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Turnover of diacylglycerol kinase 4 by cytoplasmic acidification induces vacuole morphological change and nuclear DNA degradation in the early stage of pear self-incompatibility response

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第12期63卷 2123-2135页

作者： Xiao-Xiong Kong Jia-Wei Mei Jing Zhang Xiao Liu Ju-You Wu Chun-Lei Wang School of Horticulture and Plant Protection International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product SafetyKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Pear has an S-RNase-based gametophytic selfincompatibility(SI)system.Nuclear DNA degradation is a typical feature of incompatible pollen tube death,and is among the many physiological functions of vacuoles.However,the specific changes that occur in vacuoles,as well as the associated regulatory mechanism in pear SI,are currently unclear.Although research in tobacco has shown that decreased activity of diacylglycerol kinase(DGK)results in the morphological change of pollen tube vacuole,whether DGK regulates the pollen tube vacuole of tree plants and whether it occurs in SI response,is currently unclear.We found that DGK activity is essential for pear pollen tube growth,and DGK4 regulates pollen tube vacuole morphology following its high expression and deposition at the tip and shank edge of the pollen tube of pear.Specifically,incompatible S-RNase may induce cytoplasmic acidification of the pollen tube by inhibiting V-ATPase V0 domain a1 subunit gene expression as early as 30 min after treatment,when the pollen tube is still alive.Cytoplasmic acidification induced by incompatible S-RNase results in reduced DGK4 abundance and deposition,leading to morphological change of the vacuole and fragmentation of nuclear DNA,which indicates that DGK4 is a key factor in pear SI response.

关键词： cytoplasmic acidification diacylglycerol kinase pear self-incompatibility vacuole V-ATPase

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Deciphering the morpho–physiological traits for high yield potential in nitrogen efficient varieties(NEVs):A japonica rice case study

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2022年第4期21卷 947-963页

作者： ZHU Kuan-yu YAN Jia-qian SHEN Yong ZHANG Wei-yang XU Yun-ji WANG Zhi-qin YANG Jian-chang Jiangsu key laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu key laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Joint International Research laboratory of agriculture and agri-product Safety Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

The use of nitrogen(N)-efficient rice(Oryza sativa L.) varieties could reduce excessive N input without sacrificing yields. However, the plant traits associated with N-efficient rice varieties have not been fully defined or comprehensively explored. Here, three japonica N-efficient varieties(NEVs) and three japonica N-inefficient varieties(NIVs) of rice were grown in a paddy field under N omission(0 N, 0 kg N ha^(-1)) and normal N(NN, 180 or 200 kg N ha^(-1)) treatments. Results showed that NEVs exhibited higher grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) than NIVs under both treatments, due to improved sink size and filled-grains percentage in the former which had higher root oxidation activity and greater root dry weight, root length and root diameter at panicle initiation(PI), as well as higher spikelet-leaf ratio and more productive tillers during the grain-filling stage. Compared with NIVs, NEVs also exhibited enhanced N translocation and dry matter accumulation after heading and improved flag leaf morpho-physiological traits, including greater leaf thickness and specific leaf weight and higher contents of ribulose^(-1),5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, chlorophyll, nitrogen, and soluble sugars, leading to better photosynthetic performance. Additionally, NEVs had a better canopy structure, as reflected by a higher ratio of the extinction coefficient for effective leaf N to the light extinction coefficient, leading to enhanced canopy photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation. These improved agronomic and physiological traits were positively and significantly correlated with grain yield and internal NUE, which could be used to select and breed N-efficient rice varieties.

关键词： rice N-efficient varieties nitrogen use efficiency root morpho–physiological traits nitrogen translocation leaf morphology canopy structure

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A fully dynamic forward-secure group signature from lattice

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Cybersecurity 2023年第1期6卷 40-53页

作者： Zhijian Liao Qiong Huang Xinjian Chen College of Mathematics and informatics South China Agricultural University483 Wushan RoadGuangzhou 510642China Guangzhou key laboratory of Intelligent agriculture 483 Wushan RoadGuangzhou 510642China

A forward-secure group signature(FSGS)ensures the unforgeability of signatures in the past time period despite signing secret key is leaked in the current time period.As we know,traditional FSGS schemes are mostly relying on number-theoretic assumptions unable to resist quantum attacks.Therefore,we present an efficient lattice-based fully dynamic(ie.users can flexibly join or quit the group)forward-secure group signature(DFSGS)by combining an improved version of FSGS scheme proposed by Ling.Based on an efficient zero-knowledge argument,we construct argument of knowledge of the committed value and the plaintext that help with privacy protection.Our DFSGS scheme is proved to be anonymous and forward-secure traceable relying on short integer solution and learning with errors assumptions in random oracle model.Moreover,the lengths of group public key and signature of our DFSGS scheme have been improved,and the length of user secret key has no connection with the quantity of group members.

关键词： Dynamic group signature Forward-secure Lattice SIS LWE Zero-knowledge argument

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Efficient and secure image authentication with robustness and versatility

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 179-196页

作者： Haixia CHEN Xinyi HUANG Wei WU Yi MU Fujian Provincial key laboratory of Network Security and Cryptology Center for Applied Mathematics of Fujian ProvinceCollege of Mathematics and Informatics Fujian Normal University

Image authentication is the technology of verifying image origin, integrity and authenticity. A rich stream of research on image authentication has shown various trade-off among four favorable features,namely robustness, security, versatility and efficiency. Image data authentication has the highest level of security but provides no robustness/versatility. Image content authentication from robust hashing keeps robust to limited types of operations, and as a result its versatility is not satisfactory. Existing designs of image content authentication from advanced cryptographic primitives achieve robustness, security and versatility, at the cost of low efficiency. In this paper, we present a new design of image authentication with an improved trade-off among the aforementioned features. Our versatile design is robust to a number of predefined image processing operations. Its security can be reduced to q-strong Diffie-Hellman(q-SDH), a complexity problem used by existing cryptographic algorithms. From the aspect of efficiency, the new design has a constant-size authentication overhead( ≤2 kB) and a constant verification time(around 0.05 s). While the time of generating authentication overhead increases linearly with the number of permissible editing operations, it only takes around 0.33 s for 1000 types of permissible operations. We believe the new design will facilitate image applications where trustworthy image editing is required.

关键词： image authentication image processing cryptography bilinear maps

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Short-wave infrared InGaAs photodetectors and focal plane arrays

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第12期27卷 57-63页

作者：张永刚顾溢邵秀梅李雪龚海梅方家熊 key laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences State key laboratory of Functional Materials for informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

In this article, unique spectral features of short-wave infrared band of 1 μm–3 μm, and various applications related to the photodetectors and focal plane arrays in this band, are introduced briefly. In addition, the different material systems for the devices in this band are outlined. Based on the background, the development of lattice-matched and wavelengthextended InGaAs photodetectors and focal plane arrays, including our continuous efforts in this field, are reviewed. These devices are concentrated on the applications in spectral sensing and imaging, exclusive of optical fiber communication.

关键词： InGaAs short-wave infrared photodetectors focal plane arrays

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Drug delivery system based on nanobubbles

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2022年第4期1卷 471-494页

作者： Juan Jin Li Yang Feng Chen Ning Gu School of Biomedical Engineering and informatics Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingP.R.China State key laboratory of Bioelectronics Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and DevicesSchool of Biological Sciences and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingP.R.China

Ultrasound(US)medical technology is widely used due to its advantages of safety,speed,and low cost.With the rapid development of biomedical nanotechnology,micro/nanobubbles,as US contrast agents,are not only valuable in US imaging diagnosis but also show broad application prospects in drug delivery.Nanobubbles(NBs)have more advantages as drug delivery systems(DDSs)due to their smaller size and longer circulation time compared with microbubbles.In this review,the fundamentals of NBs,including classification,stability mechanism,and preparation methods are summarized.Then,the strategies of a DDS based on NBs,including direct delivery,codelivery,target delivery,and stimuli-responsive delivery are reviewed and discussed.The three main applications of NBs-based DDSs,namely tumor theranostics,brain drug delivery,and vascular disease theranostics were highlighted.The challenges and future directions of the NBs-based DDSs are also considered and discussed.

关键词： drug delivery system nanobubbles theranostics ultrasound

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Assimilating ASAR Data for Estimating Soil Moisture Profile Using an Ensemble Kalman Filter

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第6期23卷 666-679页

作者： YU Fan LI Haitao GU Haiyan HAN Yanshun key laboratory of Geo-informatics of State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping

Active microwave remote sensing data were used to calculate the near-surface soil moisture in the vegetated areas.In this study,Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar(ASAR)observations of surface soil moisture content were used in a data assimilation framework to improve the estimation of the soil moisture profile at the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin,Northwest China.A one-dimensional soil moisture assimilation system based on the ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF),the forward radiative transfer model,crop model,and the Distributed Hydrology-Soil-Vegetation Model(DHSVM)was developed.The crop model,as a semi-empirical model,was used to estimate the surface backscattering of vegetated areas.The DHSVM is a distributed hydrology-vegetation model that explicitly represents the effects of topography and vegetation on water fluxes through the landscape.Numerical experiments were conducted to assimilate the ASAR data into the DHSVM and in situ soil moisture at the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin from June20 to July 15,2008.The results indicated that EnKF is effective for assimilating ASAR observations into the hydrological model.Compared with the simulation and in situ observations,the assimilated results were significantly improved in the surface layer and root layer,and the soil moisture varied slightly in the deep layer.Additionally,EnKF is an efficient approach to handle the strongly nonlinear problem which is practical and effective for soil moisture estimation by assimilation of remote sensing data.Moreover,to improve the assimilation results,further studies on obtaining more reliable forcing data and model parameters and increasing the efficiency and accuracy of the remote sensing observations are needed,also improving estimation accuracy of model operator is important.

关键词：土壤水分分布卡尔曼滤波器数据估算 ASAR 集合吸收黑河流域中游辐射传输模型

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The Influences of the Nozzle Throat Length and the Orifice Grooving Degree on Internal Flow Field for a Multi-Entry Fan Nozzle Based on FLUENT

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Engineering（科研） 2019年第11期11卷 777-790页

作者： Wei Deng Ruirui Zhang Gang Xu Longlong Li Qin Tang Min Xu Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for agriculture Beijing China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for agriculture Beijing China Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics Ministry of Agriculture Beijing China Beijing key laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology for agriculture Beijing China

Spray nozzle is a key component in equipment for plant protection and water-saving irrigation. The fan nozzle is a kind of spray nozzle, which is widely used in agriculture and forestry for irrigation and control of diseases, insects, and weeds. In consideration of the increasing velocity of the flow field, when the hydraulic pressure remains unchanged and the flow path becomes narrow, and because the increase of the velocity of spray drops can increase the penetrability of spray drops into the plant canopy, a kind of new fan nozzle with multi entries and simple inner structure was designed and the influences of its structure parameters on the inner flow field were analyzed using FLUENT software. The experimental results showed that the influence of the throat length on the inner flow field of the nozzle was insignificant, while the orifice grooving degree had a significant effect on inner flow field of the nozzle. The larger the grooving degree was, the smaller the pressure and velocity of internal flow field of the nozzle. The nozzle throat length had little influence on the velocity change of internal flow field. Positive correlation was shown between throat length and flow field velocity.

关键词： Fan Nozzle Orifice Spray FLUENT Multi-Entry Inner Flow Field

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Statistical analysis of the temporal single-photon response of superconducting nanowire single photon detection

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第6期24卷 150-154页

作者：何宇昊吕超林张伟君张露巫君杰陈思井尤立星王镇 State key laboratory of Functional Materials for informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

A new method to study the transient detection efficiency （DE） and pulse amplitude of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors （SNSPD） during the current recovery process is proposed -- statistically analyzing the single photon response under photon illumination with a high repetition rate. The transient DE results match well with the DEs deduced from the static current dependence of DE combined with the waveform of a single-photon detection event. This proves that static measurement results can be used to analyze the transient current recovery process after a detection event. The results are relevant for understanding the current recovery process of SNSPDs after a detection event and for determining the counting rate of SNSPDs.

关键词： single photon detector recovery process kinetic inductance

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An overview of detecting gene-trait associations by integrating GWAS summary statistics and eQTLs

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1133-1154页

作者： Yang Zhang Mengyao Wang Zhenguo Li Xuan Yang Keqin Li Ao Xie Fang Dong Shihan Wang Jianbing Yan Jianxiao Liu National key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University key laboratory of Smart Farming for agricultural Animals Huazhong Agricultural University Hubei key laboratory of agricultural Bioinformatics Huazhong Agricultural University College of informatics Huazhong Agricultural University College of Life Sciences Nankai University

Detecting genes that affect specific traits(such as human diseases and crop yields) is important for treating complex diseases and improving crop quality. A genome-wide association study(GWAS) provides new insights and directions for understanding complex traits by identifying important single nucleotide polymorphisms. Many GWAS summary statistics data related to various complex traits have been gathered recently. Studies have shown that GWAS risk loci and expression quantitative trait loci(e QTLs) often have a lot of overlaps, which makes gene expression gradually become an important intermediary to reveal the regulatory role of GWAS. In this review, we review three types of gene-trait association detection methods of integrating GWAS summary statistics and e QTLs data, namely colocalization methods, transcriptome-wide association study-oriented approaches, and Mendelian randomization-related methods. At the theoretical level, we discussed the differences, relationships, advantages, and disadvantages of various algorithms in the three kinds of gene-trait association detection methods. To further discuss the performance of various methods, we summarize the significant gene sets that influence highdensity lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglyceride reported in 16 studies. We discuss the performance of various algorithms using the datasets of the four lipid traits. The advantages and limitations of various algorithms are analyzed based on experimental results, and we suggest directions for follow-up studies on detecting gene-trait associations.

关键词： gene-trait association GWAS eQTL colocalization transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) Mendelian randomization (MR)

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