly administrated over the exposed rat hippocampus. The changes of neuron activity in the CA1 region of hippocampus were evaluated by orthodromically- and antidromically-evoked potentials, as well as paired-pulse stimulation paradigm. Results： In both orthodromic and antidromic response potentials, carnosine transformed population spikes （PSs） with single spike into epileptiform multiple spikes. In addition, similar to the effect of 7-aminobutyric acidA （GABAA） antagonist picrotoxin, camosine decreased paired-pulse stimulating depression significantly. However, no significant change was observed in the spontaneous field potentials during the application of carnosine. Conclusion： The results indicate a disinhibition-induced excitation effect of carnosine on the CA1 pyramidal neurons. It provides important information against the application of carnosine as a potential anticonvulsant in clinical treatment.

关键词： Carnosine Hippocampus Evoked potential Epileptic seizure

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