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Natural variations of HvSRN1 modulate the spike rachis node number in barley

Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 148-163页

作者： Chaofeng Fan Dongdong Xu Chunchao Wang Zhaoyan Chen Tingyu Dou Dandan Qin Aikui Guo Meng Zhao Honghong Pei Mengwei Zhao Renxu Zhang Ke Wang Jing Zhang Zhongfu Ni Ganggang Guo key laboratory of grain crop genetic resources evaluation and utilization(MARA) The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ICS-CAAS)Beijing 100081China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed laboratory Sanya 572025China Institute of Industrial crops Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China key laboratory of crop Heterosis and utilization Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China key laboratory for crop Molecular Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Food CropsHubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064China

grain number,one of the major determinants of yield in Triticeae crops,is largely determined by spikelet number and spike rachis node number(SRN).Here,we identified three quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for SRN using 145 recombinant inbred lines derived from a barley R90/1815D ***1,the major-effect QTL,was mapped to chromosome 2H and explained up to 38.77%of SRN ***-based cloning revealed that qSRN1 encodes the RAWUL domain-containing protein *** analysis revealed that two key SNPs in the HvSRN1 promoter region(-2 kb upstream of the transcription start site)affect the transcript level of HvSRN1 and contribute to variation in *** to its orthologous proteins OsLAX2 and ZmBA2,HvSRN1 showed protein–protein interactions with HvLAX1,suggesting that the LAX2–LAX1 model for spike morphology regulation may be conserved in Poaceae ***-Cas9-induced HvSRN1 mutants showed reduced SRN but increased grain size and weight,demonstrating a trade-off *** results shed light on the role of HvSRN1 variation in regulating the balance between grain number and weight in barley.

关键词： barley fine-mapping grain number kernel weight

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Mapping of three QTLs for seed setting and analysis on the candidate gene for qSS-1 in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第4期15卷 735-743页

作者： Elsheikh Y M Ahmed ZHANG Yan-pei YU Jian-ping Rashid M A Rehman ZHANG Zhan-ying ZHANG Hong-liang LI Jin-jie LI Zi-chao key laboratory of crop Heterosis and utilization Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement China Agricultural University

The lower seed setting is one of the major hindrances which face grain yield in rice. One of the main reasons to cause low spikelet fertility （seed setting） is male sterility or pollen abortion. Notably, pollen abortion has been frequently observed in advanced progenies of rice. In the present study, 149 BC2F6 individuals with significant segregation in spikelet fertility were generated from the cross between N040212 （indica） and Nipponbare （japonica） and used for primary gene mapping. Three QTLs, qSS-1, qSS-7 and qSS-9 at chromosomes 1, 7 and 9, respectively, were found to be associated with seed setting. The recombinant analysis and the physical mapping information from publicly available resources exhibited that the qSS-1, qSS-7 and qSS-9 loci were mapped to an interval of 188, 701 and 3741 kb, respectively. The seed setting responsible for QTL qSS-1 was further fine mapped to 93.5 kb by using BC2F7 population of 1 849 individuals. There are 16 possible putative genes in this 93.5 kb region. Pollen vitality tests and artificial pollination indicated that the male gamete has abnormal pollen while the female gamete was normal. These data showed that low seed setting rate relative to qSS-1 may be caused by abnormal pollen grains. These results will be useful for cloning, functional analysis of the target gene governing spikelet fertility （seed setting） and understanding the genetic bases of pollen sterility.

关键词： rice (Oryza sativa L.) QTL mapping seed setting pollen sterility

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GS6, A Member of the GRAS Gene Family,Negatively Regulates grain Size in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第10期55卷 938-949页

作者： Lianjun Sun Xiaojiao Li Yongcai Fu Zuofeng Zhu Lubin Tan Fengxia Liu Xianyou Sun Xuewen Sun Chuanqing Sun State key laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice) MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization key laboratory of crop genetic Improvement Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University State key laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants(Rice) MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization key laboratory of crop genetic Improvement Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University

grain size is an important yield-related trait in rice. Intensive artificial selection for grain size during domestication is evidenced by the larger grains of most of today＇s cultivars compared with their wild relatives. However, the molecular genetic control of rice grain size is still not well characterized. Here, we report the identification and cloning of grain Size 6 （GS6）, which plays an important role in reducing grain size in rice. A premature stop at the ＋348 position in the coding sequence （CDS） of GS6 increased grain width and weight significantly. Alignment of the CDS regions of GS6 in 90 rice materials revealed three GS6 alleles. Most japonica varieties （95%） harbor the Type I haplotype, and 62.9% of indica varieties harbor the Type II haplotype. Association analysis revealed that the Type I haplotype tends to increase the width and weight of grains more than either of the Type II or Type III haplotypes. Further investigation of genetic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms of GS6 showed that the GS6 gene was strongly selected in japonica cultivars. In addition, a ＂ggc＂ repeat region identified in the region that encodes the GRAS domain of GS6 played an important historic role in the domestication of grain size in rice. Knowledge of the function of GS6 might aid efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that control grain development and evolution in rice plants, and could facilitate the genetic improvement of rice yield.

关键词： Domestication GS6 , grain size haplotype Oryza sativa rice.

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Identification and characterization of a no-grain mutant(nog1)in foxtail millet

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第12期23卷 4263-4266页

作者： Hui Zhang Hui Zhi Di Yuan Hongkai Liang Wei Zhang Guanqing Jia Xianmin Diao State key laboratory of crop Gene resources and Breeding/key laboratory of grain crop genetic resources evaluation and utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Zhongyuan Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesXinxiang 453500China

Increasing crop grain yields is an urgent global priority due to population growth,shrinking arable land,and severe climate change in recent years(Tang et al.2023).Unraveling the process of panicle development is crucial for enhancing the grain yield of cereal *** the development of rice panicles,the inflorescence meristem(IM)gives rise to two types of lateral branch meristems(BMs):primary branch meristem(pBM)and secondary branch meristem(sBM).The pBM generates sBM and spikelet meristems(SMs),and the sBM further differentiates into more SMs(Zhang and Yuan 2014).

关键词： panicle grain branch

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genetic characteristics of a wheat founder parent and a widely planted cultivar derived from the same cross

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第4期17卷 775-785页

作者： CHANG Li-fang LI Hui-hui WU Xiao-yang LU Yu-qing ZHANG Jin-peng YANG Xin-ming LI Xiu-quan LIU Wei-hua LI Li-hui National key Facility for Gene resources and genetic Improvement/key laboratory of crop Germplasm utilization Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Founder parents have contributed significantly to the improvement of wheat breeding and production. In order to investigate the genetic characteristics of founder parents and widely planted cultivars, Mazhamai(M), Biyumai(B) and six sibling lines(BM1–6) derived from the cross M×B were phenotyped for eight yield-related traits over multiple years and locations and genotyped using the the wheat 90 K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) assay. BM4 has been used as a founder parent, and BM1 has been widely planted, whereas BM2, 3, 5, and 6 have not been used extensively for breeding or planting in China. Phenotypic comparisons revealed that BM4 and BM1 displayed a better overall performance than the other sibling lines. BM1 showed higher thousand-grain weight than BM4, whereas BM4 exhibited lower coefficient of variation for most of the yield-related traits across different years and locations, indicating that BM4 was widely adaptable and more stable in different environments. SNP analysis revealed that BM4 and BM1 inherited similar proportions of the M genome but are dissimilar to BM2, 3, 5, and 6. Both BM1 and BM4 have specific alleles that differ from the other BM lines, and most of these alleles are concentrated in specific chromosomal regions that are found to associate with favorable QTLs, these SNPs and their surrounding regions may carry the genetic determinants important for the superior performance of the two lines. But BM4 has more genetic diversity than BM1 with more specific alleles and pleiotropic regions, indicating that the genome of BM4 may be more complex than the other sibling lines and has more favorable gene resources. Our results provide valuable information that can be used to select elite parents for wheat and self-pollinating crop breeding.

关键词： wheat founder parents widely planted cultivars SNP

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Identifying changes in the wheat kernel proteome under heat stress using iTRAQ

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The crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 600-610页

作者： Yufeng Zhang Hongyao Lou Dandan Guo Ruiqi Zhang Meng Su Zhenghong Hou Haiying Zhou Rongqi Liang Chaojie Xie Mingshan You Baoyun Li Beijing key laboratory of crop genetic Improvement/key laboratory of crop Heterosis & utilization College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural University

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the three major global food crops. Hightemperature stress can affect its yield and quality. Studies of the effect of hightemperature stress on wheat kernel development are important because they can reveal the stability of wheat quality and lead to the genetic improvement of wheat quality traits. In this study, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)method was adopted to analyze changes in the protein expression profile of wheat cultivars under high temperature stress. The protein content of wheat grain increased under heat stress, while the SDS-sedimentation value and starch content *** filling was deficient under high temperature stress, which reduced thousandkernel weight but did not affect wheat kernel length. The 207 differentially expressed proteins identified in Gaocheng 8901 under heat stress were associated with energy metabolism, growth and development, and stress response. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that the annotated proteins that were differentially expressed in Gaocheng 8901 under heat stress were involved mainly in stimulus response, abiotic stress response, stress response, and plasma membrane. A set of 78 differentially expressed proteins were assigned to 83 KEGG signaling/metabolic pathways. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that this set of proteins was significantly enriched in members of 51 pathways, and the proteins participated mainly in protein synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum, starch and sucrose metabolism, and reaction on ribosomes. Five differentially expressed proteins were involved in protein–protein interaction networks that may greatly influence the yield and quality of wheat grain. In wheat, high-temperature stress leads to a variety of effects on protein expression and may ultimately cause changes in yield and quality.

关键词： Winter wheat Heat stress GO enrichment KEGG pathway enrichment Interaction networks

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Most Tibetan weedy barleys originated via recombination between Btr1 and Btr2 in domesticated barley

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 163-175页

作者： Guangqi Gao Luxi Yan Yu Cai Yu Guo Congcong Jiang Qiang He Sarah Tasnim Zongyun Feng Jun Liu Jing Zhang Takao Komatsuda Martin Mascher Ping Yang State key laboratory of crop Gene resources and Breeding/key laboratory of grain crop genetic resources evaluation and utilization(MARA)/Institute of crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Leibniz Institute of Plant genetics and crop Plant Research 06466 SeelandGermany crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China

Tibetan weedy barleys reside at the edges of qingke(hulless barley)fields in Tibet(Xizang).The spikes of these weedy barleys contain or lack a brittle rachis,with either two-or six-rowed spikes and either hulled or hulless grains at *** the brittle rachis trait of Tibetan weedy barleys is similar to that of wild barley(Hordeum vulgare *** Thell.),these plants share genetic similarity with domesticated *** origin of Tibetan weedy barleys continues to be ***,we show that most Tibetan weedy barleys originated from cross-pollinated hybridization of domesticated barleys,followed by hybrid self-pollination and recombination between Non-brittle rachis 1(btr1)and 2(btr2).We discovered the specific genetic ancestry of these weedy barleys in South Asian *** weedy barleys exhibit lower genetic diversity than wild and Chinese landraces/cultivars and share a close relationship with qingke,genetically differing from typical eastern and western barley *** classified Tibetan weedy barleys into two groups,brittle rachis(BR)and non-brittle rachis(NBR);these traits align with the haplotypes of the btr1 and btr2 *** wild barleys carry haplotype combinations of Btr1 and Btr2,each showing lower proportions in a population,the recombinant haplotype BTR2H8+BTR1H24 is predominant in the BR *** block analysis based on whole-genome sequencing revealed two recombination breakpoints,which are present in 80.6%and 16.8%of BR acces-sions according to marker-assisted *** events between wild and domesticated barley were rarely *** support the notion that Tibetan weedy barleys originated via recom-bination between Btr1 and Btr2 in domesticated barley.

关键词： Tibetan weedy barley agriocrithon de-domestication out-pollination recombination brittle rachis

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Proteomic Analysis of Wheat Seed in Response to Drought Stress

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第5期13卷 919-925页

作者： ZHANG Yu-feng HUANG Xiu-wen WANG Li-li WEI Liu WU Zhi-hui YOU Ming-shan LI Bao-yun Beijing key laboratory of crop genetic Improvement/key laboratory of crop Heterosis & utilization Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University

Drought stress is one of the major factors affecting in wheat yield and grain quality. In order to investigate how drought stress might influence wheat quality during grain filling, three wheat cultivars Gaocheng 8901, Jagger and Nongda 3406 were subjected to drought stress during the grain filling stage. Neither globulin and glutenin, nor the relative percentage ofamylose significantly changed following drought treatments, whereas albumin and gliadin concentrations did. The SDS-sedimentation, which has a strong linear correlation with wheat baking quality was markedly decreased following drought stress. These results indicated that drought had an adverse effect on wheat qualit3,. In order to investigate the protein complexes in the wheat flour, the data from native PAGE and SDS-PAGE were combined and a total of 14 spots were successfully identified, and of these eight protein types were determined to be potential complex forming proteins.

关键词： wheat seed drought stress two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE)

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Enhanced Stem Nematode Resistance of Transgenic Sweetpotato Plants Expressing Oryzacystatin-I Gene

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第4期10卷 519-525页

作者： GAO Shang YU Bo ZHAI Hong HE Shao-zhen LIU Qing-chang key laboratory of crop Genomics and genetic Improvement Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization Ministry of Education~China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R.China

Enhanced stem nematode resistance of transgenic sweetpotato （cv. Lizixiang） was achieved using Oryzacystatin-I （OCI） gene with Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A. tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbors a binary vector pCAMBIA1301 with OCI gene, gusA gene and hptII gene. Selection culture was conducted using 25 mg L-1 hygromycin. A total of 1 715 plants were produced from the inoculated 1 450 cell aggregates of Lizixiang via somatic embryogenesis. GUS assay and PCR analysis of the putative transgenic plants randomly sampled showed that 90.54% of them were transgenic plants. Transgenic plants exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to stem nematodes compared to the untransformed control plants by the field evaluation with stem nematodes. Stable integration of the OCI gene into the genome of resistant transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis, and the copy number of integrated OCI gene ranged from 1 to 4. Transgene overexpression in stem nematode-resistant plants was demonstrated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. This study provides a way for improving stem nematode resistance in sweetpotato.

关键词： Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Oryzacystatin-I gene stem nematode resistance transgenic plant

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genetic Dissection of Quantitative Trait Loci for Panicle Traits and Heat Tolerance by High-Density Bin Map in Rice

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Rice science 2022年第6期29卷 507-511,I0007-I0020页

作者： LIU Hongyan MA Xiaosong LI Enxi ZENG Xianjun LUO Lijun Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center Shanghai 201106China key laboratory of grain crop genetic resources evaluation and utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 201106China Hainan University Haikou 570228China Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070China

A recombinant inbred line(RIL)with 179 lines derived from a cross between a heat tolerant line Huhan 1B and a heat sensitive line Hanhui 3 was used for QTL mapping for panicle traits and heat tolerance.A total of 52 QTLs were identified with LOD scores from 3.85 to 54.93,each explaining 0.70%to 21.48%of the phenotypic variances,including 11 for panicle length(PL),11 for seed number per panicle(SN),14 for spikelet number per panicle(SNPP),6 for seed-setting rate(SSR)under normal conditions,and 5 for seed-setting rate(SSR_HT)and 5 for relative seed-setting rate(RSSR)under heat stress,respectively.

关键词： panicle Traits Map

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