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Metagenome analysis reveals potential microbial functions in topsoil of wheat-maize rotation system with five-year application of fertilizers

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第6期12卷 177-184页

作者： Yujun Shen Lixin Zhao Haibo Meng Hongsheng Cheng Jingtao Ding Jiarui Wang Shanshan Dong Xi Zhang Liqiu Song Shengwei Zheng Institute of energy and Environmental Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural EngineeringBeijing 100125China key laboratory of Technologies and Models for Cyclic utilization from Agricultural resources Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100125China key laboratory of energy resource utilization from agriculture residue Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100125China

Fertilization mode affects soil quality and ecological *** effects of four fertilization regimens on lignocellulose content,readily degradable carbohydrate decomposition,and potential microbial functions in the topsoil of a wheat-maize rotation system between 2012 and 2017 were *** fertilization regimens of control(control NFNB),high chemical fertilizer(HCF),high biochar plus low chemical fertilizer(HBLCF),and biochar-based fertilizer(BBF)were compared on soil fundamental properties,microbial structure,and potential function in soil carbohydrate degradation based on metagenome *** diversity of carbohydrate-active enzyme genes in the topsoil microbial consortia in the four trials was primarily distributed within the ten ecologically most dominant *** of BBF was associated with the lowest decline in total nitrogen and P2O5(2012-2017:6.5%and 28.1%,respectively)and the most effective carbohydrate decomposition(2015-2017:67.0%for cellulose and 59.9%for readily degradable carbohydrate).Carbohydrate transport and metabolism accounted for 6.0%of reads assigned functional classification under the BBF *** findings reveal the ecologically functional diversity of topsoil microorganisms and suggest BBF application as a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture and beneficial to soil health.

关键词： biochar-based fertilizer carbohydrate decomposition genetic function microbial community topsoil

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Improvement to Maize Growth Caused by Biochars Derived from Six Feedstocks Prepared at Three Different Temperatures

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2014年第3期13卷 533-540页

作者： LUO Yu JIAO Yu-jie ZHAO Xiao-rong LI Gui-tong ZHAO Li-xin MENG Hai-bo Institute of energy and Environmental Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering key laboratory of energy resource utilization from agriculture residue Ministry of Agriculture/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering College of resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University

Biochar is increasingly proposed as a soil amendment, with reports of benefits to soil physical, chemical and biological properties. In this study, different biochars were produced from 6 feedstocks, including straw and poultry manure, at 3 pyrolysis temperatures （200, 300 and 500℃） and then added separately to a calcareous soil. Their effects on soil properties and maize growth were evaluated in a pot experiment. The biochars derived from crop straw had much higher C but smaller N concentrations than those derived from poultry manure. Carbon concentrations, pH and EC values increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Biochar addition resulted in increases in mean maize dry matter of 12.73% and NPK concentrations of 30, 33 and 283%, respectively. Mean soil pH values were increased by 0.45 units. The biochar-amended soils had 44, 55, 254 and 537% more organic C, total N, Olsen-P and available K, respectively, than the control on average. Both feedstocks and pyrolysis temperature determined the characteristics of the biochar. Biochars with high mineral concentrations may act as mineral nutrient supplements.

关键词： biochar feedstock temperature maize soil

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Evaluation of different clean heat supply modes based on crop straws in the rural area of Northern China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第5期13卷 209-217页

作者： Lili Huo Zonglu Yao Jixiu Jia Lixin Zhao Hongbin Cong Haibo Meng Yanwen Yuan Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in agriculture CAASBeijing 100081China Institute of Rural energy and Environmental Protection Academy of Agricultural Planning and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture ResidueMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China

This study evaluated eight different types of heat supply modes based on crop residues utilization in the rural area of Northern China,including straw densified solid fuel combustion,pyrolysis char combustion,biogas combustion,and pyrolysis gas combustion for single household heating;straw densified solid fuel combustion,baling straw combustion,biogas combustion,and pyrolysis gas combustion for centralized heating;centralized gas supply and centralized pyrolysis gas supply *** evaluation was the cost of these different eight heat supply *** results showed that the cost of straw densified solid fuel combustion,pyrolysis char combustion for single household heating were 2346 RMB/household and 2390 RMB/*** the heating scale of 200-500 households,the pipe network distance was 8 m/household,and the total annual heating cost was predicted at 2201-2992 RMB/*** them,the cost of straw baling combustion for centralized heating was the lowest,the cost of densified solid fuel,biogas,and pyrolysis for centralized heating was the second,and the cost of biogas and pyrolysis gas for centralized gas supply was the *** the increase in every 1 m of the pipeline distance,the investment cost will increase by about 645 RMB for each *** study provides a basis for the implementation of clean heat supply technologies in less-developed areas and guidance of village heat-supply subsidy policies.

关键词： crop straw biomass clean heating rural area villages and towns model cost

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Effects of operating conditions and pre-densification on the torrefaction products of sorghum straw

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 219-225页

作者： Xuanzuo Liu Zonglu Yao Hongbin Cong Lixin Zhao Lili Huo Jinchun Song Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China key laboratory of energy resource utilization from agriculture residue of Ministry of agriculture and Rural Affairs Academy of Agricultural Planning and EngineeringMARABeijing 100125China

The effects of operating conditions and pre-densification on the torrefaction performance parameters and the properties of the torrefied sorghum straw were studied.A full-factor experiment was performed on a fixed tube furnace,in which sorghum straw powder and pellets were heated to 230℃,260℃,280℃ and 300℃ at 2.5℃/min,5℃/min and 7.5℃/min,*** pyrolysis characteristics of the sorghum straw torrefied under various operating conditions were complemented by thermogravimetric *** was observed that the high temperature led to the high calorific value of the torrefied sorghum straw with an acceptable mass and energy *** sorghum straw torrefied at a temperature above 280℃ had a higher heating value(HHV)that was comparable to that of the low rank coal while maintaining its energy yield above 85%.The results suggested that temperature was an important factor determining the properties of the torrefied products,and the heating rate would affect the internal temperature of the torrefied biomass by affecting the heat transfer during the *** energy densification index of the pellets decreased uniformly as the heating rate increased proportionally,indicating that pre-densification can be used as a potential method to solve the heat transfer delay in the fixed reactors at high heating rates,especially for high temperatures.

关键词： torrefaction pre-densification pyrolysis characteristics operating condition sorghum straw heat transfer

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Floatable S-scheme photocatalyst for H_(2)O_(2) production and organic synthesis

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第7期138卷 256-258页

作者： Rongan He Difa Xu Xin Li Hunan key laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis Changsha UniversityChangsha 410022China Institute of Biomass Engineering Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and UtilizationMinistry of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

As an industrial benign oxidant and alternative clean energy carrier for fuel cells,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))becomes the fo-cus of numerous *** H_(2)O_(2) synthesis becomes a sustainable protocol[1,2].However,traditional biphase systems suffer from the agglomeration and recycling difficulty of suspended photocatalysts,as well as sluggish delivery of gas reactants,which induces severe charge recombination and slow reaction kinetics[3].

关键词： synthesis catalyst kinetics

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Investigation and analysis of the linkage mechanism and whole process cost of livestock manure organic fertilizer

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第2期13卷 223-227页

作者： Shanshan Dong Bin Sui Yujun Shen Haibo Meng Lixin Zhao Jingtao Ding Haibin Zhou Xi Zhang Hongsheng Cheng Jian Wang Ran Li Liqiu Song Pengxiang Xu Ji Li Institute of energy and Environmental Protection Academy of Agricultural Planning and EngineeringMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China key laboratory of Technologies and Models for Cyclic utilization from Agricultural resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China key laboratory of energy resource utilization from agriculture Waste Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China College of resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

In recent years,the utilization of manure resources for livestock and poultry farming has attracted a widespread attention,and manure resources utilization models suitable for different regional characteristics have formed *** them,the production of organic fertilizer from animal manure is a vital utilization ***,there are still some problems such as high production costs,difficult sales,and the unwillingness of farmers to use organic fertilizers which have affected the breeding cycle and the sustainability of manure treatment in livestock and poultry *** article selected 371 organic fertilizer plants,related farms and farmers in China,focusing on the main links of the entire process of livestock manure-organic fertilizer-farm application,and studied the mode of animal manure collection by organic fertilizer *** costs of organic fertilizer production and farmland application were ***,suggestions were made for the promotion and implementation of large-scale organic fertilizers to make good utilization of manure resources in livestock and poultry farming.

关键词： livestock manure organic fertilizer compost production cost application cost

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Efficient microwave-assisted production of biofuel ethyl levulinate from corn stover in ethanol medium

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2018年第3期27卷 890-897页

作者： Yuxuan Zhang Xue Wang Tao Hou Huan Liu Lujia Han Weihua Xiao Biomass and Bioresource utilization laboratory College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083.Chino key laboratory of Clean Production and utilization of Renewable energy Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100083China

Levulinate esters are versatile chemicals that have been used in various fields. Herein, the production of ethyl levulinate（EL） from corn stover was investigated under microwave irradiation. Several reaction parameters, including acid concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and liquid-to-solid mass ratio, were investigated to evaluate the reaction conditions. Response surface methodology（RSM） was employed to optimize the reaction conditions for the production of EL. A quadratic polynomial model was fitted to the data with an R2 value of 0.93. The model validation results reflected a good fit between the experimental and predicted values. A high conversion yield（58.1 mol%） was obtained at the optimum conditions of 190℃, 30.4 min, 2.84 wt% acid, and 15 g/g liquid-to-solid mass ratio. Compared with conventional heating, microwave irradiation facilitated the conversion of corn stover to EL by dramatically shortening the reaction time from several hours to ～30 min. Thus, microwave-assisted conversion of corn stover to EL is an efficient way of utilizing a renewable biomass resource.

关键词： Microwave Ethyl levulinate Biomass Corn stover Response surface methodology

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Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived compounds to various amino acids: status and perspectives

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第7期17卷 817-829页

作者： Benjing Xu Jinhang Dai Ziting Du Fukun Li Huan Liu Xingxing Gu Xingmin Wang Ning Li Jun Zhao Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China College of Environment and resources Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China key laboratory of energy resource utilization from agriculture residue Academy of Agricultural Planning and EngineeringMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina

Amino acids are important nitrogen-containing chemicals that have a variety of ***,fermentation is the widely employed method to produce amino acids;however,the products are mostly limited to natural amino acids in the *** synthesis is an alternative approach for the synthesis of amino acids with different types and configurations,where the use of renewable biomass-based feedstocks is highly *** date,several lignocellulose and triacylglycerol-derived intermediates,typicallyα-keto acids andα-hydroxyl acids,have been transformed into amino acids via the amination reaction in the presence of additional nitrogen sources(i.e.,NH3·H2O).Making full use of inherent nitrogen in biomass(i.e.,chitin and protein)to produce amino acids avoids the use of extra nitrogen sources and meets the requirements of green chemistry,which is attracting increasing *** this review,we summarize different chemical-catalytic systems for the transformation of biomass to amino *** outlook on the challenges and opportunities for more effective production of amino acids from biomass by catalytic methods is provided.

关键词： biomass amino acids chitin nitrogen-containing compounds lignocellulose

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Effects of different heating patterns on the decomposition behavior of white pine wood during slow pyrolysis

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第5期11卷 218-223页

作者： Yajun Wang Kang Kang Zonglu Yao Guotao Sun Ling Qiu Lixin Zhao Guan Wang College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China key laboratory of energy resource utilization from Agricultural residues Chinese Academy of Agricultural EngineeringBeijing 100125China Northwest Research Center of Rural Renewable energy Exploitation and utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangling 712100China

This study investigated the effect of different heating rates on the pyrolysis behavior of the white pine wood *** raw materials were tested via two heating patterns with variable heating rates and compared with three other heating patterns with constant heating *** yields and characteristics of products such as char,pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gases under different heating rates were also *** gas,liquid,and solid phase yields of the products via heating with decreasing heating rates were similar to the yields obtained from constant heating rate at 2.3℃/*** pyrolysis process by decreasing heating rates resulted in 30.04% char,44.53% bio-oil,and 25.43% non-condensable gases,which displayed higher char yield and pyrolysis gas than the other heating *** results of thermo-gravimetric analysis showed that variable heating rate significantly changed the weight loss profiles during *** was observed during gas chromatography test that CO and CO_(2) were released earlier than CH_(4) and H_(2).The analysis of the chemical components confirmed that the bio-oil produced by heating process with decreasing rates contains less macromolecular organic matter content than the other patterns.

关键词： pyrolysis variable heating rates constant heating rate product yields

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Monoclinicβ-AgVO_(3) coupled with CdS formed a 1D/1D p-n heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Rare Metals 2023年第5期42卷 1494-1507页

作者： Xuan-Pu Wang Zhi-Liang Jin Xin Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021China Institute of Biomass Engineering Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China

Improving the separation of photogenerated carriers and suppressing the rapid complication of electron-hole pairs are essential ways to improve photocatalytic hydrogen production *** high recombination rate of the photogenerated carriers is an issue encountered when developing CdS as a promising photocatalytic *** work allowed to accelerate the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes by loading monoclinicβ-AgVO_(3)on hexagonal CdS nanorods to construct a one-dimensional(1D)/1D p-n *** introduction of monoclinicβ-AgVO_(3)with a narrow band gap effectively improves the light absorption of CdS,which is conducive to improving the use of visible *** integrated electric field of the p-n heterojunction can effectively transfer electrons and holes in the direction suitable to hydrogen *** photoluminescence and electrochemical characterization of the catalysts showed that the p-n heterojunction formed after loadingβ-AgVO_(3)greatly improved the separation efficiency of *** hydrogen evolution experiments show that the composite catalyst has good photocatalytic hydrogen evolution capability and *** composite catalyst with the best photocatalytic performance was obtained by studyingβ-AgVO_(3)with different *** composite catalyst reached 581.5μmol of hydrogen amount within 5 h,which is 3.8 times higher than that of CdS alone and its apparent quantum efficiency reaches8.02%.The present work provides a possible solution for the development of perovskite and the extensiveness of CdS in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

关键词： Photocatalysis Hydrogen evolution p-n heterojunction AgVO_(3)

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