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Clustered spikelets 4,encoding a putative cytochrome P450 protein CYP724B1,is essential for rice panicle development

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第31期59卷 4050-4059页

作者： Min Guo Yi-Hao Yang Min Liu Qing-Cai Meng Xiu-Hong Zeng Ling-Xia Dong Shu-Zhu Tang Ming-Hong Gu Chang-Jie Yan jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/ co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou University

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)inflorescence(panicle)architecture is an important agronomic trait,serving as one of the determinants of rice yield.A number of genes related to panicle development have been cloned and functionally characterized so ***,more information is needed for fully understanding of the mechanism underlying the panicle *** the present study,we identified a clustered spikelets 4(cl4)mutant in the 93-11 genetic *** to its wild-type 93-11,cl4 mutant has a typical clustered spikelets phenotype with all primary branches clustered on the base of the main rachis and 2–3abnormal spikelets clustered on the primary ***,cl4 mutant also shows shorter plant height than that of the wild ***-based cloning strategy is performed to clone the CL4 *** a result,CL4 is demonstrated to encode a putative cytochrome P450 protein CYP724B1,which is involved in brassinosteroid *** confirm our mapping result,the CL4 RNAi transgenic plants are *** the transgenic plants also show similar phenotype as the cl4 *** results provide strong evidence that CL4 plays an important role in rice panicle development as well as plant height regulation.

关键词：细胞色素P450 水稻产量小穗集群蛋白编码稻穗转基因植物

Cytological and molecular characteristics of delayed spike development in wheat under low temperature in early spring

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The crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 840-852页

作者： Xurun Yu Yufei Jiang Huihui Yao Liping Ran Yong Zang Fei Xiong jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/jiangsu key laboratory of crop Cultivation and physiology Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityCo-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Yangzhou University Guangling college Yangzhou 225000JiangsuChina

Low temperature in early spring impairs wheat growth and grain ***,little is known about the cytological and molecular mechanisms underlying low temperature regulation of wheat spike *** observation and transcriptome sequencing of wheat spikes under low temperature were *** temperature slowed spike development,reduced the yield-component parameters of wheat spikes at the harvest stage,delayed the formation of lateral spikelets and tissue development,and induced the early differentiation of terminal *** temperature increased the content of abscisic acid and caused the upregulation of genes in the abscisic acid signaling pathway,including those encoding PP2 Cs,Sn RK2 s,and b ZIP transcription *** temperature also induced the upregulation of 33 cold-responsive genes involved in wheat response to low-temperature stress and regulation of abscisic acid biosynthesis and metabolism of other *** wheat spike adapted to cold conditions by changing the expression levels of genes involved in spike morphogenesis,including the transcription-factor genes MADS6,ERF4,ERF78,WOX6,and *** findings suggest that low temperature in early spring delays wheat spike development by increasing abscisic acid content or affecting the expression of genes involved in morphogenesis.

关键词： Development Low temperature Spike Transcriptome Wheat

Wx^lv、the Ancestral Allele of Rice Waxy Gene

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Molecular Plant 2019年第8期12卷 1157-1166页

作者： Changquan Zhang Jihui Zhu Shengjie Chen Xiaolei Fan Qianfeng Li Yan Lu Min Wang Hengxiu Yu Chuandeng Yi Shuzhu Tang Minghong Gu Qiaoquan Liu key laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/jiangsu key laboratory of crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding College of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China co-lnnovation center for modern production technology of grain crops of jiangsu province/key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology of jiangsu province Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

In rice grains,the Waxy (Wx) gene is responsible for the synthesis of amylose,the most important determinant for eating and cooking *** effects of several Wx alleles on amylose content and the taste of cooked rice have been ***,the relationship between artificial selection and the evolution of various Wx alleles as well as their distribution remain *** we report the identification of an ancestral allele,Wx^lv,which dramatically affects the mouthfeel of rice grains by modulating the size of amylose *** demonstrated that WF originated directly from wild rice,and the three major Wx alleles in cultivated rice (Wx^b,Wx^a,and Wx^in) differentiated after the substitution of one base pair at the functional *** data indicate that the Wx^lv allele played an important role in artificial selection and *** findings also shed light on the evolution of various Wx alleles,which have greatly contributed to improving the eating and cooking quality of rice.

关键词： Oryza sativa Waxy eating and cooking quality allelic variation artificial selection

Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal New Genetic Targets for Five Panicle Traits of International Rice Varieties

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Rice science 2015年第5期22卷 217-226页

作者： ZHANG Ya-fang MA Yu-yin CHEN Zong-xiang ZOU Jie CHEN Tian-xiao LI Qian-qian PAN Xue-biao ZUO Shi-min jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Yangzhou University Department of Biochemical Engineering Yangzhou Polytechnic College

Narrow genetic background is a key limiting factor in breeding stable high-yielding rice. The introduction and utilization of international rice core germplasm is an important way to increase the genetic diversity of domestic rice varieties. We conducted a genome-wide association study on 5 panicle traits of 315 rice accessions introduced from the international rice micro-core germplasm bank. Based on the tests from Yangzhou of China and Arkansas of American, environment exhibited a significant impacts on panicle length and primary branch number, while grain length, grain width and grain length/width ratio were insensitive to environment changes. We discovered a total of 7, 5, 10, 8 and 6 chromosomal regions or single nucleotide polymorphism marker loci that were significantly associated with primary branch number, panicle length, grain length, grain width and grain length/width ratio, respectively. Among them, eleven regions were associated with grain shape and one region associated with primary branch number, showing the good consistence in two different environments. Significant linear correlation was discovered between the average trait value and the number of favorable alleles carried by the varieties in all associated loci. Among the associated loci, varieties in aromatic and tropical japonica sub-groups possessed most favorable alleles, while those in temperate japonica sub-group contained the least. The domestic varieties mainly harbored unfavorable alleles in six of the associated loci being detected. On the contrary, 15 varieties from 11 different countries harbored more favorable alleles （as many as 30 or more） than the others. Remarkably, all these 15 varieties belonged to the tropical japonica sub-group. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that varieties in the tropical japonica sub-group had high potentials for breeding stable high-yielding rice. Based on this discovery, we proposed a new approach for improving the panicle traits of domestic rice by

关键词： international rice core germplasm panicle trait genome-wide association study favorableallele breeding utilization

Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci in crops

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The crop Journal 2017年第2期5卷 175-184页

作者： Yang Xu Pengcheng Li Zefeng Yang Chenwu Xu jiangsu Provincial key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

Dissecting the genetic architecture of complex traits is an ongoing challenge for *** complementary approaches for genetic mapping,linkage mapping and association mapping have led to successful dissection of complex traits in many crop *** of these methods detect quantitative trait loci(QTL) by identifying marker–trait associations,and the only fundamental difference between them is that between mapping populations,which directly determine mapping resolution and *** on this difference,we first summarize in this review the advances and limitations of family-based mapping and natural population-based mapping instead of linkage mapping and association *** then describe statistical methods used for improving detection power and computational speed and outline emerging areas such as large-scale meta-analysis for genetic mapping in *** the era of next-generation sequencing,there has arisen an urgent need for proper population design,advanced statistical strategies,and precision phenotyping to fully exploit high-throughput genotyping.

关键词： Family-based mapping Natural population-based mapping Mixed linear model MAGIC population Meta-analysis Genotyping by sequencing

Relationships Between Yield, Quality and Nitrogen Uptake and Utilization of Organically Grown Rice Varieties

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Pedosphere 2016年第1期26卷 85-97页

作者： HUANG Lifen YU Jun YANG Jie ZHANG Rong BAI Yanchao SUN Chengming ZHUANG Hengyang jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology Yangzhou University co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Yangzhou University college of Agronomy Yangzhou University college of Environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University

Due to the relatively late start of organic rice(Oryza sativa L.) research in China,there is a still lack of systematic research on rice varieties,organic fertilizer management practices,and especially the mechanisms of nitrogen(N) uptake and *** rice varieties,Nanjing 5055,Nanjing 9108,and Nanjing 46,were grown under organic farming(OF) at three organic fertilizer levels(103.2,160.8,and 218.4 kg N ha^(-1)) and conventional farming(CF) with regular chemical *** grain yields,yield components,and quality,dry matter accumulation,and plant N were measured at different growth stages during the 2012 and 2013 growing *** with CF,OF had a significantly reduced *** 9108 showed significant reductions in number of panicles per unit area and percentage of filled grains,and had the lowest *** effects of fertilizer type and application rate on dry matter accumulation during the main growth periods were significant for all *** N content and uptake in organically grown rice were lower compared with those of rice under *** N recovery efficiency and N agronomic efficiency were significantly lower,whereas N physiological efficiency and N partial factor productivity were greater under OF than under *** OF,the processing quality showed a slight but insignificant decline,protein content and gel consistency increased,and amylose content decreased compared with those under *** analysis showed that under OF,grain yield was significantly correlated with N *** medium organic fertilizer level(160.8 kg N ha^(-1)) was found to be the optimum fertilizer treatment,and Nanjing 46 appeared to be the best variety for organic rice *** increase rice grain yields and reduce the potential risk of non-point source pollution in organic agriculture,further research is needed to improve the N use efficiency in organic rice cultivation.

关键词： conventional farming grain quality grain yield N use efficiency organic farming organic fertilizer

Effects of slow or controlled release fertilizer types and fertilization modes on yield and quality of rice

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2018年第10期17卷 2222-2234页

作者： WEI Hai-yan CHEN Zhi-feng XING Zhi-peng ZHOU Lei LIU Qiu-yuan ZHANG Zhen-zhen JIANG Yan HU Ya-jie ZHU Jin-yan CUI Pei-yuan DAI Qi-gen ZHANG Hong-cheng jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/jiangsu co-innovation center for Modem production technology of grain crops/Agricultural college Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R.China

There is limited information about the influence of slow or controlled release fertilizer（S/CRF） on rice yield and quality. In this study, japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108 was used to study the effects of three different S/CRFs（polymer-coated urea（PCU）, sulfur-coated urea（SCU）, and urea formaldehyde（UF）） and two fertilization modes（both S/CRF and common urea（CU） as basal fertilizer, S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer） on rice yield and quality. CU only was applied separately as control（CK）. Results showed that, rice grain yield, chalky kernel rate, chalky area, overall chalkiness, and the content of gliadin, glutenin, and protein, all showed the trends of UF〉PCU〉SCU within the same fertilization mode, and showed the trends of S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer〉both S/CRF and CU as basal fertilizer within the same type of S/CRF. In contrast, the contents of amylose, amylopectin, and starch, as well as taste value, and peak and hot viscosity showed trends of SCU〉PCU〉UF, and the trends of both S/CRF and CU as basal fertilizer〉S/CRF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer. Among S/CRF treatments and fertilization modes, taste values of cooked rice were positively correlated with amylose, amylopectin, and starch contents, as well as gel consistency, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, and cool viscosity, while negatively correlated with globulin, gliadin, glutenin, and protein contents. The types of S/CRF and fertilization modes are important for improving rice yield and quality. compared to CK, higher yield and similar quality of rice was achieved with UF as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer, and similar yield with improved appearance and eating and cooking quality of rice was achieved with either both UF and CU as basal fertilizer, or PCU as basal and CU as tillering fertilizer.

关键词： type of slow or controlled release fertilizer fertilization mode yield quality

The Effect of Organ Temperature on Total Yield of Transplanted and Direct-Seeded Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第11期92卷 2999-3019页

作者： Ziwei Li Lifen Huang Zhongyang Huo Min Jiang jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/jiangsu key laboratory of crop Cultivation and physiology Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China jiangsu co-innovation center for modern production technology of grain crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China

The canopy temperature of rice is an important index that directly reflects the growth and physiological state of rice,and affects the yield of rice plants to a great *** correlation between the temperatures of different rice organs and canopy in different growth stages and the grain yield is *** stability and universality of these correlations must be *** conducted a pot experiment using two rice varieties and two temperature treatments(high temperature treatment was carried out at the beginning of heading stage for 10 days).We measured rice organ temperature during seven stages of growth using a high-precision infrared thermal *** showed that the optimal observation period for the rice canopy temperature was 13:*** the rice variety did not significantly impact the canopy or organ temperature(p>0.05),the different organs and canopy exhibited significantly different temperatures(pcorrelations between the leaf,stem,panicle,canopy–air temperature differences and seed setting rate,theoretical and actual yields were the strongest during the milk *** them,the correlation coefficient betweenΔT_(s) and theoretical and actual yields was the highest,the relationship between theoretical yield(Y)andΔT_(s)(X)was Y=−5.6965X+27.778,R^(2)=*** withΔT_(l),ΔT_(p) andΔTc,ΔT_(s) was closely related to the main traits of plants.ΔT_(s) could better reflect the growth characteristics of rice thanΔT_(c),such as dry matter accumulation(r=−0.931),SPAD(r=0.699),N concentration(r=0.714),transpiration rate(r=−0.722).In conclusion,stem temperature was more important indicator than canopy *** temperature is a better screening index for rice breeding and cultivation management in the future.

关键词： Planting method canopy temperature organ temperature grain yield

Temperature and solar radiation utilization of rice for yield formation with different mechanized planting methods in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,China

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2017年第9期16卷 1923-1935页

作者： XING Zhi-peng WU Pei ZHU Ming QIAN Hai-jun HU Ya-jie GUO Bao-wei WEI Hai-yan XU Ke HUO Zhong-yang DAI Qi-gen ZHANG Hong-cheng jiangsu key laboratory of crop genetics and physiology/jiangsu co-innovation center for Modem production technology of grain crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Several studies have demonstrated the effect of planting methods on rice yield, but information on the climate resources is limited. This study aims to reveal the effects of planting methods on climate resources associated with rice yield in a rice-wheat rotation system in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. Field experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 with two japonica, two indica hybrid, and two japonica-indica hybrid varieties grown under three mechanized planting methods： carpet seedling of mechanical transplanting（CT）, mechanical direct seeding（DS）, and pot-hole seedling of mechanical transplanting（PT）. The rice yield and total dry matter under PT were greater than those under CT and DS methods. Besides, the entire growth duration and daily production showed significant positive relations with rice yield. compared with CT and DS, the effective accumulated temperature and cumulative solar radiation of rice under PT were higher in phenological phases. In addition, the dry matter/effective accumulated temperature and solar energy utilization of rice under CT and DS were higher during vegetative phase and lower during reproductive and grain filling phases in contrast to PT. The mean daily temperature and mean daily solar radiation in the entire growth duration showed significant positive correlation with rice yield, total dry matter, and harvest index. This study demonstrated that when the mean daily temperature is 〈25.1°C in vegetative phase and 〉20.1°C in grain filling phase, rice yield could be increased by selecting mechanized planting methods. Most varieties under PT method exhibited high yield and climate resources use efficiency compared with CT and DS. In conclusion, the PT method could be a better cultivation measure for high rice yield, accompanied with high temperature and solar radiation use efficiency in a rice-wheat rotation system in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China.

关键词： rice mechanized planting methods temperature solar radiation