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Impact of extreme weather and climate events on crop yields in the Tarim River Basin,China

Journal of arid Land 2025年第2期17卷 200-223页

作者： WANG Xiaochen LI Zhi CHEN Yaning ZHU Jianyu WANG Chuan WANG Jiayou ZHANG Xueqi FENG Meiqing LIANG Qixiang State key laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Chifeng Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science Inner MongoliaChifeng 024000China

The Tarim River Basin(TRB)is a vast area with plenty of light and heat and is an important base for grain and cotton production in Northwest *** the context of climate change,however,the increased frequency of extreme weather and climate events is having numerous negative impacts on the region's agricultural *** better understand how unfavorable climatic conditions affect crop production,we explored the relationship of extreme weather and climate events with crop yields and *** this research,ten indicators of extreme weather and climate events(consecutive dry days(CDD),min Tmax(TXn),max Tmin(TNx),tropical nights(TR),warm days(Tx90p),warm nights(Tn90p),summer days(SU),frost days(FD),very wet days(R95p),and windy days(WD))were selected to analyze the impact of spatial and temporal variations on the yields of major crops(wheat,maize,and cotton)in the TRB from 1990 to *** three key findings of this research were as follows:extreme temperatures in southwestern TRB showed an increasing trend,with higher extreme temperatures at night,while the occurrence of extreme weather and climate events in northeastern TRB was relatively *** number of FD was on the rise,while WD also increased in recent *** yields were higher in the northeast compared with the southwest,and wheat,maize,and cotton yields generally showed an increasing trend despite an earlier *** correlation of extreme weather and climate events on crop yields can be categorized as extreme nighttime temperature indices(TNx,Tn90p,TR,and FD),extreme daytime temperature indices(TXn,Tx90p,and SU),extreme precipitation indices(CDD and R95p),and extreme wind(WD).By using Random Forest(RF)approach to determine the effects of different extreme weather and climate events on the yields of different crops,we found that the importance of extreme precipitation indices(CDD and R95p)to crop yield decreased significantly over *** well,we found that the importance of the extreme night

关键词： extreme events extreme nighttime heat Tarim River Basin crop yield random forest model wheat maize cotton phenology

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Effects of bamboo invasion on forest structures and diameter–height allometries

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 38-45页

作者： Ming Ouyang Anwar Eziz Shuli Xiao Wenjing Fang Qiong Cai Suhui Ma Jiangling Zhu Qingpei Yang Jinming Hu Zhiyao Tang Jingyun Fang School of Ecology and Environmental Science and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of SouthwestYunnan UniversityKunmingChina Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina State key laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiChina Jiangxi Provincial key laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization and College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina

Forest structure is fundamental in determining ecosystem function,yet the impact of bamboo invasion on these structural characteristics remains *** investigated 219 invasion transects at 41 sites across the distribution areas of Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)in China to explore the effects of bamboo invasion on forest structural attributes and diameter–height allometries by comparing paired plots of bamboo,mixed bamboo-tree,and non-bamboo forests along the *** found that bamboo invasion decreased the mean and maximum diameter at breast height,maximum height,and total basal area,but increased the mean height,stem density,and scaling exponent for *** also had a higher scaling exponent than tree,particularly in mixed forests,suggesting a greater allocation of biomass to height *** invasion intensity increased,bamboo allometry became more plastic and decreased significantly,whereas tree allometry was indirectly promoted by increasing stem ***,a humid climate may favour the scaling exponents for both bamboo and tree,with only minor contributions from topsoil moisture and nitrogen *** inherent superiority of diameter–height allometry allows bamboo to outcompete tree and contributes to its invasive *** findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the causes and consequences of bamboo invasion.

关键词： Moso bamboo Forest structure Stand density DBHHeight allometry Scaling exponent Wetness index

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Spatial Patterns and Controlling Factors of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in the Three River Headwaters Region,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2025年第1期35卷 131-148页

作者： CUI Qiao LI Zongxing FENG Qi ZHANG Baijuan ZHAO Yue Observation and Research Station of Eco-Hydrology and National Park by Stable Isotope Tracing in Qilian Mountains/key laboratory of ecological safety and sustainable development in arid lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

The alpine ecosystem has great potential for carbon *** organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)are highly sensitive to climate change,and their dynamics are crucial to revealing the effect of climate change on the structure,function,and services of the ***,the spatial distribution and controlling factors of SOC and TN across various soil layers and vegetation types within this unique ecosystem remain inadequately *** this study,256 soil samples in 89 sites were collected from the Three River Headwaters Region(TRHR)in China to investigate SOC and TN and to explore the primary factors affecting their distribution,including soil,vegetation,climate,and geography *** results show that SOC and TN contents in 0-20,20-40,40-60,and 60-80 cm soil layers are 24.40,18.03,14.04,12.40 g/kg and 2.46,1.90,1.51,1.17 g/kg,respectively;with higher concentrations observed in the southeastern region compared to the northwest of the ***-way analysis of variance reveals that SOC and TN levels are elevated in the alpine meadow and the alpine shrub relative to the alpine steppe in the 0-60 cm soil *** structural equation model explores that soil water content is the main controlling factor affecting the variation of SOC and ***,the geography,climate,and vegetation factors notably indirectly affect SOC and TN through soil ***,it can effectively improve soil water and nutrient conditions through vegetation restoration,soil improvement,and grazing management,and the change of SOC and TN can be fully understood by establishing monitoring networks to better protect soil carbon and nitrogen.

关键词： controlling factors different soil layers soil organic carbon(SOC) soil total nitrogen(TN) alpine ecosystem the Three River Headwaters Region(TRHR),China

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ecological security pattern construction using landscape ecological quality:A case study of Yanchi County,northern China

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Journal of arid Land 2025年第1期17卷 19-42页

作者： LI Junhao WANG Ya SHI Gui PEI Xiaodong ZHANG Cong ZHOU Lihua YANG Guojing key laboratory of ecological safety and sustainable development in arid lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institutes of Science and development Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

ecological security patterns are paramount to the advancement of an ecological civilization in China,aiming to enhance the stability and service functions of ecosystems to achieve sustainable regional ***,current regional ecological protection efforts have not been effectively integrated into the regional development planning of ecological security *** study systematically assessed the effectiveness of ecological protection projects in Yanchi County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,through the evaluation of landscape ecological *** on the evaluation results of landscape ecological quality,this study used morphological pattern analysis(MSPA),minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model,and gravity model together to construct the ecological security pattern of Yanchi *** findings revealed that from 1990 to 2020,with the implementation of ecological protection projects started from 2000,the landscape stability of Yanchi County first decreased and then increased,and the intensity of landscape disturbance first intensified but then decreased,indicating an improvement in the landscape ecological quality and a significant enhancement of the ecological environment in Yanchi *** ecological security pattern of Yanchi County consisted of 10 ecological sources,10 ecological source points,23 ecological corridors,and 27 ecological *** ecological security pattern of Yanchi County exhibited distinct spatial variations,with stronger ecological security observed in the southern part than in northern part of the *** ecological sources were denser in the southern part than in the northern part of the county,and accordingly,the length of ecological corridors was shorter and denser in the southern than that in the northern part of the *** on the spatial distribution of landscape ecological quality and the characteristics of ecological security pattern of Yanchi County in 2020,we suggested Yanchi County to build four zon

关键词： landscape ecological quality landscape stability landscape disturbance ecological network ecological source ecological corridor farming-pastoral area

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Effects of biological soil crusts on plant growth and nutrient dynamics in the Minqin oasis-desert ecotone,Northwest China

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Journal of arid Land 2025年第1期17卷 130-143页

作者： KANG Jianjun YANG Fan ZHANG Dongmei DING Liang key laboratory of ecological safety and sustainable development in arid lands Linze Inland River Basin Research StationChinese Ecosystem Research NetworkNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem Gansu Desert Control Research InstituteLanzhou 730070China Zhangye Agricultural and Rural Bureau Zhangye 734000China

Biological soil crusts(BSCs)play crucial roles in improving soil fertility and promoting plants settlement and reproduction in arid ***,the specific effects of BSCs on growth status and nutrient accumulation of plants are still unclear in different arid *** study analyzed the effects of three different BSCs treatments(without crust(WC),intact crust(IC),and broken crust(BC))on the growth,inorganic nutrient absorption,and organic solute synthesis of three typical desert plants(Grubovia dasyphylla(Fisch.&***.)Freitag&***,Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov,and Caragana koraiensis Kom.)in the Minqin desert-oasis ecotone of Northwest *** showed that the effects of three BSCs treatments on seed emergence and survival of three plants varied with seed *** IC treatment significantly hindered the emergence and survival of seeds,while the BC treatment was more conducive to seed emergence and survival of *** significantly promoted the growth of three plants,but their effects on plant growth varied at different stages of the ***,the growth of *** was affected by BSCs in early stage,but the effects on the growth of *** significantly weakened in the middle and late ***,the growth of *** and *** only showed differences at the middle and late stages,with a significant enhancement in *** of variance showed that BSCs,plant species,growth period,and their interactions had significant effects on the biomass and root:shoot ratio of three *** significantly affected the nutrients absorption and organic solute synthesis in ***,BSCs significantly promoted nitrogen(N)absorption in plants and increased plant adaptability in N poor desert ecosystems,but had no significant effects on phosphorus(P)*** effects of BSCs on inorganic nutrient absorption and organic solute synthesis in plants varied significantly among different plant *** results su

关键词： biological soil crusts(BSCs) desert oasis desert plants growth nutrient accumulation

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Future soil moisture will slowdown the advancement of ecosystem productivity in the Northern Hemisphere

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 347-350页

作者： Zhi Li Yongchang Liu Yaning Chen Lei Gao Wenping Yuan Brett A.Bryan Bin He Weili Duan Gonghuan Fang Yupeng Li Xueqi Zhang State key laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) UrrbraeSA 5064Australia School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 510245China Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityBurwoodVIC 3125Australia State key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Gross primary productivity(GPP)is a crucial metric when quantifying the amount of CO_(2)sequestered by plants during *** large terrestrial carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere is primarily attributed to elevated GPP... 详细信息

关键词： soil moisture attributed

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Spatiotemporal variations of tenebrionid beetles(Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae)in the Gobi desert,Northwest China

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Journal of arid Land 2025年第1期17卷 112-129页

作者： REN Jialong ZHAO Wenzhi HE Zhibin WANG Yongzhen FENG Yilin NIU Yiping XIN Weidong PAN Chengchen LIU Jiliang College of Geographic Sciences Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030031China key laboratory of ecological safety and sustainable development in arid lands Linze Inland River Basin Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610213China Plant Protection Institute Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBaoding 071002China

Tenebrionid beetles represent a crucial arthropod taxon in the Gobi desert ecosystems owing to their species richness and high biomass,both of which are essential for maintaining ecosystem health and ***,the spatiotemporal variations of tenebrionid beetle assemblages in the Gobi desert remain poorly *** this study,the monthly dynamics of tenebrionid beetles in the central part of the Hexi Corridor,Northwest China,a representative area of the Gobi desert ecosystems,were monitored using pitfall trapping during *** following results were showed:(1)monthly activity of tenebrionid beetles was observed from March to October,with monthly activity peaking in spring and summer,and monthly activity periods and peak of tenebrionid beetle species exhibited interspecific differences that varied from year to year;(2)spatial distribution of tenebrionid beetle community was influenced by structural ***,at a spatial scale of 24.00 m,tenebrionid beetle community was strongly and positively correlated with the dominant species,with distinct spatial distribution patterns observed for Blaps gobiensis and Microdera kraatzi alashanica;(3)abundance of tenebrionid beetles was positively correlated with monthly mean precipitation and monthly mean temperature,whereas monthly abundance of *** and *** alashanica was positively correlated with monthly mean precipitation;and(4)the cover of Reaumuria soongarica(Pall.)*** Nitraria sphaerocarpa *** a positive influence on the number of tenebrionid beetles *** conclusion,monthly variation in precipitation significantly influences the community dynamic of tenebrionid beetles,with precipitation and shrub cover jointly determining the spatial distribution pattern of these beetles in the Gobi desert ecosystems.

关键词： Gobi desert precipitation change tenebrionid beetles temporal dynamics spatial pattern

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Exogenous Alpha-Ketoglutarate(AKG)Modulate Physiological Characteristics,Photosynthesis,Secondary Metabolism and Antioxidant Defense System in Peganum Harmala *** Nickel Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 137-155页

作者： Marwa Rezgui Wided Ben Ammar Muhammad Nazim Walid Soufan Chiraz Chaffei Haouari Department of Biology University of Tunis El ManarLaboratory of Vegetable Productivity and Environmental ConstraintsFaculty of Sciences of Tunis(LR18ES04)University of Tunis El Manar(UTM)Tunis1060Tunisia State key laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Plant Production Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Nickel(Ni)toxicity significantly impairs plant growth,photosynthesis,and metabolism by inducing oxidative *** study evaluates the potential of exogenous Alpha-Ketoglutarate(AKG)in mitigating Ni-induced stress in Peganum harmala *** were exposed to 0,200,500,and 750μM NiCl2,with or without AKG *** 750μM Ni stress,dry weight(DW)decreased by 33.7%,tissue water content(TWC)by 39.9%,and chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll levels were reduced by 17%and 15%,*** exposure also significantly increased secondary metabolite production,with leaf anthocyanin content rising by 131%,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities increasing by 228%and 53%,respectively,in roots at 500μM *** treatment alleviated Ni toxicity by enhancing TWC by 39%and promoting root and shoot ***,AKG treatment boosted the synthesis of phenolic compounds and flavonoids,contributing to improved tolerance against Ni *** findings demonstrate the potential of AKG in enhancing Ni tolerance in ***,suggesting its promising role in bioremediation of metal-contaminated *** is the first study to report the beneficial effects of exogenous AKG in alleviating nickel toxicity in *** L.,offering a new approach for improving plant resilience to heavy metal stress.

关键词： Alpha-ketoglutarate antioxidative enzymes oxidative stress Peganum harmala nickel

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Biochar as a Climate-Smart Agricultural Practice: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Promoting sustainable Farming

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 65-99页

作者： Muhammad Nazim Abdul Ghafoor Abida Hussain Mehwish Tabassum Aamir Nawaz Muhammad Ahmad Murad Muhammad Muqarrab Ali State key laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Center for Water and Environmental Studies College of Agricultural and Food SciencesKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Climate Change Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesMuhammad Nawaz Shareef University of AgricultureMultan66000Pakistan Department of Botany Division of Science and Technology University of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Chemical and Biological SciencesThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad38040Pakistan

In recent years, the world has faced rising global temperatures, accumulative pollution, and energy crises, stimulating scientists worldwide to strive for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. Biochar has materialized as a favorable tool for environmental remediation, indicating efficacy as an efficient sorbent substance for both inorganic and organic pollutants in environmental field. These unique properties exclude improved surface functionality, porous morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC), robust adsorption capabilities, environmental stability, and embedded micronutrients. Biochar exhibited potential characteristics for environmental oversight, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, and soil fertility improvement. This review explores the impact of fundamental factors such as retention time, pyrolysis temperature, gas flow rate, and reactor design on biochar yield and properties. Collected data revealed the various applications of biochar, ranging from waste management and construction materials to the adsorptive removal of hydrocarbon lubricants from aqueous media, contaminant immobilization, and carbon sequestration. It has played mostly a significant share in climate change mitigation and an important role in soil amendments. Biochar improves soil improvement by increasing water retention (10%–30%), carbon sequestration, soil surface functionality, and providing high surface area with chemical stability. The assessment also reports the prospects and contests associated with biochar application uses in various agriculture cropping ecosystems. Inclusive, this review highlights the multifaceted characteristics of biochar as an adjustable on top of a sustainable solution addressing greenhouse gas emission, carbon sequestration, and environmental stresses. However, further research is needed to understand its long-term impacts and optimal applications fully.

关键词： Agro-ecology biochar carbon storage greenhouse gas reduction sustainable agriculture

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Spatiotemporal variation and influencing factors of desertification sensitivity on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China

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Journal of arid Land 2025年第1期17卷 58-73页

作者： PAN Meihui CHEN Qing LI Chenlu LI Na GONG Yifu College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China key laboratory of Resource Environment and sustainable development of Oasis Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Due to irrational human activities and extreme climate,the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China,faces a serious threat of *** has a detrimental effect on the ecological environment and socioeconomic *** this study,the desertification sensitivity index(DSI)model was established by integrating the spatial distance model and environmentally sensitive area index evaluation method,and then the model was used to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of desertification sensitivity of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 1990 to *** results revealed that:(1)a general increasing tendency from southeast to northwest was identified in the spatial distribution of desertification *** low-sensitivity areas were mostly concentrated in the Hengduan and Nyaingqêntanglha mountains and surrounding forest and meadow *** high-sensitivity areas were located mainly in the Kunlun and Altun mountains and surrounding decertified *** center of gravity of all types of desertification-sensitive areas moved to the northwest,and the desertification sensitivity showed a decreasing trend as a whole;(2)the area of highly sensitive desertification areas decreased by 8.37%,with extreme sensitivity being the largest change among the sensitivity *** desertification sensitivity transfer was characterized by a greater shift to lower sensitivity levels(24.56%)than to higher levels(2.03%),which demonstrated a declining trend;(3)since 1990,the change in desertification sensitivity has been dominated by the stabilizing type Ⅰ(29.30%),with the area of continuously increasing desertification sensitivity accounting for only 1.10%,indicating that the management of desertification has achieved positive results in recent years;and(4)natural factors have had a more significant impact on desertification sensitivity on the Xizang Plateau,whereas socioeconomic factors affected only localized *** main factors influencing deserti

关键词： desertification sensitivity geodetector gravity center transfer model spatiotemporal change Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

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