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Clean air captures attention whereas pollution distracts:evidence from brain activities

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 5-15页

作者： Jianxun Yang Yunqi Liu Berry van den Berg Susie Wang Lele Chen Miaomiao Liu Jun Bi State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nanjing Foreign Language school Nanjing 210008China department of Experimental Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands department of Social Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands school of Education Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly ***,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive *** an adapted dot-probe task paradigm and event-related potential(ERP)technique,we investigated how visual stimuli of air pollution influence the attentional allocation *** were required to make responses to the onset of a target presented at the left or right visual *** probable location of the target was forewarned by a cue(pollution or clean air images),appearing at either the target location(attention-holding trials)or the opposite location(attention-shifting trials).Behavioral measures showed that when cued by pollution images,subjects had higher response accuracy in attention-shifting *** analysis results revealed that after the cue onset,pollution images evoked lower N300 amplitudes,indicating less attentioncapturing effects of dirty *** the target onset,pollution cues were correlated with the higher P300 amplitudes in attention-holding trials but lower amplitudes in attention-shifting *** indicates that after visual exposure to air pollution,people need more neurocognitive resources to maintain attention but less effort to shift attention *** findings provide the first neuroscientific evidence for the distracting effect of air *** conclude with several practical implications and suggest the ERP technique as a promising tool to understand human responses to environmental stressors.

关键词： Air pollution Attention Disengagement Performance Event-related potential

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection(GRAND):Science and design

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期63卷 1-43页

作者： Jaime Alvarez-Muniz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Ismael Cognard Valentin decoene Peter B.denton Sijbrand de Jong Krijn D.de Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang Chad Finley Stefano Gabici Quan Bu Gou Jun Hua Gu Claire Guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra Le Coz Jean-Philippe Lenain Guo Liang Léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang Li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank G.Schroder Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian Li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles departamento de Fisica de Particulas&lnstituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Instituto de Astronomia Geofisica e Ciencias AtmosfericasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo-SP 05508-090Brazil department of Physics-Astrophysics University of OxfordDWBOxford 0X13RHUK Institute of Experimental Particle Physics(ETP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsru he D-76021Germany Laboratoire de Physique Nucleeaire et de Hautes Energies(LPNHE) Sorbonne UniversiteUniversite Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris CiteCNRS place Jussieu F-75252Paris Cedex 5France Niels Bohr International Academy and DARK Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Discovery Center Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics(CCA.PP)&department of Physics Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela 15782Spain 0SUBATECH Institut Mines-Telecom Atlantique-CNRS/IN2P3-Universite de NantesNantes 44300France Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de KEnvironnement et de VEspace LPC2E CNRS-Universite d'Orleans Orleans F-45071France Station de Radioastronomie de Nancay Observatoire de ParisCNRS/INSU F-18330 NangayFrance Sorbonne Universite UMR 7095Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris98 bis bd AragoParis 75014France Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics(IMAPP)Radboud UniversiteitNijmegen 6500Netherlands Nationaal Instituut voor Kemfysica en hoge Energie Fysica(NIKHEF) Amsterdam NL-1009Netherlands IIHE/ELEM Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 2Brussels 1050Belgium Institute for Nuclear Physics(IKP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe D-76021Germany Einstein Fellow Stanford UniversityStanford CA 94305USA department of Astronomy University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742-2421USA Joint Space-Science Institute College Park MD 20742-2421USA Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm UniversityStockholm SE-10691Sweden department of Phy

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection(GRAND)is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy(UHE)cosmic particles,with energies exceeding 10~8 Ge *** goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic *** do this,GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched *** will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the *** design is modular:20 separate,independent sub-arrays,each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km^2.A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals *** we present the science goals,detection strategy,preliminary design,performance goals,and construction plans for GRAND.

关键词： radio telescopes neutrinos in astronomical observations cosmic rays in astronomical observations radiowave radiation:sources galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays:galactic and extragalactic

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection(GRAND):Science and design

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 5-47页

作者： Jaime álvarez-Mu?iz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Isma?l Cognard Valentin decoene Peter B.denton Sijbrand de Jong Krijn D.de Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang Chad Finley Stefano Gabici Quan Bu Gou Jun Hua Gu Claire Guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra Le Coz Jean-Philippe Lenain Guo Liang Léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang Li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank G.Schr ?der Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian Li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles departamento de Física de Partículas & Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Instituto de Astronomia Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas Universidade de S?o Paulo department of Physics—Astrophysics University of Oxford DWB Institute of Experimental Particle Physics (ETP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Laboratoire de Physique Nucléeaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE) Sorbonne Université Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité Niels Bohr International Academy and DARK Niels Bohr Institute Discovery Center Niels Bohr Institute Center for Cosmology and Astro Particle Physics (CCAPP) & department of Physics Ohio State University Universidade de Santiago de Compostela SUBATECH Institut Mines-Telecom Atlantique – CNRS/IN2P3 – Université de Nantes Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace LPC2E CNRS-Université d’Orléans Station de Radioastronomie de Nan?cay Observatoire de Paris Sorbonne Université UMR 7095 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud Universiteit Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF) IIHE/ELEM Vrije Universiteit Brussel Institute for Nuclear Physics (IKP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Einstein Fellow Stanford University department of Astronomy University of Maryland Joint Space-Science Institute Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm University department of Physics Stockholm University Astro Particule et Cosmologie (APC) Université Paris Diderot CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/Irfu Observatoire de Paris Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang University Center for Particle and Gravitational Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University department of Physics Pennsylvania State University department of Astronomy & Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University LUTH Observatoire de Paris

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino detection（GRAND） is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy（UHE） cosmic particles, with energies exceeding 10～8 Ge V. Its goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic rays. To do this, GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched sensitivity. GRAND will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the atmosphere. Its design is modular: 20 separate, independent sub-arrays, each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km2. A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals early. Here we present the science goals, detection strategy, preliminary design, performance goals, and construction plans for GRAND.

关键词： radio telescopes neutrinos in astronomical observations cosmic rays in astronomical observations radiowave radiation: sources galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays

Recent advances in the study of Mesozoic-Cenozoic petrified wood from Thailand

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第5期16卷 501-506页

作者： Pratueng JINTASAKUL Paul J.grote Nareerat BOONCHAI Northeastern Research Center and Museum for Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand Geography ProgramNakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat UniversitySuranarai RoadMuang DistrictNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand school of Biology Institute of Science Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Northeastern Research Center and Museum for Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand School of BiologyInstitute of ScienceSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand

Mesozoic to Cenozoic petrified woods are very rich and well preserved in the Khorat Plateau, Northeast Thailand, serving as remarkable material for investigations of tropical vegetation history, paleoclimatic evolution, and paleoenvironmental changes. Our recent field survey and investigations have defined about 50 species of fossil wood assigned to 19 genera and 11 families from Mesozoic to Cenozoic deposits in this region. These woods are ascribed to two groups, gymnosperms and angiosperms. Among them, about 20 species assigned to 7 genera and 5 families are the first reports of the taxa in Thailand. The fossil wood floras indicate that during the late Mesozoic period, the tropical conifer vegetation in Northeast Thailand was dominated by the family Araucariaceae. From the Miocene to Pleistocene, a tropical climate prevailed in this region with perhaps both deciduous and evergreen broadleaf forests comprising the vegetation.

关键词： fossil wood tropical vegetation Mesozoic Cenozoic Thailand.

Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire(ASQ):development and validation

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 335-345页

作者： Amanda Baker Naomi Simon Aparna Keshaviah Amy Farabaugh Thilo deckersbach John J Worthington Elizabeth hoge Maurizio Fava Mark P Pollack Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMassachusettsUSA Harvard Medical school BostonMassachusettsUSA New York University Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA Georgetown University Medical Center WashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Rush University Medical Center ChicagoIllinoisUSA

Background The Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire(ASQ)is a brief self-report questionnaire which measures frequency and intensity of symptoms and was developed to improve assessment of anxiety symptoms in a clinical *** examined the reliability and validity of the ASQ in patients with anxiety disorders and/or depression,nonclinical control subjects and college *** 240 outpatients with generalised anxiety disorder,social anxiety disorder,panic disorder or major depressive disorder were administered the ASQ and additional questionnaires measuring depression and anxiety,as were 111 non-clinical control subjects and 487 college *** analysis,Pearson's correlation coefficients and logistic regression were used to assess reliability and ***-retest reliability of the ASQ was measured using a subset who were re-administered the ASQ after 4 *** Factor analysis revealed measurement of a single dimension by the *** consistency and test-retest reliability were *** ASQ total score also significantly distinguished patients with an anxiety disorder from the clinical controls above and beyond the clinicianrated Hamilton Anxiety *** The ASQ is a valid,reliable and effective self-rated measure of anxiety and may be a useful tool for screening and assessing anxiety symptoms in psychiatric as well as college settings.

关键词： clinical ASQ validity

Influence of intranasal oxytocin on fear consolidation in healthy humans

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 327-334页

作者： Elizabeth hoge Eric Bui Peter Rosencrans Scott Orr Rachel Ross Rebecca Ojserkis Naomi Simon department of Psychiatry Georgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMassachusettsUSA department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUnited States department of Psychiatry New York University Medical CenterNew York CityNew YorkUSA

Background Although recent data in healthy humans suggestthat treatment with intranasal oxytocin(0T)may facilitate extinction recall,to date,little is known about the effects of 0T on memory *** To examine the effect of intranasal administration of OT compared with placebo on memory consolidation blockade of a de novo fear memory in a classical 2-day fear conditioning *** There were no significant differences between the 0T and the placebo groups on the first two extinction trials(mean(SD)=0.01(0.39)vs 0.15(0.31),t=-1.092,p=0.28).Similarly,during early extinction,analysis of variance for repeated measures failed to show significant main effects of extinction trials:trials(F(4,112)=1.58,p=0.18),drug(F(1,112)=0.13,p=0.72)or drug x trials interaction(F(4,112)=0.76,p=0.56).Conclusion Our results suggest that 0T administered in a double-blind fashion immediately after fear conditioning does not significantly reduce consolidation of fear learning as measured by a differential skin conductance response tested at the beginning of extinction.

关键词： extinction consolidation measures

A New Species of the Genus Protobothrops(Squamata: Viperidae) from Southern Tibet, China and Sikkim, India

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Asian Herpetological Research 2013年第2期4卷 109-115页

作者： Hujun PAN Basundhara CHETTRI Daode YANG Ke JIANG Kai WANG Liang ZHANG Gernot VOGEL Institute of Wildlife Conservation Central South University of Forestry and Technology Guangdong Entomological Institute South China Institute of Endangered Animals school of Policy Planning and Studies Sikkim University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution and Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic AnimalsKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Washington State University Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology

A new species of the genus Protobothrops hoge ＆ Romano-hoge, 1983, was described from Jilong County, southern Tibet, China, and Chungthang, northern Sikkim, India. It differs from congeners by the following characters： 1） relatively large body size （total length up to 1510 mm）; 2） dorsal scale rows 25-25-19; 3） except for the smooth outermost row, dorsal scales are weakly keeled; 4） relatively high number of ventral （198-216） and subcaudal （65-76 pairs） scales; 5） 7-8 supralabials; 6） 11 to 13 infralabials; 7） dorsal head uniform dark brown, laterally a reddish-brown obscure postocular streak; 8） dorsum of trtmk and tail olive, with distinct black edged red brown transverse bands across the body and tail; and 9） eye from bright brown and reddish brown to mildly brown. The new species was also observed from the Haa Valley in western Bhutan.

关键词： new species Protobothrops Viperidae Squamata Himalayan region

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Trends in treatment and overall survival among patients with proximal esophageal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第47期25卷 6835-6846页

作者： Judith de Vos-Geelen Sandra ME Geurts Liselot BJ Valkenburg-van Iersel Evelien JM de Jong Vivianne CG Tjan-Heijnen Margreet van Putten Valery EPP Lemmens Heike I Grabsch Nadia Haj Mohammad Frank JP Hoebers Chantal V hoge Paul M Jeene Hanneke WM van Laarhoven Tom Rozema Marije Slingerland Grard AP Nieuwenhuijzen department of Internal Medicine Division of Medical OncologyGROW-School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands department of Research Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization(IKNL)Eindhoven 5612 HZNetherlands department of Pathology GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands Pathology and Data Analytics Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James”sUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS97TFUnited Kingdom department of Medical Oncology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht 3584 CXNetherlands department of Radiation Oncology(MAASTRO clinic) GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6229 ETNetherlands department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands department of Radiotherapy RadiotherapiegroepDeventer 7416 SENetherlands department of Medical Oncology Amsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands department of Radiotherapy Insituut VerbeetenTilburg 5042 SBNetherlands department of Medical Oncology Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2333 ZANetherlands department of Surgery Catharina Hospital EindhovenEindhoven 5623 EJNetherlands department of Public Health Erasmus Medical Center RotterdamRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

BACKGROUND The management of proximal esophageal cancer differs from that of tumors located in the mid and lower part of the esophagus due to the close vicinity of vital ***-surgical treatment options like radiotherapy and definitive chemoradiation(CRT)have been *** trends in(non-)surgical treatment and its impact on overall survival(OS)in patients with proximal esophageal cancer are unclear,related to its rare disease *** optimize treatment strategies and counseling of patients with proximal esophageal cancer,it is therefore essential to gain more insight through real-life *** To establish trends in treatment and OS in patients with proximal esophageal *** In this population-based study,patients with proximal esophageal cancer diagnosed between 1989 and 2014 were identified in the Netherlands Cancer *** proximal esophagus consists of the cervical esophagus and the upper thoracic section,extending to 24 cm from the *** in radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and surgery,and OS were *** were stratified by presence of distant *** Cox proportional hazards regression analyses was performed to assess the effect of period of diagnosis on OS,adjusted for patient,tumor,and treatment *** In total,2783 patients were *** the study period,the use of radiotherapy,resection,and CRT in non-metastatic disease changed from 53%,23%,and 1%in 1989-1994 to 21%,9%,and 49%in 2010-2014,*** metastatic disease,the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy increased over *** OS of the total population increased from 7.3 mo[95%confidence interval(CI):6.4-8.1]in 1989-1994 to 9.5 mo(95%CI:8.1-10.8)in 2010-2014(logrank Pdemonstrated a significant treatment effect over time on ***

关键词： Esophagus Esophageal cancer Proximal Cervical Upper thoracic Trends Treatment Survival Outcome

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泰国中-新生代热带植物木化石研究

自然科学进展 2005年第9期15卷 1134-1138页

作者：王永栋张武郑少林 Pratueng Jintasakul Paul J.grote Nareerat Boonchai 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所国土资源部沈阳地质矿产研究所 Northeastern Research Center and Museum for Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources Geography Program Rajabhat UniversitySuranarai RoadAmphur MuangNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand school of Biology school of Biology Institute of ScienceSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratehasima 30000Thailand

泰国东北部柯叻府及邻区中-新生代木化石非常丰富并保存有完好的解剖构造,是探究热带植被历史、古气候演化以及古环境变迁等问题的重要实证材料.最近的野外调查和专题研究确认该地区中-新生代木化石11科19属约50个种或种级分类单元,分... 详细信息

泰国东北部柯叻府及邻区中-新生代木化石非常丰富并保存有完好的解剖构造,是探究热带植被历史、古气候演化以及古环境变迁等问题的重要实证材料.最近的野外调查和专题研究确认该地区中-新生代木化石11科19属约50个种或种级分类单元,分别隶属于裸子植物和被子植物两大分类群,其中有5科7属20种(包括未定种)为前人在泰国未曾报道的类型.当前木材化石群揭示出在中生代后期,泰国东北部热带针叶树植被以南洋杉科为主;在中新世-更新世时期,该地区主要发育落叶和常绿阔叶树植被,代表热带气候环境.

关键词：木化石热带植被中-新生代泰国热带植物化石研究古环境变迁古气候演化常绿阔叶树解剖构造

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