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Ultraviolet humic-like component contributes to riverine dissolved organic matter biodegradation

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 165-175页

作者： Maofei Ni Siyue Li College of Eco-environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China Research Center for environmental Ecology and Engineering School of Environmental Ecology and Biological EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China The Karst Environmental Geological Hazard Prevention Laboratory of Guizhou Minzu University Guiyang 550025China Key laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment Research Center for EcohydrologyChongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

Biological degradation of dissolved organic matter(DOM)regulates its structure and fate in river ecosystems.Previous views suggested that labile components were dominantly consumed by microbial metabolism.Here we provide new observations that a part of recalcitrant compounds largely contribute to riverine DOM biodegradation.The excitationemission matrix fluorescent spectroscopy combined with peak picking and parallel factor analysis are used to explore component variability during DOM incubation.Humic-like and tryptophan-like DOM are the primary components of riverine DOM,with proportion contributions of 39%–82% and 16%–61% for % of the maximumfluorescence intensity,respectively.After 56 days of aerobic incubation in the dark,large amounts of tyrosine-like DOM generation are observed.Elevated temperature enhances the decomposition of ultraviolet humiclike substance and further stimulates labile DOM bio-mineralization into carbon dioxide.Meanwhile,averaged proportions of amino acid compositions(peak B and T)markedly increase(p<0.05)as the humic-like compositions(peak A,M and C)decrease after DOM incubation,suggesting incomplete degradation of refractory DOM from high-molecular to low-molecular weight compounds.The findings support the new notion of the continuous DOM biodegradation in a mode as“steps by steps”,contributing to a new understanding of carbon cycling for the UN Sustainable Development Goal.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter(DOM) Sequential biodegradation Recalcitrant compounds Component and fate Fluorescence analysis

Effect of cold stratification on the temperature range for germination of Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 221-231页

作者： Yuan Song Xinghuan Li Mingyi Zhang Guowei Xia Chao Xiong College of Eco-environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyangPeople’s Republic of China Qingyuan Forest CERN Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China Karst Environmental Geological Hazard Prevention Laboratory of Guizhou Minzu University GuiyangPeople’s Republic of China Guiyang Institute of Information Science and Technology GuiyangPeople’s Republic of China

Germination at low spring temperatures may offer a competitive advantage for the growth and survival of plant species inhabiting temperate forest ecosystems.Pinus koraiensis is a dominant species in temperate forests of northeastern China.Its seeds exhibit primary morphophysiological dormancy following dispersal in autumn,limiting natural or artificial regeneration:direct seeding and planting seedlings in spring.The aim of this study was to determine the optimum cold stratification temperature that induces germination to increase towards lower temperatures.Seeds from two populations(Changbaishan and Liangshui)were cold stratified at 0,5 and 10℃.Germination to incubation temperatures(10/5,20/10,25/15 and 30/20℃;14/10 h day/night)were determined after 2 and 4 weeks,and 5.5 and6.5 months of cold stratification.After 5.5 months,approximately 68-91%of seeds from both populations germinated at incubation temperatures of 25/15℃and 30/20℃,regardless of cold stratification temperatures.When the cold stratification temperature was reduced to 0℃and the period increased to 6.5 months,germination at 10/5℃significantly improved,reaching 37%and 64%for the Changbaishan and Liangshui populations,respectively.After 6.5 months of cold stratification,there was a significant linear regression between cold stratification temperatures and germination at10/5℃.The range in temperatures allowing for germination gradually expanded to include lower temperatures with decreasing cold stratification temperatures from 10 to 5℃and further to 0℃.

关键词： Cold Stratification temperatures Pinus koraiensis Seed germination Germination temperature range

Biotransformation of Earthworm Activity on Potassium-Bearing Mineral Powder

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第1期24卷 65-74页

作者：朱晓玲连宾杨雪刘丛强朱立军 Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University State Key laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study analyzes the biotransformation of earthworms on K in potassium-bearing mineral powder （PBMP） under different PBMP recruitments. A mixture of PBMP （10% to 60% mass fraction） and decaying cow dung was used as feed for breeding the earthworms to study the potassium-releasing ability of earthworms on PBMP in soil. The mixture containing 20% and 30% PBMP resulted in good growth and propagation of the earthworms as well as higher conversion rates of potassium. Therefore, the optimum recruitments of mineral powder are 20% and 30%. The mixture of cow dung and PBMP was compared with the mixture of cow dung and corresponding proportions of quartz powder to analyze the conversion rate of earthworms on PBMP in different combinations. After the earthworms were raised with the mixture of cow dung and PBMP （8 ： 2 and 7 ： 3） for 30 d, the contents of rapidly available K and effective K were 10 824.3±35.9 and 11 688.4±16.1 mg.k-1 as well as 10 079.6±62.2 and 10 247.5±172.7 mg.kg-1, respectively. After the earthworms were raised with the mixture of cow dung and quartz powder （8 ： 2 and 7 ： 3） for 30 d, the contents of rapidly available K and effective K were 10 623.3±41.1 and 11 385.5±13.5 mg.kg-1 as well as 9 834.2±51.8 and 9 907.6±11.4 mg.kg-1, respectively. Thus, the contents of rapidly available K and effective K in the mixture of cow dung and PBMP were significantly higher compared with those in the mixture of cow dung and quartz powder （P〈0.05）. The increment contents of rapidly available K and effective K were 201.0 and 302.9 mg.kg1 as well as 245.4 and 339.9 mg-kg1, respectively. Therefore, earthworms can activate and trans-form K into effective K through feeding, digestion, absorption, and excretion. The results pro- vided a new idea of using earthworms to release potassium in low-grade potassium-bearing rocks and obtain the rapidly available K and effective K needed by plants.

关键词： earthworm potassium-bearing mineral powder mineral K rapidly available K effective K activation.

Weathering of Carbonate Rocks by Biological Soil Crusts in karst Areas

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第4期25卷 662-667页

作者： Ye Chen Bin Lian Zuoying Yin Yuan Tang Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuizhou University Jiangsu Key laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology College of Life Science Nanjing Normal University Puding karst Ecosystem Research Station State Key Laboratory of Environmental GeochemistryInstitute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

The weathering of carbonate rocks by biological soil crusts （BSC） in karst areas is very common. It is helpful to understand the weathering mechanisms and processes for avoiding karst rock-desertification. The weathering of carbonate rocks by BSC in karst areas, namely the expansion, contraction and curl resulting from environmental wetting-drying cycles, was investigated and ana- lyzed in this paper. The bulk density, area and thickness of BSC were determined and the weathering amount of limestone and dolomite per unit area of BSC was calculated as 3 700 and 3 400 g·m-2; the amount of biomass on the surface of limestone and dolomite was calculated as 1 146 and 1 301 g·m-2, respectively. Such an increased weathering amount was not only the result of chemical and physical weathering of BSC on carbonate rocks, but also the attachment and cementation of BSC to clay particles, dust-fall, sand particles, solid particles brought by strong air currents, wind and other factors in the surrounding environment, which may also be related to the special environment and the special time period. Based on the results obtained, a weathering mode of BSC is studied, and the mechanisms of weathering by BSC are discussed. In conclusion, we suggest that the mechanical force exerted by the expansion and constriction of gelatinous and mucilaginous substances through wetting and drying of BSC play a significant role in the physical weathering process of the carbonate substrates.

关键词： biological soil crust dolomite limestone weathering amount biomass.

The geochemical characteristics of aqueous rare-earth elements in shallow karst groundwater in Guiyang City, China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2011年第1期30卷 114-124页

作者： HE Shouyang ZHU Lijun YANG Ruidong SHEN Zheng YU Xiaohong Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention （guizhou university） Ministry of Education Guiyang 550003 China College of Resource and Environment Guizhou University Guiyang 550003 China Postgraduate School of guizhou university Guiyang 550025 China guizhou Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring Guiyang 550004 China

Fifty-seven shallow groundwater samples were collected from Guiyang karst basin, China, to analyze the aqueous rare-earth elements in low-water seasons and it is shown that the total amount of rare-earth elements (ΣREE) in karst groundwater is exceedingly low compared with that in carbonate rocks or weathering crusts of carbonate rocks, and ranges from 0.01 to 0.43, from 0.03 to 0.27, from 0.03 to 0.19 and from 0.05 to 1.38 μg·L-1 for dolomite, dolomitic & limestone, limestone and clastic rock aquifer, respectively. Both distributions and contents of rare-earth elements (REE) in karst groundwater reflect the lithology of host rocks or weathering crusts of carbonate rocks through which groundwater flows. The chondrite-normalized patterns show a non-flat profile with higher enrichment of slightly light rare-earth elements (LREE) than heavy rare-earth elements (HREE), prominent fractionation between LREE and HREE, negative Ce anomalies and negative or positive Eu anomalies. There is more obvious fractionation between LREE and HREE in groundwater than that in carbonate rocks and their weathering crusts due to high contents of HCO3? and PH in groundwater. In shallow karst groundwater, REE(CO3)n2n-3 (n=1 and 2) is the main inorganic species of REE. But for a clastic rock aquifer, both REESO4+ and REECO3+ are the main inorganic species of REE. Species of REE in groundwater is closely associated with the hydrochemical type of groundwater which is predominated by the lithology of host rocks, groundwater-rock interaction and weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks.

关键词：重稀土元素岩溶地下水地球化学特征贵阳市碳酸盐岩风化壳中国轻稀土元素浅水

Non-parallelism between the effect of microbial flocculants on sewerage disposal and the flocculation rate

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第2期25卷 139-142页

作者：李静连宾郝建朝赵金朱立军 The Provincial Key laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Bio-Pharmaceutics Guizhou University Guiyang 550003 China State Key laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention (guizhou university) Ministry of Education

This paper dealt with non-parallelism between the effect of microbial flocculant (MBF) on sewerage disposal and the flocculation rate, the high flocculation rate doesn’t mean the fine disposal effectiveness, and revealed the problem encountered when the exclusive parameter―flocculation rate is used to evaluate the effect of MBF on sewerage disposal. The results showed that MBF made from different carbon sources have some influence on the effectiveness of sewerage disposal; flocculation rate cannot authentically reflect the status of sewerage disposal. When the exclusive parameter―flocculation rate is used to evaluate the effect of MBF on sewerage disposal, it would be exaggerated, especially in disposing COD-low sewerage. The authors considered that when flocculation rate is used to evaluate the effect of MBF on sewerage disposal, it is better to take COD-removal rate into account.

关键词：絮凝率 COD 去除率微生物凝聚剂污水处理

Weathering-pedogenesis of Carbonate Rocks and Its environmental Effects in Subtropical Region

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第5期82卷 982-993页

作者： ZHU Lijun HE Shouyang LI Jingyang Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention （guizhou university） Ministry of Education Guiyang Guizhou 550003 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of guizhou Province Guiyang Guizhou 550004 Laboraryfor Study of Earth＇s Interior and Geofluids Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang Guizhou 550002 Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039

We investigated the weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and its environmental effects in subtropical regions of China. The investigation demonstrated that the weathering- pedogenesis of carbonate rocks is the process of a joint action of corrosion and illuviation and metasomatism in subtropical region. It is characterized by multi-stage, multi-path and multi-style. With the persisting development of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks, metasomatic pedogenesis progressively became the main process of the weathering-pedogenesis and the dominant style of formation of minerals. And it proceeds through the whole process of evolution of the weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks. The stage evolution of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and the fractionation evolution of newly produced minerals are characterized by obvious vertically zoning structures and the rules of gradation of elements geochemical characteristics in the carbonate rocks weathering profiles. The geochemical process of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks can be divided into three geochemical evolution stages, i.e., the Ca, Mg-depletion and Si, Al-enrichment stage; the Fe, Mn enrichment stage and the Si-depletion and Al-enrichment stage in the subtropical regions. Consistent with the three geochemical evolution stages, the sequence of formation and evolution of minerals can be divided into the clay mineral stage; the Fe, Mn oxide and the gibbsite stage. The influence of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks on the chemical forms of heavy elements is mainly affected via newly produced components and minerals in the process of weathering-pedogenesis, e.g., iron oxide minerals and organic matters. The important mechanism for the mobilization, transport and pollution of F and As is affected the selective adsorption and desorption of F and As on the surface of iron oxide minerals in the subtropical karst zones, i.e., the selective adsorption and desorption on mineral surfaces of newly produced minerals in the process of weath

关键词： carbonate rocks weathering-pedogenesis metasomatic pedogenesis environmental effects subtropical region

Induction of Calcium Carbonate by Pseudomonas Putida

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矿物学报 2013年第S1期33卷 48-48页

作者： LIAN Bin HAN Jinxin Jiangsu Key laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for MicrobiologyCollege of Life SciencesNanjing Normal University Key laboratory of karst Environment and geological hazard prevention Guizhou University

The purpose of this research is to study how the bacteria Pseudomonas putida (DCB13) utilises calcium ions in a culture medium with carbon dioxide (CO2) to yield calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The bacteria strain P. putida is a dominant strain isolated from the dolomitic surfaces in areas of karst topographies, guizhou Province. The experimental method was as follows: a modified beef extract-peptone medium (beef extract 3.0 g, peptone 10 g, NaCl 5.0 g, CaCl2 2.0 g, glass powder 2.0 g, distilled water 1 L and a pH between 6.5 and 7.5) was inoculated with P. putida in order to attempt to induce the synthesis of CaCO3. The sample was then processed by centrifugation every 24 hours during the 7-day cultivation period. The pH, carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity, and the concentrations of both HCO3- and Ca2+ of the supernatant fluid were measured. Subsequently, precipitation in the culture medium was analyzed to confirm, or otherwise, the presence and if present, the formation of CaCO3. Methods used included X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Results showed that P. putida can improve its pH value in this culture medium; concentrations of HCO3- and Ca2+ showed a significant decline over the duration of the cultivation period. CA activity reached its maximum during the second day; XRD, SEM and TEM all revealed the presence of CaCO3 as a precipitate. Additionally, these results did not occur in an aseptic control group: no detectable level of CaCO3 was yielded therein. In conclusion: P. putida can metabolise active materials such as secretase by its own growth and metabolism, and can either utilise atmospheric CO2, or respire, to induce CaCO3 production.

关键词： Pseudomonas putida biomineralization CO2 reduction calcium carbonate