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Intellectual Capital, Corporate Culture and Performance of Firms Listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange

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Management Studies 2017年第6期5卷 508-524页

作者： Anne Kariuki Kellen Kiambati karatina university Karatina Kenya

The broad objective of this study was to establish the moderating effect of corporate culture on the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance of firms listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange. The review of literature provided conceptual and empirical gaps that formed the basis of the conceptual hypotheses. Two hypotheses were deduced from general objective： Intellectual capital has a significant influence on corporate performance; corporate culture moderates the relationship between intellectual capital and corporate performance. A cross-section research design was adopted. A survey questionnaire was the main tool of data collection and was distributed to the 50 heads of human resource departments in the different firms＇ period covering four financial years from 2009 to 2012. The study also utilized secondary data obtained from Capital Market Authority Statistical bulletins and Nairobi Securities Exchange Handbook 2012-2013 to collect data on financial performance （ROA, ROE, and Dividend Yield）. Data were tested for reliability results showing that study dimensions were reliable, apart from task-oriented culture that had a Cronbach alpha of 0.262, thus being not considered for further analysis; thus the study relied on employee-oriented culture as a measure of corporate culture. The hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that intellectual capital had a significant influence on non-financial performance and no significant influence on financial measures of performance （ROA, ROE, and Dividend Yield）. Test for moderation showed that the interaction term was not significant and thus, employee-oriented culture did not moderate the relationship between intellectual capital and corporate performance. The study demonstrates importance of the influence of intellectual capital on non-financial performance of firms listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange

关键词： intellectual capital corporate culture employee-oriented culture task-oriented corporate performance

Influence of organization learning on innovation output in manufacturing firms in Kenya

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2020年第1期4卷 16-26页

作者： Isaac Muiruri Gachanja Stephen Irura Nga'nga' Lucy Maina Kiganane Department of Entrepreneurship Karatina UniversityP.O.Box 1957e10101KaratinaKenya Department of Entrepreneurship and Economics The Cooperative University of KenyaP.O.Box 24814e0052Karen-NairobiKenya

Knowledge entrepreneurship is increasingly becoming important in driving innovation for high levels of *** purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Organization Learning(OL)and Innovation Output(IO)for improved performance in manufacturing firms in *** theoretical underpinnings on this study are the Schumpeter’s(1934)innovation theory of and the Gleick(1987)complexity *** methodology used was mixed method research because it provides a more holistic understanding of a thematic *** research design that was used is cross-sectional design because it allows for making observations on different characteristics that exist within a group at a particular *** target population was manufacturing firms across the ***-stage sampling strategy was used to sample 303 respondents from 101 *** and secondary data were used to collect both qualitative and quantitative *** questionnaire,interview schedule and a checklist of key informants were used to collect *** validity was used to ascertain the credibility of the research procedure and internal consistency technique was used to test for *** and linear regression were used to determine the relationship between OL and *** disruptions were avoided by making prior arrangements and *** findings indicate that OL has a significant influence on *** is recommended that lifelong learning,management support and risk tolerance should be encouraged to improve *** creativity is important in raising the capacity to integrate internal and external knowledge for greater levels of *** research should be carried out to find how customers and suppliers information can be utilized to enriched OL.

关键词： Organization learning Innovation output Competitiveness Lifelong learning Risk tolerance

Effects of Sawdust, Forest Soil and Cow Dung Mixtures on Growth Characteristics of Blue Gum (<i>Eucalyptus saligna</i>) Seedlings in South Kinangop Forest, Nyandarua, Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2017年第4期7卷 373-387页

作者： Fredrick Atanas Ashiono Hellen Kamiri Wangechi Mwangi James Kinyanjui Kenya Forest Service South Kinangop Forest Station Nairobi Kenya School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Department of Natural Resources Karatina University Karatina Kenya School of Agriculture and Biotechnology Department of Crop Science Karatina University Karatina Kenya

Forestation programs, in Kenya have been hindered by, among others, high cost of tree seedling production and longtime seedlings stay in the nursery. This has been attributed to poor quality of forest soil and unavailability of alternative growth media. Study was carried out in South Kinangop forest station to evaluate the potential of mixing sawdust and cow dung with forest soil to form a nutrient rich growth media. Using forest soil;sawdust, cow dung and mixture of these components, this study sought to determine growth characteristics of Eucalyptus saligna seedlings under different conditions available in the nursery. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments comprising of Saw dust alone (Tr 1), Forest soil alone (Tr 2);Sawdust: Cow dung mixture in the ratio of 1:1 (Tr 3);Forest soil to Sawdust-Cow dung mixture (1:1) in ratio of 1:1 by weight (Tr 4);Forest soil to Sawdust-Cow dung mixture (1:1) in ratio of 1:2 by weight (Tr 5) and Forest soil to Sawdust-Cow dung (1:1) in ratio of 1:3 by weight (Tr 6). Treatments were replicated three times and an experimental unit consisted of 110 seedlings of which 15 were tagged for height and root collar diameter measurement. The remaining 95 were used for biomass determination by destructive sampling. The results showed that Sawdust: Cow dung mixtures (Tr 3) had the highest measurements for height, root collar diameter and biomass at week 20 when compared to the rest of growth mixtures. Height measurements were significantly high (13.81 cm) for the Sawdust: Cow dung mixtures while the variation in root collar diameter and biomass were not significantly different among the treatments. Sawdust alone did not favor seedling growth and recorded the lowest measurements in height, root collar diameter and biomass. Nutrient release from the growth media during the experimental period was equally high for the Saw dust: Cow dung mixture (Tr 3) which was ideal media for raising tree seedling

关键词： CowDung Forest Soil Sawdust Tree Seedling

Seed dispersal by Tana River mangabeys in fragmented gallery forests

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Open Journal of Ecology 2012年第1期2卷 12-20页

作者： Duncan M. Kimuyu Geoffrey M. Wahungu Dennis O. Otieno Department of Plant Ecology University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Karatina University College Karatina Kenya

Data collected on a free ranging group of Tana River mangabeys (Cercocebus galeritus) indicates that this endangered primate species, which has previously been regarded as a seed predator, plays an important role in seed dispersal and do contribute to the regeneration of a highly fragmented gallery forest. We observed fruit handling behavior and the post-dispersal fate of seeds ingested by the mangabeys. The two main fruit handling behaviors observed, fruit swallowing and processing fruits in cheek pouches, positively contributed to seed disper- sal. Seed predation was not common during this study, apart from a few particular plant species such as Acacia robusta and Alangium salviifolium with non-fleshy fruits. We found a correlation between seed predation and fruit availability, respectively seasonal differential specific dispersal efficiency. The role of the mangabeys in dispersing seeds and facilitating forest regeneration is enhanced by their movement across forest patches through non-forested matrix, which contributes to the deposition of seeds and regeneration in these habitat gaps.

关键词： Cercocebus Galeritus Seed Dispersal seed Predation Seasonality Dispersal Efficiency Fragmentation Habitat Gaps Tana River Forests

Water Resources and Management under Increasing Urban Demography: A Kenyan Perspective—A Review

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第9期10卷 919-938页

作者： Deziline Adhiambo Ondigo Agnes Mumo Kavoo Jeremiah Kebwaro Department of Physical Sciences Karatina University Karatina Kenya Department of Horticulture Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

The United Nations classifies Kenya as a water-scarce country since it has less than 1000 m3 per capita of renewable freshwater supplies. Numerous factors including global warming, contamination of drinking water, and a lack of investment in water resources have aggravated the water crisis in Kenya. Estimates indicate that only about 56% of its population has access to safe water supply. Like many developing countries, Kenya recognizes the crucial role of water in realizing its development goals. Its economic performance and poverty reduction are critically dependent on clean water availability for agriculture, industrialization, energy production and tourism among others. Similar to most developing countries, Kenya suffers from lack of human, monetary and institutional capabilities to efficiently provide clean and sufficient water to its citizens. The water shortage in the major cities is acute and chronic and has continued to worsen with increasing urbanization, water pollution and encroachment of water catchment areas by humans and invasive plant species. Despite the water challenges facing the urban populations, Kenya possesses sufficient water resources to meet demand if the available resources are properly managed. Several initiatives are being put in place in Kenya to mitigate the water challenges and protect water resources in Kenya. These include enacting of water policies to protect water catchment areas, reduce pollution and enhance access to clean water.

关键词： Kenya Urbanization Water Resource Crisis Water Act and Policy Water Kiosks

Evaluation of Kenyan Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato （Ipomoea batatas Lam,） Purees for Functional Food Production

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第2期8卷 128-133页

作者： Muchiri M. Njeri McCartney Anne L. Department of Food Nutritional Science University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AP UK Department of Food Science and Nutrition Karatina University Karatina 10101 Kenya

Consumption of functional foods with health promoting benefits and/or disease prevention has been on the increase globally. The study aimed at evaluating the potential of utilizing Kenyan orange fleshed sweet potato （Ipomoea batatas Lam.） for functional food production with aesthetics benefits. Purees from three different varieties of orange fleshed sweet potato （OFSP） were analyzed for nutritional, physicochemical and microbial quality, The findings of the study show that the three purees were all microbiologically safe and of near neutral pH, but differed significantly （P 〈 0.05） in nutrient content （dry matter content, 12.76-28.23%; crude fiber, 1.37-2.90% fresh weight basis （FWB）; 13-carotene, 0.94-9.27 mg/100g dry weight basis （DWB）; starch, 10.20-18.30% FWB ＆ total sugar 27.08-31.76% DWB）. The purees had attractive appearance （ranging from yellow to dark orange）, with varying significantly different spectrophotometer hunters color scale （P 〈 0.05）, and flow ability. Conclusions from the findings show great potential of utilizing the varying properties of OFSP puree to produce enriched functional food products such as probiotic/prebiotic dairy, beverages, bakery and baby foods.

关键词： Orange fleshed sweet potato puree functional foods sustainable nutrition.

Effect of Citric Acid on the Total Monomeric Anthocyanins and Antioxidant Activity of Liquor Made from Unprocessed Purple Leafed TRFK 306 Kenyan Tea Clone

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第10期10卷 1191-1201页

作者： Emily C. Kilel John K. Wanyoko Abdul K. Faraj Peninah Ngoda Department of Food Science and Nutrition Karatina University Karatina Kenya Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Njoro Egerton Kenya Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization-Tea Research Institute Kericho Kenya.

A study was conducted to find out the effect of citric acid on total monomeric anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of liquor made from unprocessed purple-leafed TRFK 306 Kenyan tea, brewed at various time/temperature combinations. Most purple tea consumers usually brew the tea leaves then add some lemon juice before consuming it. Citric acid was used here to mimic the use of lemon juice. Documentation on the quality of such a brew is scanty and the effect of acid on its quality is equally scanty. The current study used brewing time/temperature combinations of 5, 10 and 15 minutes with 70°C and 92°C drinking water. Total monomeric anthocyanins were analysed using UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan) while DDPH method was used to assay for antioxidant activity. Citric acid concentration of 0, 0.1% to 0.5% was used to check their effect on the brews with the highest total anthocyanins and antioxidant activity. The results showed that brewing temperature of 70°C had 9.5 mg/L to 27.7 mg/L, with 5 minutes brewing time being the highest. Temperature of 92°C had 37.5 mg/L to 92 mg/L with 5 minutes brewing time having the highest total monomeric anthocyanins. Antioxidant activity of 92°C brewing temperature ranged from 90.7% to 92.0%. Total monomeric anthocyanins increased with increased citric acid concentration up to 0.3% before it decreases while for antioxidant activity, it decreased with addition of citric acid. It was concluded that for maximum anthocyanins extraction, 5 minutes brewing time is the best while ten minutes brewing time could give optimum antioxidant activity.

关键词： TRFK 306 Total Monomeric Anthocyanins Antioxidant Activity Citric Acid Brewing Conditions

Characterization of Forest Degradation beyond Canopy Cover Change in Mau Forest, Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第4期12卷 393-407页

作者： Merceline Awuor Ojwala Felix Mutua Mwangi James Kinyanjui Department of Geomatic Engineering and Geospatial Information Systems Jommo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Directorate of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing Nairobi Kenya School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Karatina University Karatina Kenya

Monitoring Forest degradation is evidence enough to show a country’s commitment to monitor the forest trend both for national and local decision-making and international reporting processes. Unlike deforestation which is easier to point out, monitoring forest degradation is quite a challenge since there is no universal definition and thus no clear monitoring methods apart from the canopy cover change. This research, therefore, sought to look at the degradation trends in the Mau forest complex between 1995-2020 with the aim of finding out whether monitoring canopy density changes over time and quantifying these changes in terms of biomass loss could be a good approach in monitoring forest degradation. Forest Canopy Density (FCD) model was adopted focusing on using vegetation indices describing biophysical conditions of Vegetation, Shadow and Bareness to monitor changes in canopy density as a parameter for describing forest degradation in the forest blocks of Maasai Mau and Olpusimoru in Mau forest complex. Results indicated how different vegetation indices responded to changes in the vegetation density and eventually changes in the canopy density values which were converted in terms of biomass loss. The forest Canopy Density model proved to be a good tool for monitoring forest degradation since it combines different biophysical indices with different characteristics capturing what is happening below the canopy.

关键词： Forest Degradation Canopy Density Vegetation Indices Biomass Loss Monitoring

Biomass Energy Resource of the Highland Bamboo (<i>Yushania alpina</i>) and Its Potential for Sustainable Exploitation in Southern Aberdares Forest

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2017年第3期7卷 85-97页

作者： Ndirangu Monicah Katumbi Mwangi James Kinyanjui Kimondo JM Mugo Joseph Mware Kenya Forest Service Nairobi Kenya Department of Natural Resources School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Karatina University Karatina Kenya Kenya Forest Research Institute Nairobi Kenya

Yushania alpina is the only bamboo species native to Kenya and covers about 150,000 ha growing in pure or mixed stands in the montane forests. The Aberdare forest is one of the natural habitats for Y. alpine occupying an area of 6419 ha mainly in the water catchment areas. The growing human population and depletion of other forest resources have necessitated the exploration of Y. alpine as a source of energy. This paper assessed the quantity of Y. alpine available for biomass energy and its potential for sustainable exploitation. Plots were laid on area maps to cater for altitude and distance from farms. The study area was stratified into three altitudinal zones: A (2220 - 2330 m), B (2331 - 2440 m) and C (2441 - 2550 m). The initial sampling plot of 10 m × 10 m was located randomly 500 m from the edge of the forest while the subsequent plots were laid out systematically at intervals of 500 m. In each plot, a total enumeration and biomass estimation of bamboo clumps were done using Muchiri and Muga (2013) [1] method. Bamboo samples and those of commonly used biomass energy sources were analysed for calorific value using bomb calorimeter. In addition, data for quantities of biomass energy used by some local industries were used to estimate the amount of bamboo required. The mean stocking was 19,981 (20,000) culms ha-1, and varied significantly among altitude strata and distance from adjacent farms. The mean biomass density and energy content were 86 tons/ha and 380,893 Kca/ha respectively with the higher altitudinal stratum (zone C) having the highest means (114 tons/ha) while the lower stratum (zone A) had the lowest (65 tons/ha). The energy needed by sampled local industries was 416,276,266 Kcal per year against 2.4 billion Kcal available in the bamboo forest. This implies that the bamboo forest in its present stocking can provide biomass energy for these local industries for more than five years. With bamboo maturing with less than five years, the forest can susta

关键词： Bamboo Biomass Altitude Calorific Value