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Fitness of fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda to three solanaceous vegetables

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第3期20卷 755-763页

作者： WU Li-hong ZHOU Cao LONG Gui-yun YANG Xi-bin WEI Zhi-yan LIAO Ying-jiang YANG Hong HU Chao-xing Guizhou Provincial key laboratory for Agricultural pest Management of the Mountainous Region Institute of EntomologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025P.R.China College of Tobacco Science Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025P.R.China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop pests in Guiyang of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Guiyang 550025.P.R.China

The fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda Smith(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)is an important agricultural pest that invaded China in the middle of December 2018.As a polyphagous pest,FAW is identified as a serious threat to agricultural production and food security in China.Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),tomato(Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)and eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)are three of dominant solanaceous vegetables of this country.To our knowledge,the effects of these plants on the performances of FAW have not been well studied.In this study we assessed the fitness of this pest to these three plants.Results showed that FAW can complete its life cycle when fed with tomato and pepper,but not on eggplant.The population parameters of FAW fed with maize(Zea mays L.)and the three solanaceous vegetables were compared using the age-stage,two-sex life table method.Developmental duration was significantly different in the larval stage,but not in the pupae stage.FAW fed with pepper had the longest pre-adult period(41.73 d)and the lightest pupal weight(0.1134 g);the survival rate was lower than FAW fed with tomato.Significant differences were observed in the mean fecundity of female,with the highest(943.95 eggs)laid by FAW fed with tomato.FAW had the shortest mean generation time(T),the highest intrinsic rate of increase(r)and finite rate of increase(λ)on maize,and the highest net reproductive rate(R_(0))on tomato.Overall,FAW fitness on the three solanaceous vegetables was:tomato>pepper>eggplant.This study provides the foundation for further assessment of FAW risk to solanaceous vegetables and for establishing corresponding control strategies in China.

关键词： Spodoptera frugiperda life table adaptability tomato pepper eggplant

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Ericoid mycorrhizal fungus enhances microcutting rooting of Rhododendron fortunei and subsequent growth

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 931-941页

作者： Xiangying Wei Jianjun Chen Chunying Zhang Hong Liu Xiuxia Zheng Jingli Mu Institute of Oceanography Minjiang University350108 FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Environmental Horticulture and Mid-Florida Research and Education Center University of FloridaIFASApopkaFL 32703USA Shanghai engineering Research Center of Sustainable Plant Innovation Shanghai Botanical Garden200231 ShanghaiChina State key laboratory of Ecological pest control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University350002 FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Adventitious root(AR)formation is a unique feature of plant reproduction and plays a vital role in crop production as many horticultural and forestry plants are propagated through cuttings.A growing number of reports have shown that microbes,particularly mycorrhizal fungi are able to promote AR formation,but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear.This study established an in vitro culture system and investigated AR formation in microcuttings of Rhododendron fortunei Lindl.inoculated with Oidiodendron maius Barron Om19,an ericoid mycorrhizal fungus strain.Hormones and precursors involved in the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)in Om19 mycelium were analyzed.Om19 was able to produce a large quantity of tryptophan(Trp)and also indole-3-pyruvate(IPA)and IAA,indicating that IAA biosynthesis in Om19 could be through a Trp-dependent pathway.After inoculation of Om19,ARs were quickly formed in microcuttings.Symbiosis related genes were activated in ARs,and Om19 effectively colonized the roots.YUC3,a key gene in plant biosynthesis of IAA and genes involved in nitrogen(N)uptake and metabolism,phosphorus(P)uptake were highly upregulated.Plants absorbed significantly greater quantity of mineral nutrients,and their growth was substantially enhanced compared to the control plants without Om19 inoculation.A working model for Om19 enhanced AR formation was proposed.The rapid formation of ARs in cuttings could be due in part to the induction of IAA biosynthesized by Om19 and also attributed to Trp catalyzed biosynthesis of IAA in plants.AR formation,in turn,provided Om19 preferred sites for colonization.Our study suggested that in addition to promoting AR formation,Om19 could potentially be used as a new biofertilizer for enhancing production of ericaceous plants,such as blueberry,cranberry,and rhododendron.

关键词： metabolism culture attributed

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FLOWERING PLANTS AND ENTOMOPHAGOUS ARTHROPODS IN THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE: A PRACTISE-ORIENTED SUMMARY OF A COMPLEX RELATIONSHIP

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and engineering 2022年第1期9卷 63-74页

作者： Zhizhi WANG Pu TANG Min SHI Jianhua HUANG Xuexin CHEN Institute of Insect Science College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Ministry of Agriculture key laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect pests Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China key laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State key laboratory of Rice Biology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

There is a growing demand for high-quality agricultural products and morecountries have adopted landscape management by sowing flowering plants inagricultural fields as an important branch of conservation biological control.However, there has been less concern over the interactions and trade-offsbetween floral plants and entomophagous arthropods. This paper reviewprogress in pollen/nectar feeding habits of entomophagous insects includingparasitoids and predators which are important natural enemies of crop pestsin agricultural fields. Factors that influence the preference of different guilds of natural enemies are reviewed to guide the selection of flowering plants inconservation biological control practices. Most studies find that floralresources have positive effects on both biological traits of natural enemies andtheir abundance and diversity, and this is believed to contribute greatly to pestcontrol. Furthermore, the potential impacts of floral resources on crop yieldsare also discussed with an emphasis on a guild of entomophagous insects thatprovides both pest control and pollination services.

关键词： ecosystem services flowering plants natural enemies nectar pollen

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Effects of mummy consumption on fitness and oviposition site selection on Harmonia axyridis

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Insect Science 2020年第5期27卷 1101-1110页

作者： Xing-Lin Yu Yi Feng Zhu-Jun Feng Phongsakorn Chana Guan-Xiong Zhu Peng-Liang Xia Tong-Xian Liu key laboratory of Integrated pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina Hubei Tobacco Company Enshi State Co. Ltd.EnshiHubeiChin

Intraguild predation(IGP)has been commonly reported between predators and parasitoids used as biological control agents as predators consuming parasitoids within their hosts.However,the effect of parasitoid-mummy consumption on the fitness of the predator and subsequent oviposition site selection have not been well studied.In our study,we conducted two laboratory experiments to examine the influence of Aphidius gifuen-sis Ashmead(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)mummies as prey on fitness and subsequently oviposition site selection of Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)(Coleoptera:Coccnellidae).Re-sults indicate that when H.aryridis was reared on A.gifiuensis mummies only,its larval development was prolonged,and body weight of the 4th instar larvae and newly emerged adults,and fecundity decreased.Moreover,H.axyridis did not exhibit oviposition pref-erence on plants infested with unparasitized aphids or aphids parasitized for shorter than 9 days.However,compared with plants with mummies(parasitized≥9 days),H.axryridis laid more eggs on plants with unparasitized aphids.In contrast,H.axryridis previously fed with A.gifuensis mummies did not show a significant oviposition preference between plants with unparasitized aphids and those with mummies(parasitized≥9 days).Overall,our results suggest that mummy consumption reduced the fitness of H.axyridis.Although H.axyridis avoided laying eggs on plants with A.gifuensis mummies,prior feeding ex-perience on A.gifuensis mummies could alter the oviposition site preference.Thus,in biological control practice,prior feeding experience of H.axyridis should be carflly considered for reduction of IGP and increase of fitness of H.axyridis on A.gifuensis.

关键词： Aphidius gifuensis feeding experience fitness intraguild predation Myzus persicae oviposition site selection

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Generating broad-spectrum tolerance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in rice by base editing

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第10期64卷 1624-1633页

作者： Rui Zhang Sha Chen Xiangbing Meng Zhuangzhuang Chai Delin Wang Yuge Yuan Kunling Chen Linjian Jiang Jiayang Li Caixia Gao State key laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome engineering Center for Genome EditingInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State key laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China key Lab of pest Monitoring and Green Management MOA/Department of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Herbicide-tolerant rice varieties generated by genome editing are highly desirable for weed control.We have used a cytosine base editor to create a series of missense mutations in the P171 and/or G628 codons of the acetolactate synthase(ALS)gene to confer herbicide tolerance in rice.The four different missense mutations in the P171 codon,P171S,P171A,P171Yand P171F,exhibited different patterns of tolerance towards five representative herbicides from five chemical families of ALS inhibitors.For example,P171S and P171A had lower levels of tolerance than P171Y and P171F to bispyribac but not to the other herbicides.Interestingly,a novel triple mutant(P171F/G628E/G629S)had the highest tolerance to all five tested herbicides.Field trials showed that both P171F and P171F/G628E/G629S could potentially be used with nicosulfuron.Our work illustrates an effective way of using base editing to generate herbicide tolerance in elite rice varieties.

关键词： base editing herbicide tolerance rice acetolactate synthase(ALS)

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Feeding behavior explains the different effects of cabbage on MEAM1 and MED cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci

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Insect Science 2020年第6期27卷 1276-1284页

作者： Jie Hu Jin-Jian Yang Bai-Ming Liu Hong-Ying Cui You-Jun Zhang Xiao-Guo Jiao State key laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme engineering Center for Behavioral Ecology&EvolutionSchool of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhanChina Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Tianjin Institute of Plant Protection TianjinChina Department of entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

MEAMI(Middle East-Asia Minor 1."B"biotype)anpl MED(Mediterranean,"Q"biotype)are the two most destructive ery pie species of the Bemisia tabaci complex on the planet.Our previous studies have shown that MEAMI outcompets MED on cabbage;the underlying mechanism is unknown.In the Brassicaceae family,the glucosinolate-myrosinase defense system plays a crucial role im deterring feeding,inhibiting growth,and eausing acute toxicity against a wide range of generalist herbivores.In the present study.we first compared the surv ival of MEAMI and MED exposed to sinigin(a glucosinolate)and myosinase(an enzyme that degrades glucosinolates);we found that survival of both species was high in response 10 sinigrin alone bul was near zer0 in response to sinigrin+myrosinase.We then used electropenetrography(lectrical penetration graphs,EPG)to assess the feeding bchaviors of MEAMI and MED whiteflies on cabbage.The EPG results revealed that the me an dunution of each potential drop(pd,indicating an intreellular puncture)was subsantialy longer for MED than MEAMI on eabbage,indicating that the exposure to the toxic hydrolysates of glucosinolate and myrosinase is greater for MED than for MEAMI.We therefore conclude that dffreces in penetrating bchaviors may help explain the dfferent fiects of cabbuge on MEAMI and MED whitefly species.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci glucosinolate-myrosinase system potential drop electrical penetration graph

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Anti-fertility effect of levonorgestrel and quinestrol in Brandt’s voles(Lasiopodomys brandtii)

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第4期2卷 260-268页

作者： Meirong ZHAO Ming LIU Dong LI Xinrong WAN Lyn A.HINDS Yanling WANG Zhibin ZHANG State key laboratory of Integrated Management of pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State key laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CSIRO entomology CanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia

The combination of levonorgestrel and quinestrol(EP-1)has been shown to have anti-fertility effects on several wild rodents,but the mechanism underlying these effects is poorly understood.We investigated the effects of EP-1 and each of its components,levonorgestrel(P)and quinestrol(E),on the fertility of Brandt’s voles(Lasiopodomys brandtii)by using a gastric gavage method.The doses for EP-1,E and P were 1,0.34 and 0.66 mg/kg body weight,respectively.Male voles(n=98)were treated daily for 5 or 14 days,then the testes and epididymides were collected,weighed and examined histologically at 30(D30),60(D60)or 90(D90)days after the end of treatment.Four males were allowed to mate with normal females at D90.Female voles(n=75)were treated for 3 days and a further 3 days after a 7-day interval.The uteri and ovaries were weighed and examined histologically at 15(D15),30(D30)or 75(D75)days after the end of treatment.Each of three females were mated with fertile males at D30 and D75,respectively.Our results indicated that quinestrol(E)significantly decreased the sperm numbers in the testes as well as the weight of the testes and epididymides,with both of these tissues showing obvious structural abnormalities,and significantly reduced the litter size and the pup weight for females mated with males of the E treatment group.For female voles,treatment with E,P or EP-1 resulted in no marked influence on the fertility status.These data indicate that quinestrol(E)alone has a significant anti-fertility effect on male Brandt’s voles,but is ineffective in combination with levonorgestrel(P).

关键词： Brandt’s voles(Lasiopodomys brandtii) fertility control levonorgestrel quinestrol.

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Effects of sesame nectar on longevity and fecundity of seven Lepidoptera and survival of four parasitoid species commonly found in agricultural ecosystems

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第11期16卷 2534-2546页

作者： LIU Kai ZHU Ping-yang Lü Zhong-xian CHEN Gui-hua ZHANG Jing-ming Lü Yao-bing LU Yan-hui State key laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable pest and Disease control Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 P.R. China State key laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China Jinhua Plant Protection Station Jinhua 321017 P.R. China School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences Charles Sturt University New South Wales 2800 Australia

Ecological engineering involves the use of plants to promote establishment, survival and efficiency of natural enemies in agricultural systems. Some plant species may be hosts or provide resources to some pest species. We assessed the risks and benefits of sesame （Sesamum indicum L.）, as a nectar source for seven economically important Lepidopteran pest and four parasitoid species in a range of vegetable crop systems. Our results showed that the mean Iongevities of arthropod parasitoids Pteromalus puparum （L.）, Encarsia sophia （Girault ＆ Dodd） and male Microplitis tuberculifer （Wesmael） were significantly extended when fed on sesame flowers compared to the water control. Sesame flowers had no effect on adult Iongevities and fecundities of six out of the seven Lepidoptera pest species tested except Plutella xyllostella （L.） females laid more eggs when fed on sesame flowers. It is likely that the increased fecundity is due to accessibility to nectar at the bottom of corolla because of their smaller body sizes. Our findings provide a first step towards better understanding of the risks and benefits of using sesame to implement ecological engineering for the management of vegetable pests.

关键词： Lepidopteran pests natural enemies flowering plant risks and benefits assessment ecological engineering

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Identification of molecular markers linked to rice bacterial blight resistance genes from Oryza meyeriana

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and engineering 2015年第3期2卷 260-265页

作者： Jing WANG Chen CHENG Yanru ZHOU Yong YANG Qiong MEI Junmin LI Ye CHENG Chengqi YAN Jianping CHEN College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321000China State key laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable control of Plant pest and Disease Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of the Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China

Y73 is a progeny of asymmetric somatic hybridization between Oryza sativa cv.Dalixiang and the wild rice species Oryza meyeriana.Inoculation with a range of strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae showed that Y73 had inherited a high level of resistance to rice bacterial blight(BB)from its wild parent.An F2 population of 7125 individuals was constructed from the cross between Y73 and a BB-susceptible cultivar IR24.After testing 615 SSR and STS markers covering the 12 rice chromosomes,186 markers were selected that showed polymorphism between Y73 and IR24.Molecular markers linked to the BB resistance genes in Y73 were scanned using the F2 population and the polymorphic markers.The SSR marker RM128 on chromosome 1,the STS marker R03D159 on chromosome 3 and the STS marker R05D104 on chromosome 5 were found to be linked to the rice BB resistance genes in Y73.

关键词： Oryza meyeriana bacterial blight resistance gene genetic population linkage molecular marker

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Mechanisms for flowering plants to benefit arthropod natural enemies of insect pests： Prospects for enhanced use in agriculture

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 1-12页

作者： Zhong-Xian Lu Ping-Yang Zhu Geoff M. Gurr Xu-Song Zheng Donna M. Y. Read Kong-Luen Heong Ya-Jun Yang Hong-Xing Xu State key laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable pest and Disease control Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou China EH Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation Charles Stuff University Orange NSW Australia College of Chemistry and Life Science Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang Province China and Crop and Environmental Sciences Division International Rice Research Institute Los Banos Metro Manila Philippines

Reduction of noncrop habitats, intensive use of pesticides and high levels of disturbance associated with intensive crop production simplify the farming landscape and bring about a sharp decline of biodiversity. This, in turn, weakens the biological control ecosystem service provided by arthropod natural enemies. Strategic use of flowering plants to enhance plant biodiversity in a well-targeted manner can provide natural enemies with food sources and shelter to improve biological control and reduce dependence on chemical pesticides. This article reviews the nutritional value of various types of plant-derived food for natural enemies, possible adverse effects on pest management, and the practical application of flowering plants in orchards, vegetables and field crops, agricultural systems where most research has taken place. Prospects for more effective use of flowering plants to maximize biological control of insect pests in agroecosystem are good but depend up on selection of optimal plant species based on information on the ecological mechanisms by which natural enemies are selectively favored over pest species.

关键词： conservation biological control ecological engineering habitat nectar,nutrition pollen shelter

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