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Reperfusion after hypoxia-ischemia exacerbates brain injury with compensatory activation of the antiferroptosis system:based on a novel rat model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第10期18卷 2229-2236页

作者： Tian-Lei Zhang Zhi-Wei Zhang Wei Lin Xin-Ru Lin Ke-Xin Lin Ming-Chu Fang Jiang-Hu Zhu Xiao-Ling Guo Zhen-Lang Lin Department of Pediatrics the Second School of Medicinethe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Second Clinical Medical College Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina key laboratory of children genitourinary diseases of wenzhou the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina key laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of wenzhou the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Basic Medical Research Center the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,which predisposes to neonatal death and neurological sequelae,has a high morbidity,but there is still a lack of effective prevention and treatment in clinical *** better understand the pathophysiological mechanism underlying hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,in this study we compared hypoxic-ischemic reperfusion brain injury and simple hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal ***,based on the conventional RiceVannucci model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,we established a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic reperfusion brain injury by creating a common carotid artery muscle *** we performed tandem mass tag-based proteomic analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins between the hypoxic-ischemic reperfusion brain injury model and the conventional Rice-Vannucci model and found that the majority were mitochondrial *** also performed transmission electron microscopy and found typical characteristics of ferroptosis,including mitochondrial shrinkage,ruptured mitochondrial membranes,and reduced or absent mitochondrial ***,both rat models showed high levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein and low levels of myelin basic protein,which are biological indicators of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and indicate similar degrees of ***,we found that ferroptosis-related Ferritin(Fth1)and glutathione peroxidase 4 were expressed at higher levels in the brain tissue of rats with hypoxic-ischemic reperfusion brain injury than in rats with simple hypoxic-ischemic brain *** on these results,it appears that the rat model of hypoxic-ischemic reperfusion brain injury is more closely related to the pathophysiology of clinical *** not only aggravates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury but also activates the anti-ferroptosis system.

关键词： ferroptosis hypoxic-ischemic brain injury hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy hypoxic-ischemic reperfusion brain injury mitochondria model proteomic analysis reperfusion Rice-Vannucci transmission electron microscopy

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Genetic Analysis of Human Adenovirus Type 7 Strains Circulating in Different Parts of China

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第3期36卷 382-392页

作者： Yali Duan Changchong Li Li Deng Shuhua An Yun Zhu Wei Wang Meng Zhang Lili Xu Baoping Xu Xiangpeng Chen Zhengde Xie Beijing key laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection diseases Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesResearch Unit of Critical Infection in ChildrenChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU016Laboratory of Infection and VirologyBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying children’s Hospital of wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027China Guangzhou Women and children's Medical Center Guangzhou 510623China children's Hospital of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang 050031China

To investigate the molecular epidemiology and genetic variation of human adenovirus type 7(HAdV-7)in children with acute respiratory infections(ARI)in ***-7-positive respiratory samples collected from children with ARI in Beijing,Shijiazhuang,wenzhou and Guangzhou from 2014–2018 were selected for gene amplification and sequence ***-seven HAdV-7 clinical strains with hexon,penton base and fiber gene sequences were ***17 strains were selected randomly from different cities for whole genome *** and variation analyses were performed based on the obtained sequences,HAdV-7 prototype strain Gomen(AY594255),vaccine strains(AY495969 and AY594256)and representative sequences of *** phylogenetic trees constructed based on whole genome sequences,major capsid protein genes(hexon,penton base and fiber)and the early genes(E1,E2,E3 and E4)were not completely *** HAdV-7 strains obtained in this study always clustered with most of the circulating strains worldwide from the 1980 s to the *** with the HAdV-7 prototype strain Gomen(AY594255),some amino acid mutations in loop1 and loop2 of hexon and the RGD loop region of the penton base gene were *** analysis showed that partial regions of 55 k Da protein and 100 kDa hexon-assembly associated protein genes among all HAdV-7 strains in this study were from HAdV-16 and HAdV-3,*** study demonstrated the molecular evolution characteristics of HAdV-7 strains circulating in China and provided basic reference data for the prevention,control and vaccine development of HAdV-7.

关键词： Human adenovirus type 7(HAdV-7) Genome-wide sequence analysis Mutation Genetic recombination

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CRISPR/Cas9 system and its applications in nervous system diseases

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Genes & diseases 2024年第2期11卷 675-686页

作者： Haibin Jiang Mengyan Tang Zidi Xu Yanan Wang Mopu Li Shuyin Zheng Jianghu Zhu Zhenlang Lin Min Zhang The Second School of Medicine Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang 325035China The First School of Medicine Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang 325035China Department of Pediatrics The Second School of MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang 325027China key laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of wenzhou WenzhouZhejiang 325027China key laboratory of Structural Malformations in children of Zhejiang Province WenzhouZhejiang 325000China Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Disease WenzhouZhejiang 325027China

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)system is an acquired immune system of many bacteria and archaea,comprising CRISPR loci,Cas genes,and its associated *** system can recognize exogenous DNA and utilize the Cas9 protein's nuclease activity to break DNA double-strand and to achieve base insertion or deletion by subsequent DNA *** recent years,multiple laboratory and clinical studies have revealed the therapeutic role of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in neurological *** article reviews the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology and its potential for clinical application against neurological diseases.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Gene editing Mutation Neurological diseases Therapeutics

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Clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of human metapneumovirus in children with acute lower respiratory tract infections in China, 2017 to 2019: A multicentre prospective observational study

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第6期37卷 874-882页

作者： Hongwei Zhao Qianyu Feng Ziheng Feng Yun Zhu Junhong Ai Baoping Xu Li Deng Yun Sun Changchong Li Rong Jin Yunxiao Shang Xiangpeng Chen Lili Xu Zhengde Xie Beijing key laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection diseases Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Key Discipline of Pediatrics(Capital Medical University)Beijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing100045China Research Unit of Critical Infection in children Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU016China Department of Respiratory diseases I Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing100045China Guangzhou Women and children's Medical Center Guangzhou510623China Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital Yinchuan750000China The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying children's Hospital of wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou325027China Guiyang Women and children Healthcare Hospital Guiyang550003China Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang110004China

Human metapneumovirus(HMPV) infection is one of the leading causes of hospitalization in young children with acute respiratory illness. In this study, we prospectively collected respiratory tract samples from children who were hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infection in six hospitals in China from 2017 to 2019. HMPV was detected in 145 out of 2733 samples(5.3%) from the hospitalized children. The majority of HMPV-positive children were under the age of two(67.6%), with a median age of one year. HMPV can independently cause acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children, while all patients showed mild clinical symptoms. Of all the co-infected patients, HMPV was most commonly detected with enterovirus(EV) or rhinovirus(RhV)(38.0%),followed by respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)(32.0%). The highest detection rate occurred from March to May in both northern and southern China. Out of 145 HMPV positive samples, 48 were successfully typed, of which 36strains were subgrouped into subtypes A2c(75%), eight strains were included in subtype B1(16.7%), and four strains were included in subtype B2(8.3%). Moreover, 16 A2c strains contained 111-nucleotide duplications in the G gene. Twenty-seven complete HMPV genomes were successfully obtained, and 25(92.6%) strains belonged to subtype A2c, whereas one strain was included in subgroup B1 and another was included in subgroup B2. A total of 277 mutations were observed in the complete genomes of 25 A2c strains. All results presented here improve our understanding of clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of HMPV infection in children.

关键词： Human metapneumovirus(HMPV) Acute lower respiratory tract infection Clinical characteristics Molecular epidemiology Multicentre prospective study

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A Multicenter Study of Viral Aetiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Hospitalized children in Chinese Mainland

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第6期36卷 1543-1553页

作者： Yun Zhu Baoping Xu Changchong Li Zhimin Chen Ling Cao Zhou Fu Yunxiao Shang Aihuan Chen Li Deng Yixiao Bao Yun Sun Limin Ning Shuilian Yu Fang Gu Chunyan Liu Ju Yin Adong Shen Zhengde Xie Kunling Shen laboratory of Infection and Virology Beijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection DiseasesResearch Unit of Critical Infection in ChildrenChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU016Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China Department of Respiratory diseases I Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying children's Hospital of wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027China The children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310005China children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020China children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400015China Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110004China The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120China Guangzhou Women and children's Medical Center Guangzhou 510623China Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092China Yinchuan Women and children Healthcare Hospital Yinchuan 750000China children's Hospital of Changchun Changchun 130000China The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086China Baoding children's Hospital Baoding 071051China laboratory of Respiratory diseases Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection DiseasesBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China Beijing children's Hospital Capital Medical UniversityNationa

Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children *** this study,we aimed to describe the aetiology of viral infection of pediatric CAP in Chinese *** November2014 to June 2016,the prospective study was conducted in 13 *** hospitalized children under 18 years old who met the criteria for CAP were *** throat swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates(NPAs) were collected which were then screened 18 respiratory viruses using multiplex PCR *** pathogens were present in 56.6%(1539/2721) of the enrolled cases,with the detection rate of single virus in 39.8% of the cases and multiple viruses in 16.8% of the *** most frequently detected virus was respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)(15.2%,414/2721).The highest detection rate of virus was in children with CAP in Chinese mainland.

关键词： children Community-acquired pneumonia Multicenter study Viral aetiology Multiplex PCR assay

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Characterization of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive diseases in Chinese children

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第8期126卷 1522-1527页

Background Erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates that causing invasive pneumococcal diseases （IPD） in Chinese children remain uncharacterized. This study aims to identify the resistance genes associated with erythromycin resistance and to determine the genetic relationships of IPD isolates in Chinese children. Methods A total of 171 S. pneumoniae strains were isolated from 11 medical centers in China from 2006 to 2008. All the isolates were characterized via serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility determination. The erythromycin-resistant isolates were further characterized via ermB and mefA gene detection, multi-locus sequence typing analysis, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results A total of 164 （95.9%） isolates showed resistance to erythremycin, of which 162 strains with high high-level resistance （MIC 〉 256 pg/ml）. A total of 104 （63.4%） isolates carry the ermB gene alone, whereas 59 （36.0%） harbor both ermB and mefA genes. Of the 59 strains, 54 were of serotypes 19A and 19F and were identified as highly clonal and related to the TaiwanlgF-14 clone. Conclusions The erythromycin resistance rate in IPD isolates is significantly high and is predominantly mediated by the ermB aene. Isolates that carrv both ermB and mefA Qenes are oredominantlv of serotvoes 19A and 19E

关键词： Streptococcus pneumonia invasive pneumococcal diseases, erythromycin resistance, genes

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A multi-center study on genetic variations in the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus from children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in China during 2017-2021

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第5期39卷 727-736页

作者： Yiliang Fu Fei Li Yun Zhu Luci Huang Qiuping Li Hanwen Zhang Lili Zhong Hailin Zhang Zheng-xiu Luo Gen Lu Jikui Deng Lingfeng Cao Ying Wu Rong Jin Lei Li Lili Xu Xiangpeng Chen Zhengde Xie Beijing key laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection diseases Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesNational Key Discipline of Pediatrics(Capital Medical University)Beijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China Research Unit of Critical Infection in children Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100045China Hunan Provincial People's Hospital The First Afﬁliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410005China Department of children's Respiration Disease The Second Afﬁliated Hospital&Yuying Children's HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China Department of Respiratory Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400015China Guangzhou Women and children's Medical Center Guangzhou 510623China Department of Infectious diseases Shenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhen 518026China Department of Clinical laboratory Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Department of Clinical laboratory Medicine National Children's Medical CenterShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127China Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Guiyang 550003China Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Yinchuan 750001China

Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is a signiﬁcant cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection(ALRTI)in children underﬁve years of *** 2017 and 2021,396 complete sequences of the RSV F gene were obtained from 500 RSV-positive throat swabs collected from ten hospitals across nine provinces in *** addition,151 sequences from China were sourced from GenBank and GISAID,making a total of 549 RSV F gene sequences subjected to *** and genetic diversity analyses revealed that the RSV F genes circulating in China from 2017 to 2021 have remained relatively conserved,although some amino acids(AAs)have undergone *** mutations with frequencies10%were identiﬁed at six sites and the p27 region:V384I(site I),N276S(site II),R213S(siteØ),and K124N(p27)for RSV A;F45L(site I),M152I/L172Q/S173 L/I185V/K191R(site V),and R202Q/I206M/Q209R(siteØ)for RSV *** mutational frequencies in RSV-F before and after 2020 revealed minor changes for RSV A,while the K191R,I206M,and Q209R frequencies increased by over 10%in RSV ***,the nirsevimab-resistant mutation,S211N in RSV B,increased in frequency from 0%to 1.15%.Both representative strains aligned with the predicted RSV-F structures of their respective prototypes exhibited similar conformations,with low root-mean-square deviation *** results could provide foundational data from China for the development of RSV mAbs and vaccines.

关键词： Human respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) children Fusion glycoprotein Antigenic epitope Variation

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A multi-center study on Molecular Epidemiology of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus from children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in the Mainland of China between 2015 and 2019

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第6期36卷 1475-1483页

作者： Xiangpeng Chen Yun Zhu Wei Wang Changchong Li Shuhua An Gen Lu Rong Jin Baoping Xu Yunlian Zhou Aihuan Chen Lei Li Meng Zhang Zhengde Xie Beijing key laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection diseases Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesResearch Unit of Critical Infection in ChildrenChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU016Laboratory of Infection and VirologyBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 100045China The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying children's Hospital of wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027China children's Hospital of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang 050031China Guangzhou Women and children's Medical Center Guangzhou 510623China Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Guiyang 550003China Beijing children's Hospital Capital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijing 10045China The children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310003China The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510120China Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Yinchuan 750001China

Human respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) is a major pathogen of acute lower respiratory tract infection among young children. To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of RSV in China, we performed a molecular epidemiological study during 2015–2019. A total of 964 RSV-positive specimens were identified from 5529 enrolled patients during a multi-center study. RSV subgroup A(RSV-A) was the predominant subgroup during this research period except in2016. Totally, 535 sequences of the second hypervariable region(HVR-2) of the G gene were obtained. Combined with182 Chinese sequences from GenBank, phylogenetic trees showed that 521 RSV-A sequences fell in genotypes ON1(512),NA1(6) and GA5(3), respectively;while 196 RSV-B sequences fell in BA9(193) and SAB4(3). ON1 and BA9 were the only genotypes after December 2015. Genotypes ON1 and BA9 can be separated into 10 and 7 lineages, respectively. The HVR-2 of genotype ON1 had six amino acid changes with a frequency more than 10%, while two substitutions H258 Q and H266 L were co-occurrences. The HVR-2 of genotype BA9 had nine amino acid substitutions with a frequency more than10%, while the sequences with T290 I and T312 I were all from 2018 to 2019. One N-glycosylation site at 237 was identified among ON1 sequences, while two N-glycosylation sites(296 and 310) were identified in the 60-nucleotide duplication region of BA9. To conclusion, ON1 and BA9 were the predominant genotypes in China during 2015–2019. For the genotypes ON1 and BA9, the G gene exhibited relatively high diversity and evolved continuously.

关键词： Human respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) Genetic characteristics Molecular epidemiology Genotype Acute lower respiratory tract infection(ALRTI)

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Expert consensus for pertussis in children: new concepts in diagnosis and treatment

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第12期20卷 1209-1222页

作者： Yu-Mei Mi Ji-Kui Deng Ting Zhang Qing Cao Chuan-Qing Wang Sheng Ye Ying-Hu Chen Han-Qing He Bei-Bei Wu Yan Liu Mei Zeng Wei Li Fang Wu Hong-Mei Xu Shi-Yong Zhao Gang Liu Wang Hua Dan Xu Guan-Nan Bai Ying Yang Li-Su Huang Yi-Ping Chen Kai-Hu Yao Zhu-Jun Shao Chun-Zhen Hua Department of Infectious diseases Children′s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Infectious diseases Shenzhen Children′s HospitalShenzhen 518038China Department of Infectious diseases School of MedicineShanghai Children′s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200262China Department of Infectious diseases Shanghai Children′s Medical CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Nosocomial Infection Control Department of Clinical LaboratoryChildren′s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Department of General Intensive Care Medicine Children′s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Immunization Program Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou 310052China Department of Microbiology Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou 310052China Department of Immunization Program Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhouChina Department of Infectious diseases Children′s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Department of Clinical laboratory Children′s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052ZhejiangChina Department of Chinese Medicine Children′s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Infectious diseases Chongqing Children′s HospitalChongqing 400015China Department of Infectious diseases Hangzhou Children′s HospitalHangzhou 310014China Department of Infectious diseases Beijing Pediatric Research InstituteNational Center for Children′s HealthBeijing Children′s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100045China Department of Infectious diseases Yuying Children′s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical Coll

Background Pertussis resurgence has been reported worldwide in the past two decades. Pertussis is still endemic and diffcult to control though with universal vaccination in children. The resurgence may be related to multiple variables, such as increased disease awareness and laboratory tests, waning of immunity following vaccination, and/or genetic mutations of Bordetella pertussis. For better pertussis prevention, diagnosis, and management, we called up an expert panel to develop this expert consensus to provide new concepts in diagnosis and treatment for clinical *** sources The expert groups collected clinical evidence, summarized their clinical experiences, evaluated preliminary recommendations or guidelines, and then organized open-ended discussions to form the recommendations. This consensus was developed by reviewing the literature and studies in databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, the China Biomedical Database, and the Chinese Journal Full-text Database up to May 2024. The search terms included “pertussis” or “whooping cough”, “children”, “diagnosis”, and “treatment”.Results The burden of pertussis has also changed from infants to school children and adults, and these age groups have consequently become the main source of infection for vulnerable population including infants and newborns. In China, a high prevalence of erythromycin-resistant Bordetella pertussis (ERBP) has been reported in the past decade. ERBP may lead to failed clinical empirical treatment with macrolides, which poses a great challenge for pertussis management and control. For better management of pertussis, a fow diagram for diagnosis and treatment of pertussis was presented in this consensus. This consensus also described the diagnostic criteria for pertussis, high-risk cases, and severe pertussis. Macrolides can still be used to treat confrmed erythromycin-sensitive B. pertussis (ESBP) infections, whereas oral trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole therapy is the initial tr

关键词： children Diagnosis Expert consensus Pertussis Treatment

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Gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH):a hormone therapy boosts cognition in Down syndrome and dementia

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第3期8卷 869-871页

作者： Keenan Sterling Ruixue Cao Weihong Song Townsend Family Laboratories Department of PsychiatryThe University of British Columbia2255 Wesbrook MallVancouverBCCanada The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying children’s Hospital Institute of AgingKey Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Oujiang laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)WenzhouChina

A recent study published in Science by Manfredi-Lozano and colleagues suggests that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)could potentially restore cognition in patients with Down syndrome(DS).1 The findings reveal a new molecular link between dementia and the loss of smell,and a promising therapeutic avenue to combat age-related cognitive decline in DS and other neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： releasing Down boost

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