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Effects of Corticosterone, cAMP, cGMP, Ca^(2+), and Protein Kinase C on Apoptosis of Mouse Thymocytes Induced by X-ray Irradiation

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2008年第2期21卷 167-172页

作者： SHOU-LIANG GONG LI-HUA DONG GUANG-WEI LIU PING-SHENG GONG WEN-TIAN LU HONG-GUANG ZHAO XIAO-JING JIA YONG ZHAO key laboralory of radiobiology unit Ministry of Health （School of Public Health Jilin University）Changchun 130021 Jilin China Transplantation Biology Research Division State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Biotechnology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080 China key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering Ministry of Education Jinlin University Changchun 130023 Jilin China

Objective To observe the effects of signal factors of corticosterone （CS）, cAMP, cGMP, Ca^2＋ and protein kinase C （PKC） on lymphocyte apoptosis in mouse thymus induced by X-rays of 4 Gy in vitro. Methods The DNA lyric rate for thymocytes was measured by fluomspectrophotometry. Results The DNA lyric rate for thymocytes 4-8 hours after irradiation with 2-8 Gy was significantly higher than that in the control （P〈0.01）. As compared with the control, the DNA lyric rate for thymocytes treated with 0.01 μnol/L CS （P〈0.01）, 50 ng/mL cAMP （P〈0.01）, 0.05-0.4 μg/mL ionomycin （Iono, P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） or 0.05-0.4 ng/mL phorbol myristate acetate （PMA, P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, respectively, was significantly increased, while the rate for thymocytes treated with 50 ng/mL cGMP was not significantly increased. The DNA lyric rate for thymocytes treated with 0.01 μmol/L CS （P〈0.01）, 50 ng/mL cAMP （P〈0.01）, 0.2 and 0.4 μg/mL Iono （P〈0.05）, and 0.2 and 0.4 ng/mL PMA （P〈0.05） plus 4-Gy irradiation, respectively, was significantly higher than that treated with single 4-Gy irradiation, while the rate for thymocytes treated with 50 ng/mL cGMP plus 4-Gy irradiation was not increased. When both 0.4 ***/mL Iono and 0.4 ng/mL PMA acted on the thymocytes, the DNA lyric rate for thymocytes was significantly higher than that in the control （P〈0.01）, the DNA lytic rate for thymocytes treated with both 0.4 μg/mL Iono and 0.4 ng/mL PMA plus 4-Gy irradiation was significantly higher than that treated with single 4-Gy irradiation （P〈0.05）, but was Iono plus 4-Gy irradiation or 0.4 ng/mL PMA plus 4-Gy irradiation. can promote thymocyte apoptosis induced by larger dose X-rays. not significantly higher than that treated with 0.4 μg/mL Conclusion CS, cAMP, Ca^2＋, and PKC signal factors can promote thymocyte apoptosis induced by larger dose X-rays.

关键词： Corticosterone cAMP cGMP Ca^2+ PKC X-ray irradiation Lymphocyte Apoptosis

Curcumin from Jianghuang (Rhizoma Curcumae Longae) protects against exposure to ultraviolet B by antioxidation and attenuating mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020年第5期40卷 782-791页

作者： Hou Jiguang Fang Fang Kang Shunai Wang Zhicheng Yang Yanming Department of Radiotherapy Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041China NHC key laboratory of radiobiology(Jilin University) School of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of curcumin extracted from Jianghuang(Rhizoma Curcumae Longae)against ultraviolet B(UVB)and the possible ***:Effects of curcumin were detected in vivo and in *** changes of white guinea pig skin were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin *** CaT cell proliferation was measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium broide(MTT)*** cell cycle distribution,apoptotic rate,level of reactive oxygen species(ROS),mitochondrial membrane potential,and intracellullar calcium ion concentration of Ha CaT cells were detected by flow *** levels in skin tissues and Ha Cat cells were measured by biochemical ***:UVB inhibited in vitro cell proliferation by inducing G2/M arrest,increasing ROS,apoptosis,and necrosis,and decreasing B-cell lymphoma-2,and increasing Bax,cytochrome c,and caspase-3 ***:Curcumin blocks the effects of UVB by reducing ROS and apoptosis,and reversing UVB-induced changes in the expression of apoptotic *** mitochondrial pathway is involved in curcumin-regulated apoptosis.

关键词： Ultraviolet rays Curcumin Antioxidants Apoptosis Mitochondria

MiR-663a Inhibits Radiation-Induced Epithelium-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting TGF-β1

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期35卷 437-447页

作者： QU Pei SHAO Zhi Ang WANG Bing HE Jin Peng ZHANG Ya Nan WEI Wen Jun HUA Jun Rui ZHOU Heng LU Dong DING Nan WANG Ju Fang key Laboratory of Space radiobiology of Gansu Province&key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000GansuChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Objective miR-663 a has been reported to be downregulated by X-ray irradiation and participates in radiation-induced bystander effect via TGF-β*** goal of this study was to explore the role of mi R-663 a during radiation-induced Epithelium-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).Methods TGF-β1 or IR was used to induce *** mi R-663 a transfection,cell migration and cell morphological changes were detected and the expression levels of mi R-663 a,TGF-β1,and EMT-related factors were *** Enhancement of cell migration and promotion of mesenchymal changes induced by either TGF-β1 or radiation were suppressed by mi R-663 ***,both X-ray and carbon ion irradiation resulted in the upregulation of TGF-β1 and downregulation of mi R-663 a,while the silencing of TGF-β1 by mi R-663 a reversed the EMT process after *** Our findings demonstrate an EMT-suppressing effect by mi R-663 a via TGF-β1 in radiationinduced EMT.

关键词： Epithelium-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT) Ionizing Radiation TGF-β1 microRNA miR-663a

2-Gy whole-body irradiation significantly alters the balance of CD4^(+)CD25^(-) T effector cells and CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Foxp3^(+) T regulatory cells in mice

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第6期7卷 419-427页

作者： Yanyan Qu Baojun Zhang Shuchun Liu Aijun Zhang Tingting Wu Yong Zhao Transplantation Biology Research Division State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane BiotechnologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina key Laboratory of radiobiology Ministry of HealthSchool of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchunChina Department of Hematology Qilu HospitalShandong UniversityJinanChina

CD4^(+)CD25^(+) T regulatory(Treg)cells are critical in inducing and maintaining immunological self-tolerance as well as transplant *** effect of low doses of whole-body irradiation(WBI)on CD41CD251Foxp31 Treg cells has not been *** proportion,phenotypes and function of CD4^(+)CD25^(+) Treg cells were investigated 0.5,5 and 15 days after euthymic,thymectomized or allogeneic bone marrow transplanted C57BL/6 mice received 2-Gy c-rays of *** 2-Gy WBI significantly enhanced the ratios of CD41CD251 Treg cells and CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Foxp3^(+) Treg cells to CD41 T cells in peripheral blood,lymph nodes,spleens and thymi of *** CD41CD251 Treg cells of the WBI-treated mice showed immunosuppressive activities on the immune response of CD4^(+)CD25^(+) T effector cells to alloantigens or mitogens as efficiently as the control ***,2-Gy c-ray WBI significantly increased the percentage of CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Foxp3^(+) Treg cells in the periphery of either thymectomized mice or allogeneic bone marrow transplanted *** in vitro assay showed that ionizing irradiation induced less cell death in CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Foxp3^(+) Treg cells than in CD4^(+)CD25^(+) T ***,a low dose of WBI could significantly enhance the level of functional CD41CD251Foxp31 Treg cells in the periphery of naive or immunized *** enhanced proportion of CD41CD251Foxp31 Treg cells in the periphery by a low dose of WBI may make hosts more susceptible to immune tolerance induction.

关键词： CD4^(+)CD25^(+)Foxp3^(+)Treg cells Foxp3 c-ray irradiation immune tolerance

DNA damage repair:historical perspectives,mechanistic pathways and clinical translation for targeted cancer therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第8期6卷 2391-2425页

作者： Ruixue Huang Ping-Kun Zhou Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Xiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Department of Radiation Biology Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineAMMSBeijingChina

Genomic instability is the hallmark of various cancers with the increasing accumulation of DNA *** application of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment is typically based on this property of ***,the adverse effects including normal tissues injury are also accompanied by the radiotherapy and *** cancer therapy has the potential to suppress cancer cells'DNA damage response through tailoring therapy to cancer patients lacking specific DNA damage response ***,understanding the broader role of DNA damage repair in cancers has became a basic and attractive strategy for targeted cancer therapy,in particular,raising novel hypothesis or theory in this field on the basis of previous scientists'findings would be important for future promising druggable emerging *** this review,we first illustrate the timeline steps for the understanding the roles of DNA damage repair in the promotion of cancer and cancer therapy developed,then we summarize the mechanisms regarding DNA damage repair associated with targeted cancer therapy,highlighting the specific proteins behind targeting DNA damage repair that initiate functioning abnormally duo to extrinsic harm by environmental DNA damage factors,also,the DNA damage baseline drift leads to the harmful intrinsic targeted cancer *** addition,clinical therapeutic drugs for DNA damage and repair including therapeutic effects,as well as the strategy and scheme of relative clinical trials were intensive *** on this background,we suggest two hypotheses,namely"environmental gear selection”to describe DNA damage repair pathway evolution,and"DNA damage baseline drift”,which may play a magnified role in mediating repair during cancer *** two new hypothesis would shed new light on targeted cancer therapy,provide a much better or more comprehensive holistic view and also promote the development of new research direction and new overcoming strategies for

关键词： damage clinical targeted

Space Life Science of China in 2013

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空间科学学报 2014年第5期34卷 747-756页

作者： LEI Runhong ZHOU Guangming MA Hong ZHUANG Fengyuan DENG Yulin School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Space radiobiology Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and MedicineInstitute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In the past two years, space life science research in China is characterized by a wide area of basic researches for providing foundation for the future China Space Station. The effect of microgravity and radiation was further studied from physiology phenomena to the level of bio-molecule mechanisms. Chinese space life science is maturing in a new era of comprehensive ***, we review and summarize researches on space life sciences which were contributed by Chinese scientists.

关键词： Space life sciences Simulated microgravity Ionizing radiation

Effects of 3-aminobenzamide on poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase expression,apoptosis and cell cycle progression of HeLa cells after X-ray irradiation

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Frontiers of Medicine 2008年第2期2卷 204-206页

作者： Xiang DU Hongguang ZHAO Wen WANG Wei GUO Shouliang GONG key Laboratory of radiobiology of Ministry of Health School of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Department of Toxicology School of Public HealthJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

The aim of this paper is to study the changes of apoptosis and cell cycle progression in HeLa cells after the poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)was inhibited by its inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide(3-AB)and the mechan-isms of PARP action on HeLa cells damaged by *** cytometry(FCM)was used to examine the PARP expression and the percentage of apoptotic cells and cell cycle *** percentage of HeLa cells with positive expression of PARP protein 2,4,8 and 12 h after administrated with 3-AB was significantly lower than that of the control(P<0.01).The percentages of apoptotic cells in the 3-AB plus irradiation group at the time points of 2,8,12 and 24 h after 2 Gy irradiation were higher than that in the irradiation group(P<0.01 or P<0.05)and the percentage of G2 cells decreased signifi-cantly(P<0.01 or P<0.05).It indicates that 3-AB can rapidly inhibit PARP expression of HeLa cells,promote cell apoptosis and block G2 arrest induced by irradiation.

关键词： poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase ADP ribose transferases 3-aminobenzamide ionizing irradiation

Three-dimensional Culture of Human Airway Epithelium in Matrigel for Evaluation of Human Rhinovirus C and Bocavirus Infections

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第2期31卷 136-145页

作者： CHEN Ya Xiong XIE Guang Cheng PAN Dong DU Ya Rong PANG Li Li SONG Jing Dong DUAN Zhao Jun HU Bu Rong key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences & key Laboratory of Space radiobiology of Gansu Province Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Pathogenic Biology Chengde Medical University Department for Viral Diarrhea National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Objective Newly identified human rhinovirus C （HRV-C） and human bocavirus （HBoV） cannot propagate in vitro in traditional cell culture models; thus obtaining knowledge about these viruses and developing related vaccines are difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel platform for the propagation of these types of *** A platform for culturing human airway epithelia in a three-dimensional （3D） pattern using Matrigel as scaffold was developed. The features of 3D culture were identified by immunochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy. Nucleic acid levels of HRV-C and HBoV in 3D cells at designated time points were quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction {PCR）. Levels of cytokines, whose secretion was induced by the viruses, were measured by *** Properties of bronchial-like tissues, such as the expression of biomarkers CK5, ZO-2, and PCK, and the development of cilium-like protuberances indicative of the human respiration tract, were observed in 3D-cultured human airway epithelial （HAE） cultures, but not in monolayer-cultured cells. Nucleic acid levels of HRV-C and HBoV and levels of virus-induced cytokines were also measured using the 3D culture *** Our data provide a preliminary indication that the 3D culture model of primary epithelia using a Matrigel scaffold in vitro can be used to propagate HRV-C and HBoV.

关键词： 3D cell culture Human airway epithelium (HAE) Human rhinovirus C Human bocavirus Propagation

Bone Loss Induced by Simulated Microgravity,Ionizing Radiation and/or Ultradian Rhythms in the Hindlimbs of Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第2期31卷 126-135页

作者： ZHANG Ya Nan SHI Wen Gui LI He HUA Jun Rui FENG Xiu WEI Wen Jun WANG Ju Fang HE Jin Peng LEI Su Wen key Laboratory of Space radiobiology of Gansu Province&CAS key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000GansuChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Office of Health Standards Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective To better understand the pathological causes of bone loss in a space environment, including microgravity, ionizing radiation, and ultradian *** Sprague Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a baseline group, a control group, a hindlimb suspension group, a radiation group, a ultradian rhythms group and a combined-three-factor group. After four weeks of hindlimb suspension followed by X-ray exposure and/or ultradian rhythms, biomechanical properties, bone mineral density, histological analysis, microstructure parameters, and bone turnover markers were detected to evaluate bone loss in hindlimbs of *** Simulated microgravity or combined-three factors treatment led to a significant decrease in the biomechanical properties of bones, reduction in bone mineral density, and deterioration of trabecular parameters. Ionizing radiation exposure also showed adverse impact while ultradian rhythms had no significant effect on these outcomes. Decrease in the concentration of the turnover markers bone alkaline phosphatase （bALP）, osteocalcin （OCN）, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b （TRAP-Sb） in serum was in line with the changes in trabecular *** Simulated microgravity is the main contributor of bone loss. Radiation also results in deleterious effects but ultradian rhythms has no significant effect. Combined-three factors treatment do not exacerbate bone loss when compared to simulated microgravity treatment alone.

关键词： Bone loss Microgravity Radiation Ultradian rhythms