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Changes in the microbial community structure and diversity during the electricity generation process of a microbial fuel cell with algal-film cathode

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 177-185页

作者： Haiping Wang Liguo Zheng Changyin Tan Ling Li Feng Liu Hui Feng Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational College Changsha 410004HunanChina School of Geographic Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081HunanChina key laboratory of agro-ecological processes in subtropical regions Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina

A two-chamber microbial fuel cell(MFC)with algal-film cathode was *** showed good electric-generating performance with three electric-generating stages:start-up,development,and *** average output voltage reached~0.412 V during the stable period.A maximum power density during continuous operation was 19.76 mW/m^(2).Bacterial samples were collected from the anode in the three stages(A1,A2,and A3),and their community structure and diversity were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology.A total of 4238 operational taxonomic units were identified based on the number of *** the phylum level,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes played a dominant role in the three stages and increased significantly during electricity *** with A1,the relative abundances of Proteobacteria in A2 and A3 increased by 23.30%and 32.06%,respectively,whereas those of Bacteroidetes in A2 and A3 increased by 5.56%and 14.50%,*** the genus level,there were differences in the composition of bacterial communities among the three *** and Chlorobium became the dominant genera in A2,replacing Nitrospira and norank_f__Saprospiraceae in A1,and Sphingobacterium and Ochrobactrum became the dominant genera in *** to the sample cluster and principal component analyses,A1 was clustered into one class,and A2 and A3 were clustered into a second *** work revealed bacterial community succession at the anode of an algal-film cathode MFC during the electricity generation process,which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent promotion of electricity generation by algal-film cathode MFCs.

关键词： microbial fuel cell electricity generation high-throughput sequencing bacterial community

Development of small intestinal barrier function and underlying mechanism in Chinese indigenous and Duroc piglets during suckling and weaning periods

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 429-442页

作者： Sujuan Ding Yating Cheng Md Abul Kalam Azad Qian Zhu Pan Huang Xiangfeng Kong CAS key laboratory of agro-ecological processes in subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study explored the developmental changes in small intestinal barrier function and the potential regulatory roles of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in different breeds of piglets during suckling and weaning periods. Taoyuan black(TB), Xiangcun black(XB), and Duroc(DR) piglets(10 litters per breed; half male and half female) were selected for sampling to evaluate the intestinal barrier-related indexes and intestinal microbiota and metabolites at 1, 10, 21(weaned), and 24(3 d after weaning)d old. The results showed that weaning led to severe shedding of small intestinal microvilli and sparse microvilli arrangement. D-lactate level in the ileum of TB and XB piglets during suckling and weaning periods was lower(P key factors for developing small intestinal barrier functions i

关键词： Chinese indigenous piglet Duroc piglet Immune function Intestinal barrier function Weaning stress

Identification of porcine fast/slow myogenic exosomes and their regulatory effects on lipid accumulation in intramuscular adipocytes

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1512-1527页

作者： Tiantian Zhao Tingting Tian He Yu Chaoyue Cao Ziyi Zhang Zhaozhao He Zeqiang Ma Rui Cai Fengna Li Weijun Pang laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition&Muscle Development College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro‑ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina

Background Pork quality is affected by the type of muscle fibers, which is closely related to meat color, tenderness and juiciness. Exosomes are tiny vesicles with a diameter of approximately 30–150 nm that are secreted by cells and taken up by recipient cells to mediate communication. Exosome-mediated muscle-fat tissue crosstalk is a newly discovered mechanism that may have an important effect on intramuscular fat deposition and with that on meat quality. Various of adipose tissue-derived exosomes have been discovered and identified, but the identification and function of muscle exosomes, especially porcine fast/slow myotube exosomes, remain unclear. Here, we first isolated and identified exosomes secreted from porcine extensor digitorum longus(EDL) and soleus(SOL), which represent fast and slow muscle, respectively, and further explored their effects on lipid accumulation in longissimus dorsi *** Porcine SOL-derived exosomes(SOL-EXO) and EDL-derived exosomes(EDL-EXO) were first identified and their average particle sizes were approximately 84 nm with double-membrane disc-shapes as observed via transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the intramuscular fat content of the SOL was greater than that of the EDL at 180 days of age, because SOL intramuscular adipocytes had a stronger lipid-accumulating capacity than those of the EDL. Raman spectral analysis revealed that SOL-EXO protein content was much greater than that of EDL-EXO. Proteomic sequencing identified 72 proteins that were significantly differentially expressed between SOL-EXO and EDL-EXO, 31 of which were downregulated and 41 of which were upregulated in *** Our findings suggest that muscle-fat tissue interactions occur partly via SOL-EXO promoting adipogenic activity of intramuscular adipocytes.

关键词： Adipogenesis Exosome Extensor digitorum longus Intramuscular adipocyte Muscle-fat tissue interaction Pig Soleus

Transcriptome analysis of adipose tissue and muscle of Laiwu and Duroc pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 134-143页

作者： Jie Wu Fangyuan Yu Zhaoyang Di Liwen Bian Jie Yang Lina Wang Qingyan Jiang Yulong Yin Lin Zhang National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding IndustryGuangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition ControlCollege of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural University key laboratory of agro-ecological processes in subtropical Region Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of Sciences

Fat content is an important trait in pig production. Adipose tissue and muscle are important sites for fat deposition and affect production efficiency and quality. To regulate the fat content in these tissues, we need to understand the mechanisms behind fat deposition. Laiwu pigs, a Chinese indigenous breed, have significantly higher fat content in both adipose tissue and muscle than commercial breeds such as *** this study, we analyzed the transcriptomes in adipose tissue and muscle of 21-d-old Laiwu and Duroc piglets. Results showed that there were 828 and 671 differentially expressed genes(DEG) in subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT) and visceral adipose tissue(VAT), respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEG were enriched in metabolic pathways, especially carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Additionally, in the longissimus muscle(LM) and psoas muscle(PM), 312 and 335 DEG were identified, demonstrating enrichment in the cell cycle and metabolic pathways. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) networks of these DEG were analyzed and potential hub genes were identified, such as FBP1 and SCD in adipose tissues and RRM2 and GADL1 in muscles. Meanwhile, results showed that there were common DEG between adipose tissue and muscle, such as LDHB, THRSP, and DGAT2. These findings showed that there are significant differences in the transcriptomes of the adipose tissue and muscle between Laiwu and Duroc piglets(P < 0.05), especially in metabolic patterns. This insight serves to advance our comprehensive understanding of metabolic regulation in these tissues and provide targets for fat content regulation.

关键词： Laiwu Duroc Adipose Muscle Transcriptome Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

RISE Method Based on Rare Allele Infusion and Sanger Sequencing Estimation: A Simple, Cheap, and Efficient Method for Detecting Transgene Copy Number in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第5期31卷 499-502,I0014-I0020页

作者： LIU Tingchang HUANG Lifang LIU Peng CUI Yanchun CHEN Caiyan MAO Donghai key laboratory of agro-ecological processes in subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Detecting exogenous gene copy numbers is crucial for examining genetically modified organisms. Traditional methods face a trade-off between feasibility and cost, highlighting the need for a high-precision and low-cost alternative. In this study, we introduced the RISE method, which is based on Rare Allele Infusion and Sanger Sequencing Estimation, for rice.

关键词： Sanger cost Det

Human disturbance exacerbated erosion and deposition in the karst peak-cluster depressions during the Ming and Qing dynasties

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3550-3561页

作者： Shuai YUAN Yuemin YUE Xinbao ZHANG Lu WANG Lu ZHAI Kelin WANG key laboratory for agro-ecological processes in subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Ministry of Water Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences State key laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Under the background of large-scale ecological restoration, China's southwestern karst region has become a hotspot of global vegetation cover “greening” in the past 20 years. However, because of geological constraints, it is difficult to restore the forest landscapes in some areas. It is urgent to understand the impacts of human disturbances during the historical period on the difficult-to-forestation rocky-desertification areas of the karst region in order to guide future afforestation. In this study, we quantified the changes of specific sediment yield in typical karst depressions over the past 500 years by using137Cs,210Pb, and14C dating methods in karst depressions, and identified the main human disturbances related to historical erosion and sedimentation by combining with historical data. The results showed that the erosion and sedimentation of the three depressions in 1921–1963 were significantly higher than that in 1963–2021, and the sedimentation rate(0.64–1.33 cm a-1) and the specific sediment yield(2.51–13.11 t ha-1a-1) during Ming and Qing dynasties（1504–1812） were higher than the sedimentation rate(0.26–0.95 cm a-1) and specific sediment yield(0.95–6.99 t ha-1a-1) in the recent century（1921–2021）. Reconstruction data and literature from the Ming and Qing dynasties show an empirical link between changes in population, arable land, food, forest area,and deforestation events during the same period. It was found that the population and arable land in Guangxi increased more than three-fold and the forest area decreased significantly in the 17th century after the migration of the Yao ethnic group and the introduction of maize to the region, which may be the main reason for intensifying the erosion of depressions. This study is of great significance to understanding the evolution history of rocky desertification in this region and to answer the potential of afforestation.

关键词： Karst region 14C dating Peak-cluster depressions Ethnic minirity migration Specific sediment yield

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1970-1988页

作者： Jiayi Yu Changbing Zheng Qiuping Guo Yulong Yin Yehui Duan Fengna Li CAS key laboratory of agro-ecological processes in subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

We previously demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide(LPS)injection-induced immune stress could impair muscle growth in weaned piglets,but the precise mechanisms behind this remain ***,we found that chronic immune stress induced by LPS resulted in a significant reduction of 36.86%in the total muscle mass of piglets at 5 d post-treatment compared with the control *** 1 d,prior to muscle mass loss,multiple alterations were noted in response to LPS *** included a reduction in the abundance of Bacteroidetes,an increase in serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines,compromised mitochondrial morphology,and an upregulation in the expression of dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1),a critical protein involved in mitochondrial *** highlight a strong negative correlation between Bacteroidetes abundance and the levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines,corroborated by in vivo intervention strategies in the musculature of both pig and mouse ***,the effects of Bacteroidetes on inflammation and muscle mass loss may involve the signaling pathway of the tauro-β-muricholic acid-fibroblast growth factor ***,the induction of overexpression of inflammatory cytokines,achieved without LPS treatment through oral administration of recombinant human IL-6(rh IL-6),led to increased levels of circulating cytokines,subsequently causing a decrease in muscle ***,pre-treatment with Mdivi-1,an inhibitor of Drp-1,markedly attenuated the LPS-induced elevation in reactive oxygen species levels and rescued the associated decline in muscle ***,these data indicate that LPS-induced muscle mass loss was linked to the reduction of Bacteroidetes abundance,increased inflammation,and the disruption of mitochondrial *** insights offer promising avenues for the identification of potential therapeutic targets aimed at mitigating muscle mass loss.

关键词： Bacteroidetes inflammation mitochondrial morphology muscle mass loss piglets

Hesperidin ameliorates H_(2)O_(2)-induced bovine mammary epithelial cell oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1737-1750页

作者： Qi Huang Jiashuo Liu Can Peng Xuefeng Han Zhiliang Tan CAS key laboratory for agro‑ecological processes in subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina State key laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Background Hesperidin is a citrus flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. However, its protective effects on bovine mammary epithelial cells(b MECs) exposed to oxidative stress have not been *** In this study, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative stress in b MECs and the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that hesperidin attenuated H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell damage by reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels, increasing catalase(CAT) activity, and improving cell proliferation and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, hesperidin activated the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway by inducing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of its downstream genes NQO1 and HO-1, which are antioxidant enzymes involved in ROS scavenging and cellular redox balance. The protective effects of hesperidin were blocked by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, indicating that they were Nrf2 *** Our results suggest that hesperidin could protect b MECs from oxidative stress injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting that hesperidin as a natural antioxidant has positive potential as a feed additive or plant drug to promote the health benefits of bovine mammary.

关键词： Bovine mammary epithelial cell Hesperidin Nrf2 signaling pathway Oxidative stress

Trimethylamine oxide supplementation differentially regulates fat deposition in liver, longissimus dorsi muscle and adipose tissue of growing-finishing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 25-35页

作者： Andong Zha Wanquan Li Jing Wang Ping Bai Ming Qi Peng Liao Bie Tan Yulong Yin laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Yunnan Southwest Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Group Co. Ltd.

Trimethylamine oxide(TMAO) is a microbiota-derived metabolite, and numerous studies have shown that it could regulate fat metabolism in humans and mice. However, few studies have focused on the effects of TMAO on fat deposition in growing-finishing pigs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TMAO on fat deposition and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs. Sixteen growing pigs were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed with a basal diet with 0 or 1 g/kg TMAO for 149 d. The intestinal microbial profiles, fat deposition indexes, and fatty acid profiles were measured. These results showed that TMAO supplementation had a tendency to decrease lean body mass(P < 0.10) and significantly increased backfat thickness(P < 0.05), but it did not affect growth performance. TMAO significantly increased total protein(TP) concentration, and reduced alkaline phosphatase(ALP) concentration in serum(P < 0.05). TMAO increased the a diversity of the ileal microbiota community(P < 0.05), and it did not affect the colonic microbial community. TMAO supplementation significantly increased acetate content in the ileum, and Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella were significantly enriched in the TMAO group(P < 0.05). In addition, TMAO decreased fat content, as well as the ratio of linoleic acid, n-6polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA), and PUFA in the liver(P < 0.05). On the contrary, TMAO increased intramuscular fat content of the longissimus dorsi muscle, whereas the C18:2n6c ratio was increased,and the n-6 PUFA:PUFA ratio was decreased(P < 0.05). In vitro, 1 mmol/L TMAO treatment significantly upregulated the expression of FASN and SREBP1 in C2C12 cells(P < 0.05). Nevertheless, TMAO also increased adipocyte area and decreased the CPT-1B expression in subcutaneous fat(P < 0.05). Taken together, TMAO supplementation regulated ileal microbial composition and acetate production, and regulated fat distribution and fatty acid composition in growing-finishing pigs. These results

关键词： Growing-finishing pig Trimethylamine oxide Fat deposition Fatty acid composition Intestinal microbiota