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Telomeric DNA breaks in human induced pluripotent stem cells trigger ATR-mediated arrest and telomerase-independent telomere damage repair

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第3期16卷 46-60页

作者： Katrina N.Estep John W.Tobias Rafael J.Fernandez Brinley M.Beveridge F.Brad Johnson Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Quantiative Biosciences Merck&Co.Inc.West PointPA 19486USA Penn Genomic Analysis Core University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Although mechanisms of telomere protection are well-defined in differentiated cells,how stem cells sense and respond to telomere dysfunction,in particular telomeric double-strand breaks(DSBs),is poorly ***,we report the DNA damage signaling,cell cycle,and transcriptome changes in human induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)in response to telomere-internal *** engineer human iPSCs with an inducible TRF1-FokI fusion protein to acutely induce DSBs at *** this model,we demonstrate that TRF1-FokI DSBs activate an ATR-dependent DNA damage response,which leads to p53-independent cell cycle arrest in *** CRISPR–Cas9 to cripple the catalytic domain of telomerase reverse transcriptase,we show that telomerase is largely dispensable for survival and lengthening of TRF1-FokI-cleaved telomeres,which instead are effectively repaired by robust homologous recombination(HR).In contrast to HR-based telomere maintenance in mouse embryonic stem cells,where HR causes ZSCAN4-dependent extension of telomeres beyond their initial lengths,HR-based repair of telomeric breaks is sufficient to maintain iPSC telomeres at a normal length,which is compatible with sustained survival of the cells over several days of TRF1-FokI *** findings suggest a previously unappreciated role for HR in telomere maintenance in telomerase-positive iPSCs and reveal distinct iPSC-specific responses to targeted telomeric DNA damage.

关键词： telomeres telomerase alternative lengthening of telomeres pluripotent stem cells DNA damage double-strand breaks

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Mathematical Model and Simulation of Cutting Force in Plunge Milling Process

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2007年第4期13卷 303-307页

作者：秦旭达赵剑波刘焕领张剑刚赵伟田颖 TOM O Muller NI Wangyang LIU Yixiong School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University kennametal inc. latrobe

Plunge milling is a high-speed machining way and the cutter is fed in the direction of the Z axis, which is used to remove excess material rapidly in roughing operations. In this paper, the orthogonal cutting theory was used to study the plunge milling of LY12 alloy. A mathematic model for cutting force in plunge milling was established, and the milling process was simulated by using Matlab. It is found that the single tooth cutting experimental result is unstable because of unsymmetrical single tooth in the milling process, which leads to the difference between the simulation and experimental results. The trend of multiple teeth cutting experimental result is similar to that of the simulation result; however, the peak values in the experimental result are different, which is caused by the error of cutter’s position, and the error of peak value is less than 10%.

关键词： plunge milling cutting force aluminium alloys simulation

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Microstructure and properties of nano-TiN modified Ti(C,N)-based cermets fabricated by powder injection molding and die pressing

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第11期20卷 1115-1121页

作者： Shan-jie Yi Hai-qing Yin Ke Chen Dil-Faraz Khan Qing-jun Zheng Xuan-hui Qu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of Physics University of Science and Technology Bannu kennametal inc. 1600 Technology Way Latrobe

Powder injection molding （PIM） and die pressing were employed to fabricate nano-TiN modified Ti（C,N）- based cermets. The shrinkage behavior, microstructure, porosity, and mechanical properties of the samples with and without nano-TiN addition fabricated by PIM and die pressing were analyzed. It is demonstrated that for either PIM or die pressing, the porosities are obviously reduced, the mechanical properties are significantly improved after adding nano-TiN, and the hard particles are refined; the rim phase thickness obviously becomes thinner, and the number of dimples in fracture also increases. Compared the samples fabricated by die pressing, it is difficult for PIM to obtain dense Ti（C,N）-based cermets. Due to the too much existence of pores and isolated carbon, the mechanical properties of the sintered samples by PIM are inferior to those of the sintered ones by die pressing.

关键词： cermets powder injection molding die pressing titanium nitride nanoparticles mechanical properties

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Si对Ti-Al-Si-N涂层微观结构及性能的影响

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硬质合金 2011年第5期28卷 332-336页

作者：胡明媚朱丽慧王川刘一雄 Vineet Kumar 上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200072 kennametal inc.latrobe pennsylvania 15650

Ti-Al-Si-N涂层是在Ti-Al-N涂层基础上发展而来的一种四元复合涂层。本文综述了Si对Ti-Al-Si-N涂层微观结构、硬度、残余应力、抗氧化性能、热稳定性能、摩擦磨损性能及切削性能的影响。分析表明:Si元素能有效细化晶粒,减少柱状晶,形成... 详细信息

Ti-Al-Si-N涂层是在Ti-Al-N涂层基础上发展而来的一种四元复合涂层。本文综述了Si对Ti-Al-Si-N涂层微观结构、硬度、残余应力、抗氧化性能、热稳定性能、摩擦磨损性能及切削性能的影响。分析表明:Si元素能有效细化晶粒,减少柱状晶,形成新型纳米结构,从而显著提高涂层硬度,可达39 GPa;Si的原子分数超过5%后,涂层残余应力逐渐降低;Ti-Al-Si-N涂层在1 100℃下仍具有良好的抗氧化性能;Si元素使涂层的热稳定性能有很大提高,Ti-Al-Si-N涂层1 100℃氧化后硬度无显著变化;与Ti-Al-N涂层相比,添加Si元素后涂层的摩擦系数由0.7下降至0.5;Ti-Al-Si-N涂层刀具的使用寿命与Si原子分数有很大的关系。

关键词： Si Ti-Al-Si-N涂层微观结构性能

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The Impact of Cutting Tool Advances on Machining Productivity

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工具技术 2006年第3期40卷 13-21页

作者： M. S. Greenfield A.T. Santhanam kennametal inc. Latrobe PA 15650 USA

Intense global competition is forcing the manufacturing industry to reduce costs so as to maintain profitability. Since a major component of manufacturing cost is machine tool time, attention is focused on cycle time reduction through greater machining productivity. Advances in machine tools, development of stronger workpiece materials, new machining methods, and environmental regulations with regard to safe disposal of cutting fluids are providing additional challenges to the cutting tool industry. In response to these challenges, the industry has made significant innovations in every class of tool materials. This paper discusses the role of tooling advances in enhancing metalcutting productivity.

关键词：机械制造切割工具技术发展

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Al含量对TiAlN涂层热稳定性能的影响

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中南大学学报（自然科学版） 2013年第7期44卷 2696-2701页

作者：张雨萌朱丽慧倪旺阳刘一雄上海大学材料科学与工程学院 kennametal inc. LatrobePA 15650USA

采用阴极电弧蒸镀在WC-Co硬质合金基体上沉积Ti1-xAlxN涂层（x=0.5、0.55和0.6）,并对涂层试样在900℃下真空退火0.5-4 h。采用X线衍射仪（XRD）和显微维氏硬度计分析比较退火前后TiAlN涂层物相及硬度,研究Al含量对涂层结构、硬度和热... 详细信息

采用阴极电弧蒸镀在WC-Co硬质合金基体上沉积Ti1-xAlxN涂层（x=0.5、0.55和0.6）,并对涂层试样在900℃下真空退火0.5-4 h。采用X线衍射仪（XRD）和显微维氏硬度计分析比较退火前后TiAlN涂层物相及硬度,研究Al含量对涂层结构、硬度和热稳定性能的影响。研究结果表明：Ti0.5Al0.5N和Ti0.45Al0.55N为单相面心立方结构,Ti0.4Al0.6N为面心立方（fcc）TiAlN和密排六方（hcp）AlN双相结构。涂层退火时发生分解,先析出介稳相fcc-AlN,再转变为稳定相hcp-AlN和fcc-TiN,硬度逐渐下降。Ti0.45Al0.55N涂层高温下能保持较长时间的稳定,退火后仍具有最高的硬度,表现出优异的热稳定性;而Ti0.4Al0.6N涂层中因存在hcp-AlN硬度略低,分解最早,热稳定性最差。当x=0.55时为最佳涂层成分。

关键词： TiAlN涂层阴极电弧蒸镀热稳定性相结构硬度

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小角X射线衍射技术在TiAlN涂层中的应用

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上海金属 2012年第3期34卷 23-25,32页

作者：胡明媚朱丽慧倪旺阳刘一雄上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200072 kennametal inc． Latrobe Pennsylvania 15650USA

主要采用常规X射线衍射法(XRD)和小角X射线衍射法对微米级厚度的Ti0.5Al0.5N涂层分别进行了物相检测、晶格常数计算和残余应力测定,并对测量结果进行了比较。结果表明:常规XRD法得到的图谱中基体信息强,而小角XRD法排除了基体衍射峰的干... 详细信息

主要采用常规X射线衍射法(XRD)和小角X射线衍射法对微米级厚度的Ti0.5Al0.5N涂层分别进行了物相检测、晶格常数计算和残余应力测定,并对测量结果进行了比较。结果表明:常规XRD法得到的图谱中基体信息强,而小角XRD法排除了基体衍射峰的干扰,更好地反映出TiAlN涂层信息;与常规XRD相比,小角XRD技术能显著降低晶格常数测量误差,有效测定TiAlN涂层的残余应力值。

关键词： TiAlN涂层小角X射线衍射物相检测晶格常数残余应力

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The materials data ecosystem： Materials data science and its role in data-driven materials discovery

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第11期27卷 120-125页

作者： Hai-Qing Yin Xue Jiang Guo-Quan Liu Sharon Elder Bin Xu Qing-Jun Zheng Xuan-Hui Qu Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Computer Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA kennametal inc. 1600 Technology Way Latrobe PA 15650 USA Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Since its launch in 2011, the Materials Genome Initiative（MGI） has drawn the attention of researchers from academia,government, and industry worldwide. As one of the three tools of the MGI, the use of materials data, for the first time, has emerged as an extremely significant approach in materials discovery. Data science has been applied in different disciplines as an interdisciplinary field to extract knowledge from data. The concept of materials data science has been utilized to demonstrate its application in materials science. To explore its potential as an active research branch in the big data era, a three-tier system has been put forward to define the infrastructure for the classification, curation and knowledge extraction of materials data.

关键词： Materials Genome Initiative materials data science data classification life-cycle curation

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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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Effect of 10% Si addition on cathodic arc evaporated TiAlSiN coatings

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第6期26卷 1638-1646页

作者：朱丽慧宋诚倪旺阳刘一雄上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200072 kennametal inc. 1600 Technology WayLatrobePA 15650USA Stryker Orthopaedics 325 Corporate DriveMahwahNJ 07430USA

The effect of 10% Si （mole fraction） addition on TiAlSiN coatings was studied. Ti0.5Al0.5N, Ti0.5Al0.4Si0.1N and Ti0.55Al0.35Si0.1N coatings were deposited on WC？Co substrates by cathodic arc evaporation. The microstructure and mechanical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, nano-indentation measurement and scratch test. The mechanisms of how Si affects the properties and failure modes of TiAlSiN coatings were also discussed. The results show that the addition of 10% Si results in the formation of nc-（Ti,Al,Si）N/a-Si3N4 nano-composite structure. The hardness and toughness of TiAlSiN coatings increase, whereas the coating adhesion strength decreases. Compared with Ti0.55Al0.35Si0.1N coating, Ti0.5Al0.4Si0.1N coating has higher hardness but lower toughness. The dominant failure mode of TiAlN coating is wedging spallation due to low toughness and strong interfacial adhesion. The dominant failure mode of TiAlSiN coatings is buckling spallation due to improved toughness and weakened interfacial adhesion.

关键词： TiAlSiN coating TiAlN coating cathodic arc evaporation adhesion strength

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