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Fusion SST from Infrared and Microwave Measurement of FY-3D Meteorological Satellite

Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第1期30卷 89-96页

作者：张淼徐娜陈林 National Satellite Meteorological Center/National Center for Space Weather Beijing 100081 China Innovation Center for Fengyun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC) Beijing 100081 China key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China

Sea surface temperature(SST)is one of the important parameters of global ocean and climate research,which can be retrieved by satellite infrared and passive microwave remote sensing *** satellite infrared SST offers high spatial resolution,it is limited by cloud *** the other hand,passive microwave SST provides all-weather observation but suffers from poor spatial resolution and susceptibility to environmental factors such as rainfall,coastal effects,and high wind *** achieve high-precision,comprehensive,and high-resolution SST data,it is essential to fuse infrared and microwave SST *** this study,data from the Fengyun-3D(FY-3D)medium resolution spectral imager II(MERSI-II)SST and microwave imager(MWRI)SST were ***,the accuracy of both MERSIII SST and MWRI SST was verified,and the latter was bilinearly interpolated to match the 5km resolution grid of MERSI *** pretreatment and quality control of MERSI SST and MWRI SST,a Piece-Wise Regression method was employed to correct biases in MWRI ***,SST data were selected based on spatial resolution and accuracy within a 3-day window of the analysis ***,an optimal interpolation method was applied to fuse the FY-3D MERSI-II SST and MWRI *** results demonstrated a significant improvement in spatial coverage compared to MERSI-II SST and MWRI ***,the fusion SST retained true spatial distribution details and exhibited an accuracy of–0.12±0.74℃compared to OSTIA *** study has improved the accuracy of FY satellite fusion SST products in China.

关键词： SST data fusion FY3 infrared microwave

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Cloud-Type-Dependent 1DVAR Algorithm for Retrieving Hydrometeors and Precipitation in Tropical Cyclone Nanmadol from GMI Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 407-419页

作者： Linjun HAN Fuzhong WENG Hao HU Xiuqing HU School of the Environment China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre Beijing 100081China key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites National Satellite Meteorological Center(National Center for Space Weather)of CMABeijing 100081China

Understanding the structure of tropical cyclone(TC)hydrometeors is crucial for detecting the changes in the distribution and intensity of *** this study,the GMI brightness temperature and cloud-dependent 1DVAR algorithm were used to retrieve the hydrometeor profiles and surface rain rate of TC Nanmadol(2022).The Advanced Radiative Transfer Modeling System(ARMS)was used to calculate the Jacobian and degrees of freedom(△DOF)of cloud water,rainwater,and graupel for different channels of GMI in convective *** retrieval results were compared with the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar(DPR),GMI 2A,and IMERG *** is shown that from all channels of GMI,rain water has the highest△DOF,at *** to the radiance Jacobian to atmospheric state variables,cloud water emission dominates its *** rain water,the emission of channels 1–4 dominates *** with the GMI 2A precipitation product,the 1DVAR precipitation rate has a higher correlation coefficient(0.713)with the IMERG product and can better reflect the location of TC *** the TC eyewall,the highest radar echo top indicates strong *** the melting layer where Ka-band attenuation is strong,the double frequency difference of DPR data reflects the location of the *** DPR drop size distribution(DSD)product shows that there is a significant increase in particle size below the melting layer in the spiral rain ***,the particle size may be one of the main reasons for the smaller rain water below the melting layer retrieved from 1DVAR.

关键词： cloud-dependent 1DVAR hydrometeor precipitation GMI DPR

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Characteristics of Lightning Activity in Southeast China and its Relation to the Atmospheric Background

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第1期30卷 76-88页

作者：支树林朱杰刘岩毛梦妮 Jiangxi Meteorological Observatory Nanchang 330096 China key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites National Satellite Meteorological Center(National Center for Space Weather)China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030 China Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC) Beijing 100081 China key laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjing 210041 China key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster(KLME) Ministry of Education&Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CICFEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210041 China Jiujiang Observatory JiujiangJiangxi 332000 China

Based on the lightning observation data from the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A)Lightning Mapping Imager(FY-4A/LMI)and the Lightning Imaging Sensor(LIS)on the International Space Station(ISS),we extract the“event”type data as the lightning detection *** observations are then compared with the cloud-to-ground(CG)lightning observation data from the China Meteorological *** study focuses on the characteristics of lightning activity in Southeast China,primarily in Jiangxi Province and its adjacent areas,from April to September,2017–*** addition,with the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data,we further delved into the potential factors influencing the distribution and variations in lightning activity and their primary related *** findings indicate that the lightning frequency and density of the FY-4A/LMI,ISS-LIS and CG data are higher in southern and central Jiangxi,central Fujian Province,and western and central Guangdong Province,while they tend to be lower in eastern Hunan *** general,the high-value areas of lightning density for the FY-4A/LMI are located in inland mountainous *** lower the latitude is,the higher the CG lightning density ***-value areas of the CG lightning density are more likely to be located in eastern Fujian and southeastern Zhejiang ***,the high-value areas of lightning density for the ISS-LIS are more dispersed,with a scattered distribution in inland mountainous areas and along the coast of eastern ***,the mountainous terrain is closely related to the high-value areas of the lightning *** locations of the high-value areas of the lightning density for the FY-4A/LMI correspond well with those for the CG observations,and the seasonal variations are also *** contrast,the distribution of the high-value areas of the lightning density for the ISS-LIS is more *** positions of the peak frequency of the FY-4A/LMI lightnin

关键词： lightning satellite and ground detections atmospheric background Southeast China

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Progress of Fengyun Meteorological satellites Since 2020

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空间科学学报 2022年第4期42卷 724-732页

作者： ZHANG Peng XU Zhe GUAN Min XIE Lizi XIAN Di LIU Chang key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites Beijing 100081 National Satellite Meteorological Center(National Center for Space Weather) Beijing 100081

China’s efforts to develop Fengyun meteorological satellites have made major strides over the past 50 years,with the polar and geostationary meteorological satellite series achieving continuously stable operation to persistently provide data and product services *** the end of 2021,19 Chinese self-developed Fengyun meteorological satellites have been launched *** of them are in operation at present,the data and products are widely applied to weather analysis,numerical weather forecasting and climate prediction,as well as environment and disaster *** the last COSPAR report,FY-4B,the first new-generation operational geostationary satellite,and FY-3E,the first early-morning orbit satellite in China’s polar-orbiting meteorological satellite family have been launched in *** characteristics of the two latest satellites and the instruments onboard are addressed in this *** status of current Fengyun satellites,product and data service and international cooperation and supporting activities has been introduced as well.

关键词： Fengyun meteorological satellite Early morning orbit Product and data service International co-operation and supporting

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FY-4A/GIIRS Temperature validation in Winter and Application to Cold Wave Monitoring

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第4期36卷 658-676页

作者： Suling REN Jianying JIANG Xiang FANG Hui LIU Zhiqiang CAO key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites Innovation Center for Fengyun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC)National Satellite Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

In order to improve the operational application ability of the Fengyun-4A(FY-4A)new sounding dataset,in this paper,validation of the FY-4A Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder(FY-4A/GIIRS)temperature was carried out using the balloon sounding temperature from meteorological sounding *** than 350,000 samples were obtained through time–space matching,and the results show that the FY-4A/GIIRS temperature mean bias(MB)is 0.07°C,the mean absolute error(MAE)is 1.80°C,the root-mean-square error(RMSE)is 2.546°C,and the correlation coefficient(RR)is *** FY-4A/GIIRS temperature error is relatively larger in the upper and lower troposphere,and relatively smaller in the middle troposphere;that is,the temperature at 500 hPa is better than that at 850 *** temporal variation is smaller in the upper and middle troposphere than in the lower *** reconstruction of missing data of FY-4A/GIIRS temperature in cloudy areas is also carried out and the results are *** spatial distribution of reconstructed FY-4A/GIIRS temperature and the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis(ERA5)data is consistent and completely retains the minimum temperature center with high precision of FY-4A/*** are more detailed characteristics of intensity and position at the cold center than that of the reanalysis ***,an operational satellite retrieval temperature product with time–space continuity and high accuracy is *** reconstructed FY-4A/GIIRS temperature is used to monitor a strong cold wave event in November *** results show that the product effectively monitors the movement and intensity of cold air activities,and it also has good indication for the phase transition of rain and snow triggered by cold wave.

关键词： Fengyun-4A Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder(FY-4A/GIIRS) temperature profile,cold wave Cressman interpolation algorithm

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Fast CO_(2) Retrieval Using a Semi-Physical Statistical Model for the High-Resolution Spectrometer on the Fengyun-3D Satellite

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第2期36卷 374-386页

作者： Yanmeng BI Peng ZHANG Zhongdong YANG Qian WANG Xingying ZHANG Chengbao LIU Pengmei XU Lizhou HOU Junyu KE Naiqiang ZHANG Innovation Center for Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental SatellitesNational Satellite Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 China Academy of Space Technology Beijing 100081 Huayun ShineTek Beijing 100081

China’s Fengyun-3D meteorological satellite launched in December 2016 carries the high-resolution greenhouse-gases absorption spectrometer(GAS)aimed at providing global observations of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)).To date,GAS is one of the few instruments measuring CO_(2) from the near-infrared *** orbit,the oxygen(O_(2))A band suffers a disturbance,and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)is significantly lower than the nominal *** leads to difficulties in the retrieval of surface pressure and hence a degradation of the retrieval of the column-averaged CO_(2) dry air mole fraction(XCO_(2))if a full physics retrieval algorithm is ***,a fast CO_(2) inverse method,named semi-physical statistical algorithm,was developed to overcome this *** instrument characteristics,the semi-physical statistical algorithm,and the results of comparison with ground-based measurements over land were introduced in this ***_(2) can be obtained from three bands,namely,the O_(2) A,weak CO_(2),and strong CO_(2) bands,with compensation from the Medium Resolution Spectral Imager-2(MERSI-2)products,ECMWF Reanaly-sis v5(ERA-5)data,and Total Carbon Column Observing Network(TCCON)*** eigenvectors of covariance matrices and the least square fits were used to derive retrieval coefficients and yield cloud-free *** addition to the GAS radiance,some key factors necessary for the accurate estimations of XCO_(2) were also taken as input information(e.g.,air mass,surface pressure,and a priori XCO_(2)).The global GAS XCO_(2) restricted over land was compared against the simultaneously collocated observations from *** retrieval algorithm can mitigate the issue caused by the low SNR of the O_(2) A band to a certain ***,through site-by-site comparisons,GAS XCO_(2) agreed well with the average precision(1σ)of 1.52 ppm and bias of−0.007 *** seasonal variation trends of GAS XCO_(2) can be clearly seen at TCCON sites on the 1-yr timescale.

关键词： carbon dioxide fast retrieval Fengyun-3 high-resolution spectrometer

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Study on validation method of visible imagery spatial resolution of imager on geostationary platform

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Chinese Optics Letters 2006年第7期4卷 389-392页

作者：郭强 key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites China Meteorological Administration

Based on the analysis for the main elements of the total modulation transfer function （MTF） of imager on geostationary platform, the precise evaluation for its low spatial frequency spectrum has been achieved. Meanwhile, it is pointed out that the main cause of imagery spatial resolution lower than the designed value is the ＂slight defocus＂ of imager focal plane array （FPA）. The validation method for visible imagery spatial resolution is proposed based on the analysis of defocused optical system model and edge-spread-function （ESF）, the relative error is less than 7% after alleviating stray light effects. This method has been applied in the in-orbit ground testing of FY-2C geostationary meteorological satellite successfully.

关键词： Modulation Optical systems Optical transfer function Stray light Weather satellites

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Evaluation of Reprocessed Fengyun-3B Global Outgoing Longwave Radiation Data:Comparison with CERES OLR

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第3期36卷 417-428页

作者： Wanchun ZHANG Jian LIU Peng ZHANG Ling SUN Hanlie XU Yanjiao WANG Lin CHEN key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites National Satellite Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Innovation Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Outgoing longwave radiation(OLR)at the top of the atmosphere(TOA)is a key parameter for understanding and interpreting the relationship between clouds,radiation,and climate *** has been one of the operational products of the Fengyun(FY)meteorological *** accuracy has gradually improved with advancements in satellite payload performance and the OLR retrieval *** by the National key R&D Program Retrospective calibration of Historical Chinese Earth Observation Satellite data(Richceos)project,a long-term OLR climate data record(CDR)was reprocessed based on the recalibrated Level 1 data of FY series satellites using the latest OLR retrieval *** this study,Fengyun-3B(FY-3B)’s reprocessed global OLR data from 2010 to 2018 were evaluated by using the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System(CERES)global daily OLR *** results showed that there was a high consistency between the FY-3B instantaneous OLR and CERES Single Scanner Footprint(SSF)***,between the two CDR datasets,the correlation coefficient reached 0.98,and the rootmean-square error(RMSE)was approximately 8-9 W m^(−2).The bias mainly came from the edge regions of the satellite orbit,which may be related to the satellite zenith angle and cloud cover *** was shown that the longterm FY-3B OLR had temporal stability compared to CERES OLR long-term *** terms of spatial distribution,the mean deviations showed zonal and seasonal characteristics,although seasonal fluctuations were observed in the differences between the two *** of FY-3B OLR application to the South China Sea monsoon region and ENSO were demonstrated and analyzed,and the results showed that the seasonal deviation of FY-3B’s OLR comes mainly from the retrieval ***,it has little effect on the analysis of climate events.

关键词： Fengyun-3B(FY-3B) Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System(CERES) outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) South China Sea monsoon El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)

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Field validation of the GLASS land surface broadband emissivitydatabase using pseudo-invariant sand dune sites in northern China

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第S1期6卷 96-112页

作者： Lixin Dong Juyang Hu Shihao Tang Min Min key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites National Satellite Meteorological CenterBeijingChina

The land surface broadband emissivity (LSBE) is a key parameter for estimatingsurface radiation, and there have been many studies of the LSBE at global orlocal scales. However, few studies have validated the surface emissivity databasewith multi-point field measurement data using infrared radiometry, especially inChina. In this study, we focus on the validation of the emissivity product of theglobal land surface satellite (GLASS) LSBE database for northern China for theperiod from 2006 to 2011. Specifically, we have employed an eight-day averaged,gridded emissivity product in the 813.5 mm spectral range produced at a spatialresolution of 1000 m from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometeralbedo product using a new algorithm. The GLASS LSBE database was validatedover bare surfaces with field measurement data from sand samples collected atmany pseudo-invariant sand dune sites located in western and northwesternChina. By comparing measured emissivity for different land surface types atdifferent sites and different times, it was shown that the results were consistentand that the accuracy of the field measurements was reliable. The results of thevalidation of GLASS LSBE with these field emissivity data showed very goodagreement.

关键词： validation broadband emissivity field measurement emissivity GLASS northern China

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Latest Progress of the Chinese Meteorological Satellite Program and Core Data Processing Technologies

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第9期36卷 1027-1045页

作者： Peng ZHANG Qifeng LU Xiuqing HU Songyan GU Lei YANG Min MIN Lin CHEN Na XU Ling Sun Wenguang BAI Gang MA Di XIAN key laboratory of radiometric calibration and validation for environmental satellites National Satellite Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological Administration

In this paper,the latest progress,major achievements and future plans of Chinese meteorological satellites and the core data processing techniques are ***,the latest three FengYun(FY)meteorological satellites(FY-2H,FY-3D,and FY-4A)and their primary objectives are introduced Second,the core image navigation techniques and accuracies of the FY meteorological satellites are elaborated,including the latest geostationary(FY-2/4)and polar-orbit(FY-3)***,the radiometric calibration techniques and accuracies of reflective solar bands,thermal infrared bands,and passive microwave bands for FY meteorological satellites are *** also illustrates the latest progress of real-time calibration with the onboard calibration system and validation with different methods,including the vicarious China radiance calibration site calibration,pseudo invariant calibration site calibration,deep convective clouds calibration,and lunar ***,recent progress of meteorological satellite data assimilation applications and quantitative science produce are summarized at *** main progress is in meteorological satellite data assimilation by using microwave and hyper-spectral infrared sensors in global and regional numerical weather prediction ***,the latest progress in radiative transfer,absorption and scattering calculations for satellite remote sensing is summarized,and some important research using a new radiative transfer model are illustrated.

关键词： meteorological satellite geolocation calibration and validation satellite data assimilation radiative transfer model

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