检索结果-南通市图书馆

Journal of genetics and Genomics 2015年第12期42卷 699-702页

作者： Chuandeng Yi Mingsen Wang Wei Jiang Derong Wang Yong Zhou Zhiyun Gong Guohua Liang Minghong Gu jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Yangzhou University

The centromere of eukaryotic chromosomes is the crucial locus responsible for sister chromatid cohesion and for correct segregation of chromosomes to daughter cells during cell division. In the structural genomics era, centromeres represent the last frontiers of higher eukaryotic genomes because of their densely methylated, highly repetitive and, heterochromatic DNA （Hall et al., 2004）. Although these functions are conserved among all eukaryotes, centromeric DNA sequences are evolving rapidly （Jiang et al., 2003）.

关键词： FISH BAC Isolation and Identification of a Functional Centromere Element in the Wild Rice Species Oryza granulata with the GG Genome

Development and characterization of synthetic amphiploids of Oryza sativa and Oryza latifolia

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science Bulletin 2015年第23期60卷 2059-2062页

作者： Chuandeng Yi Mingsen Wang Wei Jiang Derong Wang Xiaojun Cheng Ying Wang Yong Zhou Guohua Liang Minghong Gu jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Yangzhou University

Oryza sativa and Oryza latifolia belong to the AA and CCDD genomes of Oryza, respectively. In this study, amphiploids were obtained from the tube seedlings of O. sativa × O. latifolia F1 hybrids by treatment with colchicine, an agent for chromosome doubling. Subse- quently, amphiploids were investigated using the methods of morphology, genomic in situ hybridization, and molec- ular markers. Amphiploids were characterized by a shorter plant height, larger diameter of stem, longer and wider leaves, darker leaf color, decreased spikelets per panicle and panicle length, and larger spikelets and anthers than the original F1 hybrid. Based on the mitotic metaphase chro- mosome number of the investigated root tips, the somatic chromosome number of the amphiploid is 2n = 72. Additionally, the amphiploid is an allohexaploid, and its genomic constitution is AACCDD by genomic in situ hybridization analysis. Finally, the amphiploids were identified to be true using 37 polymorphic markers at the DNA level.

关键词： Oryza sativa · Oryza latifolia· colchicine · Amphiploid · Genomic in situhybridization

Serotonin enrichment of rice endosperm by metabolic engineering

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The crop Journal 2023年第6期11卷 1943-1948页

作者： Qingqing Yang Yan Tan Ying Ye Dongsheng Zhao Qiaoquan Liu key laboratory of crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding of jiangsu province/Zhongshan Biological Breeding laboratory/key laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education College of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina jiangsu co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops/jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina

In animals,serotonin is a neurotransmitter and mood *** plants,serotonin functions in energy acquisition,tissue maintenance,delay of senescence,and response to biotic and abiotic *** this study,we examined the effect of serotonin enrichment of rice endosperm on plant growth,endosperm development,and grain *** do so,TDCs and T5H were selected as targets for serotonin *** of TDC1 or TDC3 increased serotonin accumulation relative to overexpression of T5H in rice *** lines of target genes driven by the Gt1 promoter showed better field performance than those driven by the Ubi *** of T5H showed little effect on plant growth or grain physicochemical *** neuronal cell culture assays,serotonin induced neuroprotective action against *** of rice cultivars with high serotonin content may be beneficial for health and nutrition.

关键词： Rice endosperm Serotonin Metabolic engineering TDCs T5H

A genetic diversity assessment of starch quality traits in rice landraces from the Taihu basin,China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative agriculture 2016年第3期15卷 493-501页

作者： AO Yan XU Yong CUI Xiao-fen WANG An TENG Fei SHEN Li-qun LIU Qiao-quan key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology of jiangsu province/co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops/college of agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of technology Suzhou 215411P.R.China

There are nearly 1 000 rice landrace varieties in the Taihu basin, China. To assess the genetic diversity of the rice, 24 intragenic molecular markers（representing 17 starch synthesis-related genes） were investigated in 115 Taihu basin rice landraces and 87 improved cultivars simultaneously. The results show that the average genetic diversity and polymorphism information content values of the landraces were higher than those of improved cultivars. In total, 41 and 39 allele combinations（of the 17 genes） were derived from the landraces and improved cultivars, respectively; only two identical allele combinations were found bet ween the two rice variety sources. Cluster analysis, based on the molecular markers, revealed that the rice varieties could be subdivided into five groups and, within these, the japonica improved rice and japonica landrace rice varieties were in two separate groups. According to the quality reference criteria to classify the rice into grades, some of the landraces were found to perform we ll, in terms of starch quality. For example, according to NY /T595-2002 criteria from the Ministry of agriculture of China, 25 and 33 landraces reached grade 1, in terms of their apparent amylose content and gel consistency. Th e varieties that had outstanding quality could be used as breeding materials for rice quality breeding programs in the future. Our study is useful for future applications, such as genetic diversity studies, the protection of rice variety and improvment of rice quality in breeding programs.

关键词： intragenic molecular marker starch synthesis improved cultivars cluster analysis polymorphism information content

Effects of co_2 enrichment and spikelet removal on rice quality under open-air field conditions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative agriculture 2016年第9期15卷 2012-2022页

作者： JING Li-quan WU Yan-zhen ZHUANG Shi-teng WANG Yun-xia ZHU Jian-guo WANG Yu-long YANG Lian-xin jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Yangzhou University college of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University State key laboratory of Soil and Sustainable agriculture/Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

The increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide（co_2） concentration adversely affect several quality traits of rice grains, but the biochemical mechanism remains unclear. The objectives of this study were to determine how changes in the source-sink relationship affected rice quality. Source-sink manipulation was achieved by free-air co_2 enrichment from tillering to maturity and partial removal of spikelet at anthesis using a japonica rice cultivar Wuyunjing 23. Enrichment with co_2 decreased the head rice percentage and protein concentration of milled rice, but increased the grain chalkiness. In contrast, spikelet removal resulted in a dramatic increase in the head rice percentage and protein concentration, and much less grain chalkiness. Neither co_2 enrichment nor spikelet removal affected the starch content, but the distribution of starch granule size showed distinct treatment effects. O n average, spikelet removal decreased the percentage of starch granules of diameter 〉10 and 5–10 μm by 23.6 and 5.6%, respectively, and increased those with a diameter of 2–5 and 〈2 μm by 4.6 and 3.3%, respectively. In contrast, co_2 elevation showed an opposite response： increasing the proportion of large starch granules（〉5 μm） and decreasing that of 〈5 μm. The starch pasting properties were affected by spikelet removal much more than by co_2 elevation. These results indicated that the protein concentration and starch granule size played a role in chalkiness formation under these experimental conditions.

关键词： rice free-air co_2 enrichment sink removal quality starch granule size

High plant density increases seed Bt endotoxin content in Bt transgenic cotton

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative agriculture 2021年第7期20卷 1796-1806页

作者： CHEN Yuan LIU Zhen-yu HENG Li Leila I.MTAMBEL CHEN De-hua jiangsu key laboratory of crops genetics and physiology/jiangsu key laboratory of crop Cultivation and physiology/Agricultural college Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009P R.China Agricultural Research cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 999129Sudan

Plant density is the cultivation practice usually employed to manipulate boll distribution, boll setting and yield in cotton production. In order to determine the effect of plant density on the insecticidal protein content of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) cotton plants, a study was conducted in Yangzhou University of China in 2015 and 2016. Five plant densities(PD1–PD5, representing 15 000, 30 000, 45 000, 60 000, and 75 000 plants ha^(–1)) were imposed on two Bt cotton cultivars, Sikang 1(the conventional cultivar, SK-1) and Sikang 3(the hybrid cultivar, SK-3). The boll number per plant, boll weight and boll volume all decreased as plant density increased. As plant density increased from 15 000 to 75 000 plants ha–1, seed Bt protein content increased, with increases of 66.5% in SK-1 and 53.4% in SK-3 at 40 days after flowering(DAF) in 2015, and 36.8% in SK-1 and 38.6% in SK-3 in 2016. Nitrogen(N) metabolism was investigated to uncover the potential mechanism. The analysis of N metabolism showed enhanced soluble protein content, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT) activities, but reduced free amino acid content, and protease and peptidase activities with increasing plant density. At 20 DAF, the seed Bt toxin amount was positively correlated with soluble protein level, with correlation coefficients of 0.825** in SK-1 and 0.926** in SK-3 in 2015, and 0.955** in SK-1 and 0.965** in SK-3 in 2016. In contrast, the seed Bt protein level was negatively correlated with free amino acid content, with correlation coefficients of –0.983** in SK-1 and –0.974** in SK-3 in 2015, and –0.996** in SK-1 and –0.986** in SK-3 in 2016. To further confirm the relationship of Bt protein content and N metabolism, the Bt protein content was found to be positively correlated with the activities of GPT and GOT, but negatively correlated with the activities of protease and peptidase. In conclusion, our present study indicated that high plant density elev

关键词： Bt cotton plant density Bt insecticidal protein nitrogen metabolism

Effects of plant density and mepiquat chloride application on cotton boll setting in wheat–cotton double cropping system

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2372-2381页

作者： CHEN Yuan LIU Zhen-yu HENG Li Leila IMTAMBEL ZHANG Xiang CHEN Yuan CHEN De-hua jiangsu key laboratory of crops genetics and physiology/jiangsu key laboratory of crop Cultivation and physiology/Agricultural college Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009P.R.China Agricultural Research cooperation Biotechnology and Biosafety Research CenterKhartoum 999129Sudan

Sowing cotton directly after harvesting wheat in the Yangtze River Valley of China requires early mature of cotton without yield ***-setting period synchronisation and more yield bolls distributed at the upper and middle canopy layers are also required for *** objective of this study is to quantify the individual and interaction effects of plant density and plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride(MC)on temporal and spatial distributions of yield bolls,as well as yield and yield *** the 2013–2016 cotton growing seasons,the experiments were conducted on a shortseason cotton cultivar CRRI50 at Yangzhou University,*** combinations of plant density(12.0,13.5 and 15.0 plants m^(–2))and MC dose(180,270 and 360 g ha^(–1))were applied on cotton *** combination of 13.5 plants m^(–2)and 270 g ha^(–1)MC resulted in the greatest boll number per unit area,the highest daily boll setting number and more than 90%of bolls positioned within 45–80 cm above the *** conclusion,appropriate MC dose in combination of high plant density could synchronize boll-setting period and retain more bolls at the upper and middle canopy layers without yield reduction in the system of direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest,and thus overcome the labor-intensive problem in current transplanting cropping system.

关键词： direct-seeded cotton after wheat harvest plant density mepiquat chloride yield and yield components boll setting boll spatial distribution

OsbZIP09,a Unique OsbZIP Transcription Factor of Rice,Promotes Rather Than Suppresses Seed Germination by Attenuating Abscisic Acid Pathway

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Rice science 2021年第4期28卷 358-367,I0021-I0023页

作者： Wang Chuxin Zhu Chengchao Zhou Yu Xiong Min Wang Jindong Bai Huang Lu Chenya Zhang Changquan Liu Qiaoquan Li Qianfeng key laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/jiangsu key laboratory of crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology of jiangsu province College of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops of jiangsu province/Joint International Research laboratory of agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as the wild type under normal germination *** expression of OsbZIP09 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA)and declined as the germination *** a nucleus-localized transcription factor,the conserved binding motif of OsbZIP09 was identified via DNA affinity purification sequencing *** evidences indicated that OsbZIP09 directly enhanced the expression of ABA catabolism gene ABA8ox1,thus reducing ABA *** addition,OsbZIP09 also directly bound to the promoter of LEA3 gene to inhibit its expression,thus further alleviating the suppressive effect of ABA on seed *** results demonstrated that OsbZIP09 likely functions as a brake of the ABA pathway to attenuate the inhibitory effect of ABA on rice seed germination via dual strategies.

关键词： OsbZIP09 pre-harvest sprouting abscisic acid seed germination ABA8ox1 gene LEA3 gene rice transcription factor

Effects of post-silking water deficit on the leaf photosynthesis and senescence of waxy maize

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative agriculture 2020年第9期19卷 2216-2228页

作者： YE Yu-xiu WEN Zhang-rong YANG Huan LU Wei-ping LU Da-lei jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/jiangsu key laboratory of crop Cultivation and physiology/Agricultural college Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009P.R.China Huaihai Institute of technology Huai'an 222005P.R.China

Waxy maize is widely cultivated under rainfed conditions and frequently suffers water shortage during the late growth *** this study,a pot trial was conducted to examine the effects of post-silking drought on leaf photosynthesis and senescence and its influence on grain *** waxy maize hybrids,Suyunuo 5(SYN5)and Yunuo 7(YN7),were grown under the control and drought(soil moisture content was 70–80%and 50–60%,respectively)conditions after silking in 2016 and *** decrease in yield was 11.1 and 15.4%for YN7 and SYN5,respectively,owing to the decreased grain weight and ***-silking dry matter accumulation was reduced by 27.2%in YN7 and 26.3%in *** contribution rate of pre-silking photoassimilates transferred to grain yield was increased by 15.6%in YN7 and 10.2%in SYN5,***-silking drought increased the malondialdehyde content,but decreased the contents of water,soluble protein,chlorophyll,and carotenoid in the *** weakened activities of enzymes involved in photosynthesis(ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase)and antioxidant system(catalase,superoxide dismutase and peroxidase)reduced the photosynthetic rate(Pn)and accelerated leaf *** correlation results indicated that reduced Pn and catalase activity and increased malondialdehyde content under drought conditions induced the decrease of post-silking photoassimilates deposition,ultimately resulted in the grain yield loss.

关键词： water deficit waxy maize photosynthesis antioxidant enzyme senescence dry matter accumulation

Identification and cell wall analysis of interspecific hybrids between Oryza sativa and Oryza ridleyi

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative agriculture 2017年第8期16卷 1676-1681页

作者： YI Chuan-deng LI Wei WANG De-rong JIANG Wei HU Da-bang ZHOU Yong LIANG Guo-hua GUMing-hong jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Oryza ridleyi is an allotetraploid wild species with the HHJJ genome, and Oryza sativa is a diploid cultivated rice that has the AA genome. Although the wide hybrid between the two species is difficult to obtain, we overcome this difficulty by young embryo rescue. An obvious heterosis was primarily found for the plant height, tillering ability, vegetative vigor, etc. However, the hybrid panicle and culm traits were found to resemble that of the wild rice parent, O. ridleyi, for the long awns, exoteric purple stigma, grain shattering, dispersed panicles, and culm mechanical strength. Genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） analysis was subsequently performed on the mitotic metaphase chromosome of the root tips, and we determined that the hybrid is an allotriploid with 36 chromosomes and its genomic constitution is AHJ. Chemical analyses conducted on the culm of O. sativa, O. ridleyi, and their interspecific hybrids showed that major changes occurred in the xylose, glucose, and arabinose concentrations, which are correlated with the specific hemicellulose polymer and cellulose components that are important in the primary cell walls of green plants. Meanwhile, the culm anatomical analyses indicated that additional large vascular bundles and an extra sclerenchyma cell layer were found in O. ridleyi. Additionally, further thickening of the secondary cell walls of the cortical fiber sclerenchyma cells and the phloem companion cells was discovered in O. ridleyi and in the interspecific hybrids. These results imply that there may be a potential link between culm mechanical strength and culm anatomical structure.

关键词： Oryza sativa Oryza ridleyi interspecific hybrid genomic in situ hybridization cell wall