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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 195-205页

作者： Yanhua Wan Changyao Wang Xingmiao Zhang Yang Yin Mengmeng Liu Bing Ma Linlin Duan Yuzhu Ma Wei Zhang Changlin Zheng Dongliang Chao Fei Wang Yongyao Xia Wei Li Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceFudan University State key laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan University

Due to their uncontrollable assembly and crystallization process,the synthesis of mesoporous metal oxide single crystals remains a formidable ***,we report the synthesis of single-crystal-like mesoporous Li2TiSiO5by using soft micelles as *** key lies in the atomic-scale self-assembly and step-crystallization processes,which ensure the formation of single-crystal-like mesoporous Li2TiSiO5microparticles via an oriented attachment growth mechanism under the confinement of an in-situ formed carbon *** mesoporous Li2TiSiO5anode achieves a superior rate capability(148 mAh g-1at5.0 A g-1) and outstanding long-term cycling stability(138 mAh g-1after 3000 cycles at 2.0 A g-1) for lithium storage as a result of the ultrafast Li+diffusion caused by penetrating mesochannels and nanosized crystal frameworks（5-10 nm）.In comparison,bulk Li2TiSiO5exhibits poor rate capability and cycle performance due to micron-scale diffusion *** method is very simple and reproducible,heralding a new way of designing and synthesizing mesoporous single crystals with controllable frameworks and chemical functionalities.

关键词： mesoporous materials micelles single-crystal-like Li2TiSiO5 lithium-ion batteries

Bright dual-color electrochemiluminescence of a structurally determined Pt1Ag18 nanocluster

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 345-352页

作者： Bing Yin Lirong Jiang Xiaojian Wang Ying Liu Kaiyang Kuang Mengmeng Jing Chunmin Fang Chuanjun Zhou Shuang Chen Manzhou Zhu Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Centre for atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Chemistry and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized MaterialsAnhui UniversityHefeiChina

Metal nanoclusters possess excellent electrochemical,optical,and catalytic properties,but correlating these properties remains challenging,which is the foundation to generate electrochemiluminescence(ECL).Herein,we report for the first time that a structurally determined Pt1Ag18 nanocluster generates intense ECL and simultaneously enhances the ECL of carbon dots(CDs)via an electrocatalytic ***^(1)Ag_(18)nanocluster show aggregation-induced emission enhancement and aggregation-induced ECL enhancement under light and electrochemical stimulation,*** the presence of tripropylamine(TPrA)as a coreactant,solid Pt1Ag18 shows unprecedented ECL efficiency,which is more than nine times higher than that of 1 mM Ru(bpy)32+with the same TPrA ***-resolved ECL spectra reveal two ECL emission bands in the presence of *** ECL emission centered at 650 nm is assigned to the solid Pt_(1)Ag_(18)nanocluster,consistent with the peak wavelength in self-annihilation ECL and photoluminescence of the solid *** ECL emission centered at 820 nm is assigned to the CDs on the glassy carbon *** electrocatalytic effect of the nanoclusters enhanced the ECL of the CDs by a factor of more than 180 in comparison to that without *** on the combined optical and electrochemical results,the ECL generation pathways and mechanisms of Pt1Ag18 and CDs are *** findings are extremely promising for designing multifunctional nanocluster luminophores with strong emissions and developing ratiometric sensing devices.

关键词： AIECLE AIEE electrochemiluminescence nanocluster photoluminescence structure

Role of self-assembled molecules’anchoring groups for surface defect passivation and dipole modulation in inverted perovskite solar cells

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 108-115页

作者： Xiaoyu Wang Muhammad Faizan Kun Zhou Xinjiang Wang Yuhao Fu Lijun Zhang key laboratory of Superhard Materials College of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China State key laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOECollege of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Inverted perovskite solar cells have gained prominence in industrial advancement due to their easy fabrication,low hysteresis effects,and high *** these advantages,their efficiency is currently limited by excessive defects and poor carrier transport at the perovskite-electrode interface,particularly at the buried interface between the perovskite and transparent conductive oxide(TCO).Recent efforts in the perovskite community have focused on designing novel self-assembled molecules(SAMs)to improve the quality of the buried ***,a notable gap remains in understanding the regulation of atomic-scale interfacial properties of SAMs between the perovskite and TCO *** understanding is crucial,particularly in terms of identifying chemically active anchoring *** this study,we used the star SAM([2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid)as the base structure to investigate the defect passivation effects of eight common anchoring groups at the perovskite-TCO *** findings indicate that the phosphonic and boric acid groups exhibit notable *** groups fulfill three key criteria:they provide the greatest potential for defect passivation,exhibit stable adsorption with defects,and exert significant regulatory effects on interface *** anchoring groups exhibit enhanced passivation capabilities for defect energy levels due to their superior Lewis base properties,which effectively neutralize local charges near *** various defect types,iodine vacancies are the easiest to passivate,whereas iodine-substituted lead defects are the most challenging to *** study provides comprehensive theoretical insights and inspiration for the design of anchoring groups in SAMs,contributing to the ongoing development of more efficient inverted perovskite solar cells.

关键词： inverted perovskite solar cell defect passivation self-assembled molecule interface engineering first-principles calculation

Superior synergistic oxidation resistance of medium-entropy carbide ceramic powders rather than multi-phase carbide ceramic powders

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第8期13卷 1223-1233页

作者： Jiachen Li Fanyu Lu Tao Li Yanqin Fu Junhao Zhao Junshuai Lv Yulei Zhang Shaanxi key laboratory of Fiber Reinforced Light Composite Materials State Key Laboratory of Solidification ProcessingNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

To date,some questions about medium-entropy carbide ceramics and the corresponding multi-phase carbide ceramics with the same cations and proportions remain *** oxidation behavior,do both have synergistic oxidation abilities and what role does entropy stabilization play in medium-entropy carbides?In this work,the oxidation behaviors of HfC-ZrC-TiC multi-phase carbide(HZT-MPC)and(Hf_(1/3)Zr_(1/3)Ti_(1/3))C medium-entropy carbide(HZT-MEC)powders were *** thermogravimetry(TG)oxidation,the TG curve of HZT-MPC had a bimodal ***"preferential oxidation"of HfC/ZrC occurred within HZT-MPC,followed by the formation of multi-phase oxides(HfO_(2),ZrO_(2),and TiO_(2)).The uneven compositional distribution slowed their solid solution reactions to form Ti-doped(Hf,Zr)O_(2) and(Hf,Zr)TiO_(4).The TG curve of HZT-MEC had a single peak.A uniform compositional distribution at the atomic scale promoted the rapid interdiffusion of oxides,forming Ti-doped(Hf,Zr)O_(2) and(Hf,Zr)TiO_(4) without ZrO_(2),HfO_(2),and TiO_(2) after TG ***,HZT-MEC had a higher onset oxidation temperature(To;470℃)than did HZT-MPC(430℃),and the TG single peak of HZT-MEC was between the TG bimodal peaks of ***,HZT-MEC showed superior oxidation resistance compared to HZT-MPC,which was attributed to the entropy stabilization effect of HZT-MEC suppressing the"preferential oxidation"of HfC/ZrC and the"delayed oxidation"of TiC,promoting the synergistic oxidation ability of multiple principal elements.

关键词： medium-entropy carbide multi-phase carbide synergistic oxidation ability oxidation resistance

Strain engineering of Pt-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reaction reduction

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第2期18卷 241-262页

作者： Zeyu WANG Yanru LIU Shun CHEN Yun ZHENG Xiaogang FU Yan ZHANG Wanglei WANG State key laboratory of Solidification Processing Atomic Control and Catalysis Engineering LaboratorySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China State key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of Dental MaterialsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China Institute of New Energy Materials and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China key laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)are playing irreplaceable roles in the construction of the future sustainable energy ***,the insufficient performance of platinum(Pt)-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)hinders the overall efficiency of *** the surface strain of catalysts is considered an effective way to tune their electronic structures and therefore optimize catalytic *** this paper,insights into strain engineering for improving Pt-based catalysts toward ORR are elaborated in ***,recent advances in understanding the strain effects on ORR catalysts are comprehensively ***,strain engineering methodologies for adjusting Ptbased catalysts are comprehensively ***,further information on the various challenges and potential prospects for strain modulation of Pt-based catalysts is provided.

关键词： strain engineering Pt-based catalysts oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) catalytic performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)

FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 96-108页

作者： Wei Jiang Ping Cao Yi-Ming Wu Xian-Ke Liu Zhu-Jun Fang Zhi-Yong Zhang Bin Shi Jun Chen State key laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National key laboratory for Metrology and Calibration Techniques China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas *** address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online position reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber *** method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined *** performance test of the selfadaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99%,ensuring reliable data *** experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method’s resolution level of 5 *** beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction *** online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT.

关键词： Position reconstruction FPGA Readout electronics Neutron flux spatial distribution

The medium-temperature dependence of jet transport coefficient in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 173-191页

作者： Man Xie Qing-Fei Han En-Ke Wang Ben-Wei Zhang Han-Zhong Zhang key laboratory of atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control(MOE) Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of MatterInstitute of Quantum Matter South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint laboratory of Quantum Matter Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear ScienceSouthern Nuclear Science Computing CenterSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China key laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics(MOE)and Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China

The medium-temperature T dependence of the jet transport coefficient̂q was studied via the nuclear modification factor RAA(p_(T))and elliptical flow parameter v_(2)(p_(T))for large transverse momentum p_(T) hadrons in high-energy nucleus-nucleus *** a next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD parton model for hard scatterings with modified fragmentation functions due to jet quenching controlled by q,we check the suppression and azimuthal anisotropy for large p_(T) hadrons,and extract q by global fits to RAA(pT)and v_(2)(pT)data in A+A collisions at RHIC and LHC,*** numerical results from the best fits show that q∕T^(3) goes down with local medium-temperature T in the parton jet *** with the case of a constant q∕T^(3),the going-down T dependence of q∕T^(3) makes a hard parton jet to lose more energy near T_(c) and therefore strengthens the azimuthal anisotropy for large pT *** a result,v_(2)(p_(T))for large pT hadrons was enhanced by approximately 10%to better fit the data at RHIC/*** the first-order phase transition from QGP to the hadron phase and the additional energy loss in the hadron phase,v_(2)(p_(T))is again enhanced by 5-10%at RHIC/LHC.

关键词： Jet quenching Jet transport parameter Hadron suppression Elliptic flow coefficient Energy loss asymmetry

Benchmark experiment on slab^(238)U with D-T neutrons for validation of evaluated nuclear data

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 145-159页

作者： Yan-Yan Ding Yang-Bo Nie Yue Zhang Zhi-Jie Hu Qi Zhao Huan-Yu Zhang Kuo-Zhi Xu Shi-Yu Zhang Xin-Yi Pan Chang-Lin Lan Jie Ren Xi-Chao Ruan key laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Fluid Physics China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 62100China

A benchmark experiment on^(238)U slab samples was conducted using a deuterium-tritium neutron source at the China Institute of atomic *** leakage neutron spectra within energy levels of 0.8-16 MeV at 60°and 120°were measured using the time-of-flight *** samples were prepared as rectangular slabs with a 30 cm square base and thicknesses of 3,6,and 9 *** leakage neutron spectra were also calculated using the MCNP-4C program based on the latest evaluated files of^(238)U evaluated neutron data from CENDL-3.2,ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0,JENDL-5.0,and *** on the comparison,the deficiencies and improvements in^(238)U evaluated nuclear data were *** results showed the following.(1)The calculated results for CENDL-3.2 significantly overestimated the measurements in the energy interval of elastic scattering at 60°and 120°.(2)The calculated results of CENDL-3.2 overestimated the measurements in the energy interval of inelastic scattering at 120°.(3)The calculated results for CENDL-3.2 significantly overestimated the measurements in the 3-8.5 MeV energy interval at 60°and 120°.(4)The calculated results with JENDL-5.0 were generally consistent with the measurement results.

关键词： Leakage neutron spectra Uranium D-T neutron source Evaluated nuclear data

Production and test of sPHENIX W/SciFiber electromagnetic calorimeter blocks in China

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第8期35卷 167-176页

作者： Xiao‑Zhou Yu Xi‑Yang Wang Wei‑Hu Ma Shi‑Hong Fu Peng‑Fei Sun Jin‑Xing Song Wan‑Bing He Yang Shen Long Ma Jin‑Hui Chen Huan‑Zhong Huang Si‑Guang Wang Jing Zhou Xiao‑Mei Li Institute of Modern Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion‑Beam Application(MOE) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Science and Technology on Nuclear Data laboratory China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA State key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The sPHENIX experiment is a new generation of large acceptance detectors at the relativistic heavy ion collider at Brookhaven National laboratory,with scientific goals focusing on probing the strongly interacting Quark–Gluon plasma with hard probes of jets,open heavy flavor particles,andγ*** EMCal detector,which covers the pseudo-rapidity region of|η|≤1.1,is an essential subsystem of *** this study,we focused on producing and testing EMCal blocks covering a pseudo-rapidity of|η|∈[0.8,1.1].These,in conjunction with the central pseudo-rapidity EMCal blocks,significantly enhance the sPHENIX physics capability of the jet andγparticle *** this paper,the detector module production and testing of sPHENIX W-powder/scintillating fiber(W/ScFi)electromagnetic calorimeter blocks are *** selection of the tungsten powder,mold fabrication,QA procedures,and cosmic ray test results are discussed.

关键词： sPHENIX Tungsten/scintillating fiber electromagnetic calorimeter Cosmic ray test

Detection of a temporal salient object benefits from visual stimulus-specific adaptation in avian midbrain inhibitory nucleus

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 288-306页

作者： Jiangtao WANG Xiaoping RAO Shuman HUANG Zhizhong WANG Xiaoke NIU Minjie ZHU Songwei WANG Li SHI Department of Automation Zhengzhou University School of Electrical EngineeringZhengzhouChina State key laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and atomic and Molecular Physics National Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanKey Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological SystemsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Food and predators are the most noteworthy objects for the basic survival of wild animals,and both are often deviant in both spatial and temporal domains and quickly attract an animal’s *** stimulus-specific adaptation(SSA)is considered a potential neural basis of salient sound detection in the temporal domain,related research on visual SSA is limited and its relationship with temporal saliency is *** avian nucleus isthmi pars magnocellularis(Imc),which is central to midbrain selective attention network,is an ideal site to investigate the neural correlate of visual SSA and detection of a salient object in the time ***,the constant order paradigm was applied to explore the visual SSA in the Imc of *** results showed that the firing rates of Imc neurons gradually decrease with repetitions of motion in the same direction,but recover when a motion in a deviant direction is presented,implying visual SSA to the direction of a moving ***,enhanced response for an object moving in other directions that were not presented ever in the paradigm is also *** verify the neural mechanism underlying these phenomena,we introduced a neural computation model involving a recoverable synaptic change with a“center-surround”pattern to reproduce the visual SSA and temporal saliency for the moving *** results suggest that the Imc produces visual SSA to motion direction,allowing temporal salient object detection,which may facilitate the detection of the sudden appearance of a predator.

关键词： adaptation attention model pigeon saliency