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The Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Cloud Types and Phases in the Arctic Based on CloudSat and CALIPSO Cloud Classification Products

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 310-324页

作者： Yue SUN Huiling YANG Hui XIAO Liang FENG Wei CHENG Libo ZHOU Weixi SHU Jingzhe SUN key laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Severe Storms(LACS) and Department of Lower Atmospheric Observation Research(LAOR)Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Beijing 100049China Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology Beijing 100029China

The cloud type product 2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR based on CloudSat and CALIPSO from June 2006 to May 2017 is used to examine the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and interannual variability of eight cloud types(high cloud, altostratus, altocumulus, stratus, stratocumulus, cumulus, nimbostratus, and deep convection) and three phases(ice,mixed, and water) in the Arctic. Possible reasons for the observed interannual variability are also discussed. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) More water clouds occur on the Atlantic side, and more ice clouds occur over continents.(2)The average spatial and seasonal distributions of cloud types show three patterns: high clouds and most cumuliform clouds are concentrated in low-latitude locations and peak in summer;altostratus and nimbostratus are concentrated over and around continents and are less abundant in summer;stratocumulus and stratus are concentrated near the inner Arctic and peak during spring and autumn.(3) Regional averaged interannual frequencies of ice clouds and altostratus clouds significantly decrease, while those of water clouds, altocumulus, and cumulus clouds increase significantly.(4) Significant features of the linear trends of cloud frequencies are mainly located over ocean areas.(5) The monthly water cloud frequency anomalies are positively correlated with air temperature in most of the troposphere, while those for ice clouds are negatively correlated.(6) The decrease in altostratus clouds is associated with the weakening of the Arctic front due to Arctic warming, while increased water vapor transport into the Arctic and higher atmospheric instability lead to more cumulus and altocumulus clouds.

关键词： CloudSat and CALIPSO cloud type cloud phase temporal and spatial distribution interannual variation

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Spatial continuous modeling of early Cenozoic carbon cycle and climate

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 30-32页

作者： Yonggang Liu Jian Zhang Haoyue Zuo Zhilin He Jiaqi Guo Qifan Lin Haonan Yu Jiawenjing Lan Jing Han Zhihong Song Zihan Yin Liang Zhao Yongyun Hu Zhengtang Guo laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences State key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The partial pressure of atmospheric CO2（pCO2） is determined by the carbon cycle that involves climate, biogeochemistry, and plate tectonics. In this cycle,atmospheric CO2is converted into organic carbon and carbonates by biological activities and silicate weathering, and buried as sediments. The sediments on the ocean floor are subducted into the earth’s interior, and subsequently converted back into CO2and outgassed into the atmosphere.

关键词： ATMOSPHERIC CO2

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A progress review of black carbon deposition on Arctic snow and ice and its impact on climate change

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第2期35卷 178-191页

作者： ZHANG Zilu ZHOU Libo ZHANG Meigen Department of Lower Atmosphere Observation Research(LAOR) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of earth and planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The rapid warming of the Arctic,accompanied by glacier and sea ice melt,has significant consequences for the earth’s climate,ecosystems,and *** carbon(BC)deposition on snow and ice can trigger a significant reduction in snow albedo and accelerate melting of snow and ice in the *** reviewing the published literatures over the past decades,this work provides an overview of the progress in both the measurement and modeling of BC deposition and its impact on Arctic climate *** summary,the maximum value of BC deposition appears in the western Russian Arctic(26 ng·g^(–1)),and the minimum value appears in Greenland(3 ng·g^(–1)).BC records in the Arctic ice core already peaked in 1920s and 1970s,and shows a regional difference between Greenland and Canadian *** different temporal variations of Arctic BC ice core records in different regions are closely related to the large variability of BC emissions and transportation processes across the Arctic *** simulations usually underestimate the concentration of BC in snow and ice by 2–3 times,and cannot accurately reflect the seasonal and regional changes in BC *** deposition is the main removal mechanism of BC in the Arctic,and observations show different seasonal variations in BC wet deposition in Ny-Ålesund and *** discrepancy may result from varying contributions of anthropogenic and biomass burning(BB)emissions,given the strong influence by BC from BB emissions at *** BC deposition significantly influences regional climate change in the Arctic,increasing fire activities in the Arctic have made BB source of Arctic BC more *** average,BC in Arctic snow and ice causes an increase of+0.17 W·m^(–2)in radiative forcing and 8 Gt·a^(–1)in runoff in *** stressed in the latest Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme report,reliable source information and long-term and high-resolution observations on Arctic BC deposition will be crucial for a more comp

关键词： Arctic climate black carbon albedo snow deposition

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Seismicity changes and numerical simulation of coseismic deformation following the 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake in Sichuan, China

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Qiu MENG Zitao WANG Huai ZHANG key laboratory of Computational Geodynamics of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake Administration Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong laboratory (Zhuhai) Beijing Yanshan earth Critical Zone National Research Station

The Xianshuihe fault is a major tectonic boundary between the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic and Bayanhar blocks in Southwest *** an average left-lateral strike-slip movement of 10–15 mm/yr, it is a fast-moving strike-slip continental fault. On September 5, 2022, the Ms6.8 Luding earthquake occurred along the Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault, reaching a maximum intensity of IX and resulting in a significant number of casualties and severe property damage. This earthquake broke the long-standing seismic quiescence of the Xianshuihe fault, which lasted for more than 40 years, and was followed by a significant number of aftershocks. An outstanding question is how the behavior of the Xianshuihe fault and major earthquakes changed following this mainshock. In this study, we examined the changes in regional seismicity following the Luding earthquake and identified the potential for future strong earthquakes along the Xianshuihe fault. We used a finite element numerical method to simulate the environment of the seismogenic fault and its adjacent areas. In addition, we used the coseismic slip model of the Luding earthquake with the split-node method to calculate how the stress and strain fields in the surrounding area were affected by the2022 mainshock. Coulomb stress changes were resolved in the main faults, and the seismicity of adjacent faults was analyzed in conjunction with the observed seismic data. The results indicate that regional tectonic movement primarily occurred to the southeast along the Moxi segment. The stress field is approximately north-south in tension and east-west in *** in the stress field in the epicentral region of the Luding earthquake exceeded 1 MPa. The maximum displacement of the coseismic deformation field was concentrated between Moxi town and Tuanjie village, and the Coulomb stress of the fault zone in this region experienced the largest decrease. However, the b-value of the Gutenberg-Richter magnitude-frequency relations

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Assessment of soil total phosphorus storage in a complex topography along China's southeast coast based on multiple mapping scales

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 236-251页

作者： Zhongxing CHEN Jing LI Kai HUANG Miaomiao WEN Qianlai ZHUANG Licheng LIU Peng ZHU Zhenong JIN Shihe XING Liming ZHANG Fujian Provincial key laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Plant Protection Station Nanjing 530022China Department of earth Atmosphericand Planetary SciencesPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette IN47907US Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesSaint Paul MN 55108USA Department of Geography The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Soil phosphorus (P) plays a vital role in both ecological and agricultural ecosystems, where total P (TP) in soil serves as a crucial indicator of soil fertility and quality. Most of the studies covered in the literature employ a single or narrow range of soil databases, which largely overlooks the impact of utilizing multiple mapping scales in estimating soil TP, especially in hilly topographies. In this study, Fujian Province, a subtropical hilly region along China’s southeast coast covered by a complex topographic environment, was taken as a case study. The influence of the mapping scale on soil TP storage (TPS)estimation was analyzed using six digital soil databases that were derived from 3 082 unique soil profiles at different mapping scales, i.e., 1:50 000 (S5),1:200 000 (S20), 1:500 000 (S50), 1:1 000 000 (S100), 1:4 000 000 (S400), and 1:10 000 000 (S1000). The regional TPS in the surface soil (0–20 cm) based on the S5, S20, S50, S100, S400, and S1000 soil maps was 20.72, 22.17, 23.06, 23.05, 22.04, and 23.48 Tg, respectively, and the corresponding TPS at0–100 cm soil depth was 80.98, 80.71, 85.00, 84.03, 82.96, and 86.72 Tg, respectively. By comparing soil TPS in the S20 to S1000 maps to that in the S5map, the relative deviations were 6.37%–13.32%for 0–20 cm and 0.33%–7.09%for 0–100 cm. Moreover, since the S20 map had the lowest relative deviation among different mapping scales as compared to S5, it could provide additional soil information and a richer soil environment than other smaller mapping scales. Our results also revealed that many uncertainties in soil TPS estimation originated from the lack of detailed soil information, i.e., representation and spatial variations among different soil types. From the time and labor perspectives, our work provides useful guidelines to identify the appropriate mapping scale for estimating regional soil TPS in areas like Fujian Province in subtropical China or other places with similar complex topographies. Moreover,

关键词： agricultural management appropriate mapping scale digitized conventional soil map estimation uncertainty subtropical hilly region

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Growth of nitrate contribution to aerosol pollution during wintertime in Xi'an,northwest China:Formation mechanism and effects of NH_(3)

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 303-315页

作者： Hui Su Ting Zhang Suixin Liu Yao Qu Huan Li Jiamao Zhou Zhuzi Zhao Qiyuan Wang Lu Li Minxia Shen Shuoyuan Chen Steven Sai Hang Ho Junji Cao State key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology.key laboratory ofAerosol Chemistry and Plhysics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Acadery of SciencesXi'an 710061China Xi'an Institute for Innovative earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China National pbservation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Cornprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi'an 710061China Shaanxi key laboratory of Atmospheric and Haze fog Pollution Prevention Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteReno NV89512United States Institute of Atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

With the strengthened controls on SO2 emissions and extensive increases in motor vehicles'exhaust,aerosol pollution shifts from sulfate-rich to nitrate-rich in recent years in Xi'an,*** further gain insights into the factors on nitrate formation and efficiently mitigate air pollution,highly time-resolved observations of water-soluble inorganic ions(WSIIs)in PM_(2.5) were measured in a suburban area of Xi'an,China during *** concentration of total WSIIs is 39.8μg m-3 on average,accounting for 50.3%of PM_(2.5) *** contrast to a slight decrease in the mass fraction of SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)-shows a sig-nificant increase of the PM_(2.5) contribution with the aggravation of aerosol *** suggests the importance of NO_(3)-formation to haze ***,homogeneous reactions govern the formation of NO_(3)-,while alkali metals such as calcium and sodium play an additional role in retaining NO_(3)-in PM_(2.5) during clean ***,the heterogeneous hydrolysis reaction contributed more to NO_(3)-formation during the pollution periods under high relative *** investigation reveals that temperature,relative humidity,oxidant,and ammonia emissions facilitate rapid NO_(3)-*** the random forest(RF)model,NO_(3)-concentrations were successfully simulated with measured variables for the training and testing datasets(R2>0.95).Among these variables,CO,NH_(3),and NO_(2) were found to be the main factors affecting the NO_(3)-*** with the period without vehicle re-striction,the contributions of NO_(3)-and NH4+to PM_(2.5) mass decreased by 5.3%and 3.4%in traffic re-striction periods,*** vehicle restriction leads to the decreases of precursor gases of NO_(2),SO_(2),and NH_(3) by 12.8%,5.9%,and 27.6%,*** results demonstrate collaborative emission reduction of NO_(x) and NH_(3) by vehicle restrictions,and using new energy vehicles(or electric vehicles)can effectively alleviate particul

关键词： PM_(2.5) Water-soluble inorganic ions Nitrate formation Excess ammonium Vehicle restrictions

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Electrostatically connected nanoarchitected electrocatalytic films for boosted water splitting

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1114-1122页

作者： Chao-Peng Wang Hao Sun Gang Bian Jia-Xi Wang Xixi Pang Guoqi Wang Jian Zhu Xian-He Bu School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Tianjin key laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Tianjin key laboratory for Rare earth Materials and Applications Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Active sites of two-dimensional(2D)electrocatalysts are often partially blocked owing to their inevitable stacking and hydrophobic polymeric binders in macroscale electrodes,therefore impeding their applications in efficient ***,using layered double hydroxide(LDH)nanosheets as a model 2D electrocatalyst,we demonstrate that their performance toward water splitting can be boosted when they are electrostatically assembled into an organized structure pillared by hydrophilic polyelectrolytes or nanoparticles in a layer-by-layer(LbL)*** particular,their mass activity on a planar electrode can be as large as 2.267 mA·μg^(-1) toward oxygen evolution reaction(OER),when NiFe-LDH nanosheets are electrostatically connected by poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)(PSS),while drop-casted NiFe-LDH nanosheets only have a mass activity of 0.116 mA·μg^(-1).In addition,these homogeneous NiFe-LDH nanofilms can be easily deposited on three-dimensional(3D)surfaces with high areas,such as carbon cloths,to serve as practical electrodes with overpotentials of 328 mV at a current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2),and stability for 40 ***,Pt nanoparticles can be LbL assembled with NiFe-LDH as bifunctional electrodes for synergistically boosted oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions(HER),leading to successful overall water splitting powered by a 1.5 V *** study heralds the spatial control of 2D nanomaterials in nanoscale precision as an efficient strategy for the design of advanced electrocatalysts.

关键词： layer-by-layer(LbL)assembly layered double hydroxides(LDH) two-dimensional(2D)electrocatalysts oxygen evolution reaction(OER) water splitting

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Response of warm season secondary pollutants to emissions and meteorology in the North China Plain region during 2018-2022

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第4期17卷 58-64页

作者： Yueqi Gao Siyu Wang Zhaolei Zhang Wenxuan Yu Shuai Wang Shengqiang Zhu Peng Wang Yan Li Yele Sun Hongliang Zhang Shanghai key laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science&EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Shanghai key laboratory of Ocean-land-atmosphere Boundary Dynamics and Climate Change ShanghaiChina IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina State key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of earth and planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Institute of Eco-Chongming ShanghaiChina

自2013年起中国空气质量虽改善,但华北平原(NCP)重污染仍存在且二次污染加剧,而人们对其成因和变化了解有限.本研究利用2018-2022年数据,借助CMAQ模型探讨此污染响应.结果显示,在2018-2022年间,PM_(2.5)浓度显著下降31%-37%,O_(3)和NO_... 详细信息

自2013年起中国空气质量虽改善,但华北平原(NCP)重污染仍存在且二次污染加剧,而人们对其成因和变化了解有限.本研究利用2018-2022年数据,借助CMAQ模型探讨此污染响应.结果显示,在2018-2022年间,PM_(2.5)浓度显著下降31%-37%,O_(3)和NO_(2)的年下降速率分别为1%和0.5%SIA和SOA也显著减少,每年分别减少9%和6%PM_(2.5)主要因排放减少而下降,而O_(3)则受气象影响而波动.硫酸盐和铵下降的主因是减排,而硝酸盐对气象变化敏感排放和气象变化对SOA的总体减少同样重要,但人为SOA对排放控制敏感生物SOA易受气象变化影响.研究强调了控制人为排放对缓解NCP地区夏季二次污染的重要性.

关键词： PM_(2.5) 二次污染物人为排放气象华北平原

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Simultaneous detection of flare-associated kink oscillations and extreme-ultraviolet waves

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1592-1601页

作者： LI Dong HOU ZhenYong BAI XianYong LI Chuan FANG Matthew ZHAO HaiSheng WANG JinCheng NING ZongJun key laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210023China Yunnan key laboratory of the Solar physics and Space Science Kunming650216China School of earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China key laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics Ministry of EducationNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Columbus Academy GahannaOhio43230USA key laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650216China

Kink oscillations,which are frequently observed in coronal loops and prominences,are often accompanied by extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)***,much more needs to be explored regarding the causal relationships between kink oscillations and EUV *** this article,we report the simultaneous detection of kink oscillations and EUV waves that are both associated with an X2.1 flare on 2023 March 03(SOL2023-03-03T17:39).The kink oscillations,which are almost perpendicular to the axes of loop-like structures,are observed in three coronal loops and one *** short loop shows in-phase oscillation within the same period of 5.2 min at three *** oscillation could be triggered by the pushing of an expanding loop and interpreted as the standing kink *** lags are found between the kink oscillations of the short loop and two long loops,suggesting that the kink wave travels in different *** kink oscillations of one long loop and the prominence are possibly driven by the disturbance of the coronal mass ejection(CME),and that of another long loop might be attributed to the interaction of the EUV *** onset time of the kink oscillation of the short loop is nearly same as the beginning of an EUV *** fact demonstrates that they are almost *** EUV wave is most likely excited by the expanding loop structure and shows two *** leading component is a fast coronal wave,and the trailing one could be due to the stretching magnetic field lines.

关键词： coronal loops solar flares solar prominence solar oscillations extreme-ultraviolet wave magnetohydrodynamic

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A rapid assessment of MWRI-RM/FY3G brightness temperature

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期17卷 42-46页

作者： Wenying He Xinran Xia Shengli Wu Peng Zhang Hongbin Chen Xiang'ao Xia Yuquan Zhou Miao Cai LAGEO Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Hydrology and Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina National Satellite Meteorological Centure Chinese Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina College of earth and planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina key laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation physics and Weather Modification CMABeijingChina

2023年4月发射的FY-3G上搭载17个频率的测雨微波成像仪(MWRI-RM),其业务定标的微波亮温(Tb)数据于2023年10月23日公开发布.本文比对了发布10天的MWRI-RM与全球降水测量(GPM)卫星上的微波成像仪(GMI)相匹配的Tb数据,并借助辐射传输模式... 详细信息

2023年4月发射的FY-3G上搭载17个频率的测雨微波成像仪(MWRI-RM),其业务定标的微波亮温(Tb)数据于2023年10月23日公开发布.本文比对了发布10天的MWRI-RM与全球降水测量(GPM)卫星上的微波成像仪(GMI)相匹配的Tb数据,并借助辐射传输模式进行双差分(DD)交叉定标分析,旨在快速评估新一代MWRI-RM观测数据质量.观测比较表明,MWR1-RM与GMI测量的Tb一致性很好,大多通道的平均偏差(MBE)和均方根误差(RMSE)均小于1K.两种传感器由于观测角度略有不同在水面产生约0.5 K差异.DD分析也展示出MWRI-RM的大多数通道性能与GMI相当接近,尤其是首次启用的高频166 GHz和183 GHz.

关键词： FY3G MWRI-RM GMI 亮度温度双差分方法

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