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Characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early negative Indian Ocean Dipole

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 59-65页

作者： Yue Fang Shuangwen Sun Yongcan Zu Jianhu Wang Lin Feng First Institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical modeling Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China Shandong key laboratory of marine science and numerical modeling Qingdao 266061China

Negative Indian Ocean Dipole(nIOD)can exert great impacts on global climate and can also strongly influence the climate in *** nIOD is a major type of nIOD,which can induce more pronounced climate anomalies in summer than La Niña-related ***,the characteristics and triggering mechanisms of early nIOD are *** results based on reanalysis datasets indicate that the early nIOD and La Niña-related nIOD are the two major types of nIOD,and the former accounts for over one third of all the nIOD events in the past six *** two types of nIODs are similar in their intensities,but are different in their spatial patterns and seasonal *** early nIOD,which develops in spring and peaks in summer,is one season earlier than the La Niña-related *** spatial pattern of the wind anomaly associated with early nIOD exhibits a winter monsoon-like pattern,with strong westerly anomalies in the equatorial Indian Ocean and eastly anomalies in the northern Indian *** to the triggering mechanism of early positve IOD,the early nIOD is induced by delayed Indian summer monsoon *** results of this study are helpful for improving the prediction skill of IOD and its climate impacts.

关键词： Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) triggering mechanism Indian summer monsoon seasonal cycle negative IOD

Current observation and analysis based on mooring systems in the Andaman Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 484-491页

作者： Yimeng WANG Jingsong GUO Dapeng QU Zhixin ZHANG Chalermrat SANGMANEE Varintha VASINAMEKHIN Binghuo GUO First Institute of Oceanography and Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical ModelingMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Shandong key laboratory of marine science and numerical modeling Qingdao 266061China Phuket marine Biological Center Department of Marine and Coastal ResourcesPhuket 83000Thailand marine and Coastal Resources Research&Development Institute Department of Marine and Coastal ResourcesBangkok 10210Thailand

The basic structure and intraseasonal evolution of currents in the southeastern Andaman Sea was analyzed based on data collected in 2017 from two subsurface moorings(C1 and C5).Periodic variation in the upper ocean currents of the Andaman Sea was investigated by combining observational and satellite *** observations show that rapid changes of current speed and direction occurred in May and June,with a significant increase in current velocity at the C1 *** the second half of the year,southward flow dominated at the C1 mooring,and alternating northward and southward flows were evident at the C5 mooring during the same period but the northward flow prevailed in boreal *** addition,analysis of the power spectra of the upper currents revealed that the tidal period at both moorings is primarily semidiurnal with weaker energy than that of the low-frequency *** upper ocean currents at the C1 and C5 moorings exhibited intraseasonal variation of 30-60 d and 120 d,while the zonal current at the C1 mooring exhibited a notable period of approximately 180 *** analysis indicated that the variability of currents in the Andaman Sea is influenced primarily by equatorial Kelvin waves and Rossby wave ***,our results suggest that equatorial Kelvin waves from the eastern Indian Ocean entered the Andaman Sea in the form of Wyrtki Jets and propagated primarily along two distinct pathways during the observation *** addition to coastal boundary Kelvin waves,it was found that a branch of the Wyrtki Jet that directly enters the Andaman Sea and flows northward along the slope of the continental shelf,and reflected Rossby wave packets by topography.

关键词： mooring observation Wyrtki Jet Rossby waves intraseasonal variation

Evaluation of Nonbreaking Wave-Induced Mixing Parameterization Schemes Based on a One-Dimensional Ocean Model

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 567-576页

作者： TANG Ran HUANG Chuanjiang DAI Dejun WANG Gang The First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical modeling Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Shandong key laboratory of marine science and numerical modeling Qingdao 266061China

Surface waves have a considerable effect on vertical mixing in the upper *** the past two decades,the vertical mixing induced through nonbreaking surface waves has been used in ocean and climate models to improve the simulation of the upper *** far,several nonbreaking wave-induced mixing parameterization schemes have been proposed;however,no quantitative comparison has been performed among *** this paper,a one-dimensional ocean model was used to compare the performances of five schemes,including those of Qiao et al.(Q),Hu and Wang(HW),Huang and Qiao(HQ),Pleskachevsky et al.(P),and Ghantous and Babanin(GB).Similar to previous studies,all of these schemes can decrease the simulated sea surface temperature(SST),increase the subsurface temperature,and deepen the mixed layer,thereby alleviating the common thermal deviation problem of the ocean model for upper ocean *** these schemes,the HQ scheme exhibited the weakest wave-induced mixing effect,and the HW scheme exhibited the strongest effect;the other three schemes exhibited roughly the same *** particular,the Q and P schemes exhibited nearly the same *** the simulation based on observations from the Ocean Weather Station Papa,the HQ scheme exhibited the best performance,followed by the Q *** the experiment with the HQ scheme,the root-mean-square deviation of the simulated SST from the observations was 0.43℃,and the mixed layer depth(MLD)was 2.0 *** a contrast,the deviations of the SST and MLD reached 1.25℃ and 8.4 m,respectively,in the experiment without wave-induced mixing.

关键词： wave-induced mixing surface waves sea surface temperature mixed layer depth General Ocean Turbulence Model

Long-term ocean temperature trend and marine heatwaves

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第4期42卷 1037-1047页

作者： Min ZHANG Yangyan CHENG Gang WANG Qi SHU Chang ZHAO Yuanling ZHANG Fangli QIAO First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China key laboratory of marine sciences and numerical Modelling Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Shandong key laboratory of marine science and numerical modeling Qingdao 266061China

marine heatwaves(MHWs)can cause irreversible damage to marine ecosystems and *** MHW characterization remains difficult,because the choice of a sea surface temperature(SST)temporal baseline strongly influences MHW *** a recent work suggesting that there should be a communicating baseline for long-term ocean temperature trends(LTT)and MHWs,we provided an effective and quantitative solution to calculate LTT and MHWs simultaneously by using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)*** long-term nonlinear trend of SST obtained by EEMD shows superiority over the traditional linear trend in that the data extension does not alter prior *** MHWs identified from the detrended SST data exhibited low sensitivity to the baseline choice,demonstrating the robustness of our *** also derived the total heat exposure(THE)by combining LTT and *** THE was sensitive to the fixed-period baseline choice,with a response to increasing SST that depended on the onset time of a perpetual MHW state(identified MHW days equal to the year length).Subtropical areas,the Indian Ocean,and part of the Southern Ocean were most sensitive to the long-term global warming trend.

关键词： marine heatwaves(MHWs) ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) long-term temperature(LTT)trend total heat exposure(THE)

Simulated Indonesian Throughflow in Makassar Strait across the SODA3 products

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 80-98页

作者： Tengfei Xu Zexun Wei Haifeng Zhao Sheng Guan Shujiang Li Guanlin Wang Fei Teng Yongchui Zhang Jing Wang First Institute of Oceanography/key laboratory of marine science and numerical modeling Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical modeling Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China CAS key laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Center for Ocean Mega-ScienceInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of ScienceQingdao 266071China

The Indonesian Throughflow(ITF), which connects the tropical Pacific and Indian oceans, plays important roles in the inter-ocean water exchange and regional or even global climate variability. The Makassar Strait is the main inflow passage of the ITF, carrying about 77% of the total ITF volume transport. In this study, we analyze the simulated ITF in the Makassar Strait in the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation version 3(SODA3) datasets. A total of nine ensemble members of the SODA3 datasets, of which are driven by different surface forcings and bulk formulas, and with or without data assimilation, are used in this study. The annual mean water transports(i.e.,volume, heat and freshwater) are related to the combination of surface forcing and bulk formula, as well as whether data assimilation is employed. The phases of the seasonal and interannual variability in water transports cross the Makassar Strait, are basically consistent with each other among the SODA3 ensemble members. The interannual variability in Makassar Strait volume and heat transports are significantly correlated with El Ni?oSouthern Oscillation(ENSO) at time lags of-6 to 7 months. There is no statistically significant correlation between the freshwater transport and the ENSO. The Makassar Strait water transports are not significantly correlated with the Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD), which may attribute to model deficiency in simulating the propagation of semiannual Kelvin waves from the Indian Ocean to the Makassar Strait.

关键词： Indonesian Throughflow Simple Ocean Data Assimilation(SODA) El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD) data assimilation

Observation of Arctic surface currents using data from a surface drifting buoy

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 70-79页

作者： Hongxia Chen Lina Lin Long Fan Wangxiao Yang Yinke Dou Bingrui Li Yan He Bin Kong Guangyu Zuo Na Liu First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China key laboratory of marine science and numerical modeling Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Naval Research Academy Tianjin 300061China College of Electrical and Power Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 443005China

During the 10th Chinese Arctic scientific expedition carried out in the summer of 2019,the surface current in the high-latitude areas of the Arctic Ocean was observed using a self-developed surface drifting buoy,which was initially deployed in the Chukchi *** buoy traversed the Chukchi Sea,Chukchi Abyssal Plain,Mendeleev Ridge,Makarov Basin,and Canada Basin over a period of 632 *** returning to the Mendeleev Ridge,it continued to drift toward the ***,the track of the buoy reflected the characteristics of the transpolar drift and Chukchi Slope Current,as well as the inertial flow,cross-ridge surface flow,and even the surface disorganized flow for some time *** results showed that:(1)the transpolar drift mainly occurs in the Chukchi Abyssal Plain,Mendeleev Ridge,and western Canada Basin to the east of the ridge where sea ice concentration is high,and the average northward flow velocity in the region between 79.41°N and 86.32°N was 5.1 cm/s;(2)the average surface velocity of the Chukchi Slope Current was 13.5 cm/s,and while this current moves westward along the continental slope,it also extends northwestward across the continental slope and flows to the deep sea;and(3)when sea ice concentration was less than 50%,the inertial flow was more significant(the maximum observed inertial flow was 26 cm/s,and the radius of the inertia circle was 3.6 km).

关键词： Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE) surface drifting buoy transpolar drift Chukchi Slope Current inertial flow

Meridional deflection of global eddy propagation derived from tandem altimetry: Mechanism and implication

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第3期67卷 811-825页

作者： Ge CHEN Xiaoyan CHEN Frontiers science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System School of Marine TechnologyOcean University of ChinaQindao 266100China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical modeling Laoshan LaboratoryQindao 266237China

A common view on meridional deflection of eddy propagation is poleward for cyclones and equatorward for anticyclones. This widely accepted polarity-sensitive pattern has been increasingly undermined given that it is systematically violated on both zonal and regional scales as recently reported. Here, we approach the problem by exploring these violations in terms of eddy effects of spatiotemporal geostrophy, thermal fading, and flow dragging, yielding the following main conclusions.(1) The polarity-dependent deflection discrepancy is a pseudo feature resulting from a biased fit to the normalized eddy tracks which are spatially asymmetric(though azimuthally symmetric) between the two signs;Instead, the primary pattern of eddy deflection appears to be geographically correlated and polarity independent.(2) Geostrophic adjustment plays a critical role in defining the meridional movement of an eddy. Specifically, a consistent poleward(equatorward) trajectory bending of spatially(temporally) ageostrophic eddies is observed irrespective of their polarity.(3) The mechanism of eddy deflection is also determined by its zonal propagation direction. Westward propagating eddies are substantially affected by thermal fading, while opposite ones by flow dragging. A realistic and comprehensive understanding of eddy deflection mechanisms serves as a significant contribution to the prediction of eddy trajectory, and the protection of ocean environment.

关键词： Mesoscale eddies Eddy propagation Eddy meridional deflection Satellite observation Geostrophic adjustment

A numerical model study on the spatial and temporal variabilities of dissolved oxygen in Qinzhou Bay of the northern Beibu Gulf

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 49-59页

作者： Gaolei Cheng Shiqiu Peng Bin Yang Dongliang Lu State key laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and numerical modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Guangxi key laboratory of marine Environmental Change and Disaster in the Beibu Gulf Beibu Gulf UniversityQinzhou 535011China

Oxygen facilitates the breakdown of the organic material to provide energy for *** concentration of dissolved oxygen(DO) in the water must exceed a certain threshold to support the normal metabolism of marine *** in the northern B eibu Gulf,Qinzhou B ay receives abundant freshwater and nutrients from several rivers which significantly influence the level of the dissolved ***,the spatial-temporal variations of DO as well as the associated driving mechanisms have been rarely studied through field *** this study,a three-dimension al coupled physical-biogeochemical model is used to investigate the spatial and seasonal variations of the DO and the associated driving mechanisms in Qinzhou B *** validation against observations indicates that the model can capture the seasonal and inter-annual variability of the DO concentration with the range of 5-10 mg/*** experiments show that the river discharges,winds and tides play crucial roles in the seasonal variability of the DO by changing the vertical mixing and stratification of the water column and the circulation *** winter,the tide and wind forces have strong effects on the DO distribution by enhancing the vertical mixing,especially near the bay *** summer,the river discharges play a dominant role in the DO distribution by inhibiting the vertical water exchange and delivering more nutrients to the Bay,which increases the DO depletion and results in lower DO on the bottom of the estuary salt *** findings can contribute to the preservation and management of the coastal environment in the northern Beibu Gulf.

关键词： river plume dissolved oxygen stratification physical-biological model

Observation of Low-Level Jets in the Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean Based on Shipborne Coherent Doppler Lidar

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1163-1172页

作者： WANG Haiyuan LIU Lin FAN Mengqi YANG Yang YANG Guang DUAN Yongliang LIU Baochao SU Qinglei ZHANG Binbin WANG Fengjun SHI Xuliang LI Qiuchi ZENG Ai First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources and Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical ModelingQingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266061China Southern marine science and Engineering Guangdong laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China key laboratory of marine science and numerical modeling Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Qingdao Leice Transient Technology Co. Ltd.Qingdao 266100China Qingdao Innovation and Development Base of Harbin Engineering University Qingdao 266404China

In contrast to the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans,the Indian Ocean has lacked in-situ observations of wind profiles over open sea areas for *** 2021,a shipborne coherent Doppler lidar(CDL)was used to observe in-situ wind profiles in the eastern tropical Indian *** equipment successfully captured low-level jets(LLJs)in the region,and their characteristics were thoroughly *** reveal that the observed wind speed of LLJs in the eastern Indian Ocean ranges from 6 m s^(-1) to 10 m s^(-1) during the boreal winter and spring seasons,showing a height range of 0.6 to 1 km and two peak times at 0800 and 2000 *** wind shear is weaker than that in land or offshore areas,ranging from 0 s^(-1) to 0.006 s^(-1).Moreover,the accuracy of the CDL data is compared to that of ERA5 data in the study *** results indicate that the zonal wind from ERA5 data significantly deviated from the CDL measurement data,and the overall ERA5 data are substantially weaker than the in-situ ***,ERA5 underestimates northwestward LLJs.

关键词： low-level jets coherent Doppler lidar ERA5 radiosonde eastern Indian Ocean