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The role of climate factors in geographic variation in body mass and wing length in a passerine bird

Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 3-11页

作者： Yanfeng Sun Mo Li Gang Song Fumin Lei Dongming Li Yuefeng Wu key laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal University Ocean College Hebei Agricultural University key laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background: Geographic variation in body size is assumed to reflect adaptation to local environmental conditions. Although Bergmann's rule is usually sufficient to explain such variation in homeotherms, some exceptions have been documented. The relationship between altitude, latitude and body size, has been well documented for some vertebrate taxa during the past decades. However, relatively little information is available on the effects of climate variables on body size in ***: We collected the data of 267 adult Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus) specimens sampled at 48 localities in China's mainland, and further investigated the relationships between two response variables, body mass and wing length, as well as a suit of explanatory variables, i.e. altitude, latitude, mean annual temperature(MAT), annual precipitation(PRC), annual sunshine hours(SUN), average annual wind speed(WS), air pressure(AP) and relative humidity(RH).Results: Our study showed that(1) although the sexes did not differ significantly in body mass, males had longer wings than females;(2) body mass and wing length were positively correlated with altitude but not with latitude;(3) body mass and wing length were negatively correlated with AP and RH, but not significantly correlated with WS. Body mass was positively correlated with SUN and inversely correlated with MAT. Wing length was not correlated with MAT in either sex, but was positively correlated with SUN and negatively correlated with PRC in male sparrows;(4) variation in body mass could be best explained by AP and SUN, whereas variation in wing length could be explained by RH and AP in both sexes. In addition, variation in male sparrows can be explained by SUN, WS and PRC but not in ***: Two different proxies of body size, body mass and wing length, correlated with same geographic factors and different climate factors. These differences may reflect selection for heat conservation in the case of body mass, and

关键词： Body mass Wing length Altitude Latitude Climate factor Eurasian Tree Sparrow

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The Arabidopsis LFR Gene Is Required for the Formation of Anther Cell Layers and Normal Expression of key Regulatory Genes

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molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 993-1000页

作者： Xiu-Tang Wang Can Yuan Ting-Ting Yuan Su-Juan Cui key laboratory of molecular Cell biology in Hebei province College of Life Science Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050016 China

The anther is the male reproductive organ in flowering plants. Although some genes were reported to be involved in anther development, the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of these genes is unclear. Ifr-2 （leaf and flower related-2）, the null allele of Arabidopsis thaliana LFR （LEAF AND FLOWER RELATED）, was male-sterile. The anthers of Ifr-2 plants were defective in sporogenous cell formation, tapetum development, and pollen development. In agreement with these phenotypes, expression studies showed that LFR was expressed in all cell layers of the anther, and that expression was particularly strong in the tapetal cells and pollen grains, Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that LFR is required for the normal transcription of some anther development-related genes, such as AMS, CALS5, and DYT1, MS1 and MS2, and ROXY2. Genetic analysis showed that SPL was epistatic to LFR while LFR was epistatic to DYT1. We propose that LFR may be a crucial component in the regulation of a genetic network that modulates anther development.

关键词： cell differentiation/specialization gene expression gene regulation genetics reproductive biology Arabidopsis.

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Synthesis of a new chitosan derivative and assay of Escherichia coli adsorption

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2011年第1期1卷 39-45页

作者： Bing-Bing Shang Jun Sha Yang Liu Qin Tu Man-Lin Lu Jin-Yi Wang College of Science Northwest Agricultural & Forestry University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China shaanxi key laboratory of molecular biology for Agriculture Northwest Agricultural Forestry University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China

A new chitosan derivative is prepared using *** chlorocarbonate was first introduced to the hydroxyl group of phthaloylchitosan through a nucleophilic *** was then added to recover the amino groups of chitosan and promote *** structure of this new chitosan derivative was characterized by Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR）and proton nuclear magnetic resonance（1H NMR）spectroscopy,and its physical properties were determined by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）,and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）.The thermal and chemical stabilities of the new derivative were improved compared with those of native *** of Escherichia coli adhesion on a film based on this chitosan derivative showed good adsorption and biofilm formation.

关键词： chitosan derivative synthesis bacterial adhesion biofilm

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molecular mapping of the hybrid necrosis gene NetJingY176 in Aegilops tauschii using microsatellite markers

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The Crop Journal 2015年第4期3卷 298-304页

作者： Fengbo Xue Jun Guo Changying Guan Hongwei Wang Anfei Li Lingrang Kong State key laboratory of Crop biology Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University

The rich genetic variation preserved in collections of Aegilops tauschii can be readily exploited to improve common wheat using synthetic hexaploid wheat lines. However,hybrid necrosis, which is characterized by progressive death of leaves or plants, has been observed in certain interspecific crosses between tetraploid wheat and Ae. tauschii. The aim of this study was to construct a fine genetic map of a gene(temporarily named Net Jing Y176)conferring hybrid necrosis in Ae. tauschii accession Jing Y176. A triploid F1 population derived from distant hybridization between Ae. tauschii and tetraploid wheat was used to map the gene with microsatellite markers. The newly developed markers Xsdau K539 and Xsdau K561 co-segregated with Net Jing Y176 on chromosome arm 2DS. The tightly linked markers developed in this study were used to genotype 91 Ae. tauschii accessions. The marker genotype analysis suggested that 49.45% of the Ae. tauschii accessions carry Net Jing Y176. Interestingly, hybrid necrosis genotypes tended to appear more commonly in Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii than in Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata.

关键词： Aegilops tauschii Coss Hybrid necrosis Net Jing Y176 molecular marker

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The role of β18-β19 loop structure in insecticidal activity of Cry1Ac toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第20期53卷 3178-3184页

作者： XIA LiQiu WANG FaXiang DING XueZhi ZHAO XinMin FU ZuJiao QUAN MeiFang YU ZiNiu key laboratory of Microbial molecular biology of Hunan province College of Life Science Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China State key laboratory of agricultural Microbiology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

The β18-β19 loop in domain III of Cry1Ac toxin is unique among Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins. In this study, the role of the loop structure in insecticidal activity of Cry1Ac toxin was investigated. Alanine scanning mutations within the loop were initially generated and most mutants were over-expressed and reduced toxicity at different degrees, except mutant N546A that showed almost 2 times enhanced toxicity against Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Further mutagenic analysis of N546 revealed that a charged amino acid in this position would cause very unfavorable influence on insecticidal activity. In addition, the deletion of N546 led to protein instability because of destruction of the loop integrity. Besides, mutant W544F was much more toxic than W544Y, indicating that hydrophobic nature of the position was important for maintaining the stability and activity of Cry1Ac protein. These findings are the first biological evidence for a structural function of β18-β19 loop in insecticidal activity of the Cry1Ac toxin.

关键词：苏云金芽孢杆菌 Cry1Ac 杀虫剂杀虫活性环结构天冬酰胺酸色氨酸

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Cloning and characterization of a novel UDP-glycosyltransferase gene induced by DON from wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第5期14卷 830-838页

作者： MA Xin DU Xu-ye LIU Guo-juan YANG Zai-dong HOU Wen-qian WANG Hong-wei FENG De-shun LI An-fei KONG Ling-rang State key laboratory of Crop biology/Shandong key laboratory of Crop biology College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural University

Fusarium head blight（FHB）,caused primarily by Fusarium graminearum,is a destructive disease of wheat throughout the ***,the mechanisms of host resistance to FHB are still largely ***（DON）produced by F graminearum which enhances the pathogen to spread could be converted into inactive form D3 G by UDP-glycosyltransferases（UGTs）.A DON responsive UGT gene,designated as TaUGT4,was first cloned from wheat in this *** putative open reading frame（ORF） of TaUGT4 was 1386 bp,encoding 461 amino acids ***4 was placed on chromosome 2D using a set of nulli-tetrasomic lines of wheat cultivar Chinese Spring（CS）.When fused with eGFP at C terminal,TaUGT4 was shown to localize in cytoplasm of the transformed tobacco *** transcriptional analysis revealed that TaUGT4 was strongly induced by F graminearum or DON in both of FHB-resistant cultivar Sumai 3 and susceptible cultivar Kenong 199,especially in Sumai 3 under DON *** increase of TaUGT4 expression was observed in Sumai 3 and Kenong 199 in response to salicylic acid（SA） *** interestingly,the transcripts level of TaUGT4 in Sumai 3 showed significantly higher than that in Kenong 199 after treated with methyl jasmonate（MeJA）.According to the expression patterns,TaUGT4 might lead to different effects between FHB-resistant genotype and susceptible genotype in the process against F graminearum *** had also been discussed in this paper that JA signaling pathway might play a significant role in the resistance against *** compared to SA signaling pathway.

关键词： wheat cultivar chromosome designated genotype blight tobacco responsive susceptible pathogen

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Cell polarization in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and advances

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 632-645页

作者： Yuanwei Li Xiaoxiao Xu Xuan Wu Jiarui Li Shiling Chen Danyang Chen Gaigai Li Zhouping Tang Department of Neurology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates. Since the inflammation and immune response play a central role in driving ischemic damage, it becomes essential to modulate excessive inflammatory reactions to promote cell survival and facilitate tissue repair around the injury site. Various cell types are involved in the inflammatory response, including microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils, each exhibiting distinct phenotypic profiles upon stimulation. They display either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory states, a phenomenon known as ‘cell polarization.’ There are two cell polarization therapy strategies. The first involves inducing cells into a neuroprotective phenotype in vitro, then reintroducing them autologously. The second approach utilizes small molecular substances to directly affect cells in vivo. In this review, we elucidate the polarization dynamics of the three reactive cell populations(microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils) in the context of ischemic stroke, and provide a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms involved in their phenotypic switching. By unraveling the complexity of cell polarization, we hope to offer insights for future research on neuroinflammation and novel therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.

关键词： astrocyte polarization immune regulation inflammation ischemic injury microglia polarization neutrophil polarization signaling pathways stroke

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Over-expressed and truncated midkines promote proliferation of BGC823 cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第12期14卷 1858-1865页

作者： Qing-Ling Wang Hui Wang Shu-Li Zhao Ya-Hong Huang Ya-Yi Hou Immunology and Reproductive biology Lab Medical School and State Key Laboratory of PharmaceuticalBiotechnology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineNanjing University Nanjing 210093 Jiangsu Province China

AIM： To determine whether midkine （M/O and its truncated form （tMK） contribute to gastric tumorigenesis using in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS： Human MK and tMt（ plasmids were constructed and expressed in BGC823 （a gastric adenocarcinoma cell line） to investigate the effect of over-expressed MK or tMK on cell growth and turmorigenesis in nude mice. RESULTS： The growth of MK-transfected or tMK- transfected cells was significantly increased compared with that of the control cells, and tMK-transfected cells grew more rapidly than MK-transfected cells. The number of colony formation of the cells transfected with MK or tMK gene was larger than the control cells. In nude mice injected with MK-transfected or tMK-transfected cells, visible tumor was observed earlier and the tumor tissues were larger in size and weight than in control animals that were injected with cells without the transfection of either genes. CONCLUSION： Over-expressed MK or tMtC can promote human gastric cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and bMK has greater effect than MK. tMK may be a more promising gene therapeutic target compared with MK for treatment of malignant tumors.

关键词： Midkine Truncated midkine Gastric cancer BGC823 Tumorigenisis

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Melanin,DNA replication,and autophagy affect appressorium development in Setosphaeria turcica by regulating glycerol accumulation and metabolism

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第3期21卷 762-773页

作者： GUO Xiao-yue LIU Ning LIU Bing-hui ZHOU Li-hong CAO Zhi-yan HAN Jian-min DONG Jin-gao State key laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/key laboratory of Hebei province for Plant Physiology and molecular Pathology/Mycotoxin and molecular Plant Pathology laboratory Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001P.R.China

Setosphaeria turcica(*** turcicum)is the pathogenic fungus of maize(Zea mays)that causes northern leaf blight,which is a major maize disease *** appressoria are highly specialized infection structures formed by germinated conidia of *** that infect maize *** appressorium penetrates the plant cuticle by generating turgor,and glycerol is known to be the main source of the ***,the infection position penetrated by the appressorium on maize leaves was investigated,most of the germinated conidia entered the leaf interior by directly penetrating the epidermal cells,and the appressorium structure was necessary for the infection,whether it occurred through epidermal cells or ***,to investigate the effects of key factors in the development of the appressorium,we studied the effects of three inhibitors,including a melanin inhibitor(tricyclazole,TCZ),a DNA replication inhibitor(hydroxyurea,HU),and an autophagy inhibitor(3-methyladenine,3-MA),on appressorium turgor and glycerol *** results,appressorium turgor pressure and glycerol concentration in the appressorium reached their highest levels at the mature stage of the appressorium under the control and inhibitor *** three inhibitors had the greatest effects on appressorium turgor pressure at this *** and liposomes are the main substances producing *** was also found inhibitors affected the distribution of glycogen and liposomes,which were detected in the conidia,the germ tube,and the appressorium during appressorium *** study provides profound insight into the relationship between appressorium turgor pressure and glycerol content,which was affected by the synthesis of melanin,DNA replication,and autophagy in the developing appressorium during a *** infection.

关键词： melanin DNA replication autophagy appressorium development Setosphaeria turcica glycerol

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Genome-wide analysis of the synonymous codon usage patterns in apple

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第5期15卷 983-991页

作者： LI Ning SUN Mei-hong JIANG Ze-sheng SHU Huai-rui ZHANG Shi-zhong State key laboratory of Crop biology Shandong Agricultural University

Apple（Malus×domestica） has been proposed as an important woody plant and the major cultivated fruit trees in temperate regions. Apple whole genome sequencing has been completed, which provided an excellent opportunity for genome-wide analysis of the synonymous codon usage patterns. In this study, a multivariate bioinformatics analysis was performed to reveal the characteristics of synonymous codon usage and the main factors affecting codon bias in apple. The neutrality, correspondence, and correlation analyses were performed by Codon W and SPSS（Statistical Product and Service Solutions） programs, indicating that the apple genome codon usage patterns were affected by mutational pressure and selective constraint. Meanwhile, coding sequence length and the hydrophobicity of proteins could also influence the codon usage patterns. In short, codon usage pattern analysis and determination of optimal codons has laid an important theoretical basis for genetic engineering, gene prediction and molecular evolution studies in apple.

关键词： apple the synonymous codon usage patterns codon bias RSCU

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